TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bär, Markus
A1  - Großmann, Robert
A1  - Heidenreich, Sebastian
A1  - Peruani, Fernando
T1  - Self-propelled rods
BT  - insights and perspectives for active matter
JF  - Annual review of condensed matter physics
N2  - A wide range of experimental systems including gliding, swarming and swimming bacteria, in vitro motility assays, and shaken granular media are commonly described as self-propelled rods. Large ensembles of those entities display a large variety of self-organized, collective phenomena, including the formation of moving polar clusters, polar and nematic dynamic bands, mobility-induced phase separation, topological defects, and mesoscale turbulence, among others. Here, we give a brief survey of experimental observations and review the theoretical description of self-propelled rods. Our focus is on the emergent pattern formation of ensembles of dry self-propelled rods governed by short-ranged, contact mediated interactions and their wet counterparts that are also subject to long-ranged hydrodynamic flows. Altogether, self-propelled rods provide an overarching theme covering many aspects of active matter containing well-explored limiting cases. Their collective behavior not only bridges the well-studied regimes of polar selfpropelled particles and active nematics, and includes active phase separation, but also reveals a rich variety of new patterns.
KW  - collective motion
KW  - statistical physics
KW  - biological physics
KW  - nonequilibrium physics
KW  - stochastic processes
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031119-050611
SN  - 1947-5454
SN  - 1947-5462
VL  - 11
SP  - 441
EP  - 466
PB  - Annual Reviews
CY  - Palo Alto
ER  -