TY  - JOUR
A1  - Voltmer, Edgar
A1  - Spahn, Claudia
A1  - Schaarschmidt, Uwe
A1  - Kieschke, Ulf
T1  - Work-related behavior and experience patterns of entrepreneurs compared to teachers and physicians
JF  - International archives of occupational and environmental health
N2  - Purpose This study examined the status of health-related behavior and experience patterns of entrepreneurs in comparison with teachers and physicians to identify specific health risks and resources.
 Methods Entrepreneurs (n = 632), teachers (n = 5,196), and physicians (n = 549) were surveyed in a cross-sectional design. The questionnaire Work-related Behavior and Experience Patterns (AVEM) was used for all professions and, in addition, two scales (health prevention and self-confidence) from the Checklist for Entrepreneurs in the sample of entrepreneurs.
 Results The largest proportion of the entrepreneurs (45%) presented with a healthy pattern (compared with 18.4% teachers and 18.3% physicians). Thirty-eight percent of entrepreneurs showed a risk pattern of overexertion and stress, followed by teachers (28.9%) and physicians (20.6%). Unambitious or burnout patterns were seen in only 9.3/8.2% of entrepreneurs, respectively, and 25.3/27.3% of teachers, and 39.6/21.5% of physicians. While the distribution of patterns in teachers and physicians differed significantly between genders, a gender difference was not found among entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs with the risk pattern of overexertion scored significantly (P < 0.01) lower in self-confidence and health care than those with the healthy pattern.
 Conclusions The development of a successful enterprise depends, in part, on the health of the entrepreneur. The large proportion of entrepreneurs with the healthy pattern irrespective of gender may support the notion that self-selection effects of healthy individuals in this special career might be important. At the same time, a large proportion was at risk for overexertion and might benefit from measures to cope with professional demands and stress and promote a healthy behavior pattern.
KW  - Entrepreneurs
KW  - Physicians
KW  - Teachers
KW  - Occupational stress
KW  - Psychosocial health risks and resources
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-011-0632-9
SN  - 0340-0131
VL  - 84
IS  - 5
SP  - 479
EP  - 490
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Abujatum, Millaray
A1  - Arold, Helga
A1  - Knispel, Katharina
A1  - Rudolf, Susanne
A1  - Schaarschmidt, Uwe
T1  - Intervention durch Training und Beratung
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 978-3-407-25465-8
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schaarschmidt, Uwe
A1  - Kieschke, Ulf
T1  - Arbeits-Bewertungs-Check für Lehrkräfte (ABC-L)
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 978-3-407-25465-8
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Heitzmann, Berit
A1  - Kieschke, Ulf
A1  - Schaarschmidt, Uwe
T1  - Bedingungen der Lehrerarbeit
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 978-3-407-25465-8
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schaarschmidt, Uwe
A1  - Kieschke, Ulf
T1  - Einführung und Überblick
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 978-3-407-25465-8
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Herlt, Susanne
A1  - Schaarschmidt, Uwe
T1  - Fit für den Lehrerberuf?!
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 978-3-407-25465-8
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schaarschmidt, Uwe
A1  - Kieschke, Ulf
T1  - Arbeits-Bewertungs-Vheck für Lehrkräfte (ABC-L) : Anhang 1
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 978-3-407-25465-8
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Herlt, Susanne
A1  - Schaarschmidt, Uwe
T1  - Fit für den Lehrerberuf?! [Fragebogen]
Y1  - 2007
SN  - 978-3-407-25465-8
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bauer, Joachim
A1  - Stamm, Axel
A1  - Virnich, Katharina
A1  - Wissing, Karen
A1  - Müller, Udo
A1  - Wirsching, Michael
A1  - Schaarschmidt, Uwe
T1  - Correlation between burnout syndrome and psychological and psychosomatic symptoms among teachers
N2  - Objectives: Psychosomatic disorders and symptoms that correlate with the so-called burnout syndrome turned out to be the main cause of increasing rates of premature retirement of school teachers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between occupational burden and psychological strain of teachers who are still in work. Methods: A sample of 408 teachers at ten grammar schools (am: High school; German: Gymnasium) in south-western Germany was evaluated. To determine the styles of coping with occupational burden we used the measure of coping capacity questionnaire (MECCA). To analyse the psychopathological and psychosomatic symptom load we applied SCL 90 R questionnaire. Results: According to the MECCA questionnaire, 32.5% of the sample suffered from burnout (type B), 17.7% suffered severe strain (type A), 35.9% showed an unambitious (type S) and 13.8% showed a healthy-ambitious coping style (type G). Burnout was significantly higher among women, divorced teachers and teachers working part-time. As part of the MECCA, teachers were asked to rate what they regarded as the strongest factor resulting in occupational burden. Teachers indicated that, besides high numbers of pupils in one class, they regarded destructive and aggressive behaviour of pupils as the primary stress factor. According to the SCL 90 R, 20% of the sample showed a severe degree (defined as > 70 points in the SCL90R GSI) of psychological and psychosomatic symptoms. MECCA type B (burnout) correlated significantly with high psychological and psychosomatic symptom load according to the SCL90R. Conclusions: In school teachers, burnout syndrome, a construct that derived from occupational psychology and occupational medicine, is significantly correlated with psychological and psychosomatic symptoms. Teachers rate destructive and aggressive behaviour of pupils as the primary stress factor.
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101165
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-005-0050-y
SN  - 0340-0131
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schaarschmidt, Uwe
T1  - Fit für den Lehrerberuf?
Y1  - 2004
ER  -