TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wang, Hao
A1  - Wang, Xue-jiang
A1  - Wang, Wei-shi
A1  - Yan, Xiang-bo
A1  - Xia, Peng
A1  - Chen, Jie
A1  - Zhao, Jian-fu
T1  - Modeling and optimization of struvite recovery from wastewater and reusing for heavy metals immobilization in contaminated soil
JF  - Journal of chemical technology & biotechnology
N2  - BACKROUND: Few studies have been carried out to connect nutrients recovery from wastewater and heavy metals immobilization in contaminated soil. To achieve the goal, ammonia nitrogen (AN) and phosphorus (P) were recovered from rare-earth wastewater by using the formation of struvite, which was used as the amendment with plant ash for copper, lead and chromium immobilization. RESULTS: AN removal efficiency and residual P reached 95.32 +/- 0.73% and 6.14 +/- 1.72mgL(-1) under optimal conditions: pH= 9.0, n(Mg): n(N): n(P)= 1.2: 1: 1.1, which were obtained using response surface methodology (RSM). The minimum available concentrations of Cu, Pb and Cr (CPC) separately reduced to 320.82 mg kg(-1), 190.77 mg kg(-1) and 121.46 mg kg(-1) with increasing immobilization time at the mass ratio of phosphate precipitate (PP)/plant ash (PA) of 1: 3. Humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) were beneficial to immobilize Cu, both of which showed no effect or even a negative effect on Pb and Cr immobilization.
KW  - precipitation
KW  - experimental design
KW  - immobilization
KW  - heavy metals
KW  - environmental remediation
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.4931
SN  - 0268-2575
SN  - 1097-4660
VL  - 91
SP  - 3045
EP  - 3052
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Hoboken
ER  -