TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gerth, Sabrina
A1  - Dolk, Thomas
A1  - Klassert, Annegret
A1  - Fliesser, Michael
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
A1  - Nottbusch, Guido
A1  - Festman, Julia
T1  - Adapting to the surface: A comparison of handwriting measures when writing on a tablet computer and on paper
JF  - Human movement science : a journal devoted to pure and applied research on human movement
N2  - Our study addresses the following research questions: Are there differences between handwriting movements on paper and on a tablet computer? Can experienced writers, such as most adults, adapt their graphomotor execution during writing to a rather unfamiliar surface for instance a tablet computer? We examined the handwriting performance of adults in three tasks with different complexity: (a) graphomotor abilities, (b) visuomotor abilities and (c) handwriting. Each participant performed each task twice, once on paper and once on a tablet computer with a pen. We tested 25 participants by measuring their writing duration, in air time, number of pen lifts, writing velocity and number of inversions in velocity. The data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects modeling with repeated measures. Our results reveal differences between writing on paper and on a tablet computer which were partly task-dependent. Our findings also show that participants were able to adapt their graphomotor execution to the smoother surface of the tablet computer during the tasks. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
KW  - Handwriting
KW  - Movement kinematics
KW  - Tablet computer
KW  - Handwriting movements adaptation
KW  - Graphomotor execution
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2016.04.006
SN  - 0167-9457
SN  - 1872-7646
VL  - 48
SP  - 62
EP  - 73
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  -