TY  - JOUR
A1  - Stadion, Mandy
A1  - Schürmann, Annette
T1  - Intermittierendes Fasten
BT  - was gibt es Neues aus der Wissenschaft?
BT  - what’s new from science?
JF  - Der Diabetologe
N2  - Obesity increases the risk of metabolic disorders and can lead to type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the treatment and prevention of obesity represent important medical challenges. Increased physical activity and a reduction in daily caloric intake of 25-30% are often recommended. Another possibility is intermittent fasting, by limiting dietary caloric content over certain times, i.e. one or more days a week or for more than 14 h a day. Animal and human studies provide evidence that intermittent fasting in obesity leads to a reduction in body fat mass as well as to improvements of metabolic parameters and insulin sensitivity. These positive effects are mediated not only by the decrease in body mass, but also by the activation of metabolic pathways and cellular processes that are specific for fasting conditions. In this article, we describe the current knowledge about the mechanisms induced by intermittent fasting and present results from randomized controlled human trials.
N2  - Übergewicht und Adipositas erhöhen die Risiken für Stoffwechselstörungen und können zu einem Typ-2-Diabetes führen. Deshalb stellen die Behandlung und Prävention von Fettleibigkeit eine große medizinische Herausforderung dar. Häufig werden eine erhöhte körperliche Aktivität und die Reduktion der täglichen Kalorienaufnahme um 25–30 % angeraten. Eine andere Möglichkeit bietet intermittierendes Fasten, also eine Kalorieneinschränkung über bestimmte Zeiten, d. h. an einem oder mehreren Tagen pro Woche oder über mehr als 14 h pro Tag. Tier- und Humanstudien lieferten Hinweise darauf, dass intermittierendes Fasten bei Adipositas zu einer Verringerung der Körperfettmasse sowie zu Verbesserungen der Stoffwechselparameter und der Insulinsensitivität führt. Diese positiven Effekte werden nicht nur allein durch die Abnahme der Körpermasse, sondern auch durch die Aktivierung von Stoffwechselwegen und zellulären Prozessen ausgelöst, die für Fastenbedingungen spezifisch sind. In diesem Artikel beschreiben wir die derzeit bekannten Mechanismen, die durch intermittierendes Fasten induziert werden, und stellen Ergebnisse aus randomisierten kontrollierten Studien am Menschen vor.
T2  - Intermittent fasting
KW  - Glucose metabolism disorders
KW  - Lipid metabolism
KW  - Insulin sensitivity
KW  - Energy metabolism
KW  - Circadian rhythm
KW  - Glukosestoffwechselstörungen
KW  - Fettstoffwechsel
KW  - Insulinsensitivität
KW  - Energiestoffwechsel
KW  - Zirkadianer Rhythmus
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11428-020-00666-z
SN  - 1860-9716
SN  - 1860-9724
VL  - 16
IS  - 7
SP  - 641
EP  - 646
PB  - Springer Medizin
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gubert, Priscila
A1  - Puntel, Bruna
A1  - Lehmen, Tassia
A1  - Fessel, Joshua P.
A1  - Cheng, Pan
A1  - Bornhorst, Julia
A1  - Trindade, Lucas Siqueira
A1  - Avila, Daiana S.
A1  - Aschner, Michael
A1  - Soares, Felix A. A.
T1  - Metabolic effects of manganese in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans through DAergic pathway and transcription factors activation
JF  - Neurotoxicology : the interdisciplinary journal of effects to toxic substances on the nervous system
N2  - Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace element for physiological functions since it acts as an enzymatic co-factor. Nevertheless, overexposure to Mn has been associated with a pathologic condition called manganism. Furthermore, Mn has been reported to affect lipid metabolism by mechanisms which have yet to be established. Herein, we used the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to examine Mn’s effects on the dopaminergic (DAergic) system and determine which transcription factors that regulate with lipid metabolism are affected by it. Worms were exposed to Mn for four hours in the presence of bacteria and in a liquid medium (85 mM NaCl). Mn increased fat storage as evidenced both by Oil Red O accumulation and triglyceride levels. In addition, metabolic activity was reduced as a reflection of decreased oxygen consumption caused by Mn. Mn also affected feeding behavior as evidenced by decreased pharyngeal pumping rate. DAergic neurons viability were not altered by Mn, however the dopamine levels were significantly reduced following Mn exposure. Furthermore, the expression of sbp-1 transcription factor and let-363 protein kinase responsible for lipid accumulation control was increased and decreased, respectively, by Mn. Altogether, our data suggest that Mn increases the fat storage in C. elegans, secondary to DAergic system alterations, under the control of SBP-1 and LET-363 proteins.
KW  - Manganese
KW  - Caenorhabditis elegans
KW  - Lipid metabolism
KW  - Dopaminergic system
KW  - Manganism
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2018.04.008
SN  - 0161-813X
SN  - 1872-9711
VL  - 67
SP  - 65
EP  - 72
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  -