43568
2019
2019
eng
2003
2031
29
746
postprint
1
2019-10-02
2019-10-02
--
Global NO and HONO emissions of biological soil crusts estimated by a process-based non-vascular vegetation model
The reactive trace gases nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous acid (HONO) are crucial for chemical processes in the atmosphere, including the formation of ozone and OH radicals, oxidation of pollutants, and atmospheric self-cleaning. Recently, empirical studies have shown that biological soil crusts are able to emit large amounts of NO and HONO, and they may therefore play an important role in the global budget of these trace gases. However, the upscaling of local estimates to the global scale is subject to large uncertainties, due to unknown spatial distribution of crust types and their dynamic metabolic activity. Here, we perform an alternative estimate of global NO and HONO emissions by biological soil crusts, using a process-based modelling approach to these organisms, combined with global data sets of climate and land cover. We thereby consider that NO and HONO are emitted in strongly different proportions, depending on the type of crust and their dynamic activity, and we provide a first estimate of the global distribution of four different crust types. Based on this, we estimate global total values of 1.04 Tg yr⁻¹ NO–N and 0.69 Tg yr⁻¹ HONO–N released by biological soil crusts. This corresponds to around 20% of global emissions of these trace gases from natural ecosystems. Due to the low number of observations on NO and HONO emissions suitable to validate the model, our estimates are still relatively uncertain. However, they are consistent with the amount estimated by the empirical approach, which confirms that biological soil crusts are likely to have a strong impact on global atmospheric chemistry via emissions of NO and HONO.
Postprints der Universität Potsdam Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
10.25932/publishup-43568
urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-435682
1866-8372
Biogeosciences 16 (2019) S. 2003–2031 DOI: 10.5194/bg-16-2003-2019
<a href="http://publishup.uni-potsdam.de/opus4-ubp/frontdoor/index/index/docId/43567">Bibliographieeintrag der Originalveröffentlichung/Quelle</a>
false
true
CC-BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International
Philipp Porada
Alexandra Tamm
Jose Raggio
Cheng Yafang
Axel Kleidon
Ulrich Pöschl
Bettina Weber
Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
746
eng
uncontrolled
net primary productivity
eng
uncontrolled
hilly loes plateau
eng
uncontrolled
mojave desert
eng
uncontrolled
spatial-distribution
eng
uncontrolled
nitrous-oxide
eng
uncontrolled
succulent karoo
eng
uncontrolled
inner-mongolia
eng
uncontrolled
carbon
eng
uncontrolled
lichens
eng
uncontrolled
bryophytes
Geowissenschaften
Biowissenschaften; Biologie
open_access
Institut für Biochemie und Biologie
Referiert
Open Access
Universität Potsdam
https://publishup.uni-potsdam.de/files/43568/pmnr746.pdf
43567
2019
2019
eng
2003
2031
29
16
article
Copernicus Publ.
Göttingen
1
2019-05-15
2019-05-15
--
Global NO and HONO emissions of biological soil crusts estimated by a process-based non-vascular vegetation model
The reactive trace gases nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous acid (HONO) are crucial for chemical processes in the atmosphere, including the formation of ozone and OH radicals, oxidation of pollutants, and atmospheric self-cleaning. Recently, empirical studies have shown that biological soil crusts are able to emit large amounts of NO and HONO, and they may therefore play an important role in the global budget of these trace gases. However, the upscaling of local estimates to the global scale is subject to large uncertainties, due to unknown spatial distribution of crust types and their dynamic metabolic activity. Here, we perform an alternative estimate of global NO and HONO emissions by biological soil crusts, using a process-based modelling approach to these organisms, combined with global data sets of climate and land cover. We thereby consider that NO and HONO are emitted in strongly different proportions, depending on the type of crust and their dynamic activity, and we provide a first estimate of the global distribution of four different crust types. Based on this, we estimate global total values of 1.04 Tg yr⁻¹ NO–N and 0.69 Tg yr⁻¹ HONO–N released by biological soil crusts. This corresponds to around 20% of global emissions of these trace gases from natural ecosystems. Due to the low number of observations on NO and HONO emissions suitable to validate the model, our estimates are still relatively uncertain. However, they are consistent with the amount estimated by the empirical approach, which confirms that biological soil crusts are likely to have a strong impact on global atmospheric chemistry via emissions of NO and HONO.
Biogeosciences
10.5194/bg-16-2003-2019
1726-4170
1726-4189
Universität Potsdam
PA 2019_42
1924.23
<a href="http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-435682">Zweitveröffentlichung in der Schriftenreihe Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe ; 746</a>
false
false
CC-BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International
Philipp Porada
Alexandra Tamm
Jose Raggio
Cheng Yafang
Axel Kleidon
Ulrich Pöschl
Bettina Weber
eng
uncontrolled
net primary productivity
eng
uncontrolled
hilly loes plateau
eng
uncontrolled
mojave desert
eng
uncontrolled
spatial-distribution
eng
uncontrolled
nitrous-oxide
eng
uncontrolled
succulent karoo
eng
uncontrolled
inner-mongolia
eng
uncontrolled
carbon
eng
uncontrolled
lichens
eng
uncontrolled
bryophytes
Geowissenschaften
Biowissenschaften; Biologie
open_access
Institut für Biochemie und Biologie
Referiert
Publikationsfonds der Universität Potsdam
Open Access