TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kuschel, Luciano Bruno
A1  - Sonnenburg, Dominik
A1  - Engel, Tilman
T1  - Factors of muscle quality and determinants of muscle strength
BT  - a systematic literature review
JF  - Healthcare
N2  - Muscle quality defined as the ratio of muscle strength to muscle mass disregards underlying factors which influence muscle strength. The aim of this review was to investigate the relationship of phase angle (PhA), echo intensity (EI), muscular adipose tissue (MAT), muscle fiber type, fascicle pennation angle (θf), fascicle length (lf), muscle oxidative capacity, insulin sensitivity (IS), neuromuscular activation, and motor unit to muscle strength. PubMed search was performed in 2021. The inclusion criteria were: (i) original research, (ii) human participants, (iii) adults (≥18 years). Exclusion criteria were: (i) no full-text, (ii) non-English or -German language, (iii) pathologies. Forty-one studies were identified. Nine studies found a weak–moderate negative (range r: [−0.26]–[−0.656], p < 0.05) correlation between muscle strength and EI. Four studies found a weak–moderate positive correlation (range r: 0.177–0.696, p < 0.05) between muscle strength and PhA. Two studies found a moderate-strong negative correlation (range r: [−0.446]–[−0.87], p < 0.05) between muscle strength and MAT. Two studies found a weak-strong positive correlation (range r: 0.28–0.907, p < 0.05) between θf and muscle strength. Muscle oxidative capacity was found to be a predictor of muscle strength. This review highlights that the current definition of muscle quality should be expanded upon as to encompass all possible factors of muscle quality.
KW  - muscle quality
KW  - muscle strength
KW  - phase angle
KW  - echo intensity
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10101937
SN  - 2227-9032
VL  - 10
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  -