44827
2016
2016
eng
12
7
article
Frontiers Research Foundation
Lausanne
1
--
--
--
A Model Analysis of Mechanisms for Radial Microtubular Patterns at Root Hair Initiation Sites
Plant cells have two main modes of growth generating anisotropic structures. Diffuse growth where whole cell walls extend in specific directions, guided by anisotropically positioned cellulose fibers, and tip growth, with inhomogeneous addition of new cell wall material at the tip of the structure. Cells are known to regulate these processes via molecular signals and the cytoskeleton. Mechanical stress has been proposed to provide an input to the positioning of the cellulose fibers via cortical microtubules in diffuse growth. In particular, a stress feedback model predicts a circumferential pattern of fibers surrounding apical tissues and growing primordia, guided by the anisotropic curvature in such tissues. In contrast, during the initiation of tip growing root hairs, a star-like radial pattern has recently been observed. Here, we use detailed finite element models to analyze how a change in mechanical properties at the root hair initiation site can lead to star-like stress patterns in order to understand whether a stress-based feedback model can also explain the microtubule patterns seen during root hair initiation. We show that two independent mechanisms, individually or combined, can be sufficient to generate radial patterns. In the first, new material is added locally at the position of the root hair. In the second, increased tension in the initiation area provides a mechanism. Finally, we describe how a molecular model of Rho-of-plant (ROP) GTPases activation driven by auxin can position a patch of activated ROP protein basally along a 2D root epidermal cell plasma membrane, paving the way for models where mechanical and molecular mechanisms cooperate in the initial placement and outgrowth of root hairs.
Frontiers in plant science
10.3389/fpls.2016.01560
27840629
1664-462X
wos2016:2019
1560
WOS:000386484400001
Krupinski, P (reprint author), Lund Univ, Dept Astron & Theoret Phys, Computat Biol & Biol Phys, Lund, Sweden., pawel.krupinski@thep.lu.se
Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation [KAW 2012.0050]; Swedish Research Council [VR2013-4632]; Gatsby Charitable Foundation [GAT3395/PR4]
importub
2020-03-22T13:26:02+00:00
filename=package.tar
5bcfffc5ccdfe60baff58d6d3dba4a38
Pawel Krupinski
Behruz Bozorg
Andre Larsson
Stefano Pietra
Markus Grebe
Henrik Jönsson
eng
uncontrolled
plant cell wall
eng
uncontrolled
finite element modeling
eng
uncontrolled
computational morphodynamics
eng
uncontrolled
root hair initiation
eng
uncontrolled
microtubules
eng
uncontrolled
cellulose fibers
eng
uncontrolled
composite material
Institut für Biochemie und Biologie
Referiert
Import
40718
2016
2018
eng
12
postprint
1
2018-06-18
2018-06-18
--
A model analysis of mechanisms for radial microtubular patterns at root hair initiation sites
Plant cells have two main modes of growth generating anisotropic structures. Diffuse growth where whole cell walls extend in specific directions, guided by anisotropically positioned cellulose fibers, and tip growth, with inhomogeneous addition of new cell wall material at the tip of the structure. Cells are known to regulate these processes via molecular signals and the cytoskeleton. Mechanical stress has been proposed to provide an input to the positioning of the cellulose fibers via cortical microtubules in diffuse growth. In particular, a stress feedback model predicts a circumferential pattern of fibers surrounding apical tissues and growing primordia, guided by the anisotropic curvature in such tissues. In contrast, during the initiation of tip growing root hairs, a star-like radial pattern has recently been observed. Here, we use detailed finite element models to analyze how a change in mechanical properties at the root hair initiation site can lead to star-like stress patterns in order to understand whether a stress-based feedback model can also explain the microtubule patterns seen during root hair initiation. We show that two independent mechanisms, individually or combined, can be sufficient to generate radial patterns. In the first, new material is added locally at the position of the root hair. In the second, increased tension in the initiation area provides a mechanism. Finally, we describe how a molecular model of Rho-of-plant (ROP) GTPases activation driven by auxin can position a patch of activated ROP protein basally along a 2D root epidermal cell plasma membrane, paving the way for models where mechanical and molecular mechanisms cooperate in the initial placement and outgrowth of root hairs.
Frontiers in plant science
urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-407181
online registration
Frontiers in plant science 7 (2016) Art. 1560, DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01560
CC-BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International
Pawel Krupinski
Behruz Bozorg
André Larsson
Stefano Pietra
Markus Grebe
Henrik Jönsson
Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
435
eng
uncontrolled
plant cell wall
eng
uncontrolled
finite element modeling
eng
uncontrolled
computational morphodynamics
eng
uncontrolled
root hair initiation
eng
uncontrolled
microtubules
eng
uncontrolled
cellulose fibers
eng
uncontrolled
composite material
Biowissenschaften; Biologie
open_access
Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät
Institut für Biochemie und Biologie
Referiert
Open Access
Frontiers
Universität Potsdam
https://publishup.uni-potsdam.de/files/40718/pmnr_435.online.pdf