51062
2019
2019
eng
17
43
27
1
7
article
Copernicus
Göttingen
1
--
--
--
Long-profile evolution of transport-limited gravel-bed rivers
Alluvial and transport-limited bedrock rivers constitute the majority of fluvial systems on Earth. Their long profiles hold clues to their present state and past evolution. We currently possess first-principles-based governing equations for flow, sediment transport, and channel morphodynamics in these systems, which we lack for detachment-limited bedrock rivers. Here we formally couple these equations for transport-limited gravel-bed river long-profile evolution. The result is a new predictive relationship whose functional form and parameters are grounded in theory and defined through experimental data. From this, we produce a power-law analytical solution and a finite-difference numerical solution to long-profile evolution. Steady-state channel concavity and steepness are diagnostic of external drivers: concavity decreases with increasing uplift rate, and steepness increases with an increasing sediment-to-water supply ratio. Constraining free parameters explains common observations of river form: to match observed channel concavities, gravel-sized sediments must weather and fine - typically rapidly - and valleys typically should widen gradually. To match the empirical square-root width-discharge scaling in equilibrium-width gravel-bed rivers, downstream fining must occur. The ability to assign a cause to such observations is the direct result of a deductive approach to developing equations for landscape evolution.
Earth surface dynamics
10.5194/esurf-7-17-2019
2196-6311
2196-632X
wos:2019
WOS:000455732800002
Wickert, AD (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.; Wickert, AD (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, St Anthony Falls Lab, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA., awickert@umn.edu
Emmy-Noether-Programme of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [SCHI 1241/1-1]
2021-06-21T12:08:06+00:00
sword
importub
filename=package.tar
d7b29a828c8cc9b4386d90efaef7db8e
<a href="https://doi.org/10.25932/publishup-42571">Zweitveröffentlichung in der Schriftenreihe Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe ; 680 </a>
false
true
CC-BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International
Andrew D. Wickert
Taylor F. Schildgen
Geowissenschaften
Institut für Geowissenschaften
Referiert
Import
Gold Open-Access
DOAJ gelistet
52493
2018
2018
eng
89
93
16
7712
559
article
Nature Publ. Group
London
1
2018-07-04
2018-07-04
--
Spatial correlation bias in late-Cenozoic erosion histories derived from thermochronology
The potential link between erosion rates at the Earth’s surface and changes in global climate has intrigued geoscientists for decades1,2 because such a coupling has implications for the influence of silicate weathering3,4 and organic-carbon burial5 on climate and for the role of Quaternary glaciations in landscape evolution1,6. A global increase in late-Cenozoic erosion rates in response to a cooling, more variable climate has been proposed on the basis of worldwide sedimentation rates7. Other studies have indicated, however, that global erosion rates may have remained steady, suggesting that the reported increases in sediment-accumulation rates are due to preservation biases, depositional hiatuses and varying measurement intervals8,9,10. More recently, a global compilation of thermochronology data has been used to infer a nearly twofold increase in the erosion rate in mountainous landscapes over late-Cenozoic times6. It has been contended that this result is free of the biases that affect sedimentary records11, although others have argued that it contains biases related to how thermochronological data are averaged12 and to erosion hiatuses in glaciated landscapes13. Here we investigate the 30 locations with reported accelerated erosion during the late Cenozoic6. Our analysis shows that in 23 of these locations, the reported increases are a result of a spatial correlation bias—that is, combining data with disparate exhumation histories, thereby converting spatial erosion-rate variations into temporal increases. In four locations, the increases can be explained by changes in tectonic boundary conditions. In three cases, climatically induced accelerations are recorded, driven by localized glacial valley incision. Our findings suggest that thermochronology data currently have insufficient resolution to assess whether late-Cenozoic climate change affected erosion rates on a global scale. We suggest that a synthesis of local findings that include location-specific information may help to further investigate drivers of global erosion rates.
Nature : the international weekly journal of science
10.1038/s41586-018-0260-6
29973732
0028-0836
1476-4687
wos:2018
WOS:000437267400045
Schildgen, TF (reprint author), IGFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, Potsdam, Germany.; Schildgen, TF (reprint author), Univ Potsdam, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Potsdam, Germany., tschild@gfz-potsdam.de
Emmy Noether Program of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)German Initiative and Networking Fund; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF); DFGGerman Research Foundation (DFG) [TH 1371/5-1]
2021-11-02T09:25:13+00:00
sword
importub
filename=package.tar
79480d43e606bf034919dc76f83b5b06
Schildgen, Taylor F.
Taylor F. Schildgen
Pieter A. van der Beek
Hugh D. Sinclair
Rasmus Christoph Thiede
Geowissenschaften
Institut für Geowissenschaften
Import
53757
2017
2017
eng
39
51
13
483
article
Elsevier
Amsterdam
1
2017-12-13
2017-12-13
--
Coupling erosion and topographic development in the rainiest place on Earth
The uplift of the Shillong Plateau, in northeast India between the Bengal floodplain and the Himalaya Mountains, has had a significant impact on regional precipitation patterns, strain partitioning, and the path of the Brahmaputra River. Today, the plateau receives the highest measured yearly rainfall in the world and is tectonically active, having hosted one of the strongest intra-plate earthquakes ever recorded. Despite the unique tectonic and climatic setting of this prominent landscape feature, its exhumation and surface uplift history are poorly constrained. We collected 14 detrital river sand and 3 bedrock samples from the southern margin of the Shillong Plateau to measure erosion rates using the terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide 10Be. The calculated bedrock erosion rates range from 2.0 to 5.6 m My−1, whereas catchment average erosion rates from detrital river sands range from 48 to 214 m My−1. These rates are surprisingly low in the context of steep, tectonically active slopes and extreme rainfall. Moreover, the highest among these rates, which occur on the low-relief plateau surface, appear to have been affected by anthropogenic land-use change. To determine the onset of surface uplift, we coupled the catchment averaged erosion rates with topographic analyses of the plateau's southern margin. We interpolated an inclined, pre-incision surface from minimally eroded remnants along the valley interfluves and calculated the eroded volume of the valleys carved beneath the surface. The missing volume was then divided by the volume flux derived from the erosion rates to obtain the onset of uplift. The results of this calculation, ranging from 3.0 to 5.0 Ma for individual valleys, are in agreement with several lines of stratigraphic evidence from the Brahmaputra and Bengal basin that constrain the onset of topographic uplift, specifically the onset of flexural loading and the transgression from deltaic to marine deposition. Ultimately, our data corroborate the hypothesis that surface uplift was decoupled from the onset of rapid exhumation, which occurred several millions of years earlier.
Earth & planetary science letters
Reconstructing the Shillong Plateau uplift history with in-situ cosmogenic Be-10
10.1016/j.epsl.2017.11.047
0012-821X
1385-013X
wos:2018
WOS:000424173100004
Rosenkranz, R (reprint author), Univ Bremen, Geodynam Polar Reg, Klagenfurter Str, D-28359 Bremen, Germany., ruben.rosenkranz@uni-bremen.de
Marie Curie Initial Training Network iTECC - EU REA [316966]; Emmy Noether Programm of the German Science Foundation [1241/1-1]
2022-02-04T10:40:15+00:00
sword
importub
filename=package.tar
Rosenkranz, Ruben
false
true
Ruben Rosenkranz
Taylor F. Schildgen
Hella Wittmann
Cornelia Spiegel
eng
uncontrolled
river profile analysis
eng
uncontrolled
land-use change
eng
uncontrolled
Be-10
eng
uncontrolled
orographic rainfall
eng
uncontrolled
erosion
Geowissenschaften
Referiert
Institut für Umweltwissenschaften und Geographie
Import
52307
2018
2018
eng
231
236
6
4
14
article
Mineralogical Society of America
Chantilly
1
2018-07-28
--
--
The topographic evolution of the central andes
Changes in topography on Earth, particularly the growth of major mountain belts like the Central Andes, have a fundamental impact on regional and global atmospheric circulation patterns. These patterns, in turn, affect processes such as precipitation, erosion, and sedimentation. Over the last two decades, various geochemical, geomorphologic, and geologic approaches have helped identify when, where, and how quickly topography has risen in the past. The current spatio-temporal picture of Central Andean growth is now providing insight into which deep-Earth processes have left their imprint on the shape of the Earth's surface.
Elements : an international magazine of mineralogy, geochemistry, and petrology
10.2138/gselements.14.4.231
1811-5209
1811-5217
wos:2018
WOS:000448617200003
Schildgen, TF (reprint author), GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany., tschild@gfz-potsdam.de; gdhoke@syr.edu
2021-10-20T07:12:43+00:00
sword
importub
filename=package.tar
7f008f07999072819681475a0182eadd
false
true
Taylor F. Schildgen
Gregory D. Hoke
eng
uncontrolled
paleoaltimetry
eng
uncontrolled
stable isotopes
eng
uncontrolled
relief development
eng
uncontrolled
river incision
eng
uncontrolled
landscape evolution
Geowissenschaften
Institut für Geowissenschaften
Referiert
Import
52351
2018
2018
eng
225
230
6
4
14
article
Mineralogical Society of America
Chantilly
1
--
2018-07-28
--
The central Andes
The Central Andes and the Atacama Desert represent a unique geological, climatic, and magmatic setting on our planet. It is the only place on Earth where subduction of an oceanic plate below an active continental margin has led to an extensive mountain chain and an orogenic plateau that is second in size only to the Tibetan Plateau, which resulted from continental collision. In this article, we introduce the history of the Central Andes and the evolution of its landscape. We also discuss links between tectonic forces, magmatism, and the extreme hyperarid climate of this land that, in turn, has led to rich deposits of precious ores and minerals.
Elements : an international magazine of mineralogy, geochemistry, and petrology
elements of an extreme land
10.2138/gselements.14.4.225
1811-5209
1811-5217
wos:2018
WOS:000448617200002
Worner, G (reprint author), Univ Gottingen, Abt Geochem, Geowissensch Zentrum, Goldschmidtstr 1, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany., gwoerne@gwdg.de; tschild@gfz-potsdam.de; mreich@ing.uchile.cl
2021-10-22T06:28:58+00:00
sword
importub
filename=package.tar
68e7597ab0779cd2c80fe4afdc57ed2a
false
true
Gerhard Wörner
Taylor F. Schildgen
Martin Reich
eng
uncontrolled
volcanism
eng
uncontrolled
active continental margin
eng
uncontrolled
tectonic shortening
eng
uncontrolled
uplift and erosion
eng
uncontrolled
hyperaridity
eng
uncontrolled
mineral deposits
Geowissenschaften
Institut für Geowissenschaften
Referiert
Import
35168
2013
2013
eng
323
326
4
3
41
article
American Institute of Physics
Boulder
1
--
--
--
Refining the mediterranean "Messinian gap" with high-precision U-Pb zircon geochronology, central and northern Italy
Astronomically tuned cyclic sedimentary successions provide unprecedented insight into the temporal evolution of depositional systems and major geologic events. However, placing astronomically calibrated records into an absolute time frame with confidence requires independent and precise geochronologic constraints. Astronomical tuning of the precessionally modulated sedimentary cycles of the Mediterranean Basin deposited during the Messinian Salinity Crisis (5.96-5.33 Ma) has indicated an similar to 90 k.y. "Messinian gap", corresponding to the evaporative drawdown of the Mediterranean following the closure of the Mediterranean-Atlantic gateway. In the Messinian deposits, a volcanic ash dated by Ar-40/Ar-39 geochronology was used to anchor the sedimentary cycles to the insolation curve. However, the uncertainty of the Ar-40/Ar-39 date introduces a potential two-cycle (similar to 40 k.y.) uncertainty in the tuning. Using high-precision chemical abrasion-thermal ionization mass spectrometry (CA-TIMS) U-Pb geochronology on single zircon grains from two Messinian ash layers in Italy, we obtained dates of 5.5320 +/- 0.0046 Ma and 5.5320 +/- 0.0074 Ma with sub-precessional resolution. Combined with our astronomical tuning of the Messinian Lower Evaporites, the results refine the duration of the "Messinian gap" to at most 28 or 58 +/- 9.6 k.y., which correlates with either the TG12 glacial interval alone, or both TG12 and TG14 glacial intervals, supporting the hypothesis of a glacio-eustatic contribution in fully isolating the Mediterranean from the Atlantic Ocean. Our new U-Pb dates also allow us to infer a precessionally modulated cyclicity for the post-evaporitic deposits, and hence enable us to tune those successions to the insolation curve.
Geology
10.1130/G33820.1
0091-7613
wos:2011-2013
WOS:000317907500009
Cosentino, D (reprint author), Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Sci Geol, I-00154 Rome, Italy.
Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MiUR); U.S.
National Science Foundation [EAR 0931839]
Domenico Cosentino
Robert Buchwaldt
Gianluca Sampalmieri
Annalisa Iadanza
Paola Cipollari
Taylor F. Schildgen
Linda A. Hinnov
Jahandar Ramezani
Samuel A. Bowring
Institut für Geowissenschaften
Referiert
Institut für Erd- und Umweltwissenschaften
31895
2009
2009
eng
article
1
--
--
--
Quantifying canyon incision and Andean Plateau surface uplift, southwest Peru : a thermochronometer and numerical modeling approach
Apatite and zircon (U-Th)/He ages from Ocona canyon at the western margin of the Central Andean plateau record rock cooling histories induced by a major phase of canyon incision. We quantify the timing and magnitude of incision by integrating previously published ages from the valley bottom with 19 new sample ages from four valley wall transects. Interpretation of the incision history from cooling ages is complicated by a southwest to northeast increase in temperatures at the base of the crust due to subduction and volcanism. Furthermore, the large magnitude of incision leads to additional three-dimensional variations in the thermal field. We address these complications with finite element thermal and thermochronometer age prediction models to quantify the range of topographic evolution scenarios consistent with observed cooling ages. Comparison of 275 model simulations to observed cooling ages and regional heat flow determinations identify a best fit history with <= 0.2 km of incision in the forearc region prior to similar to 14 Ma and up to 3.0 km of incision starting between 7 and 11 Ma. Incision starting at 7 Ma requires incision to end by similar to 5.5 to 6 Ma. However, a 2.2 Ma age on a volcanic flow on the current valley floor and 5 Ma gravels on the uplifted piedmont surface together suggest that incision ended during the time span between 2.2 and 5 Ma. These additional constraints for incision end time lead to a range of best fit incision onset times between 8 and 11 Ma, which must coincide with or postdate surface uplift.
http://www.agu.org/journals/jf/
10.1029/2009jf001305
0148-0227
allegro:1991-2014
10108244
Journal of geophysical research : earth surface. - ISSN 0148-0227. - 114 (2009), Art. F04014
Taylor F. Schildgen
Todd A. Ehlers
David M. Whipp
Matthijs C. van Soest
Kelin X. Whipple
Kip V. Hodges
Institut für Geowissenschaften
Referiert
Institut für Erd- und Umweltwissenschaften
31896
2009
2009
eng
article
1
--
--
--
Late Cenozoic structural and tectonic development of the western margin of the central Andean Plateau in southwest Peru
Structural and thermochronologic studies of the western margin of the central Andean Plateau show changing styles of deformation through time that give insights into tectonic evolution. In southwest Peru, uplift of the plateau proceeded in several distinct phases. First, NW striking, NE dipping reverse faults accommodated uplift prior to similar to 14-16 Ma. Subsequent uplift of the plateau relative to the piedmont (between the plateau and the Pacific Ocean) occurred between similar to 14 and 2.2 Ma and was accommodated by NW striking, SW dipping normal faults and subparallel monoclinal folds. The youngest phase of uplift affected the piedmont region and the plateau margin as a coherent block. Although the uplift magnitude associated with phase 1 is unknown, phases 2 and 3 resulted in at least 2.4-3.0 km of uplift. Up to 1 km of this may have occurred during phase 3. Geodynamic processes occurring in both the continental interior and the subduction zone likely contributed to uplift.
http://www.agu.org/journals/tc/
10.1029/2008tc002403
0278-7407
allegro:1991-2014
10108245
Tectonics. - ISSN 0278-7407. - 28 (2009), Art. TC4007
Taylor F. Schildgen
Kip V. Hodges
Kelin X. Whipple
Malcolm S. Pringle
Matthijs van Soest
Katrina Cornell
Institut für Geowissenschaften
Referiert
Institut für Erd- und Umweltwissenschaften
38749
2015
2015
eng
145
159
15
241
article
Elsevier
Amsterdam
1
--
--
--
Evaluation of morphometric proxies for uplift on sequences of coral reef terraces: A case study from Sumba Island (Indonesia)
Sequences of coral reef terraces characterized by staircase morphologies and a homogeneous lithology make them appropriate to isolate the influence of uplift on drainage morphology. Along the northern coast of Sumba Island, Indonesia, we investigated the correlations between landscape morphology and uplift rates, which range from 0.02 to 0.6 mm.yr(-1). We studied eight morphometric indices at two scales: whole island (similar to 11,000 km(2)) and within sequences of reefal terraces (similar to 3000 km(2)). At the latter scale, we extracted morphometric indices for 15 individual catchments draining mostly the reefal terraces and for 30 areas undergoing specific ranges of uplift rates draining only the reefal terraces. Indices extracted from digital elevation models include residual relief, incision, stream gradient indices (SL and k(sn)), the hypsometric integral, drainage area, mean relief, and the shape factor. We find that SL, the hypsometric integral, mean relief and the shape factor of catchments positively correlate with uplift rates, whereas incision, residual relief, and k(sn) do not. More precisely, we find that only the areas that are uplifting at a rate faster than 03 mm.yr(-1) can yield the extreme values for these indices, implying that these extreme values are indicative of fast uplifting areas. However, the relationship is not bivalent because any uplift rate can be associated with low values of the same indices. For all indices, the transient conditions of the drainage influence the correlation with Pleistocene mean uplift rates, illustrating the necessity to extract morphometric indices with an appropriate choice of catchment scale. This type of analysis helps to identify the morphometric indices that are most useful for tectonic analysis in areas of unknown uplift, allowing for easy identification of short spatial variations of uplift rate and detection of areas with relatively fast uplift rates in unstudied coastal zones. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Geomorphology : an international journal on pure and applied geomorphology
10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.03.036
0169-555X
1872-695X
wos:2015
WOS:000357145100012
Nexer, M (reprint author), Normandie Univ, Lab M2C, 24 Rue Tilleuls, F-14000 Caen, France., maelle.nexer@unicaen.fr
ANR GiSeLE [JCJC 601 01]
Maelle Nexer
Christine Authemayou
Taylor F. Schildgen
Wahyoe S. Hantoro
Stephane Molliex
Bernard Delcaillau
Kevin Pedoja
Laurent Husson
Vincent Regard
eng
uncontrolled
Drainage morphometry
eng
uncontrolled
Coral reef terraces
eng
uncontrolled
Uplift
eng
uncontrolled
Pleistocene
eng
uncontrolled
Sumba Island
eng
uncontrolled
Indonesia
Institut für Geowissenschaften
Referiert
Institut für Erd- und Umweltwissenschaften
44990
2016
2016
eng
2052
2069
18
35
article
American Geophysical Union
Washington
1
--
--
--
Crustal-scale block tilting during Andean trench-parallel extension: Structural and geo-thermochronological insights
Despite a long history of plate convergence at the western margin of the South American plate that has been ongoing since at least the Early Paleozoic, the southern Peruvian fore-arc displays little to no evidence of shortening. In the light of this observation, we assess the deformation history of the southern Peruvian fore-arc and its geodynamic implications. To accomplish this, we present a new structural and geo-thermochronological data set (zircon U-Pb, mica Ar-40/Ar-39, apatite and zircon fission-track and zircon (U-Th)/He analyses) for samples collected along a 400km long transect parallel to the trench. Our results show that the Mesoproterozoic gneissic basement was mainly at temperatures 350 degrees C since the Neoproterozoic and was later intruded by Jurassic volcanic arc plutons. Along the coast, a peculiar apatite fission-track age pattern, coupled with field observations and a synthesis of available geological maps, allows us to identify crustal-scale tilted blocks that span the coastal Peruvian fore-arc. These blocks, bounded by normal faults that are orthogonal to the trench, suggest post-60Ma trench-parallel extension that potentially accommodated oroclinal bending in this region. Block tilting is consistent with the observed and previously described switch in the location of sedimentary sources in the fore-arc basin. Our data set allows us to estimate the cumulative slip on these faults to be less than 2km and questions the large amount of trench-parallel extension suggested to have accommodated this bending.
Tectonics
10.1002/2016TC004231
0278-7407
1944-9194
wos2016:2019
WOS:000385861300004
Noury, M (reprint author), Univ Grenoble Alpes, ISTerre, Grenoble, France.; Noury, M (reprint author), Univ Antilles, Geosci Montpellier, Pointe a Pitre, Guadeloupe.; Noury, M (reprint author), CNRS, ISTerre, Grenoble, France., melanienoury@gmail.com
INSU Syster program; "Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement" (IRD)
importub
2020-03-22T14:47:02+00:00
filename=package.tar
eea95c6576d6835c82e03889a4db65c3
M. Noury
M. Bernet
Taylor F. Schildgen
T. Simon-Labric
M. Philippon
T. Sempere
eng
uncontrolled
Central Andes
eng
uncontrolled
Peruvian fore arc
eng
uncontrolled
thermochronology
eng
uncontrolled
trench-parallel extension
eng
uncontrolled
oroclinal bending
Institut für Geowissenschaften
Referiert
Institut für Erd- und Umweltwissenschaften
Import