TY - GEN A1 - Geirhos, Robert A1 - Temme, Carlos R. Medina A1 - Rauber, Jonas A1 - Schütt, Heiko Herbert A1 - Bethge, Matthias A1 - Wichmann, Felix A. T1 - Generalisation in humans and deep neural networks T2 - Proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems N2 - We compare the robustness of humans and current convolutional deep neural networks (DNNs) on object recognition under twelve different types of image degradations. First, using three well known DNNs (ResNet-152, VGG-19, GoogLeNet) we find the human visual system to be more robust to nearly all of the tested image manipulations, and we observe progressively diverging classification error-patterns between humans and DNNs when the signal gets weaker. Secondly, we show that DNNs trained directly on distorted images consistently surpass human performance on the exact distortion types they were trained on, yet they display extremely poor generalisation abilities when tested on other distortion types. For example, training on salt-and-pepper noise does not imply robustness on uniform white noise and vice versa. Thus, changes in the noise distribution between training and testing constitutes a crucial challenge to deep learning vision systems that can be systematically addressed in a lifelong machine learning approach. Our new dataset consisting of 83K carefully measured human psychophysical trials provide a useful reference for lifelong robustness against image degradations set by the human visual system. Y1 - 2018 SN - 1049-5258 VL - 31 SP - 7549 EP - 7561 PB - Curran Associates Inc. CY - Red Hook ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jeglinski-Mende, Melinda A. A1 - Shaki, Samuel A1 - Fischer, Martin H. T1 - Rezension zu: Varma, Sashank ; Schwartz, Daniel L.: The mental representation of integers : an abstract-to-concrete shift in the understanding of mathematical concepts. - Cognition. - 121 (2011), 3. - S. 363 - 385 T2 - Frontiers in psychology KW - cognitive development KW - mental number line KW - negative numbers KW - embodied cognition KW - abstract concepts Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00209 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 9 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sebold, Miriam A1 - Garbusow, Maria A1 - Nebe, S. A1 - Sundmacher, L. A1 - Kuitunen-Paul, Sören A1 - Wittchen, H. U. A1 - Smolka, M. A1 - Zimmermann, U. A1 - Rapp, Michael A. A1 - Huys, Q. A1 - Schlagenhauf, Florian A1 - Heinz, A. T1 - From goals to habits in alcohol dependence BT - association with treatment outcome and cognitive bias modification training T2 - European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists Y1 - 2018 SN - 0924-9338 SN - 1778-3585 VL - 48 SP - S274 EP - S274 PB - Elsevier CY - Paris ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garbusow, Maria A1 - Sommer, C. A1 - Nebe, S. A1 - Sebold, Miriam A1 - Kuitunen-Paul, Sören A1 - Wittchen, H. U. A1 - Smolka, M. A1 - Zimmermann, U. A1 - Rapp, Michael A. A1 - Huys, Q. A1 - Schlagenhauf, Florian A1 - Heinz, A. T1 - Pavlovian-instrumental transfer in the course of alcohol use disorder T2 - European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists N2 - Background: Pavlovian processes are thought to play an important role in the development, maintenance and relapse of alcohol dependence, possibly by influencing and usurping on- going thought and behavior. The influence of Pavlovian stimuli on on-going behavior is paradigmatically measured by Pavlovian-to-instrumental-transfer (PIT) tasks. These involve multiple stages and are complex. Whether increased PIT is involved in human alcohol dependence is uncertain. We therefore aimed to establish and validate a modified PIT paradigm that would be robust, consistent, and tolerated by healthy controls as well as by patients suffering from alcohol dependence, and to explore whether alcohol dependence is associated with enhanced Pavlovian-Instrumental transfer. Methods: 32 recently detoxified alcohol-dependent patients and 32 age and gender matched healthy controls performed a PIT task with instrumental go/no-go approach behaviours. The task involved both Pavlovian stimuli associated with monetary rewards and losses, and images of drinks. Results: Both patients and healthy controls showed a robust and temporally stable PIT effect. Strengths of PIT effects to drug-related and monetary conditioned stimuli were highly correlated. Patients more frequently showed a PIT effect and the effect was stronger in response to aversively conditioned CSs (conditioned suppression), but there was no group difference in response to appetitive CSs. Conclusion: The implementation of PIT has favorably robust properties in chronic alcohol- dependent patients and in healthy controls. It shows internal consistency between monetary and drug-related cues. The findings support an association of alcohol dependence with an increased propensity towards PIT. Y1 - 2018 SN - 0924-9338 SN - 1778-3585 VL - 48 SP - S546 EP - S546 PB - Elsevier CY - ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kewenig, Viktor A1 - Zhou, Yuefang A1 - Fischer, Martin H. T1 - Commentary: Robots as intentional agents BT - Using neuroscientific methods to make robots appear more social T2 - Frontiers in psychology KW - intentionality KW - social robots KW - verbal reports KW - humanoid KW - turing test Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01131 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 9 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lazuras, Lambros A1 - Barkoukis, Vassilis A1 - Loukovitis, Andreas A1 - Brand, Ralf A1 - Hudson, Andy A1 - Mallia, Luca A1 - Michaelides, Michalis A1 - Muzi, Milena A1 - Petroczi, Andrea A1 - Zelli, Arnaldo T1 - Corrigendum: "I Want It All, and I Want It Now": Lifetime Prevalence and Reasons for Using and Abstaining from Controlled Performance and Appearance Enhancing Substances (PAES) among Young Exercisers and Amateur Athletes in Five European Countries (Frontiers in psychology. - 8 (2017), 717.) T2 - Frontiers in psychology KW - doping KW - behavioral reasoning KW - exercise KW - fitness KW - recreational sport KW - young adults Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01162 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 9 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gianelli, Claudia A1 - Gentilucci, Maurizio T1 - Editorial: Reaching to Grasp Cognition: Analyzing Motor Behavior to Investigate Social Interactions T2 - Frontiers in psychology KW - kinematics KW - social cognition KW - action observation KW - imitation KW - joint action KW - complementary actions KW - cooperation and competition KW - embodied cognition Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01236 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 9 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - GEN A1 - Miklashevsky, Alex A. A1 - Lindemann, Oliver A1 - Fischer, Martin H. T1 - Think of the future in the right way BT - Processing time activates the motor system T2 - Cognitive processing : international quarterly of cognitive science Y1 - 2018 SN - 1612-4782 SN - 1612-4790 VL - 19 SP - S46 EP - S46 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Send, T. S. A1 - Gilles, M. A1 - Codd, V. A1 - Wolf, I. A. C. A1 - Bardtke, S. A1 - Streit, Fabian A1 - Strohmaier, Jana A1 - Frank, Josef A1 - Schendel, D. A1 - Sutterlin, M. W. A1 - Denniff, M. A1 - Laucht, Manfred A1 - Samani, N. J. A1 - Deuschle, Michael A1 - Rietschel, Marcella A1 - Witt, Stephanie H. T1 - Telomere length in newborns is related to maternal stress during pregnancy Response T2 - Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology KW - Predictive markers KW - Risk factors Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-018-0079-8 SN - 0893-133X SN - 1740-634X VL - 43 IS - 11 SP - 2164 EP - 2164 PB - Nature Publ. Group CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Warschburger, Petra A1 - Sproesser, Gudrun A1 - Zahn, Daniela T1 - Fachgruppe Gesundheitspsychologie: Methoden sind wichtig, Inhalte aber genauso T1 - Department of Health Psychology Methods are important, but Content is the same T2 - Psychologische Rundschau : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1026/0033-3042/a000418 SN - 0033-3042 SN - 2190-6238 VL - 69 IS - 4 SP - 340 EP - 341 PB - Hogrefe CY - Göttingen ER -