TY  - JOUR
A1  - Mueller, Juliane
A1  - Engel, Tilman
A1  - Mueller, Steffen
A1  - Kopinski, Stephan
A1  - Baur, Heiner
A1  - Mayer, Frank
T1  - Neuromuscular response of the trunk to sudden gait disturbances: Forward vs. backward perturbation
JF  - Journal of electromyography and kinesiology
N2  - The study aimed to analyse neuromuscular activity of the trunk comparing four different perturbations during gait. Thirteen subjects (28 +/- 3 yrs) walked (1 m/s) on a split-belt treadmill, while 4 (belt) perturbations (F1, F2, B1, B2) were randomly applied. Perturbations differed, related to treadmill belt translation, in direction (forward (F)/backward (B)) and amplitude (20 m/s(2) (1)/40 m/s(2) (2)). Trunk muscle activity was assessed with a 12-lead-EMG. EMG-RMS [%] (0-200 ms after perturbation; normalized to RMS of normal gait) was analyzed for muscles and four trunk areas (ventral left/right; dorsal left/right). Ratio of ventral: dorsal muscles were calculated. Muscle onset [ms] was determined. Data analysis was conducted descriptively, followed by ANOVA (post hoc Tukey-Kramer (alpha = 0.05)). All perturbations lead to an increase in EMG-RMS (428 +/- 289%). F1 showed the lowest and F2 the highest increase for the flexors. B2 showed the highest increase for the extensors. Significant differences between perturbations could be observed for 6 muscles, as well as the 4 trunk areas. Ratio analysis revealed no significant differences (range 1.25 (B1) to 1.71 (F2) between stimuli. Muscle response time (ventral: 87.0 +/- 21.7 ms; dorsal: 88.4 +/- 17.0 ms) between stimuli was only significant (p = 0.005) for the dorsal muscles. Magnitude significantly influences neuromuscular trunk response patterns in healthy adults. Regardless of direction ventral muscles always revealed higher relative increase of activity while compensating the walking perturbations. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KW  - Stumbling
KW  - Gait perturbation
KW  - EMG
KW  - Core
KW  - MiSpEx*
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2016.07.005
SN  - 1050-6411
SN  - 1873-5711
VL  - 30
SP  - 168
EP  - 176
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  -