TY  - GEN
A1  - Dech, Silas
A1  - Bittmann, Frank
A1  - Schaefer, Laura
T1  - Behavior of oxygen saturation and blood filling in the venous capillary system of the biceps brachii muscle during a fatiguing isometric action
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe 618
N2  - The objective of the study is to develop a better understanding of the capillary circulation in contracting muscles. Ten subjects were measured during a submaximal fatiguing isometric muscle action by use of the O2C spectrophotometer. In all measurements the capillary-venous oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (SvO2) decreases immediately after the start of loading and levels off into a steady state. However, two different patterns (type I and type II) emerged. They differ in the extent of deoxygenation (–10.37 ±2.59 percent points (pp) vs. –33.86 ±17.35 pp, P = .008) and the behavior of the relative hemoglobin amount (rHb). Type I reveals a positive rank correlation of SvO2 and rHb (? = 0.735, P <.001), whereas a negative rank correlation (? = –0.522, P <.001) occurred in type II, since rHb decreases until a reversal point, then increases averagely 13% above the baseline value and levels off into a steady state. The results reveal that a homeostasis of oxygen delivery and consumption during isometric muscle actions is possible. A rough distinction in two types of regulation is suggested.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 618 
KW  - muscle oxygenation
KW  - hemoglobin amount
KW  - isometric muscle action
KW  - O2C spectrophotometer
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-460166
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 618
SP  - 79
EP  - 87
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Bittmann, Frank
A1  - Dech, Silas
A1  - Aehle, Markus
A1  - Schaefer, Laura
T1  - Manual Muscle Testing—Force Profiles and Their Reproducibility
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - The manual muscle test (MMT) is a flexible diagnostic tool, which is used in many disciplines, applied in several ways. The main problem is the subjectivity of the test. The MMT in the version of a “break test” depends on the tester’s force rise and the patient’s ability to resist the applied force. As a first step, the investigation of the reproducibility of the testers’ force profile is required for valid application. The study examined the force profiles of n = 29 testers (n = 9 experiences (Exp), n = 8 little experienced (LitExp), n = 12 beginners (Beg)). The testers performed 10 MMTs according to the test of hip flexors, but against a fixed leg to exclude the patient’s reaction. A handheld device recorded the temporal course of the applied force. The results show significant differences between Exp and Beg concerning the starting force (padj = 0.029), the ratio of starting to maximum force (padj = 0.005) and the normalized mean Euclidean distances between the 10 trials (padj = 0.015). The slope is significantly higher in Exp vs. LitExp (p = 0.006) and Beg (p = 0.005). The results also indicate that experienced testers show inter-tester differences and partly even a low intra-tester reproducibility. This highlights the necessity of an objective MMT-assessment. Furthermore, an agreement on a standardized force profile is required. A suggestion for this is given.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 671 
KW  - manual muscle testing
KW  - neuromuscular diagnostics
KW  - force profiles
KW  - reproducibility
KW  - adaptive force
KW  - handheld device
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-485612
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 671
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dech, Silas
A1  - Bittmann, Frank
A1  - Schaefer, Laura
T1  - Behavior of oxygen saturation and blood filling in the venous capillary system of the biceps brachii muscle during a fatiguing isometric action
JF  - European Journal of Translational Myology
N2  - The objective of the study is to develop a better understanding of the capillary circulation in contracting muscles. Ten subjects were measured during a submaximal fatiguing isometric muscle action by use of the O2C spectrophotometer. In all measurements the capillary-venous oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (SvO2) decreases immediately after the start of loading and levels off into a steady state. However, two different patterns (type I and type II) emerged. They differ in the extent of deoxygenation (–10.37 ±2.59 percent points (pp) vs. –33.86 ±17.35 pp, P = .008) and the behavior of the relative hemoglobin amount (rHb). Type I reveals a positive rank correlation of SvO2 and rHb (? = 0.735, P <.001), whereas a negative rank correlation (? = –0.522, P <.001) occurred in type II, since rHb decreases until a reversal point, then increases averagely 13% above the baseline value and levels off into a steady state. The results reveal that a homeostasis of oxygen delivery and consumption during isometric muscle actions is possible. A rough distinction in two types of regulation is suggested.
KW  - muscle oxygenation
KW  - hemoglobin amount
KW  - isometric muscle action
KW  - O2C spectrophotometer
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.4081/ejtm.2019.8800
SN  - 2037-7460
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
SP  - 79
EP  - 87
PB  - Unipress
CY  - Padova
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bittmann, Frank
A1  - Dech, Silas
A1  - Aehle, Markus
A1  - Schaefer, Laura
T1  - Manual Muscle Testing—Force Profiles and Their Reproducibility
JF  - Diagnostics
N2  - The manual muscle test (MMT) is a flexible diagnostic tool, which is used in many disciplines, applied in several ways. The main problem is the subjectivity of the test. The MMT in the version of a “break test” depends on the tester’s force rise and the patient’s ability to resist the applied force. As a first step, the investigation of the reproducibility of the testers’ force profile is required for valid application. The study examined the force profiles of n = 29 testers (n = 9 experiences (Exp), n = 8 little experienced (LitExp), n = 12 beginners (Beg)). The testers performed 10 MMTs according to the test of hip flexors, but against a fixed leg to exclude the patient’s reaction. A handheld device recorded the temporal course of the applied force. The results show significant differences between Exp and Beg concerning the starting force (padj = 0.029), the ratio of starting to maximum force (padj = 0.005) and the normalized mean Euclidean distances between the 10 trials (padj = 0.015). The slope is significantly higher in Exp vs. LitExp (p = 0.006) and Beg (p = 0.005). The results also indicate that experienced testers show inter-tester differences and partly even a low intra-tester reproducibility. This highlights the necessity of an objective MMT-assessment. Furthermore, an agreement on a standardized force profile is required. A suggestion for this is given.
KW  - manual muscle testing
KW  - neuromuscular diagnostics
KW  - force profiles
KW  - reproducibility
KW  - adaptive force
KW  - handheld device
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10120996
SN  - 2075-4418
VL  - 10
IS  - 12
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  -