TY - JOUR A1 - Brand, Ralf A1 - Cheval, Boris T1 - Theories to explain exercise motivation and physical inactivity BT - ways of expanding our current theoretical perspective JF - Frontiers in psychology KW - exercise KW - motivation KW - affect KW - automaticity KW - physical inactivity Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01147 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 10 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jekauc, Darko A1 - Brand, Ralf T1 - Editorial: How do Emotions and Feelings Regulate Physical Activity? T2 - Frontiers in psychology KW - physical activity KW - exercise KW - emotions KW - feelings KW - affect KW - regulation KW - implicit KW - enjoyment Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01145 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 8 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Duncan, Niall W. A1 - Hayes, Dave J. A1 - Wiebking, Christine A1 - Tiret, Brice A1 - Pietruska, Karin A1 - Chen, David Q. A1 - Rainville, Pierre A1 - Marjanska, Malgorzata A1 - Ayad, Omar A1 - Doyon, Julien A1 - Hodaie, Mojgan A1 - Northoff, Georg T1 - Negative childhood experiences alter a prefrontal-insular-motor cortical network in healthy adults: A preliminary multimodal rsfMRI-fMRI-MRS-dMRI study JF - Human brain mapping : a journal devoted to functional neuroanatomy and neuroimaging N2 - Research in humans and animals has shown that negative childhood experiences (NCE) can have long-term effects on the structure and function of the brain. Alterations have been noted in grey and white matter, in the brain's resting state, on the glutamatergic system, and on neural and behavioural responses to aversive stimuli. These effects can be linked to psychiatric disorder such as depression and anxiety disorders that are influenced by excessive exposure to early life stressors. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of NCEs on these systems. Resting state functional MRI (rsfMRI), aversion task fMRI, glutamate magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) were combined with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) in healthy subjects to examine the impact of NCEs on the brain. Low CTQ scores, a measure of NCEs, were related to higher resting state glutamate levels and higher resting state entropy in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). CTQ scores, mPFC glutamate and entropy, correlated with neural BOLD responses to the anticipation of aversive stimuli in regions throughout the aversion-related network, with strong correlations between all measures in the motor cortex and left insula. Structural connectivity strength, measured using mean fractional anisotropy, between the mPFC and left insula correlated to aversion-related signal changes in the motor cortex. These findings highlight the impact of NCEs on multiple inter-related brain systems. In particular, they highlight the role of a prefrontal-insular-motor cortical network in the processing and responsivity to aversive stimuli and its potential adaptability by NCEs. Hum Brain Mapp 36:4622-4637, 2015. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. KW - affect KW - early life stress KW - brain networks KW - aversion KW - resting state KW - mood disorder Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.22941 SN - 1065-9471 SN - 1097-0193 VL - 36 IS - 11 SP - 4622 EP - 4637 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - GEN A1 - Antoniewicz, Franziska A1 - Brand, Ralf T1 - Dropping Out or Keeping Up? BT - Early-Dropouts, Late-Dropouts, and Maintainers Differ in Their Automatic Evaluations of Exercise Already before a 14-Week Exercise Course N2 - The aim of this study was to examine how automatic evaluations of exercising (AEE) varied according to adherence to an exercise program. Eighty-eight participants (24.98 years ± 6.88; 51.1% female) completed a Brief-Implicit Association Task assessing their AEE, positive and negative associations to exercising at the beginning of a 3-month exercise program. Attendance data were collected for all participants and used in a cluster analysis of adherence patterns. Three different adherence patterns (52 maintainers, 16 early dropouts, 20 late dropouts; 40.91% overall dropouts) were detected using cluster analyses. Participants from these three clusters differed significantly with regard to their positive and negative associations to exercising before the first course meeting (η2p = 0.07). Discriminant function analyses revealed that positive associations to exercising was a particularly good discriminating factor. This is the first study to provide evidence of the differential impact of positive and negative associations on exercise behavior over the medium term. The findings contribute to theoretical understanding of evaluative processes from a dual-process perspective and may provide a basis for targeted interventions. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 304 KW - BIAT KW - affect KW - associations KW - automatic evaluations KW - dropout KW - exercise adherence Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-97060 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Antoniewicz, Franziska A1 - Brand, Ralf T1 - Dropping Out or Keeping Up? BT - Early-Dropouts, Late-Dropouts, and Maintainers Differ in Their Automatic Evaluations of Exercise Already before a 14-Week Exercise Course JF - Frontiers in psychology N2 - The aim of this study was to examine how automatic evaluations of exercising (AEE) varied according to adherence to an exercise program. Eighty-eight participants (24.98 years ± 6.88; 51.1% female) completed a Brief-Implicit Association Task assessing their AEE, positive and negative associations to exercising at the beginning of a 3-month exercise program. Attendance data were collected for all participants and used in a cluster analysis of adherence patterns. Three different adherence patterns (52 maintainers, 16 early dropouts, 20 late dropouts; 40.91% overall dropouts) were detected using cluster analyses. Participants from these three clusters differed significantly with regard to their positive and negative associations to exercising before the first course meeting (η2p = 0.07). Discriminant function analyses revealed that positive associations to exercising was a particularly good discriminating factor. This is the first study to provide evidence of the differential impact of positive and negative associations on exercise behavior over the medium term. The findings contribute to theoretical understanding of evaluative processes from a dual-process perspective and may provide a basis for targeted interventions. KW - exercise adherence KW - automatic evaluations KW - BIAT KW - dropout KW - associations KW - affect Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00838 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 7 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER -