TY - JOUR A1 - Herenz, Peter A1 - Richter, Philipp A1 - Charlton, Jane C. A1 - Masiero, Joseph R. T1 - The milky way halo as a QSO absorption-line system new results from an HST/STIS absorption-line catalogue of galactic high-velocity clouds JF - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal N2 - We use archival UV absorption-line data from HST/STIS to statistically analyse the absorption characteristics of the high-velocity clouds (HVCs) in the Galactic halo towards more than 40 extragalactic background sources. We determine absorption covering fractions of low-and intermediate ions (Oi, Cii, Si ii, Mgii, Feii, Si iii, Civ, and Si iv) in the range f(c) = 0.20-0.70. For detailed analysis we concentrate on Si ii absorption components in HVCs, for which we investigate the distribution of column densities, b-values, and radial velocities. Combining information for Si ii and Mg II, and using a geometrical HVC model we investigate the contribution of HVCs to the absorption cross section of strong Mg ii absorbers in the local Universe. We estimate that the Galactic HVCs would contribute on average similar to 52 percent to the total strong Mg ii cross section of the Milky Way, if our Galaxy were to be observed from an exterior vantage point. We further estimate that the mean projected covering fraction of strong Mg ii absorption in the Milky Way halo and disc from an exterior vantage point is < f(c,sMgII)> = 0.31 for a halo radius of R = 61 kpc. These numbers, together with the observed number density of strong Mg ii absorbers at low redshift, indicate that the contribution of infalling gas clouds (i.e., HVC analogues) in the halos of Milky Way-type galaxies to the cross section of strong Mgii absorbers is < 34 percent. These findings are in line with the idea that outflowing gas (e. g., produced by galactic winds) in the halos of more actively star-forming galaxies dominate the absorption-cross section of strong Mgii absorbers in the local Universe. KW - ISM: structure KW - Galaxy: halo KW - galaxies: halos Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201220531 SN - 0004-6361 VL - 550 PB - EDP Sciences CY - Les Ulis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kerubo, Leonidah Omosa A1 - Midiwo, Jacob Ogweno A1 - Derese, Solomon A1 - Langat, Moses K. A1 - Akala, Hoseah M. A1 - Waters, Norman C. A1 - Peter, Martin A1 - Heydenreich, Matthias T1 - Antiplasmodial activity of compounds from the surface exudates of senecio roseiflorus JF - Natural product communications : an international journal for communications and reviews N2 - From the surface exudates of Senecio roseiflorus fourteen known methylated flavonoids and one phenol were isolated and characterized. The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of their spectroscopic analysis. The surface exudate and the flavonoids isolated showed moderate to good antiplasmodial activity with 5,4'-dihydroxy-7-dimethoxyflavanone having the highest activity against chloroquine-sensitive (D6) and resistant (W2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum, with IC50 values of 3.2 +/- 0.8 and 4.4 +/- 0.01 mu g/mL respectively. KW - Senecio roseiflorus KW - Asteraceae KW - Surface exudates KW - Antiplasmodial activity Y1 - 2013 SN - 1934-578X VL - 8 IS - 2 SP - 175 EP - 176 PB - NPC CY - Westerville ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dorenkamp, Marc A1 - Bonaventura, Klaus A1 - Leber, Alexander W. A1 - Boldt, Julia A1 - Sohns, Christian A1 - Boldt, Leif-Hendrik A1 - Haverkamp, Wilhelm A1 - Frei, Ulrich A1 - Roser, Mattias T1 - Potential lifetime cost-effectiveness of catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation in patients with resistant hypertension JF - European heart journal N2 - Aims Recent studies have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation (RDN) for the treatment of resistant hypertension. We aimed to determine the cost-effectiveness of this approach separately for men and women of different ages. Methods and results A Markov state-transition model accounting for costs, life-years, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness was developed to compare RDN with best medical therapy (BMT) in patients with resistant hypertension. The model ran from age 30 to 100 years or death, with a cycle length of 1 year. The efficacy of RDN was modelled as a reduction in the risk of hypertension-related disease events and death. Analyses were conducted from a payer's perspective. Costs and QALYs were discounted at 3% annually. Both deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. When compared with BMT, RDN gained 0.98 QALYs in men and 0.88 QALYs in women 60 years of age at an additional cost of (sic)2589 and (sic)2044, respectively. As the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios increased with patient age, RDN consistently yielded more QALYs at lower costs in lower age groups. Considering a willingness-to-pay threshold of (sic)35 000/QALY, there was a 95% probability that RDN would remain cost-effective up to an age of 78 and 76 years in men and women, respectively. Cost-effectiveness was influenced mostly by the magnitude of effect of RDN on systolic blood pressure, the rate of RDN non-responders, and the procedure costs of RDN. Conclusion Renal sympathetic denervation is a cost-effective intervention for patients with resistant hypertension. Earlier treatment produces better cost-effectiveness ratios. KW - Cost-effectiveness KW - Resistant hypertension KW - Renal sympathetic denervation KW - Prevention KW - Cardiovascular disease Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehs355 SN - 0195-668X VL - 34 IS - 6 SP - 451 EP - + PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fechner, Lennart A1 - Baumann, Otto A1 - Walz, Bernd T1 - Activation of the cyclic AMP pathway promotes serotonin-induced Ca2+ oscillations in salivary glands of the blowfly Calliphora vicina JF - Cell calcium N2 - Ca2+ and cAMP signalling pathways interact in a complex manner at multiple sites. This crosstalk fine-tunes the spatiotemporal patterns of Ca2+ and cAMP signals. In salivary glands of the blowfly Calliphora vicina fluid secretion is stimulated by serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) via activation of two different 5-HT receptors coupled to the InsP(3)/Ca2+ (Cv5-HT2 alpha) or the cAMP pathway (Cv5-HT7), respectively. We have shown recently in permeabilized gland cells that cAMP sensitizes InsP(3)-induced Ca2+ release to InsP(3). Here we study the effects of the CAMP signalling pathway on 5-HT-induced oscillations in transepithelial potential (TEP) and in intracellular [Ca2+]. We show: (1) Blocking the activation of the cAMP pathway by cinanserin suppresses the generation of TEP and Ca2+ oscillations, (2) application of 8-CPT-cAMP in the presence of cinanserin restores 5-HT-induced TEP and Ca2+ oscillations, (3) 8-CPT-cAMP sensitizes the InsP(3)/Ca2+ signalling pathway to 5-HT and the Cv5-HT2 alpha, receptor agonist 5-MeOT, (4) 8-CPT-cAMP induces Ca2+ oscillations in cells loaded with subthreshold concentrations of InsP(3), (5) inhibition of protein kinase A by H-89 abolishes 5-HT-induced TEP and Ca2+ spiking and mimics the effect of cinanserin. These results suggest that activation of the cyclic AMP pathway promotes the generation of 5-HT-induced Ca2+ oscillations in blowfly salivary glands. KW - Calcium KW - Ca2+ KW - Calcium oscillations KW - cAMP KW - Signalling KW - Crosstalk KW - Salivary gland KW - Calliphora KW - Blowfly KW - Insect Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceca.2012.10.004 SN - 0143-4160 VL - 53 IS - 2 SP - 94 EP - 101 PB - Churchill Livingstone CY - Edinburgh ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Frank, Ulrike A1 - Czepluch, C. A1 - Sticher, H. A1 - Maetzener, F. A1 - Schlaegel, W. A1 - Mäder, M. T1 - Modifiziertes Trachealkanülenmanagement - Platzhaltereinsatz als Option bei erschwerten Dekanülierungen (Pilotprojekt REHAB Basel) JF - Die Rehabilitation : Zeitschrift für Praxis und Forschung in der Rehabilitation N2 - Tracheotomierte Patienten, die sowohl eine Dysphagie als auch respiratorische Defizite aufweisen, haben nach der Dekanülierung häufig Probleme, sich an die translaryngeale Atmung anzupassen. Wir entwickelten ein Dekanülierungsprotokoll für diese Patientengruppe, das optional in unser bestehendes Trachealkanülenmanagement integriert werden kann. Erfüllt ein Patient die hierfür definierten Kriterien, so erfolgt unter laryngoskopischer Kontrolle die Einlage eines Platzhalters, der bis zu 3 Tage in situ verbleibt. Während dieser Probedekanülierungsphase werden die respiratorischen Funktionen und das Speichelmanagement engmaschig überwacht. Auf der Grundlage dieser Evaluation wird dann die Entscheidung für oder gegen eine endgültige Dekanülierung getroffen. Wir stellen den Ablauf, die Kriterienkataloge und die Evaluationsparameter für diese Probedekanülierungsphase vor und illustrieren den Ablauf anhand von 2 Fallbeispielen. KW - decannulation protocol KW - dilatational tracheostomy KW - stoma button KW - respiration KW - dysphagia Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1306290 SN - 0034-3536 VL - 52 IS - 1 SP - 20 EP - 26 PB - Thieme CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sobel, Edward A1 - Chen, Jie A1 - Schoenbohm, Lindsay M. A1 - Thiede, Rasmus Christoph A1 - Stockli, Daniel F. A1 - Sudo, Masafumi A1 - Strecker, Manfred T1 - Oceanic-style subduction controls late Cenozoic deformation of the Northern Pamir orogen JF - Earth & planetary science letters N2 - The northern part of the Pamir orogen is the preeminent example of an active intracontinental subduction zone in the early stages of continent-continent collision. Such zones are the least understood type of plate boundaries because modern examples are few and of limited access, and ancient analogs have been extensively overprinted by subsequent tectonic and erosion processes. In the Pamir, it has been assumed that most of the plate convergence was accommodated by overthrusting along the plate-bounding Main Pamir Thrust (MPT), which forms the principal northern mountain and deformation front of the Pamir. However, the synopsis of our new and previously published thermochronologic data from this region shows that the hanging wall of the MPT experienced relatively minor amounts of late Cenozoic exhumation. The Pamir orogen as a whole is an integral part of the overriding plate in a subduction system, while the remnant basin to the north constitutes the downgoing plate, with the bulk of the convergence accommodated by underthrusting. Herein, we demonstrate that the observed deformation of the upper and lower plates within the Pamir-Alai convergence zone resembles highly arcuate oceanic subduction systems characterized by slab rollback, subduction erosion, subduction accretion, and marginal slab-tear faults. We suggest that the curvature of the North Pamir is genetically linked to the short width and rollback of the south-dipping Alai slab; northward motion (indentation) of the Pamir is accommodated by crustal processes related to this rollback. The onset of south-dipping subduction is tentatively linked to intense Pamir contraction following break-off of the north-dipping Indian slab beneath the Karakoram. KW - subduction accretion KW - subduction erosion KW - exhumation KW - thermochronology KW - intracontinental deformation KW - Pamir Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2012.12.009 SN - 0012-821X VL - 363 IS - 1 SP - 204 EP - 218 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Knapmeyer-Endrun, Brigitte A1 - Krüger, Frank A1 - Legendre, C. P. A1 - Geissler, Wolfram H. T1 - Tracing the influence of the trans-european suture zone into the mantle transition zone JF - Earth & planetary science letters N2 - Cratons with their thick lithospheric roots can influence the thermal structure, and thus the convective flow, in the surrounding mantle. As mantle temperatures are hard to measure directly, depth variations in the mantle transition zone (MTZ) discontinuities are often employed as a proxy. Here, we use a large new data set of P-receiver functions to map the 410 km and 660 km discontinuities beneath the western edge of the East European Craton and adjacent Phanerozoic Europe across the most fundamental lithospheric boundary in Europe, the Trans-European Suture Zone (TESZ). We observe significantly shorter travel times for conversions from both MTZ discontinuities within the craton, caused by the high velocities of the cratonic root. By contrast, the differential travel time across the MTZ is normal to only slightly raised. This implies that any insulating effect of the cratonic keel does not reach the MTZ. In contrast to earlier observations in Siberia, we do not find any trace of a discontinuity at 520 km depth, which indicates a rather dry MTZ beneath the western edge of the craton. Within most of covered Phanerozoic Europe, the MTZ differential travel time is remarkably uniform and in agreement with standard Earth models. No widespread thermal effects of the various episodes of Caledonian and Variscan subduction that took place during the amalgamation of the continent remain. Only more recent tectonic events, related to Alpine subduction and Quarternary volcanism in the Eifel area, can be traced. While the East European craton shows no distinct imprint into the MTZ, we discover the signature of the TESZ in the MTZ in the form of a linear region of about 350 km width with a 1.5 s increase in differential travel time, which could either be caused by high water content or decreased temperature. Taking into account results of recent S-wave tomographies, raised water content in the MTZ cannot be the main cause for this observation. Accordingly, we explain the increase, equivalent to a 15 km thicker MTZ, by a temperature decrease of about 80 K. We discuss two alternative models for this temperature reduction, either a remnant of subduction or an indication of downwelling due to small-scale, edge-driven convection caused by the contrast in lithospheric thickness across the TESZ. Any subducted lithosphere found in the MTZ at this location is unlikely to be related to Variscan subduction along the TESZ, though, as Eurasia has moved significantly northward since the Variscan orogeny. KW - mantle transition zone KW - Trans-European Suture Zone KW - East European Craton KW - edge-driven convection KW - receiver functions Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2012.12.028 SN - 0012-821X SN - 1385-013X VL - 363 SP - 73 EP - 87 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gläser, Stefanie P. A1 - Bolte, Kathrin A1 - Martin, Karin A1 - Busse, Hans-Jürgen A1 - Grossart, Hans-Peter A1 - Kämpfer, Peter A1 - Gläser, Jens T1 - Novosphingobium fuchskuhlense sp nov., isolated from the north-east basin of Lake Grosse Fuchskuhle JF - International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology N2 - A yellow pigmented, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium designated FNE08-7(T) was isolated from subsurface water of the north-east basin of the bog lake Grosse Fuchskuhle (Brandenburg, Germany). A first analysis of the nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis including environmental 16S rRNA gene sequences derived from freshwater ecosystems showed that strain FNE08-7(T) is the first cultured representative, to our knowledge, of the freshwater tribe Novo-A2. Further analysis indicates highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to the type strains of Novosphingobium stygium (98.0%) and Novosphingobium taihuense (97.4%) and between 94.0% and 96.9% sequence similarity to other members of the genus Novosphingobium. Reconstruction of phylogenetic trees showed that strain FNE08-7(T) formed a distinct cluster with the type strains of N. stygium and N. taihuense supported by high bootstrap values. DNA DNA hybridization of strain FNE08-7(T) with N. stygium SMCC B0712(T) and N. taihuense DSM 17507(T) revealed low similarity values of 18.4% (reciprocal: 11.4%) and 23.1% (reciprocal: 54.2%), respectively. The predominant fatty acid of the isolate is C-18:1 omega 7c (56.4%) and two characteristic 2-hydroxy fatty acids, C-14:0 2-OH (16.5%) and C-15:0 2-OH (3.3%) occur. Ubiquinone Q-10 is the major respiratory quinone. The predominant polar lipids are phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, sphingoglycolipid, phosphatidylcholine and minor amounts of diphosphatidylglycerol. Spermidine is the predominant polyamine. Characterization by genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic analysis indicate that strain FNE08-7(T) represents a novel species of the genus Novosphingobium within the Alphaproteobacteria. Therefore, we propose the species Novosphingobium fuchskuhlense sp. nov., with FNE08-7(T) (=DSM 25065(T)=CCM 7978(T)=CCUG 61508(T)) as the type strain. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.043083-0 SN - 1466-5026 VL - 63 SP - 586 EP - 592 PB - Society for General Microbiology CY - Reading ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ignace, Richard A1 - Oskinova, Lida A1 - Massa, D. T1 - A report on the X-ray properties of the tau Sco-like stars JF - Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society N2 - An increasing number of OB stars have been shown to possess magnetic fields. Although the sample remains small, it is surprising that the magnetic and X-ray properties of these stars appear to be far less correlated than expected. This contradicts model predictions, which generally indicate that the X-rays from magnetic stars are harder and more luminous than their non-magnetic counterparts. Instead, the X-ray properties of magnetic OB stars are quite diverse. tau Sco is one example where the expectations are better met. This bright main-sequence, early B star has been studied extensively in a variety of wavebands. It has a surface magnetic field of around 500 G, and Zeeman Doppler tomography has revealed an unusual field configuration. Furthermore, tau Sco displays an unusually hard X-ray spectrum, much harder than similar, non-magnetic OB stars. In addition, the profiles of its UV P Cygni wind lines have long been known to possess a peculiar morphology. Recently, two stars, HD 66665 and HD 63425, whose spectral types and UV wind line profiles are similar to those of tau Sco, have also been determined to be magnetic. In the hope of establishing a magnetic field - X-ray connection for at least a subset of the magnetic stars, we obtained XMM-Newton European Photon Imaging Camera spectra of these two objects. Our results for HD 66665 are somewhat inconclusive. No especially strong hard component is detected; however, the number of source counts is insufficient to rule out hard emission. Longer exposure is needed to assess the nature of the X-rays from this star. On the other hand, we do find that HD 63425 has a substantial hard X-ray component, thereby bolstering its close similarity to tau Sco. KW - stars: early-type KW - stars: individual: HD 63425 KW - stars: individual: HD 66665 KW - stars: magnetic field KW - X-rays: stars Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sts358 SN - 0035-8711 VL - 429 IS - 1 SP - 516 EP - 522 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steinert, Bastian A1 - Cassou, Damien A1 - Hirschfeld, Robert T1 - CoExist overcoming aversion to change preserving immediate access to source code and run-time information of previous development states JF - ACM SIGPLAN notices N2 - Programmers make many changes to the program to eventually find a good solution for a given task. In this course of change, every intermediate development state can of value, when, for example, a promising ideas suddenly turn out inappropriate or the interplay of objects turns out more complex than initially expected before making changes. Programmers would benefit from tool support that provides immediate access to source code and run-time of previous development states of interest. We present IDE extensions, implemented for Squeak/Smalltalk, to preserve, retrieve, and work with this information. With such tool support, programmers can work without worries because they can rely on tools that help them with whatever their explorations will reveal. They no longer have to follow certain best practices only to avoid undesired consequences of changing code. KW - Design KW - Experimentation KW - Human Factors KW - Continuous Testing KW - Continuous Versioning KW - Debugging KW - Evolution KW - Explore-first Programming KW - Fault Localization KW - Prototyping Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/2480360.2384591 SN - 0362-1340 VL - 48 IS - 2 SP - 107 EP - 117 PB - Association for Computing Machinery CY - New York ER -