TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fiener, P.
A1  - Wilken, F.
A1  - Aldana-Jague, E.
A1  - Deumlich, D.
A1  - Gomez, J. A.
A1  - Guzman, G.
A1  - Hardy, R. A.
A1  - Quinton, J. N.
A1  - Sommer, M.
A1  - Van Oost, K.
A1  - Wexler, R.
T1  - Uncertainties in assessing tillage erosion
BT  - how appropriate are our measuring techniques?
JF  - Geomorphology : an international journal on pure and applied geomorphology
N2  - Tillage erosion on arable land is a very important process leading to a net downslope movement of soil and soil constitutes. Tillage erosion rates are commonly in the same order of magnitude as water erosion rates and can be even higher, especially under highly mechanized agricultural soil management. Despite its prevalence and magnitude, tillage erosion is still understudied compared to water erosion. The goal of this study was to bring together experts using different techniques to determine tillage erosion and use the different results to discuss and quantify uncertainties associated with tillage erosion measurements. The study was performed in northeastern Germany on a 10 m by 50 m plot with a mean slope of 8%. Tillage erosion was determined after two sequences of seven tillage operations. Two different micro-tracers (magnetic iron oxide mixed with soil and fluorescent sand) and one macro-tracer (passive radio-frequency identification transponders (RFIDs), size: 4 x 22 mm) were used to directly determine soil fluxes. Moreover, tillage induced changes in topography were measured for the entire plot with two different terrestrial laser scanners and an unmanned aerial system for structure from motion topography analysis. Based on these elevation differences, corresponding soil fluxes were calculated. The mean translocation distance of all techniques was 0.57 m per tillage pass, with a relatively wide range of mean soil translocation distances ranging from 039 to 0.72 m per pass. A benchmark technique could not be identified as all used techniques have individual error sources, which could not be quantified. However, the translocation distances of the macro-tracers used were consistently smaller than the translocation distances of the micro-tracers (mean difference = -26 +/- 12%), which questions the widely used assumption of non-selective soil transport via tillage operations. This study points out that tillage erosion measurements, carried out under almost optimal conditions, are subject to major uncertainties that are far from negligible. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
KW  - Tillage erosion
KW  - Tracer
KW  - UAS
KW  - TLS
KW  - Method comparison
KW  - Measurement uncertainty
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.12.031
SN  - 0169-555X
SN  - 1872-695X
VL  - 304
SP  - 214
EP  - 225
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  -