42429
2018
2019
eng
31
655
postprint
1
2019-02-27
2019-02-27
--
Power spectral density of a single Brownian trajectory
The power spectral density (PSD) of any time-dependent stochastic processX (t) is ameaningful feature of its spectral content. In its text-book definition, the PSD is the Fourier transform of the covariance function of X-t over an infinitely large observation timeT, that is, it is defined as an ensemble-averaged property taken in the limitT -> infinity. Alegitimate question is what information on the PSD can be reliably obtained from single-trajectory experiments, if one goes beyond the standard definition and analyzes the PSD of a single trajectory recorded for a finite observation timeT. In quest for this answer, for a d-dimensional Brownian motion (BM) we calculate the probability density function of a single-trajectory PSD for arbitrary frequency f, finite observation time T and arbitrary number k of projections of the trajectory on different axes. We show analytically that the scaling exponent for the frequency-dependence of the PSD specific to an ensemble of BM trajectories can be already obtained from a single trajectory, while the numerical amplitude in the relation between the ensemble-averaged and single-trajectory PSDs is afluctuating property which varies from realization to realization. The distribution of this amplitude is calculated exactly and is discussed in detail. Our results are confirmed by numerical simulations and single-particle tracking experiments, with remarkably good agreement. In addition we consider a truncated Wiener representation of BM, and the case of a discrete-time lattice random walk. We highlight some differences in the behavior of a single-trajectory PSD for BM and for the two latter situations. The framework developed herein will allow for meaningful physical analysis of experimental stochastic trajectories.
Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
what one can and cannot learn from it
10.25932/publishup-42429
urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-424296
1866-8372
online registration
023029
New Journal of Physics 20 (2018), Art. 023029 DOI 10.1088/1367-2630/aaa67c
<a href="http://publishup.uni-potsdam.de/53576">Bibliographieeintrag der Originalveröffentlichung/Quelle</a>
CC-BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International
Diego Krapf
Enzo Marinari
Ralf Metzler
Gleb Oshanin
Xinran Xu
Alessio Squarcini
Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
655
eng
uncontrolled
power spectral density
eng
uncontrolled
single-trajectory analysis
eng
uncontrolled
probability density function
eng
uncontrolled
exact results
Physik
open_access
Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät
Referiert
Open Access
Universität Potsdam
https://publishup.uni-potsdam.de/files/42429/pmnr655.pdf
58596
2022
2022
eng
10
1313
postprint
1
2023-03-28
2023-03-28
--
Towards a robust criterion of anomalous diffusion
Anomalous-diffusion, the departure of the spreading dynamics of diffusing particles from the traditional law of Brownian-motion, is a signature feature of a large number of complex soft-matter and biological systems. Anomalous-diffusion emerges due to a variety of physical mechanisms, e.g., trapping interactions or the viscoelasticity of the environment. However, sometimes systems dynamics are erroneously claimed to be anomalous, despite the fact that the true motion is Brownian—or vice versa. This ambiguity in establishing whether the dynamics as normal or anomalous can have far-reaching consequences, e.g., in predictions for reaction- or relaxation-laws. Demonstrating that a system exhibits normal- or anomalous-diffusion is highly desirable for a vast host of applications. Here, we present a criterion for anomalous-diffusion based on the method of power-spectral analysis of single trajectories. The robustness of this criterion is studied for trajectories of fractional-Brownian-motion, a ubiquitous stochastic process for the description of anomalous-diffusion, in the presence of two types of measurement errors. In particular, we find that our criterion is very robust for subdiffusion. Various tests on surrogate data in absence or presence of additional positional noise demonstrate the efficacy of this method in practical contexts. Finally, we provide a proof-of-concept based on diverse experiments exhibiting both normal and anomalous-diffusion.
Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
10.25932/publishup-58596
urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-585967
1866-8372
Version of record
Metzler, Ralf
<a href="https://publishup.uni-potsdam.de/58597">Bibliographieeintrag der Originalveröffentlichung/Quelle</a>
CC-BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International
Vittoria Sposini
Diego Krapf
Enzo Marinari
Raimon Sunyer
Felix Ritort
Fereydoon Taheri
Christine Selhuber-Unkel
Rebecca Benelli
Matthias Weiss
Ralf Metzler
Gleb Oshanin
Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
1313
Physik
open_access
Institut für Physik und Astronomie
Referiert
Green Open-Access
Universität Potsdam
https://publishup.uni-potsdam.de/files/58596/zmnr1313.pdf