TY  - JOUR
A1  - Skowronski, Marika
A1  - Busching, Robert
A1  - Krahé, Barbara
T1  - Predicting adolescents’ self-objectification from sexualized video game and Instagram use
BT  - A longitudinal study
JF  - Sex roles : a journal of research
N2  - A growing body of research has demonstrated negative effects of sexualization in the media on adolescents' body image, but longitudinal studies and research including interactive and social media are scarce. The current study explored the longitudinal associations of adolescents' use of sexualized video games (SVG) and sexualized Instagram images (SII) with body image concerns. Specifically, our study examined relations between adolescents' SVG and SII use and appearance comparisons, thin- and muscular-ideal internalization, valuing appearance over competence, and body surveillance. A sample of 660 German adolescents (327 female, 333 male;M-age = 15.09 years) participated in two waves with an interval of 6 months. A structural equation model showed that SVG and SII use at Time 1 predicted body surveillance indirectly via valuing appearance over competence at Time 2. Furthermore, SVG and SII use indirectly predicted both thin- and muscular-ideal internalization through appearance comparisons at Time 1. In turn, thin-ideal internalization at Time 1 predicted body surveillance indirectly via valuing appearance over competence at Time 2. The results indicate that sexualization in video games and on Instagram can play an important role in increasing body image concerns among adolescents. We discuss the findings with respect to objectification theory and the predictive value of including appearance comparisons in models explaining the relation between sexualized media and self-objectification.
KW  - social media
KW  - computer games
KW  - sexualization
KW  - body image
KW  - self-objectification
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-020-01187-1
SN  - 0360-0025
SN  - 1573-2762
VL  - 84
IS  - 9-10
SP  - 584
EP  - 598
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kuschpel, Maxim S.
A1  - Liu, Shuyan
A1  - Schad, Daniel
A1  - Heinzel, Stephan
A1  - Heinz, Andreas
A1  - Rapp, Michael Armin
T1  - Differential effects of wakeful rest, music and video game playing on working memory performance in the n-back task
JF  - Frontiers in psychology
N2  - The interruption of learning processes by breaks filled with diverse activities is common in everyday life. We investigated the effects of active computer gaming and passive relaxation (rest and music) breaks on working memory performance. Young adults were exposed to breaks involving (i) eyes-open resting, (ii) listening to music and (iii) playing the video game “Angry Birds” before performing the n-back working memory task. Based on linear mixed-effects modeling, we found that playing the “Angry Birds” video game during a short learning break led to a decline in task performance over the course of the task as compared to eyes-open resting and listening to music, although overall task performance was not impaired. This effect was associated with high levels of daily mind wandering and low self-reported ability to concentrate. These findings indicate that video games can negatively affect working memory performance over time when played in between learning tasks. We suggest further investigation of these effects because of their relevance to everyday activity.
KW  - break interventions
KW  - computer games
KW  - mozart effect
KW  - working memory
KW  - attention
KW  - cognitive resources
KW  - mind wandering
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01683
SN  - 1664-1078
IS  - 6
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  -