TY - GEN A1 - Biterova, Ekaterina A1 - Esmaeeli Moghaddam Tabalvandani, Mariam A1 - Alanen, Heli I. A1 - Saaranen, Mirva A1 - Ruddock, Lloyd W. T1 - Structures of Angptl3 and Angptl4 BT - modulators of triglyceride levels and coronary artery disease T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Coronary artery disease is the most common cause of death globally and is linked to a number of risk factors including serum low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, triglycerides and lipoprotein(a). Recently two proteins, angiopoietin-like protein 3 and 4, have emerged from genetic studies as being factors that significantly modulate plasma triglyceride levels and coronary artery disease. The exact function and mechanism of action of both proteins remains to be elucidated, however, mutations in these proteins results in up to 34% reduction in coronary artery disease and inhibition of function results in reduced plasma triglyceride levels. Here we report the crystal structures of the fibrinogen-like domains of both proteins. These structures offer new insights into the reported loss of function mutations, the mechanisms of action of the proteins and open up the possibility for the rational design of low molecular weight inhibitors for intervention in coronary artery disease. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1048 KW - angiopoitin-like 4 KW - of-function mutations KW - cardiovascular-disease KW - lipoprotein-lipase KW - heart-disease KW - risk KW - recognition KW - protein KW - metaanalysis KW - association KW - cardiovascular biology KW - x-ray crystallography Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-467943 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1048 ER - TY - THES A1 - Ganschow, Constantin Alexander T1 - Die Konversion im Asylverfahren T2 - Acta Iuridica Universitatis Potsdamiensis N2 - Der Verfasser beschäftigt sich mit der Frage des Glaubensübertritts in einem Asylverfahren. Dabei nimmt er Zeitpunkt, Art und Umstände des Religionswechsels in den Blick. Ferner untersucht er, wie die sogenannte Konversion von den zuständigen Behörden und Gerichten zu behandeln und zu bewerten ist. Einführend gibt er einen Überblick zum völkerrechtlichen Schutz der Religions- und Weltanschauungsfreiheit sowie typischen Gefährdungslagen. Überdies befasst er sich mit den Rechtsgrundlagen des Asyl- und Flüchtlingsschutzrechts und stellt Verbindungen zum Flucht- und Verfolgungsgrund der Religion her. Schwerpunkt bildet die Untersuchung der Verfahrensstadien, in denen die Konversion relevant wird. Dabei berücksichtigt der Verfasser die nationale und europäische Rechtsprechung. Von besonderer Bedeutung sind die Ausführungen zum Zusammenspiel von staatlichen Ermittlungspflichten und Mitwirkungsgeboten von Asylantragstellenden, wobei den Besonderheiten des grund- und menschenrechtlichen Mehrebenensystems Rechnung getragen wird. Zentral sind ferner die Ausführungen zum Umgang mit Taufurkunden und sonstigen Bescheinigungen über die religiöse Überzeugung. Besonderes Gewicht liegt auf der verfassungsrechtlichen Stellung der Religionsgemeinschaften und der Frage, ob die Entscheidung einer Religionsgemeinschaft, ein neues Mitglied aufzunehmen, die Behörde im Asylverfahren bindet. Diesem Problem widmet sich der Verfasser unter Heranziehung der relevanten Literaturstimmen und einschlägigen Rechtsprechung. Der rechtswissenschaftliche Beitrag bietet den beteiligten Akteuren nicht nur eine Einführung in das Themengebiet des Glaubensübertritts im Asylverfahren, sondern gibt den Lesenden auch eine praxistaugliche Handlungsunterstützung rund um die wichtigsten Fragen einer Konversion im Asylverfahren an die Hand. Praktische Bezüge entstehen beispielsweise dadurch, dass wichtige Impulse und Empfehlungen für eine gleichermaßen moderne, rechtsstaatliche und grundrechtsorientierte Verfahrensführung entwickelt werden. N2 - This thesis addresses questions related to the conversion of faith during an asylum procedure. It explores how these conversions of faith are treated and assessed by the relevant authorities and courts, whereby the timing, nature and circumstances of the conversion is taken into account. The thesis begins with an overview of the fundamental human right of freedom of religion and belief and typical risks associated to this. In addition, the legal basis of asylum and refugee protection law is discussed and linked to religion as a reason for flight and persecution. Next, procedural stages which are affected by a conversion of faith are analysed in-depth. Here national and European case law is taken into account. Of particular importance is the interplay of the state's duty to inquire and the co-operation requirements of the asylum seeker, whereby special attention is placed on the multi-level governance of fundamental human rights. The handeling of baptismal certificates and other certificates of religious conviction is another important consideration. Particular emphasis is placed on the constitutional standing of the religious communities and the question of whether the decision of a religious community to accept a new member binds the authority in the asylum procedure. This problem is analysed with reference to current literature and relevant rulings. The jurisprudential thesis not only offers the reader an introduction to the topic of faith conversion during in the asylum procedure, but also practice oriented support around the most pressing questions of dealing with these conversions during an asylum procedure. Specific recommendations and impulses are presented to develop an equally modern, constitutional and fundamental rights-oriented procedural management. T3 - Acta Iuridica Universitatis Potsdamiensis - 7 KW - Anhörung KW - Asyl KW - Asylantrag KW - Asylgesetz KW - Asylrecht KW - Asylverfahren KW - Begleitung KW - Bescheinigung KW - Beweismittel KW - Ehrenamtliche KW - Ermittlungspflicht KW - Flucht KW - Flüchtling KW - Flüchtlingsschutz KW - Folgeantrag KW - Gemeinde KW - Glauben KW - Glaubensfreiheit KW - Glaubensprüfung KW - Glaubenswechsel KW - Mitwirkungspflicht KW - Nachfluchtgrund KW - Religiöse Verfolgung KW - Religion KW - Religionsfreiheit KW - Religionsgemeinschaft KW - Religions- und Weltanschauungsfreiheit KW - Religionswechsel KW - Sachverhaltsaufklärung KW - Sachverhaltsaufklärungspflicht KW - Selbstbestimmungsrecht KW - Selbstbestimmungsrecht der Religionsgemeinschaften KW - Sonderbeauftragte KW - Sonderbeauftragte für religiöse Verfolgung KW - Taufurkunde KW - Glaubensübertritt KW - Kirche KW - Konversion KW - Verfolgung KW - Verfolgungsgrund KW - asylum KW - asylum procedure KW - baptismal certificate KW - certificate of religious conviction KW - conversion KW - faith KW - flight KW - freedom of religion and belief KW - non-refoulement KW - post-flight activities KW - refugee KW - refugee law KW - refugee protection KW - religion KW - risk KW - persecution KW - protection Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-505819 SN - 978-3-86956-509-5 SN - 2199-9686 SN - 2199-9694 IS - 7 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gomez Zapata, Juan Camilo A1 - Zafrir, Raquel A1 - Pittore, Massimiliano A1 - Merino, Yvonne T1 - Towards a sensitivity analysis in seismic risk with probabilistic building exposure models BT - an application in Valparaiso, Chile using ancillary open-source data and parametric ground motions JF - ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information N2 - Efforts have been made in the past to enhance building exposure models on a regional scale with increasing spatial resolutions by integrating different data sources. This work follows a similar path and focuses on the downscaling of the existing SARA exposure model that was proposed for the residential building stock of the communes of Valparaiso and Vina del Mar (Chile). Although this model allowed great progress in harmonising building classes and characterising their differential physical vulnerabilities, it is now outdated, and in any case, it is spatially aggregated over large administrative units. Hence, to more accurately consider the impact of future earthquakes on these cities, it is necessary to employ more reliable exposure models. For such a purpose, we propose updating this existing model through a Bayesian approach by integrating ancillary data that has been made increasingly available from Volunteering Geo-Information (VGI) activities. Its spatial representation is also optimised in higher resolution aggregation units that avoid the inconvenience of having incomplete building-by-building footprints. A worst-case earthquake scenario is presented to calculate direct economic losses and highlight the degree of uncertainty imposed by exposure models in comparison with other parameters used to generate the seismic ground motions within a sensitivity analysis. This example study shows the great potential of using increasingly available VGI to update worldwide building exposure models as well as its importance in scenario-based seismic risk assessment. KW - exposure KW - buildings KW - Bayesian model KW - downscaling KW - OpenStreetMap KW - ground motion fields KW - sensitivity KW - earthquake KW - vulnerability KW - risk Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11020113 SN - 2220-9964 VL - 11 IS - 2 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Höse, Anna A1 - Wyschkon, Anne A1 - Moraske, Svenja A1 - Eggeling, Marie A1 - Quandte, Sabine A1 - Kohn, Juliane A1 - Poltz, Nadine A1 - von Aster, Michael G. A1 - Esser, Günter T1 - Prevention of dyslexia short-term and intermediate effects of promoting phonological awareness and letter-sound correspondence with at-risk preschool children JF - Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie N2 - Objective: This study assesses the short-term and intermediate effects of preschool training stimulating phonological awareness and letter-sound correspondence for children at risk of developing dyslexia. Moreover, we examined whether training reduced the frequency of subsequent dyslexic problems. Method: 25 children at risk of developing dyslexia were trained with Horen, Lauschen, Lernen 1 und 2 (Kuspert & Schneider, 2008; Plume & Schneider, 2004) by their kindergarten teachers and were compared with 60 untrained at-risk children. Results:The training revealed a significant short-term effect: The phonological awareness of trained at-risk children increased significantly over that of untrained at-risk children. However, there were no differences in phonological awareness, spelling, and reading ability between the first-graders in the training and control group. Furthermore, reading problems were reduced in the training group. Conclusions: In the future, phonological awareness as well as additional predictors should be included when identifying children vulnerable to developing dyslexia. Moreover, in order to prevent dyslexia, additional prerequisite deficits need to be identified, alleviated, and their effects evaluated. KW - developmental dyslexia KW - phonological awareness KW - prevention KW - risk KW - specific developmental disorder Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1024/1422-4917/a000456 SN - 1422-4917 SN - 1664-2880 VL - 44 SP - 377 EP - 391 PB - Hogrefe CY - Bern ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kamali, Bahareh A1 - Jahanbakhshi, Farshid A1 - Dogaru, Diana A1 - Dietrich, Jörg A1 - Nendel, Claas A1 - AghaKouchak, Amir T1 - Probabilistic modeling of crop-yield loss risk under drought: a spatial showcase for sub-Saharan Africa JF - Environmental research letters N2 - Assessing the risk of yield loss in African drought-affected regions is key to identify feasible solutions for stable crop production. Recent studies have demonstrated that Copula-based probabilistic methods are well suited for such assessment owing to reasonably inferring important properties in terms of exceedance probability and joint dependence of different characterization. However, insufficient attention has been given to quantifying the probability of yield loss and determining the contribution of climatic factors. This study applies the Copula theory to describe the dependence between drought and crop yield anomalies for rainfed maize, millet, and sorghum crops in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The environmental policy integrated climate model, calibrated with Food and Agriculture Organization country-level yield data, was used to simulate yields across SSA (1980-2012). The results showed that the severity of yield loss due to drought had a higher magnitude than the severity of drought itself. Sensitivity analysis to identify factors contributing to drought and high-temperature stresses for all crops showed that the amount of precipitation during vegetation and grain filling was the main driver of crop yield loss, and the effect of temperature was stronger for sorghum than for maize and millet. The results demonstrate the added value of probabilistic methods for drought-impact assessment. For future studies, we recommend looking into factors influencing drought and high-temperature stresses as individual/concurrent climatic extremes. KW - Copula theory KW - crop model KW - drought stress KW - joint probability KW - risk Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac4ec1 SN - 1748-9326 VL - 17 IS - 2 PB - IOP Publishing CY - Bristol ER - TY - THES A1 - Kox, Thomas T1 - Perception and use of uncertainty in severe weather warnings T1 - Wahrnehmung und Verwendung von Unsicherheit in Wetterwarnungen N2 - Uncertainty is an essential part of atmospheric processes and thus inherent to weather forecasts. Nevertheless, weather forecasts and warnings are still predominately issued as deterministic (yes or no) forecasts, although research suggests that providing weather forecast users with additional information about the forecast uncertainty can enhance the preparation of mitigation measures. Communicating forecast uncertainty would allow for a provision of information on possible future events at an earlier time. The desired benefit is to enable the users to start with preparatory protective action at an earlier stage of time based on the their own risk assessment and decision threshold. But not all users have the same threshold for taking action. In the course of the project WEXICOM (‘Wetterwarnungen: Von der Extremereignis-Information zu Kommunikation und Handlung’) funded by the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), three studies were conducted between the years 2012 and 2016 to reveal how weather forecasts and warnings are reflected in weather-related decision-making. The studies asked which factors influence the perception of forecasts and the decision to take protective action and how forecast users make sense of probabilistic information and the additional lead time. In a first exploratory study conducted in 2012, members of emergency services in Germany were asked questions about how weather warnings are communicated to professional endusers in the emergency community and how the warnings are converted into mitigation measures. A large number of open questions were selected to identify new topics of interest. The questions covered topics like users’ confidence in forecasts, their understanding of probabilistic information as well as their lead time and decision thresholds to start with preparatory mitigation measures. Results show that emergency service personnel generally have a good sense of uncertainty inherent in weather forecasts. Although no single probability threshold could be identified for organisations to start with preparatory mitigation measures, it became clear that emergency services tend to avoid forecasts based on low probabilities as a basis for their decisions. Based on this findings, a second study conducted with residents of Berlin in 2014 further investigated the question of decision thresholds. The survey questions related to the topics of the perception of and prior experience with severe weather, trustworthiness of forecasters and confidence in weather forecasts, and socio-demographic and social-economic characteristics. Within the questionnaire a scenario was created to determine individual decision thresholds and see whether subgroups of the sample lead to different thresholds. The results show that people’s willingness to act tends to be higher and decision thresholds tend to be lower if the expected weather event is more severe or the property at risk is of higher value. Several influencing factors of risk perception have significant effects such as education, housing status and ability to act, whereas socio-demographic determinants alone are often not sufficient to fully grasp risk perception and protection behaviour. Parallel to the quantitative studies, an interview study was conducted with 27 members of German civil protection between 2012 and 2016. The results show that the latest developments in (numerical) weather forecasting do not necessarily fit the current practice of German emergency services. These practices are mostly carried out on alarms and ground truth in a reactive manner rather than on anticipation based on prognosis or forecasts. As the potential consequences rather than the event characteristics determine protective action, the findings support the call and need for impact-based warnings. Forecasters will rely on impact data and need to learn the users’ understanding of impact. Therefore, it is recommended to enhance weather communication not only by improving computer models and observation tools, but also by focusing on the aspects of communication and collaboration. Using information about uncertainty demands awareness about and acceptance of the limits of knowledge, hence, the capabilities of the forecaster to anticipate future developments of the atmosphere and the capabilities of the user to make sense of this information. N2 - Obwohl atmosphärische Prozesse wesentlich durch Unsicherheit gekennzeichnet sind, werden Wettervorhersagen und Warnungen in Deutschland überwiegend noch als deterministische (ja oder nein) Vorhersagen herausgegeben. Dagegen legen jüngere Forschungsergebnisse nahe, dass durch die frühzeitige Bereitstellung von Informationen über die Vorhersageunsicherheit, die Vorbereitung von Vorsorgemaßnahmen verbessert werden kann. Der gewünschte Vorteil bestünde darin, es der Empfängerin und dem Empfänger zu ermöglichen auf Grundlage der eigenen Risikobewertung zu einem möglichen früheren Zeitpunkt mit Schutzmaßnahmen zu beginnen. Offen ist dabei, ob diese mit probabilistischen Wettervorhersagen, der Unsicherheit und den Implikationen durch die zusätzliche Vorlaufzeit umgehen können, wie sich Vorhersagen und Warnungen in wetterbezogenen Entscheidungen widerspiegeln und welche Einflussfaktoren auf die Entscheidung wirken. Im Rahmen des vom Deutschen Wetterdienst (DWD) geförderten Projektes WEXICOM (Wetterwarnungen: Von der Extremereignis-Information zu Kommunikation und Handlung) wurden dazu zwischen den Jahren 2012 und 2016 drei Studien durchgeführt. In einer ersten explorativen Studie wurden Vertreterinnen und Vertreter des deutschen Bevölkerungsschutzes gefragt, wieWetterwarnungen an sie kommuniziert werden und wie sie diese Informationen in Maßnahmen umsetzten. Die Studie bestand aus mehreren offenen Fragen, um möglichst viele neue Themen zu identifizieren. Thematische Schwerpunkte waren das Vertrauen in Wettervorhersagen, das Verständnis von Wahrscheinlichkeiten und die benötigte Vorlaufzeit für vorbereitende Maßnahmen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Befragten im Allgemeinen die Unsicherheit in Wettervorhersagen gut einschätzen. Obwohl kein eindeutiger Wahrscheinlichkeitswert identifiziert werden konnte, bei dem sie mit vorbereitenden Maßnahmen beginnen würden, wurde deutlich, dass Feuerwehren und Rettungsdienste es vermeiden ihre Entscheidungen auf Grund von Vorhersagen mit niedriger Eintrittswahrscheinlichkeit zu treffen. In einer zweiten Fragebogenstudie wurde das Thema der Schwellenwerte für Entscheidungen mit Bewohnern von Berlin weiter untersucht. Es wurde geprüft, welche mögliche Faktoren die individuellen Wahrscheinlichkeitswerte beeinflussen. Der Fragebogen beinhaltete dafür ein fiktives Entscheidungs-Szenario und weitere Fragen zur Wahrnehmung und vorherigen Erfahrung mit Unwetter, der Einschätzung der Vertrauenswürdigkeit von Forecastern und das Vertrauen inWettervorhersagen sowie soziodemografische und sozioökonomische Merkmale. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Handlungsbereitschaft tendenziell höher ist und die Schwellenwerte tendenziell niedriger ausfallen, wenn das erwartete Wetterereignis schwerwiegender ist oder das gefährdete Eigentum einen höheren Wert hat. Mehrere Faktoren beeinflussen die Risikowahrnehmung und den Schwellenwert. Darunter Bildung, Wohnstatus und Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung. Wohingegen soziodemografische Merkmale nicht ausreichen, um Risikowahrnehmung und Schutzverhalten vollständig zu erfassen. Parallel zu den quantitativen Studien wurde eine Interviewstudie mit 27 Vertreterinnen und Vertretern des deutschen Bevölkerungsschutzes durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die technologischen Entwicklungen durch die numerische Wettervorhersage nicht zwangsläufig durch die derzeitige Praxis des deutschen Bevölkerungsschutzes aufgegriffen werden können. Dieser reagiert zumeist auf Grundlage von Alarmen und Bestätigungen durch Lagebilder von Ort, anstatt auf der Grundlage von (Wetter-) Vorhersagen zu arbeiten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen insgesamt, dass letztendlich die Konsequenzen von Wetter und nicht das Wetterereignis an sich die Handlungen prägen. Impact-basierende Warnungen können hier aufgrund der Praxisnähe eine hilfreiche Unterstützung für einige Empfängergruppen darstellen. Für diese Form der Warnung benötigen die Wetterdienste Daten zu den Auswirkungen von Wetter. Notwendig dafür ist eine verbesserte Kommunikation und Zusammenarbeit zwischen Wetterdiensten und professionellen Empfängergruppen. So erlernen die Wetterdienste die Bedeutung von Auswirkungen für den einzelnen Empfänger und unterstützen gleichzeitig das Verständnis von numerischen Wettervorhersagen. Die Kommunikation von Vorhersageunsicherheiten erfordert grundlegend ein Bewusstsein und Verständnis über die Grenzen des Wissens und somit über die Fähigkeiten der Forecaster, zukünftige Entwicklungen der Atmosphäre vorherzusagen und über die Fähigkeiten der Empfängerinnen und Empfänger, diese Informationen zu verstehen und umzusetzen. KW - uncertainty KW - risk KW - warning KW - Unsicherheit KW - Risiko KW - Warnung Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-411541 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kreibich, Heidi A1 - Müller, Meike A1 - Schröter, Kai A1 - Thieken, Annegret T1 - New insights into flood warning reception and emergency response by affected parties T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Flood damage can be mitigated if the parties at risk are reached by flood warnings and if they know how to react appropriately. To gain more knowledge about warning reception and emergency response of private households and companies, surveys were undertaken after the August 2002 and the June 2013 floods in Germany. Despite pronounced regional differences, the results show a clear overall picture: in 2002, early warnings did not work well; e.g. many households (27 %) and companies (45 %) stated that they had not received any flood warnings. Additionally, the preparedness of private households and companies was low in 2002, mainly due to a lack of flood experience. After the 2002 flood, many initiatives were launched and investments undertaken to improve flood risk management, including early warnings and an emergency response in Germany. In 2013, only a small share of the affected households (5 %) and companies (3 %) were not reached by any warnings. Additionally, private households and companies were better prepared. For instance, the share of companies which have an emergency plan in place has increased from 10% in 2002 to 34% in 2013. However, there is still room for improvement, which needs to be triggered mainly by effective risk and emergency communication. The challenge is to continuously maintain and advance an integrated early warning and emergency response system even without the occurrence of extreme floods. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 659 KW - june 2013 Flood KW - circulation patterns KW - affected residents KW - extreme flood KW - august 2002 KW - Germany KW - risk KW - damage KW - preparedness KW - recovery Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-418381 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 659 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Chen A1 - Stoma, Svetlana A1 - Lotta, Luca A. A1 - Warner, Sophie A1 - Albrecht, Eva A1 - Allione, Alessandra A1 - Arp, Pascal P. A1 - Broer, Linda A1 - Buxton, Jessica L. A1 - Boeing, Heiner A1 - Langenberg, Claudia A1 - Codd, Veryan T1 - Genome-wide association analysis in humans links nucleotide metabolism to leukocyte telomere length JF - American Journal of Human Genetics N2 - Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a heritable biomarker of genomic aging. In this study, we perform a genome-wide meta-analysis of LTL by pooling densely genotyped and imputed association results across large-scale European-descent studies including up to 78,592 individuals. We identify 49 genomic regions at a false dicovery rate (FDR) < 0.05 threshold and prioritize genes at 31, with five highlighting nucleotide metabolism as an important regulator of LTL. We report six genome-wide significant loci in or near SENP7, MOB1B, CARMIL1 , PRRC2A, TERF2, and RFWD3, and our results support recently identified PARP1, POT1, ATM, and MPHOSPH6 loci. Phenome-wide analyses in >350,000 UK Biobank participants suggest that genetically shorter telomere length increases the risk of hypothyroidism and decreases the risk of thyroid cancer, lymphoma, and a range of proliferative conditions. Our results replicate previously reported associations with increased risk of coronary artery disease and lower risk for multiple cancer types. Our findings substantially expand current knowledge on genes that regulate LTL and their impact on human health and disease. KW - Mendelian randomization KW - risk KW - variants KW - disease KW - cancer KW - loci KW - database KW - genes KW - heart KW - gwas Y1 - 2019 VL - 106 IS - 3 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Chen A1 - Stoma, Svetlana A1 - Lotta, Luca A. A1 - Warner, Sophie A1 - Albrecht, Eva A1 - Allione, Alessandra A1 - Arp, Pascal P. A1 - Broer, Linda A1 - Buxton, Jessica L. A1 - Boeing, Heiner A1 - Langenberg, Claudia A1 - Codd, Veryan T1 - Genome-wide association analysis in humans links nucleotide metabolism to leukocyte telomere length T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a heritable biomarker of genomic aging. In this study, we perform a genome-wide meta-analysis of LTL by pooling densely genotyped and imputed association results across large-scale European-descent studies including up to 78,592 individuals. We identify 49 genomic regions at a false dicovery rate (FDR) < 0.05 threshold and prioritize genes at 31, with five highlighting nucleotide metabolism as an important regulator of LTL. We report six genome-wide significant loci in or near SENP7, MOB1B, CARMIL1 , PRRC2A, TERF2, and RFWD3, and our results support recently identified PARP1, POT1, ATM, and MPHOSPH6 loci. Phenome-wide analyses in >350,000 UK Biobank participants suggest that genetically shorter telomere length increases the risk of hypothyroidism and decreases the risk of thyroid cancer, lymphoma, and a range of proliferative conditions. Our results replicate previously reported associations with increased risk of coronary artery disease and lower risk for multiple cancer types. Our findings substantially expand current knowledge on genes that regulate LTL and their impact on human health and disease. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1205 KW - Mendelian randomization KW - risk KW - variants KW - disease KW - cancer KW - loci KW - database KW - genes KW - heart KW - gwas Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-526843 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 3 ER - TY - THES A1 - Meißner, Frank T1 - Produktion unter Risiko T1 - Production under risk BT - ein agentenbasiertes, sektorales Partialmodell zur Anwendung in der Nachhaltigkeitsforschung N2 - Mit der hier vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein mikroökonomisches Multiagentenmodell eines Produktionssektors vorgeschlagen. Das Modell folgt einem post-walrasianischem Ungleichgewichtsansatz und beschreibt optimierende Agenten der Produktionsseite. Diese berücksichtigen in probabilistischen Nebenbedingungen Risiken des Cash Flow, die sich aus unsicheren Absatzmengen ergeben. Produzenten stehen in monopolistischer Konkurrenz und lernen durch Beobachten. Wird vorliegendes Modell in ein Totalmodell integriert, so wird es möglich, die sich aus der Klimadebatte ergebenden, notwendigen Veränderungen im Investitions- und Produktionsverhalten zu diskutieren und darzustellen. N2 - In the following thesis I propose a microeconomic Multi-Agent-Model of a production sector. I apply a Post-Walrasian disequilibrium approach and describe optimizing agents. These agents use chance constraints which depict a Cash Flow at Risk approach. Agents act in a Monopolistic-Competition environment. KW - Mulit-Agenten-Model KW - Risiko KW - Cash-Flow-at-Risk KW - post-walrasianisch KW - Monopolistische-Konkurrenz KW - Multi-Agent-Model KW - risk KW - Cash-Flow-at-Risk KW - post-walrasian KW - Monopolistic-Competition Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18810 ER -