TY  - CHAP
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
A1  - Matheja, Anna
T1  - Grenzüberschreitungen in der Kognition
BT  - Wahrnehmung, Denken und Handeln
T2  - Grenzen im Fokus der Wissenschaften
Y1  - 2016
SP  - 197
EP  - 212
PB  - Trafo
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gerth, Sabrina
A1  - Klassert, Annegret
A1  - Dolk, Thomas
A1  - Fliesser, Michael
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
A1  - Nottbusch, Guido
A1  - Festman, Julia
T1  - Is Handwriting Performance Affected by the Writing Surface?
BT  - Comparing Preschoolers', Second Graders', and Adults' Writing Performance on a Tablet vs. Paper
JF  - Frontiers in psychology
N2  - Due to their multifunctionality, tablets offer tremendous advantages for research on handwriting dynamics or for interactive use of learning apps in schools. Further, the widespread use of tablet computers has had a great impact on handwriting in the current generation. But, is it advisable to teach how to write and to assess handwriting in pre- and primary schoolchildren on tablets rather than on paper? Since handwriting is not automatized before the age of 10 years, children's handwriting movements require graphomotor and visual feedback as well as permanent control of movement execution during handwriting. Modifications in writing conditions, for instance the smoother writing surface of a tablet, might influence handwriting performance in general and in particular those of non-automatized beginning writers. In order to investigate how handwriting performance is affected by a difference in friction of the writing surface, we recruited three groups with varying levels of handwriting automaticity: 25 preschoolers, 27 second graders, and 25 adults. We administered three tasks measuring graphomotor abilities, visuomotor abilities, and handwriting performance (only second graders and adults). We evaluated two aspects of handwriting performance: the handwriting quality with a visual score and the handwriting dynamics using online handwriting measures [e.g., writing duration, writing velocity, strokes and number of inversions in velocity (NIV)]. In particular, NIVs which describe the number of velocity peaks during handwriting are directly related to the level of handwriting automaticity. In general, we found differences between writing on paper compared to the tablet. These differences were partly task-dependent. The comparison between tablet and paper revealed a faster writing velocity for all groups and all tasks on the tablet which indicates that all participants—even the experienced writers—were influenced by the lower friction of the tablet surface. Our results for the group-comparison show advancing levels in handwriting automaticity from preschoolers to second graders to adults, which confirms that our method depicts handwriting performance in groups with varying degrees of handwriting automaticity. We conclude that the smoother tablet surface requires additional control of handwriting movements and therefore might present an additional challenge for learners of handwriting.
KW  - handwriting
KW  - movement kinematics
KW  - writing acquisition
KW  - children
KW  - graphomotor control
KW  - tablet
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01308
SN  - 1664-1078
VL  - 7
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Hartmann, Matthias
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
T1  - Exploring the numerical mind by eye-tracking: a special issue
T2  - Psychological research : an international journal of perception, attention, memory, and action
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-016-0759-0
SN  - 0340-0727
SN  - 1430-2772
VL  - 80
SP  - 325
EP  - 333
PB  - Springer
CY  - Heidelberg
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Myachykov, Andriy
A1  - Ellis, Rob
A1  - Cangelosi, Angelo
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
T1  - Ocular drift along the mental number line
JF  - Psychological research : an international journal of perception, attention, memory, and action
N2  - We examined the spontaneous association between numbers and space by documenting attention deployment and the time course of associated spatial-numerical mapping with and without overt oculomotor responses. In Experiment 1, participants maintained central fixation while listening to number names. In Experiment 2, they made horizontal target-direct saccades following auditory number presentation. In both experiments, we continuously measured spontaneous ocular drift in horizontal space during and after number presentation. Experiment 2 also measured visual-probe-directed saccades following number presentation. Reliable ocular drift congruent with a horizontal mental number line emerged during and after number presentation in both experiments. Our results provide new evidence for the implicit and automatic nature of the oculomotor resonance effect associated with the horizontal spatial-numerical mapping mechanism.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-015-0731-4
SN  - 0340-0727
SN  - 1430-2772
VL  - 80
SP  - 379
EP  - 388
PB  - Springer
CY  - Heidelberg
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hartmann, Matthias
A1  - Mast, Fred W.
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
T1  - Counting is a spatial process: evidence from eye movements
JF  - Psychological research : an international journal of perception, attention, memory, and action
N2  - Spatial-numerical associations (small numbers-left/lower space and large numbers-right/upper space) are regularly found in simple number categorization tasks. These associations were taken as evidence for a spatially oriented mental number line. However, the role of spatial-numerical associations during more complex number processing, such as counting or mental arithmetic is less clear. Here, we investigated whether counting is associated with a movement along the mental number line. Participants counted aloud upward or downward in steps of 3 for 45 s while looking at a blank screen. Gaze position during upward counting shifted rightward and upward, while the pattern for downward counting was less clear. Our results, therefore, confirm the hypothesis of a movement along the mental number line for addition. We conclude that space is not only used to represent number magnitudes but also to actively operate on numbers in more complex tasks such as counting, and that the eyes reflect this spatial mental operation.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-015-0722-5
SN  - 0340-0727
SN  - 1430-2772
VL  - 80
SP  - 399
EP  - 409
PB  - Springer
CY  - Heidelberg
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wiemers, Michael
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
T1  - Effects of Hand Proximity and Movement Direction in Spatial and Temporal Gap Discrimination
JF  - Frontiers in psychology
KW  - attention
KW  - perception and action
KW  - two visual systems
KW  - visual perception
KW  - movement preparation
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01930
SN  - 1664-1078
VL  - 7
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lachmair, Martin
A1  - Fernandez, Susana Ruiz
A1  - Bury, Nils-Alexander
A1  - Gerjets, Peter
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
A1  - Bock, Otmar L.
T1  - How Body Orientation Affects Concepts of Space, Time and Valence: Functional Relevance of Integrating Sensorimotor Experiences during Word Processing
JF  - PLoS one
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165795
SN  - 1932-6203
VL  - 11
PB  - PLoS
CY  - San Fransisco
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gerth, Sabrina
A1  - Klassert, Annegret
A1  - Dolk, Thomas
A1  - Fliesser, Michael
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
A1  - Nottbusch, Guido
A1  - Festman, Julia
T1  - Is Handwriting Performance Affected by the Writing Surface? Comparing Tablet vs. Paper
JF  - Frontiers in psychology
KW  - handwriting
KW  - movement kinematics
KW  - writing acquisition
KW  - children
KW  - graphomotor control
KW  - tablet
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01308
SN  - 1664-1078
VL  - 7
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gerth, Sabrina
A1  - Dolk, Thomas
A1  - Klassert, Annegret
A1  - Fliesser, Michael
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
A1  - Nottbusch, Guido
A1  - Festman, Julia
T1  - Adapting to the surface: A comparison of handwriting measures when writing on a tablet computer and on paper
JF  - Human movement science : a journal devoted to pure and applied research on human movement
N2  - Our study addresses the following research questions: Are there differences between handwriting movements on paper and on a tablet computer? Can experienced writers, such as most adults, adapt their graphomotor execution during writing to a rather unfamiliar surface for instance a tablet computer? We examined the handwriting performance of adults in three tasks with different complexity: (a) graphomotor abilities, (b) visuomotor abilities and (c) handwriting. Each participant performed each task twice, once on paper and once on a tablet computer with a pen. We tested 25 participants by measuring their writing duration, in air time, number of pen lifts, writing velocity and number of inversions in velocity. The data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects modeling with repeated measures. Our results reveal differences between writing on paper and on a tablet computer which were partly task-dependent. Our findings also show that participants were able to adapt their graphomotor execution to the smoother surface of the tablet computer during the tasks. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
KW  - Handwriting
KW  - Movement kinematics
KW  - Tablet computer
KW  - Handwriting movements adaptation
KW  - Graphomotor execution
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2016.04.006
SN  - 0167-9457
SN  - 1872-7646
VL  - 48
SP  - 62
EP  - 73
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Achilles, E. I. S.
A1  - Fink, G. R.
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
A1  - Dovern, A.
A1  - Held, A.
A1  - Timpert, D. C.
A1  - Schroeter, C.
A1  - Schuetz, K.
A1  - Kloetzsch, C.
A1  - Weiss, P. H.
T1  - Effect of meaning on apraxic finger imitation deficits
JF  - Neuropsychologia : an international journal in behavioural and cognitive neuroscience
N2  - Apraxia typically results from left-hemispheric (LH), but also from right-hemispheric (RH) stroke, and often impairs gesture imitation. Especially in LH stroke, it is important to differentiate apraxia-induced gesture imitation deficits from those due to co-morbid aphasia and associated semantic deficits, possibly influencing the imitation of meaningful (MF) gestures. To explore this issue, we first investigated if the 10 supposedly meaningless (ML) gestures of a widely used finger imitation test really carry no meaning, or if the test also contains MF gestures, by asking healthy subjects (n=45) to classify these gestures as MF or ML. Most healthy subjects (98%) classified three of the 10 gestures as clearly MF. Only two gestures were considered predominantly ML. We next assessed how imitation in stroke patients (255 LH, 113 RH stroke) is influenced by gesture meaning and how aphasia influences imitation of LH stroke patients (n=208). All patients and especially patients with imitation deficits (17% of LH, 27% of RH stroke patients) imitated MF gestures significantly better than ML gestures. Importantly, meaningfulness-scores of all 10 gestures significantly predicted imitation scores of patients with imitation deficits. Furthermore, especially in LH stroke patients with imitation deficits, the severity of aphasia significantly influenced the imitation of MF, but not ML gestures. Our findings in a large patient cohort support current cognitive models of imitation and strongly suggest that ML gestures are particularly sensitive to detect imitation deficits while minimising confounding effects of aphasia which affect the imitation of MF gestures in LH stroke patients. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KW  - Apraxia
KW  - Meaning
KW  - Cognitive models of imitation
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.12.022
SN  - 0028-3932
SN  - 1873-3514
VL  - 82
SP  - 74
EP  - 83
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  -