Dokument-ID Dokumenttyp Verfasser/Autoren Herausgeber Haupttitel Abstract Auflage Verlagsort Verlag Erscheinungsjahr Seitenzahl Schriftenreihe Titel Schriftenreihe Bandzahl ISBN Quelle der Hochschulschrift Konferenzname Quelle:Titel Quelle:Jahrgang Quelle:Heftnummer Quelle:Erste Seite Quelle:Letzte Seite URN DOI Abteilungen OPUS4-48397 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Bartha-Doering, Lisa; Alexopoulos, Johanna; Giordano, Vito; Stelzer, Lisa; Kainz, Theresa; Benavides-Varela, Silvia; Wartenburger, Isabell; Klebermass-Schrehof, Katrin; Olischar, Monika; Seidl, Rainer Otis; Berger, Angelika Absence of neural speech discrimination in preterm infants at term-equivalent age Children born preterm are at higher risk to develop language deficits. Auditory speech discrimination deficits may be early signs for language developmental problems. The present study used functional near-infrared spectroscopy to investigate neural speech discrimination in 15 preterm infants at term-equivalent age compared to 15 full term neonates. The full term group revealed a significantly greater hemodynamic response to forward compared to backward speech within the left hemisphere extending from superior temporal to inferior parietal and middle and inferior frontal areas. In contrast, the preterm group did not show differences in their hemodynamic responses during forward versus backward speech, thus, they did not discriminate speech from nonspeech. Groups differed significantly in their responses to forward speech, whereas they did not differ in their responses to backward speech. The significant differences between groups point to an altered development of the functional network underlying language acquisition in preterm infants as early as in term-equivalent age. Oxford Elsevier 2019 8 Developmental cognitive neuroscience : a journal for cognitive, affective and social developmental neuroscience 39 10.1016/j.dcn.2019.100679 Department Linguistik OPUS4-48327 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Clahsen, Harald; Jessen, Anna Do bilingual children lag behind? A study of morphological encoding using ERPs The current study investigates how bilingual children encode and produce morphologically complex words. We employed a silent-production-plus-delayed-vocalization paradigm in which event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded during silent encoding of inflected words which were subsequently cued to be overtly produced. The bilingual children's spoken responses and their ERPs were compared to previous datasets from monolingual children on the same task. We found an enhanced negativity for regular relative to irregular forms during silent production in both bilingual children's languages, replicating the ERP effect previously obtained from monolingual children. Nevertheless, the bilingual children produced more morphological errors (viz. over-regularizations) than monolingual children. We conclude that mechanisms of morphological encoding (as measured by ERPs) are parallel for bilingual and monolingual children, and that the increased over-regularization rates are due to their reduced exposure to each of the two languages (relative to monolingual children). New York Cambridge Univ. Press 2019 25 Journal of child language 46 5 955 979 10.1017/S0305000919000321 Department Linguistik OPUS4-46910 Dissertation Stegenwallner-Schütz, Maja Henny Katherine The Development of Syntactic and Pragmatic Aspects of Language in Children with Developmental Disorders 2019 236 Department Linguistik OPUS4-46341 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Adani, Flavia; Stegenwallner-Schutz, Maja Henny Katherine; Niesel, Talea The Peaceful Co-existence of Input Frequency and Structural Intervention Effects on the Comprehension of Complex Sentences in German-Speaking Children The predictions of two contrasting approaches to the acquisition of transitive relative clauses were tested within the same groups of German-speaking participants aged from 3 to 5 years old. The input frequency approach predicts that object relative clauses with inanimate heads (e.g., the pullover that the man is scratching) are comprehended earlier and more accurately than those with an animate head (e.g., the man that the boy is scratching). In contrast, the structural intervention approach predicts that object relative clauses with two full NP arguments mismatching in number (e.g., the man that the boys are scratching) are comprehended earlier and more accurately than those with number-matching NPs (e.g., the man that the boy is scratching). These approaches were tested in two steps. First, we ran a corpus analysis to ensure that object relative clauses with number-mismatching NPs are not more frequent than object relative clauses with number-matching NPs in child directed speech. Next, the comprehension of these structures was tested experimentally in 3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds respectively by means of a color naming task. By comparing the predictions of the two approaches within the same participant groups, we were able to uncover that the effects predicted by the input frequency and by the structural intervention approaches co-exist and that they both influence the performance of children on transitive relative clauses, but in a manner that is modulated by age. These results reveal a sensitivity to animacy mismatch already being demonstrated by 3-year-olds and show that animacy is initially deployed more reliably than number to interpret relative clauses correctly. In all age groups, the animacy mismatch appears to explain the performance of children, thus, showing that the comprehension of frequent object relative clauses is enhanced compared to the other conditions. Starting with 4-year-olds but especially in 5-year-olds, the number mismatch supported comprehension-a facilitation that is unlikely to be driven by input frequency. Once children fine-tune their sensitivity to verb agreement information around the age of four, they are also able to deploy number marking to overcome the intervention effects. This study highlights the importance of testing experimentally contrasting theoretical approaches in order to characterize the multifaceted, developmental nature of language acquisition. Lausanne Frontiers Research Foundation 2017 11 Frontiers in psychology 8 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01590 Department Linguistik OPUS4-46317 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Patterson, Clare; Esaulova, Yulia; Felser, Claudia The impact of focus on pronoun resolution in native and non-native sentence comprehension London Sage Publ. 2017 27 Second language research 33 403 429 10.1177/0267658317697786 Department Linguistik OPUS4-46368 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Chladkova, Katerina; Hamann, Silke; Williams, Daniel; Hellmuth, Sam F2 slope as a Perceptual Cue for the Front-Back Contrast in Standard Southern British English Acoustic studies of several languages indicate that second-formant (F2) slopes in high vowels have opposing directions (independent of consonantal context): front [i.]-like vowels are produced with a rising F2 slope, whereas back [u.]-like vowels are produced with a falling F2 slope. The present study first reports acoustic measurements that confirm this pattern for the English variety of Standard Southern British English (SSBE), where /u./ has shifted from the back to the front area of the vowel space and is now realized with higher midpoint F2 values than several decades ago. Subsequently, we test whether the direction of F2 slope also serves as a reliable cue to the /i.// u./ contrast in perception. The findings show that F2 slope direction is used as a cue (additional to midpoint formant values) to distinguish /i./ from /u./by both young and older Standard Southern British English listeners: an otherwise ambiguous token is identified as /i./if it has a rising F2 slope and as /u./if it has a falling F2 slope. Furthermore, our results indicate that listeners generalize their reliance on F2 slope to other contrasts, namely /epsilon/-/./and /ae/-/./, even though F2 slope is not employed to differentiate these vowels in production. This suggests that in Standard Southern British English, a rising F2 seems to be perceptually associated with an abstract feature such as [+ front], whereas a falling F2 with an abstract feature such as [-front]. London Sage Publ. 2017 22 Language and speech 60 377 398 10.1177/0023830916650991 Department Linguistik OPUS4-46444 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Pritsch, Carla; Telkemeyer, Silke; Mühlenbeck, Cordelia; Liebal, Katja Perception of facial expressions reveals selective affect-biased attention in humans and orangutans London Nature Publ. Group 2017 12 Scientific reports 7 3001 3023 10.1038/s41598-017-07563-4 Department Linguistik OPUS4-47742 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Arnold, Taylor; Ballier, Nicolas; Lisson, Paula; Tilton, Lauren Beyond lexical frequencies: using R for text analysis in the digital humanities This paper presents a combination of R packages-user contributed toolkits written in a common core programming language-to facilitate the humanistic investigation of digitised, text-based corpora.Our survey of text analysis packages includes those of our own creation (cleanNLP and fasttextM) as well as packages built by other research groups (stringi, readtext, hyphenatr, quanteda, and hunspell). By operating on generic object types, these packages unite research innovations in corpus linguistics, natural language processing, machine learning, statistics, and digital humanities. We begin by extrapolating on the theoretical benefits of R as an elaborate gluing language for bringing together several areas of expertise and compare it to linguistic concordancers and other tool-based approaches to text analysis in the digital humanities. We then showcase the practical benefits of an ecosystem by illustrating how R packages have been integrated into a digital humanities project. Throughout, the focus is on moving beyond the bag-of-words, lexical frequency model by incorporating linguistically-driven analyses in research. Dordrecht Springer 2019 27 Language resources and evaluation 53 4 707 733 10.1007/s10579-019-09456-6 Department Linguistik OPUS4-48544 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Gaeckle, Maren; Domahs, Frank; Kartmann, Angelika; Tomandl, Bernd; Frank, Ulrike Predictors of Penetration-Aspiration in Parkinson's Disease Patients With Dysphagia Methods: The data of 89 PD patients with dysphagia who underwent routinely conducted videofluoroscopic studies of swallowing (VFSS) were included in this retrospective study. The occurrence of penetration-aspiration was defined as scores >= 3 on the Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS). Four commonly reported signs of dysphagia in PD patients were evaluated as possible predictors. Furthermore, the relationships between the occurrence of penetration-aspiration and liquid bolus volume as well as clinical severity of PD (modified Hoehn and Yahr scale) were examined. Results: Logistic regression showed that a delayed initiation of the pharyngeal swallow (odds ratio [OR] = 7.47, P = .008) and a reduced hyolaryngeal excursion (OR = 5.13, P = .012) were predictors of penetration-aspiration. Moreover, there was a strong, positive correlation between increasing liquid bolus volume and penetration-aspiration (gamma = 0.71, P < .001). No correlation was found between severity of PD and penetration-aspiration (gamma = 0.077, P = .783). Conclusion: Results of the present study allow for a better understanding of penetration-aspiration risk in PD patients. They are useful for treatment planning in order to improve safe oral intake and adequate nutrition. Thousand Oaks Sage Publ. 2019 8 Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology 128 8 728 735 10.1177/0003489419841398 Department Linguistik OPUS4-36613 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Prieto, Julio Regarding illegibility and poor writing in spanish america Pozuelo de Alarcon Insula 2011 3 Insula : revista de letras y ciencias humanas 66 777 2 4 Department Linguistik OPUS4-42930 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Höhle, Barbara; Berger, Frauke; Sauermann, Antje Information structure in first language acquisition Oxford Oxford University Press 2016 18 The Oxford handbook of information structure 978-0-19-964267-0 562 580 Department Linguistik OPUS4-34911 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Sauermann, Antje; Filik, Ruth; Paterson, Kevin B. Processing contextual and lexical cues to focus evidence from eye movements in reading Three eye movement experiments investigated the interaction between contextual and lexical focus cues during reading. Context was used to focus on either the indirect or direct object of a double object construction, which was followed by a remnant continuation that formed either a congruous or incongruous contrast with the contextually focused object. Experiment 1 demonstrated that remnants were more difficult to process when incongruous with the contextually focused constituent, indicating that context was effective in specifying focus. Experiments 2 and 3 investigated the interaction between context and lexical focus arising from the particle only which specifies focus on the subsequent adjacent element. When only preceded both objects (Experiment 2), the conflict between lexical and contextual focus cues disrupted processing of the remnant element and was resolved in favour of the contextually focused element. However, when only was placed between both objects (Experiment 3), cue-conflict disrupted processing earlier in the sentence but did not appear to be fully resolved during on-line sentence processing. These findings reveal that the interplay between contextual and lexical cues to focus is important for establishing focus structure during on-line sentence processing. Hove Wiley 2013 29 Language and cognitive processes 28 6 875 903 10.1080/01690965.2012.668197 Department Linguistik OPUS4-39416 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Sekerina, Irina A.; Sauermann, Antje Visual attention and quantifier-spreading in heritage Russian bilinguals It is well established in language acquisition research that monolingual children and adult second language learners misinterpret sentences with the universal quantifier every and make quantifier-spreading errors that are attributed to a preference for a match in number between two sets of objects. The present Visual World eye-tracking study tested bilingual heritage Russian-English adults and investigated how they interpret of sentences like Every alligator lies in a bathtub in both languages. Participants performed a sentence-picture verification task while their eye movements were recorded. Pictures showed three pairs of alligators in bathtubs and two extra objects: elephants (Control condition), bathtubs (Overexhaustive condition), or alligators (Underexhaustive condition). Monolingual adults performed at ceiling in all conditions. Heritage language (HL) adults made 20% q-spreading errors, but only in the Overexhaustive condition, and when they made an error they spent more time looking at the two extra bathtubs during the Verb region. We attribute q-spreading in HL speakers to cognitive overload caused by the necessity to integrate conflicting sources of information, i.e. the spoken sentences in their weaker, heritage, language and attention-demanding visual context, that differed with respect to referential salience. London Sage Publ. 2015 30 Second language research 31 1 75 104 10.1177/0267658314537292 Department Linguistik OPUS4-45693 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Drummer, Janna-Deborah; van der Meer, Elke; Schaadt, Gesa Event-related potentials in response to violations of content and temporal event knowledge Scripts that store knowledge of everyday events are fundamentally important for managing daily routines. Content event knowledge (i.e., knowledge about which events belong to a script) and temporal event knowledge (i.e., knowledge about the chronological order of events in a script) constitute qualitatively different forms of knowledge. However, there is limited information about each distinct process and the time course involved in accessing content and temporal event knowledge. Therefore, we analyzed event-related potentials (ERPs) in response to either correctly presented event sequences or event sequences that contained a content or temporal error. We found an N400, which was followed by a posteriorly distributed P600 in response to content errors in event sequences. By contrast, we did not find an N400 but an anteriorly distributed P600 in response to temporal errors in event sequences. Thus, the N400 seems to be elicited as a response to a general mismatch between an event and the established event model. We assume that the expectancy violation of content event knowledge, as indicated by the N400, induces the collapse of the established event model, a process indicated by the posterior P600. The expectancy violation of temporal event knowledge is assumed to induce an attempt to reorganize the event model in working memory, a process indicated by the frontal P600. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Oxford Elsevier 2016 9 Neuropsychologia : an international journal in behavioural and cognitive neuroscience 80 47 55 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.11.007 Department Linguistik OPUS4-9174 Buch (Monographie) Bowler, Margit; Hsieh, I-Ta Chris; Shen, Zheng; Korat, Omer; Tran, Thuan Grubic, Mira; Mucha, Anne Proceedings of the Semantics of African, Asian and Austronesian Languages (TripleA) 2 TripleA is a workshop series founded by linguists from the University of Tübingen and the University of Potsdam. Its aim is to provide a forum for semanticists doing fieldwork on understudied languages, and its focus is on languages from Africa, Asia, Australia and Oceania. The second TripleA workshop was held at the University of Potsdam, June 3-5, 2015. 2016 64 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-91742 Department Linguistik OPUS4-38562 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Bruening, Benjamin; Tran, Thuan The nature of the passive, with an analysis of Vietnamese We attempt to clarify a great deal of confusion in the literature on what a passive is, and what counts as a passive in different languages. We do this through a detailed investigation of what has been identified as a passive in Vietnamese, sentences with the morphemes bi and duoc. We also compare these to Mandarin Chinese bei. We show that these morphemes are not passive at all: like English auxiliaries, they may occur with either an active complement or a passive one. We clarify this point and what it means to be a passive. Second, sentences with these morphemes and the corresponding sentences without them are truth-conditionally equivalent. We show that the extra meaning they convey is a type of projective, or not-at-issue, meaning that is separate from the at-issue content of the sentence. We provide a detailed syntactic and semantic analysis of Vietnamese, and give arguments for this analysis. We propose that there is no movement in Vietnamese, but there is in Chinese, and this difference accounts for differences between the two languages. We also clarify what agent-oriented adverbs of the 'deliberately' type show, and draw conclusions about English get passives and tough constructions. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Amsterdam Elsevier 2015 40 Lingua : international review of general linguistics 165 133 172 10.1016/j.lingua.2015.07.008 Department Linguistik OPUS4-5221 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Stadie, Nicole Entwicklungsdyslexie im Rahmen kognitiv-orientierter Erklärungsansätze 2011 8 Spektrum Patholinguistik 4 23 31 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54191 Department Linguistik OPUS4-5233 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Posse, Dorothea; Frank, Ulrike Der Einfluss des Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) auf die Hypernasalität bei Dysarthrie 2011 2 Spektrum Patholinguistik 4 185 187 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54313 Department Linguistik OPUS4-5234 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Puritz, Caroline; Seidl, Rainer Ottis; Frank, Ulrike Die Auswirkungen des Lee Silverman Voice Treatments (LSVT) auf die kortikalen Repräsentationen der Schluckmuskulatur bei Patienten mit Morbus Parkinson 2011 2 Spektrum Patholinguistik 4 189 191 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54322 Extern OPUS4-5235 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Etzien, Maria; Machleb, Franziska; Lorenz, Antje Semantische versus wortform-spezifische Merkmalsanalyse in der Behandlung von Wortabrufstörungen bei Aphasie 2011 4 Spektrum Patholinguistik 4 193 197 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54337 Extern OPUS4-5237 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Busch, Tobias; Heide, Judith Fehlerfreies Lernen als Methode der Aphasietherapie 2011 6 Spektrum Patholinguistik 4 209 215 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54351 Department Linguistik OPUS4-5239 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Watermeyer, Melanie; Höhle, Barbara; Kauschke, Christina Ausagieren von Sätzen versus Satz-Bild-Zuordnung 2011 9 Spektrum Patholinguistik 4 237 246 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54374 Extern OPUS4-5612 Dissertation Mallien, Grit Explorative multizentrische Querschnittsstudie zur Diagnostik der Dysarthrie bei Progressiver Supranukleärer Blickparese - PSP Die Progressive Supranukleäre Blickparese (PSP) ist eine sporadisch auftretende neurodegenerative Erkrankung im Rahmen der atypischen Parkinson-Syndrome (APS), die im frühen Verlauf häufig mit dem Idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndrom (IPS) verwechselt wird. Dabei ist die Dysarthrie als eine erworbene, zentral bedingte sprechmotorische Störung ein häufiges und früh auftretendes Symptom bei PSP. Bislang spricht man von einer eher unspezifischen „gemischten" Dysarthrie aus hypokinetischen, spastischen und auch ataktischen Komponenten. Im Rahmen einer explorativen Querschnittsstudie am „Fachkrankenhaus für Bewegungsstörungen und Parkinson" Beelitz-Heilstätten in Kooperation mit der „Entwicklungsgruppe Klinische Neuropsychologie" München (EKN) sowie der „Interdisziplinären Ambulanz für Bewegungsstörungen" am Klinikum München-Großhadern wurden 50 Patienten dahingehend untersucht, ob sich für die Progressive Supranukleäre Blickparese (PSP) eine spezielle, frühzeitig zu diagnostizierende und differentialdiagnostisch relevante Dysarthrie beschreiben ließe. In diesem Zusammenhang soll geklärt werden, ob es sich um phänotypische Ausprägungen im Rahmen eines Störungsspektrums handelt oder ob sich differenzierbare Subtypen der Krankheit, insbesondere ein „klassischer" PSP-Typ (PSP-RS) und ein „atypischer" PSP-Typ (PSP-P), auch im Bereich der Dysarthrie zeigen. Im Rahmen der Untersuchungen wurde der Schweregrad der Erkrankung mittels der „PSP-sensitiven Ratingskala (PSPRS)" gemessen. Die Dysarthriediagnostik erfolgte anhand der „Bogenhausener Dysarthrieskalen (BoDyS)" zur Beschreibung der Art und Ausprägung der Dysarthrie bei PSP. Die Verständlichkeit wurde mithilfe des „Münchner Verständlichkeits-Profils (MVP)" sowie eines weiteren Transkriptionsverfahrens ermittelt, wobei Ausschnitte aus den Tests zum Lesen und Nachsprechen der BoDyS zugrunde lagen. Weiterhin erfolgte eine Einschätzung der Natürlichkeit des Sprechens. Die Ergebnisse hinsichtlich des Einflusses von Natürlichkeit und Verständlichkeit des Sprechens auf den Schweregrad der Dysarthrie zeigten, dass dieser modalitätenübergreifend mit beiden Schweregradaspekten korreliert, wenngleich es offenbar die Natürlichkeit des Sprechens ist, die bei PSP bereits frühzeitig beeinträchtigt ist und somit als das entscheidende differentialdiagnostische Kriterium zur Differenzierung zwischen beiden PSP-Subtypen zu beurteilen ist, möglicherweise auch gegenüber anderen Parkinson-Syndromen. Anhand statistisch valider Ergebnisse konnten spezifische Störungsmerkmale der Dysarthrie extrahiert werden, die eine signifikante Trennung von PSP-RS und PSP-P ermöglichen: eine leise und behaucht-heisere Stimme sowie ein verlangsamtes Sprechtempo und Hypernasalität. Damit können für die hier fokussierten Subtypen der PSP zwei unterschiedliche Dysarthrietypen postuliert werden. Danach wird dem Subtyp PSP-RS eine spastisch betonte Dysarthrie mit ausgeprägter Verlangsamung des Sprechtempos zugeordnet, dem Subtyp PSP-P hingegen eine hypokinetische Dysarthrie mit behaucht-heiserer Hypophonie. Desweiteren konnte ein „Dysarthrie-Schwellenwert" als Zusatzkriterium für eine zeitliche Differenzierung beider PSP-Subtypen ermittelt werden. Anhand der Daten zeigte sich die Dysarthrie bei dem Subtyp PSP-RS gleich zu Beginn der Erkrankung, jedoch spätestens 24 Monate danach. Hingegen konnte die Dysarthrie beim Subtyp PSP-P frühestens 24 Monate nach Erkrankungsbeginn festgestellt werden. Die Daten dieser Studie verdeutlichen, dass der Frage nach einer subtypenspezifischen Ausprägung der Dysarthrie bei PSP eine Längsschnittsstudie folgen sollte, um die ermittelten Ergebnisse zu konsolidieren. 2011 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-58045 Department Linguistik OPUS4-5591 Dissertation Spreyer, Kathrin Does it have to be trees? : Data-driven dependency parsing with incomplete and noisy training data We present a novel approach to training data-driven dependency parsers on incomplete annotations. Our parsers are simple modifications of two well-known dependency parsers, the transition-based Malt parser and the graph-based MST parser. While previous work on parsing with incomplete data has typically couched the task in frameworks of unsupervised or semi-supervised machine learning, we essentially treat it as a supervised problem. In particular, we propose what we call agnostic parsers which hide all fragmentation in the training data from their supervised components. We present experimental results with training data that was obtained by means of annotation projection. Annotation projection is a resource-lean technique which allows us to transfer annotations from one language to another within a parallel corpus. However, the output tends to be noisy and incomplete due to cross-lingual non-parallelism and error-prone word alignments. This makes the projected annotations a suitable test bed for our fragment parsers. Our results show that (i) dependency parsers trained on large amounts of projected annotations achieve higher accuracy than the direct projections, and that (ii) our agnostic fragment parsers perform roughly on a par with the original parsers which are trained only on strictly filtered, complete trees. Finally, (iii) when our fragment parsers are trained on artificially fragmented but otherwise gold standard dependencies, the performance loss is moderate even with up to 50% of all edges removed. 2011 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57498 Department Linguistik OPUS4-5594 Dissertation Müller, Anja Wie interpretieren Kinder nur? : Experimentelle Untersuchungen zum Erwerb von Informationsstruktur Im Zentrum der Arbeit steht die Frage, wie sechsjährige monolingual deutsche Kinder Sätze mit der Fokuspartikel nur interpretieren. In 5 Experimenten wurde untersucht, welchen Einfluss die Oberflächenposition der Fokuspartikel auf das Satzverständnis hat und ob die kontextuelle Einbettung der nur-Sätze zu einer zielsprachlichen Interpretation führt. Im Gegensatz zu den Ergebnissen bisheriger Studien (u.a. Crain, et al. 1994; Paterson et al. 2003) zeigen die Daten der Arbeit, dass die getesteten Kinder die präsentierten nur-Sätze zielsprachlich interpretierten, wenn diese in einen adäquaten Kontext eingebettet waren. Es zeigte sich weiterhin, dass die Kinder mehr Fehler bei der Interpretation von Sätzen mit nur vor dem Subjekt (Nur die Maus hat einen Ball.) als mit nur vor dem Objekt (Die Maus hat nur einen Ball.) machten. Entgegen dem syntaktisch basierten Ansatz von Crain et al. (1994) und dem semantisch-pragmatisch basierten Ansatz von Paterson et al. (2003) werden in der Arbeit informationsstrukturelle Eigenschaften bzw. Unterschiede der nur-Sätze für die beobachteten Leistungen verantwortlich gemacht. Der in der Arbeit postulierte Topik-Default Ansatz nimmt an, dass die Kinder das Subjekt eines Satzes immer als Topik analysieren. Dies führt im Fall der Sätze mit nur vor dem Subjekt zu einer falschen informationsstrukturellen Repräsentation des Satzes. Basierend auf den Ergebnissen der Arbeit und dem postulierten Topik-Default Ansatz wird in der Arbeit abschließend ein Erwerbsmodell für das Verstehen von Sätzen mit der Fokuspartikel nur entworfen und diskutiert. 2010 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57767 Department Linguistik OPUS4-6615 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Siegmüller, Julia Fritzsche, Tom; Meyer, Corinna B.; Adelt, Anne; Roß, Jennifer Emergenzorientierte Grammatiktherapie auf der Grundlage der PLAN 1 Emergenz 2 Grammatische cues 3 Das DYSTEL-Projekt 4 Ergebnisse 5 Diskussion 6 Literatur Potsdam Universitätsverlag Potsdam 2013 40 Spektrum Patholinguistik 6 5 45 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68469 Department Linguistik OPUS4-6617 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Schröder, Astrid Fritzsche, Tom; Meyer, Corinna B.; Adelt, Anne; Roß, Jennifer Diagnostik und Therapie von syntaktischen Störungen bei Aphasie 1 Einleitung 2 Modell der Satzverarbeitung 3 Störungen des Satzverständnisses 4 Störungen der Satzproduktion 5 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick 6 Dank 7 Literatur Potsdam Universitätsverlag Potsdam 2013 11 Spektrum Patholinguistik 6 87 98 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68484 Department Linguistik OPUS4-6618 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Hofmann, Janine Fritzsche, Tom; Meyer, Corinna B.; Adelt, Anne; Roß, Jennifer Kindliche Aphasie 1 Einleitung 2 Kindliche Aphasie 3 Fallbeispiele 4 Prognose 5 Fazit 6 Literatur Potsdam Universitätsverlag Potsdam 2013 14 Spektrum Patholinguistik 99 113 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68495 Department Linguistik OPUS4-6625 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Swietza, Romy Fritzsche, Tom; Meyer, Corinna B.; Adelt, Anne; Roß, Jennifer Fütterstörungen beim velokardiofazialen Syndrom 1 Einleitung 2 Studie 3 Ausblick 4 Literatur Potsdam Universitätsverlag Potsdam 2013 1 Spektrum Patholinguistik 6 201 202 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68566 Department Linguistik OPUS4-6629 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Schultheiss, Corinna; Nahrstaedt, Holger; Schauer, Thomas; Seidl, Rainer Ottis Fritzsche, Tom; Meyer, Corinna B.; Adelt, Anne; Roß, Jennifer Evaluation eines Bioimpedanz-EMG-Messsystems zur Schluckerkennung während der pharyngealen Schluckphase 1 Einleitung 2 Fragestellung 3 Methode 4 Ergebnisse 5 Diskussion 6 Literatur Potsdam Universitätsverlag Potsdam 2013 6 Spektrum Patholinguistik 6 225 231 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68600 Department Linguistik OPUS4-6783 Dissertation Schultheiss, Corinna Die Bewertung der pharyngalen Schluckphase mittels Bioimpedanz : Evaluation eines Mess- und Diagnostikverfahrens Schlucken ist ein lebensnotwendiger Prozess, dessen Diagnose und Therapie eine enorme Herausforderung bedeutet. Die Erkennung und Beurteilung von Schlucken und Schluckstörungen erfordert den Einsatz von technisch aufwendigen Verfahren, wie Videofluoroskopie (VFSS) und fiberoptisch-endoskopische Schluckuntersuchung (FEES), die eine hohe Belastung für die Patienten darstellen. Beide Verfahren werden als Goldstandard in der Diagnostik von Schluckstörungen eingesetzt. Die Durchführung obliegt in der Regel ärztlichem Personal. Darüber hinaus erfordert die Auswertung des Bildmaterials der Diagnostik eine ausreichend hohe Erfahrung. In der Therapie findet neben den klassischen Therapiemethoden, wie z.B. diätetische Modifikationen und Schluckmanöver, auch zunehmend die funktionelle Elektrostimulation Anwendung. Ziel der vorliegenden Dissertationsschrift ist die Evaluation eines im Verbundprojekt BigDysPro entwickelten Bioimpedanz (BI)- und Elektromyographie (EMG)-Messsystems. Es wurde geprüft, ob sich das BI- und EMG-Messsystem eignet, sowohl in der Diagnostik als auch in der Therapie als eigenständiges Messsystem und im Rahmen einer Schluckneuroprothese eingesetzt zu werden. In verschiedenen Studien wurden gesunde Probanden für die Überprüfung der Reproduzierbarkeit (Intra-und Interrater-Reliabilität), der Unterscheidbarkeit von Schluck- und Kopfbewegungen und der Beeinflussung der Biosignale (BI, EMG) durch verschiedene Faktoren (Geschlecht der Probanden, Leitfähigkeit, Konsistenz und Menge der Nahrung) untersucht. Durch zusätzliche Untersuchungen mit Patienten wurde einerseits der Einfluss der Elektrodenart geprüft. Andererseits wurden parallel zur BI- und EMG-Messung auch endoskopische (FEES) und radiologische Schluckuntersuchungen (VFSS) durchgeführt, um die Korrelation der Biosignale mit der Bewegung anatomischer Strukturen (VFSS) und mit der Schluckqualität (FEES) zu prüfen. Es wurden 31 gesunde Probanden mit 1819 Schlucken und 60 Patienten mit 715 Schlucken untersucht. Die Messkurven zeigten einen typischen, reproduzierbaren Signalverlauf, der mit anatomischen und funktionellen Änderungen während der pharyngalen Schluckphase in der VFSS korrelierte (r > 0,7). Aus dem Bioimpedanzsignal konnten Merkmale extrahiert werden, die mit physiologischen Merkmalen eines Schluckes, wie verzögerter laryngealer Verschluss und Kehlkopfhebung, korrelierten und eine Einschätzung der Schluckqualität in Übereinstimmung mit der FEES ermöglichten. In den Signalverläufen der Biosignale konnten signifikante Unterschiede zwischen Schluck- und Kopfbewegungen und den Nahrungsmengen und -konsistenzen nachgewiesen werden. Im Gegensatz zur Nahrungsmenge und -konsistenz zeigte die Leitfähigkeit der zu schluckenden Nahrung, das Geschlecht der Probanden und die Art der Elektroden keinen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Messsignale. Mit den Ergebnissen der Evaluation konnte gezeigt werden, dass mit dem BI- und EMG-Messsystem ein neuartiges und nicht-invasives Verfahren zur Verfügung steht, das eine reproduzierbare Darstellung der pharyngalen Schluckphase und ihrer Veränderungen ermöglicht. Daraus ergeben sich vielseitige Einsatzmöglichkeiten in der Diagnostik, z.B. Langzeitmessung zur Schluckfrequenz und Einschätzung der Schluckqualität, und in der Therapie, z.B. der Einsatz in einer Schluckneuroprothese oder als Biofeedback zur Darstellung des Schluckes, von Schluckstörungen. Potsdam Universitätsverlag Potsdam 2014 XV, 108 978-3-86956-284-1 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-69589 Department Linguistik OPUS4-6831 Dissertation Ritz, Julia Discourse-givenness of noun phrases : theoretical and computational models This thesis gives formal definitions of discourse-givenness, coreference and reference, and reports on experiments with computational models of discourse-givenness of noun phrases for English and German. Definitions are based on Bach's (1987) work on reference, Kibble and van Deemter's (2000) work on coreference, and Kamp and Reyle's Discourse Representation Theory (1993). For the experiments, the following corpora with coreference annotation were used: MUC-7, OntoNotes and ARRAU for Englisch, and TueBa-D/Z for German. As for classification algorithms, they cover J48 decision trees, the rule based learner Ripper, and linear support vector machines. New features are suggested, representing the noun phrase's specificity as well as its context, which lead to a significant improvement of classification quality. 2013 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-70818 Department Linguistik OPUS4-6807 Dissertation Fleischhauer, Elisabeth Morphological processing in children : an experimental study of German past participles An important strand of research has investigated the question of how children acquire a morphological system using offline data from spontaneous or elicited child language. Most of these studies have found dissociations in how children apply regular and irregular inflection (Marcus et al. 1992, Weyerts & Clahsen 1994, Rothweiler & Clahsen 1993). These studies have considerably deepened our understanding of how linguistic knowledge is acquired and organised in the human mind. Their methodological procedures, however, do not involve measurements of how children process morphologically complex forms in real time. To date, little is known about how children process inflected word forms. The aim of this study is to investigate children's processing of inflected words in a series of on-line reaction time experiments. We used a cross-modal priming experiment to test for decompositional effects on the central level. We used a speeded production task and a lexical decision task to test for frequency effects on access level in production and recognition. Children's behaviour was compared to adults' behaviour towards three participle types (-t participles, e.g. getanzt 'danced' vs. -n participles with stem change, e.g. gebrochen 'broken' vs.-n participles without stem change, e.g. geschlafen 'slept'). For the central level, results indicate that -t participles but not -n participles have decomposed representations. For the access level, results indicate that -t participles are represented according to their morphemes and additionally as full forms, at least from the age of nine years onwards (Pinker 1999 and Clahsen et al. 2004). Further evidence suggested that -n participles are represented as full-form entries on access level and that -n participles without stem change may encode morphological structure (cf. Clahsen et al. 2003). Out data also suggests that processing strategies for -t participles are differently applied in recognition and production. These results provide evidence that children (within the age range tested) employ the same mechanisms for processing participles as adults. The child lexicon grows as children form additional full-form representations for -t participles on access level and elaborate their full-form lexical representations of -n participles on central level. These results are consistent with processing as explained in dual-system theories. 2013 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-70581 Department Linguistik OPUS4-9930 Buch (Monographie) Barth-Weingarten, Dagmar Intonation Units Revisited Intonation units have been notoriously difficult to identify in natural talk. Problems include fuzzy boundaries, lack of exhaustivity, and the potential circularity involved when studying their interface with other language-organizational dimensions. This volume advocates a way to resolve such problems: the cesura approach. Cesuras, or breaks in the flow of talk, are created by discontinuities in the prosodic-phonetic parameters of speech that cluster to various extents at certain points in time. Using conversation-analytic and interactional-linguistic methodology, the volume identifies the parameters creating cesuras in talk-in-interaction and proposes ways to notate them depending on the researcher s goal. It also offers a way to study the role of cesuras at the prosody-syntax interface non-circularly, which leads to new insights concerning language variation and change. The volume will thus be of major import to anyone working with natural spoken language, its chunks, its various dimensions, and its variation and change." Amsterdam John Benjamins Publishing Company 2016 318 Studies in Language and Social Interaction ; 29 978-90-272-6690-3 Department Linguistik OPUS4-8195 Dissertation Gollrad, Anja Prosodic cue weighting in sentence comprehension Gegenstand der Dissertation ist die Untersuchung der Gewichtung prosodischer Korrelate der Phrasierung im Deutschen, insbesondere der Dauer- und Grundfrequenzeigenschaften auf der Ebene der phonologischen Phrase (φ) und der Intonationsphrase (ι). Für die prosodische Domäne der phonologischen Phrase und der Intonationsphrase gilt als belegt, dass sie häuptsächlich durch phonetische Parameter der präfinalen Dehnung (Lehiste, 1973; Klatt, 1976; Price et al., 1991; Turk & White, 1999), der Pausendauer (Fant & Kruckenberg, 1996) und der Veränderung der Grundfrequenz (Pierrehumbert, 1980) ausgedrückt werden, wobei die phonetischen grenzmarkierenden Eigenschaften eher quantitativer als qualitativer Natur sind. Ebenfalls ist bekannt, dass auf der anderen Seite Hörer diese phonetischen Eigenschaften der Sprecher nutzen, um die prosodische Struktur einer Äußerung zu ermitteln (Snedeker & Trueswell, 2003; Kraljic & Brennan, 2005). Perzeptuelle Evidenz aus dem Englischen und Niederländischen deuten allerdings darauf hin, dass sich Sprachen hinsichtlich der entscheidenden Korrelate, die für die Perzeption der Domänen konsultiert werden, unterscheiden (Aasland & Baum, 2003; Sanderman & Collier, 1997; Scott, 1982; Streeter, 1978). Die grenzmarkierenden phonetischen Korrelate der Domänen werden in der Perzeption unterschiedlich stark gewichtet, was sich im Konzept eines sprachspezifischen prosodischen cue weightings ausdrückt. Für das Deutsche ist allerdings nicht hinreichend bekannt, welche dieser drei phonetischen Parameter die wichtigste Rolle für die Perzeption der phonologischen Phrasengrenze und der Intonationsphrasengrenze spielt. Ziel der Dissertation war es, diejenigen phonetischen Merkmale zu identifizieren, die für die Perzeption der phonologischen Phrasengrenze und der Intonationsphrasengrenze entscheidend sind und sich somit für die Bildung der jeweiligen prosodischen Phrasengrenze als notwendig herausstellen. Die Identifikation und Gewichtung eines phonetischen Merkmals erfolgte in der vorliegenden Arbeit durch die Effekte prosodischer Manipulation der phonetischen Korrelate an phonologischen Phrasengrenzen und Intonationsphrasengrenzen auf die Disambiguierung lokaler syntaktischer Ambiguitäten in der Perzeption. Der Einfluss einzelner phonetischer Merkmale wurde in einem forced-choice Experiment evaluiert, bei dem Hörern syntaktisch ambige Satzfragmente auditiv präsentiert wurden und ihnen anschließend die Aufgabe zukam, aus einer Auswahl an disambiguierenden Satzvervollständigung zu wählen. Die Anzahl der ausgewählten Satzvervollständigungen pro Satzbedingung änderte sich in Abhängigkeit der prosodischen Manipulation der präfinalen Dehnung, der Pausendauer und der Grundfrequenz, wodurch der Einfluss eines einzelnen phonetischen Merkmals auf den Disambiguierungsprozess sichtbar wurde. Ein phonetischer Parameter wurde genau dann als notwendig klassifiziert, wenn sich durch seine Manipulation die Fähigkeit zur Disambiguierung der syntaktischen Strukturen signifikant reduzierte, oder gänzlich scheiterte, und somit die Wahrnehmung prosodischer Kategorien beinflusst wurde (Heldner, 2001). Hat sich in der Perzeption ein phonetisches Merkmal als notwendig herausgestellt, wurde nachfolgend eine optimalitätstheoretische Modellierung vorgeschlagen, die die phonetischen Eigenschaften auf eine (abstrakte) phonologische Strukturerstellung beschreibt. Dieser Verarbeitungsschritt entspricht dem Teilbereich des Perzeptionsprozesses, der in Boersma & Hamann (2009), Escudero (2009) und Féry et al. (2009) unter anderen als Phonetik-Phonologie-Mapping beschrieben wird. Die Dissertation hat folgende Hauptergebnisse hervorgebracht: (1) Für die Perzeption phonologischer Phrasengrenzen und Intonationsphrasengrenzen werden nicht alle messbaren phonetischen Grenzmarkierungen gleichermaßen stark genutzt. Das phonetische Merkmal der präfinalen Dehnung ist auf der Ebene der kleineren prosodischen Domäne, der phonologischen Phrase, notwendig. Die Information der Grundfrequenz in der Form von Grenztönen ist in der größeren Domäne der Intonationsphrase notwendig und damit ausschlaggebend für die Perzeption der prosodischen Phrasengrenze. (2) Auf der Ebene der φ-Phrase werden phonetische Eigenschaften der segmentalen Dauer in Form präfinalen Dehnung zur Bildung abstrakter phonologischer Repräsentationen herangezogen werden. Längenconstraints schreiben syntaktische Konstituenten aufgrund ihrer Inputdauern einer prosodischen Kategorie zu. Inputdauern der ersten Nominalphrase von 500ms und mehr signalisieren Finalität und sind durch eine φ- Grenze am rechten Rand markiert. Inputdauern von 400ms und weniger signalisieren Kontinuität und werden durch das Ausbleiben einer φ-Grenze am rechten Rand der ersten Nominalphrase markiert. Inputdauern, die zwischen den kritischen Längen von 400ms und 500ms variieren sind bezüglich der Bildung von φ- Grenzen ambig und können in der Perzeption nicht eindeutig disambiguiert werden. (3) Auf der Ebene der ι-Phrase wird die Bildung einer prosodischen Struktur durch die reine tonale Kontur (steigend oder fallend) an der ersten Nominalphrase gelenkt. Eine fallende Grundfrequenzkontur an der ersten Nominalphrase signalisiert Finalität und wird durch eine ι-Grenze am rechten Rand markiert. Eine steigende Kontur an der ersten Nominalphrase signalisiert phrasale Kontinuität und ist bei den vorliegenden Sätzen der Genitivbedingung gerade durch das Ausbleiben einer ι-Grenze auf der phonologischen Repräsentationseben gekennzeichnet. 2013 148 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-81954 Department Linguistik OPUS4-7980 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Kuschmann, Anja Dysarthrie bei infantiler Cerebralparese Potsdam Universitätsverlag Potsdam 2015 6 Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen primärer Störungsbilder 137 143 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-79808 Department Linguistik OPUS4-7981 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Ebert, Susanne; Lowit, Anja Spontansprache bei englischsprachigen Parkinsonpatienten Potsdam Universitätsverlag Potsdam 2015 5 Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen primärer Störungsbilder 145 150 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-79815 Department Linguistik OPUS4-7982 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Rath, Elisa; Heide, Judith; Lorenz, Antje; Wartenburger, Isabell Kompositaverarbeitung bei primär progressiver Aphasie Potsdam Universitätsverlag Potsdam 2015 20 Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen primärer Störungsbilder 151 171 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-79821 Department Linguistik OPUS4-7983 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Hippeli, Carolin; Rausch, Monika Subjektive Krankheitstheorien über Kinder mit Late-Talker-Profil Potsdam Universitätsverlag Potsdam 2015 9 Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen primärer Störungsbilder 173 182 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-79834 Department Linguistik OPUS4-7984 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Würzner, Kay-Michael; Schroeder, Sascha Morphologische und phonologische Repräsentationen in childLex Potsdam Universitätsverlag Potsdam 2015 17 Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen primärer Störungsbilder 183 200 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-79842 Department Linguistik OPUS4-7985 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Czapka, Sophia; Klassert, Annegret Fehleranalyse Schreiben (FeSCH) Potsdam Universitätsverlag Potsdam 2015 7 Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen primärer Störungsbilder 201 208 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-79857 Department Linguistik OPUS4-7986 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Reuters, Sabine Foreign Accent Syndrome Potsdam Universitätsverlag Potsdam 2015 25 Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen primärer Störungsbilder 209 234 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-79868 Department Linguistik OPUS4-7987 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Frank, Ulrike; Frank, Katrin; Zimmermann, Heinrich Effekte einer spezifischen Atemtherapie (Bagging) auf die Atem- und Schluckfunktion bei tracheotomierten Patienten Potsdam Universitätsverlag Potsdam 2015 2 Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen primärer Störungsbilder 235 237 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-79873 Department Linguistik OPUS4-7988 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Peiffers, Sabine; Frank, Ulrike Der Einfluss von Körperparametern auf das Schluckvolumen bei gesunden Erwachsenen Potsdam Universitätsverlag Potsdam 2015 3 Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen primärer Störungsbilder 239 242 urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-79882 Department Linguistik OPUS4-9090 Dissertation Trutkowski, Ewa Topic Drop and Null Subjects in German This study presents new insights into null subjects, topic drop and the interpretation of topic-dropped elements. Besides providing an empirical data survey, it offers explanations to well-known problems, e.g. syncretisms in the context of null-subject licensing or the marginality of dropping an element which carries oblique case. The book constitutes a valuable source for both empirically and theoretically interested (generative) linguists. Berlin de Gruyter 2016 248 Linguistics & Philosophy ; 6 978-3-11-044413-1 Department Linguistik OPUS4-10586 Dissertation Aichert, Ingrid Die Bausteine der phonetischen Enkodierung : Untersuchungen zum sprechmotorischen Lernen bei Sprechapraxie Tönning Der Andere Verlag 2008 iv, 277 S. : graph. Darst. 978-3-89959-765-3 Department Linguistik OPUS4-10611 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Watermeyer, Melanie; Höhle, Barbara; Kauschke, Christina Ausagieren von Sätzen versus Satz-Bild-Zuordnung: Vergleich zweier Methoden zur Untersuchung des Sprachverständnisses anhand von semantisch reversiblen Sätzen mit Objektvoranstellung bei drei- und fünfjährigen Kindern 2011 Department Linguistik OPUS4-10571 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Siegmüller, Julia; Fröhling, Astrid; Herrmann, Heike; Gies, Jeannine Zur Verbesserung des Sprachmodells von Erzieherinnen als Methode zur allgemeinen integrativen Sprachförderung in Kitas - Inputspezifizierung im Kindergarten 2008 Department Linguistik OPUS4-10927 Dissertation Oberecker, Regine Grammatikverarbeitung im Kindesalter : EKP-Studien zum auditorischen Satzverstehen Leipzig MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences 2007 X, 157 S. : graph. Darst. MPI series in human cognitive and brain sciences 93 978-3-936816-67-9 Department Linguistik OPUS4-11029 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Hellmuth, Sam; Skopeteas, Stavros Information Structure in Linguistic Theory and in Speech Production: Validation of a Cross-Linguistics Data Set 2007 Department Linguistik OPUS4-11030 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Kügler, Frank; Skopeteas, Stavros; Verhoeven, Elisabeth Encoding Information structure in Yucatec Maya: on the Interplay of Prosody and Syntax 2007 Department Linguistik OPUS4-11072 Buch (Monographie) Stede, Manfred Korpusgestützte Textanalyse : Grundzüge der Ebenen-orientierten Textlinguistik Tübingen Narr 2007 207 S. 978-3-8233-6301-9 Department Linguistik OPUS4-11076 Dissertation Schmidt-Kassow, Maren What? beat got to do with it? The influence of meter on syntactic processing: ERP evidence from healthy and patient populations Leipzig MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences 2007 iii, 190 S. : Ill., graph. Darst. MPI series in human cognitive and brain sciences 89 978-3-936816-63-1 Department Linguistik OPUS4-11152 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Kügler, Frank The intonational phonology of Swabian and Upper Saxon Tübingen Niemeyer 2007 IX, 194 S. : graph. Darst. Linguistische Arbeiten 515 978-3-484-30515-1 Department Linguistik OPUS4-11218 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Féry, Caroline Information structural notions and the fallacy of invariant correlates 2007 978-3-939469-88-9 Department Linguistik OPUS4-11319 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Puritz, Caroline; Seidl, Rainer Ottis; Frank, Ulrike Die Auswirkungen des Lee Silverman Voice Treatments (LSVT) auf die kortikalen Repräsentation der Schluckmuskulatur bei Patienten mit Morbus Parkinson 2011 Department Linguistik OPUS4-11326 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Siegmüller, Julia; Fröhling, Astrid; Gies, Jeannine; Herrmann, Heike; Konopatsch, Saskia; Pötter, Gitta Sprachförderung als grundsätzliches Begleitelement im Kindergartenalltag : Das Modell PräSES als Beispiel 2007 Department Linguistik OPUS4-11376 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel De Bleser, Ria; Schwarz, Wolfgang; Burchert, Frank Quantitative neurosyntactic analyses : the final word? 2006 10.1016/j.bandl.2005.06.010 Department Linguistik OPUS4-11312 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Schmitz, M.; Höhle, Barbara Habituierung und Dishabituierung als Maße der perzeptuellen und kognitiven Entwicklung : Methoden und Anwendungsbereiche 2007 978-3-8017-1898-5 Department Linguistik OPUS4-11313 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Berger, Frauke; Müller, Anja; Höhle, Barbara; Weissenborn, Jürgen German 4-year-olds comprehension of sentences containing the focus particle "auch" (also) : evidence from eye- tracking 2007 Department Linguistik OPUS4-11391 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Féry, Caroline The fallacy of invariant phonological correlates of Information structural Notions 2007 978-3-939469-88-9 Department Linguistik OPUS4-11501 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel van de Vijver, Ruben; Hellmuth, Sam; Kügler, Frank; Mayer, Jörg; Stoel, Ruben Phonology and intonation 2007 978-3-939469-66- 7 Department Linguistik OPUS4-11502 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Féry, Caroline; Skopeteas, Stavros Contrastive Topics in Pairing Answers : a Cross-Linguistic Production Study 2007 3-11-019315-9 Department Linguistik OPUS4-11504 Dissertation Blaszczak, Joanna Phase syntax : the polish genitive of negation 2007 x, 365 S. Department Linguistik OPUS4-11505 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Féry, Caroline The prosodic basis of of Topicalization 2007 978-90-272-3364-6 Department Linguistik OPUS4-11518 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Endriss, Cornelia; Hinterwimmer, Stefan Direct and indirect abountness topics 2007 978-3-939469-88-9 Department Linguistik OPUS4-11862 Dissertation Paulmann, Silke Electrophysiological evidence on the processing of emotional prosody : insights from healthy and patient populations Leipzig MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences 2006 iv, 281 S. : Ill., graph. Darst. MPI series in human cognitive and brain sciences 71 3-936816-45-X Department Linguistik OPUS4-11982 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Drenhaus, Heiner; Beim Graben, Peter; Saddy, Douglas; Frisch, Stefan Diagnosis and repair of negative polarity constructions in the light of symbolic resonance analysis in a post hoc analysis, we investigate differences in event-related potentials of two studies (Drenhaus et al., 2004, to appear; Saddy et al., 2004) by using the symbolic resonance analysis (Beim Graben & Kurths, 2003). The studies under discussion, examined the failure to license a negative polarity item (NPI) in German: Saddy et al. (2004a) reported an N400 component when the NPI was not accurately licensed by negation; Drenhaus et al. (2004, to appear) considered additionally the influence of constituency of the licensor in NPI constructions. A biphasic N400-P600 response was found for the two induced violations (the lack of licensor and the inaccessibility of negation in a relative clause). The symbolic resonance analysis (SRA) revealed an effect in the P600 time window for the data in Saddy et al., which was not found by using the averaging technique. The SRA of the ERPs in Drenhaus et al., showed that the P600 components are distinguishable concerning the amplitude and latency. It was smaller and earlier in the condition where the licensor is inaccessible, compared to the condition without negation in the string. Our findings suggest that the failure in licensing NPIs is not exclusively related to semantic integration costs (N400). The elicited P600 components reflect differences in syntactic processing. Our results confirm and replicate the effects of the traditional voltage average analysis and show that the SRA is a useful tool to reveal and pull apart ERP differences which are not evident using the traditional voltage average analysis. 2006 10.1016/j.bandl.2005.05.001 Department Linguistik OPUS4-12030 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Féry, Caroline; Samek-Lodovici, Vieri Focus projection and prosodic prominence in nested foci 2006 Department Linguistik OPUS4-12039 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Grabski, Michael; Stede, Manfred Bei : intraclausal coherence relations illustrated with a German preposition Coherence relations are typically taken to link two clauses or larger units and to be signaled at the text surface by conjunctions and certain adverbials. Relations, however, also can hold within clauses, indicated by prepositions like despite, due to, or in case of, when these have an internal argument denoting an eventuality. Although these prepositions act as reliable cues to indicate a specific relation, others are lexically more neutral. We investigated this situation for the German preposition bei, which turns out to be highly ambiguous. We demonstrate the range of readings in a corpus study, proposing 6 more specific prepositions as a comprehensive substitution set. All these uses of bei share a common kernel meaning, which is missed by the standard accounts that assume lexical polysemy. We examine the range of coherence relations that can be signaled by bei and provide some factors here supporting the disambiguation task in a framework of discourse interpretation 2006 10.1207/s15326950dp4102_5 Department Linguistik OPUS4-12276 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Hazan, Valerie; Sennema, Anke; Faulkner, Andrew; Ortega-Llebaria, Marta; Iba, Midori; Chung, Hyunsong The use of visual cues in the perception of non-native consonant contrasts This study assessed the extent to which second-language learners are sensitive to phonetic information contained in visual cues when identifying a non-native phonemic contrast. In experiment 1, Spanish and Japanese learners of English were tested on their perception of a labial/labiodental consonant contrast in audio (A), visual (V), and audio-visual (AV) modalities. Spanish students showed better performance overall, and much greater sensitivity to visual cues than Japanese students. Both learner groups achieved higher scores in the A V than in the A test condition, thus showing evidence of audio-visual benefit. Experiment 2 examined the perception of the less visually-salient /1/-/r/ contrast in Japanese and Korean learners of English. Korean learners obtained much higher scores in auditory and audio- visual conditions than in the visual condition, while Japanese learners generally performed poorly in both modalities. Neither. group showed evidence of audio-visual benefit. These results show the impact of the language background of the learner and visual salience of the contrast on the use of visual cues for a non-native contrast. Significant correlations between scores in the auditory and visual conditions suggest that increasing auditory proficiency in identifying a non-native contrast is linked with an increasing proficiency in using visual cues to the contrast. 2006 10.1121/1.2166611 Department Linguistik OPUS4-12538 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Féry, Caroline Gradient Perception of Intonation 2006 0-19-927479-7 Department Linguistik OPUS4-12488 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Gies, Jeannine Phonologischer Erwerb ab dem zweiten Lebensjahr 2006 3-437-47780-3 Department Linguistik OPUS4-12489 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Gies, Jeannine Erwerb der Phone 2006 3-437-47780-3 Department Linguistik OPUS4-12471 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Höhle, Barbara; van de Vijver, Ruben; Weisenborn, J. Word processing at 19 months at its relation to language performance at 30 months : a retrospective analysis of data from German learning children 2006 Department Linguistik OPUS4-12472 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Ott, Susan; van de Vijver, Ruben; Höhle, Barbara The effect of phonotactic constraints in German-speaking children with delayed phonological acquisition : Evidence from production of word-initial consonant clusters 2006 Department Linguistik OPUS4-12473 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Pelzer, Lydia; Höhle, Barbara Processing of morphological markers as a cue to syntactic phrases by 10-month-olds German-learning infants 2006 1847180280 Department Linguistik OPUS4-12474 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Schmitz, Michaela; Höhle, Barbara; Müller, Anja; Weissenborn, Jürgen The recognition of the prosodic focus position in German-Learning Infants from 4 to 14 Months 2006 Department Linguistik OPUS4-12475 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Müller, A.; Höhle, Barbara; Schmitz, M.; Weissenborn, Jürgen Focus-to-stress alignment in 4- to 5-year-old German-learning children 2006 1847180280 Department Linguistik OPUS4-12476 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Höhle, Barbara; Schmitz, M.; Santelmann, L. M.; Weissenborn, Jürgen The recognition of discontinuous verbal dependencies by German 19-month-olds : evidence for lexical and structural influences on childrens early processing capacities 2006 Department Linguistik OPUS4-12477 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Höhle, Barbara; van de Vijver, Ruben; Bartels, Sonja; Weissenborn, Jürgen Phonological specificity of early lexical representations in German 19-month-olds at risk for SLI 2006 Department Linguistik OPUS4-12478 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Pelzer, Lydia; Höhle, Barbara The impact of morphological markers on infants' and adults' speech processing 2006 Department Linguistik OPUS4-13350 Dissertation Stepanov, Arthur Recursion in natural language syntax: a minimalist perspective Potsdam 2005 166 S. Department Linguistik OPUS4-13285 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Kasimir, Elke Question-answer test and givenness : some question marks 2005 3-937786-01-5 Department Linguistik OPUS4-13286 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Weskott, Thomas Stopn bashing givenness! a note on Elke Kasimir's "Question-answer test and givenness" 2005 3-937786-01-5 Department Linguistik OPUS4-13287 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Sennema, Anke; van de Vijver, Ruben; Carroll, Susanne E.; Zimmer-Stahl, Anne Focus accent, word lenght and position as cues to L1 and L2 word recognition 2005 3-937786-01-5 Department Linguistik OPUS4-13543 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Burchert, Frank; Swoboda-Moll, Maria; De Bleser, Ria Tense and Agreement dissociations in German agrammatic speakers : Underspecification vs. hierarchy The aim of the present paper was to investigate whether German agrammatic production data are compatible with the Tree-Pruning-Hypothesis (TPH; Friedmann & Grodzinsky, 1997). The theory predicts unidirectional patterns of dissociation in agrammatic production data with respect to Tense and Agreement. However, there was evidence of a double dissociation between Tense and Agreement in our data. The presence of a bidirectional dissociation is incompatible with any theory which assumes a hierarchical order between these categories such as the TPH or other versions thereof (such as Lee's, 2003 top-down hypothesis). It will be argued that the data can better be accounted for by relying on newer linguistic theories such as the Minimalist Program (MP, Chomsky, 2000), which does not assume a hierarchical order between independent syntactic Tense and Agreement nodes but treats them as different features (semantically interpretable vs. uninterpretable) under a single node. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved 2005 Department Linguistik OPUS4-13547 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Carroll, Susanne E. Input and SLA : Adults' sensitivity to different sorts of cues to French gender All second language (L2) learning theories presuppose that learners learn the target language from the speech signal (or written material, when learners are reading), so an understanding of learners' ability to detect and represent novel patterns in linguistic stimuli will constitute a major building block in an adequate theory of second language acquisition (SLA) input. Pattern detection, a mainstay of current connectionist modeling of language learning, presupposes a sensitivity to particular properties of the signal. Learning abstract grammatical knowledge from the signal presupposes, as well, the capacity to map phonetic properties of the signal onto properties of another type (segments and syllables, morpheme categories, and so on). Thus, even seemingly "simple" grammatical phenomena may embody complex structural knowledge and be instantiated by a plethora of diverse cues. Moreover, cues have no a priori status; a phenomenon of a given sort takes on a value as a cue when acquisition of the grammatical system reveals it to be useful. My study deals with initial sensitivity to cues to gender attribution in French. Andersen (1984) asked: "What's gender good for anyway?" One answer comes from a number of studies, done mostly in the last 20 years, of gender processing by both monolingual and bilingual speakers (among many others, Bates, Devescovi, Hernandez, & Pizzamiglio, 1996; Bates & Liu, 1997; Friederici & Jacobsen, 1990; Grosjean, Dommergues, Cornu, Guillemon, & Besson, 1994; Guillemon & Grosjean, 2001; Taft & Meunier, 1998). These studies provide evidence that in monolinguals and early (but not late) L2 learners, prenominal morphosyntactic exponents of gender prime noun activation and speed up noun recognition. Over the same period, a growing number of studies detailing the course of L2 gender acquisition for a variety of different target languages and learner types (e.g., Bartning, 2000; Chini, 1995; Dewaele & Veronique, 2000; Granfeldt, 2003; Hawkins & Franceschina, 2004) have provided support for the hypothesis that developmental paths differ for early and later learners of gender. Yet despite its obvious importance to SLA theorizing, few studies have dealt directly with adult learners' ability to detect and analyze potential cues to gender at the initial stage of exposure to the L2 (and this despite considerable discussion in recent years of the nature of the "initial state" of L2 learning). The study reported on in this article, which was actually conducted in the late 1980s, was an attempt to shed some light on what the beginning learner can do with the gender attribution problem. This study was, at that time, and is even now, an anomaly; most research dealing with "input" provided descriptions of what people say to learners, not what learners can perceive and represent. Indeed, most studies that shed light on the initial analytical capacities of absolute beginners were concerned with "perceptual" learning, that is, with the acquisition of phonetic or phonological distinctions (e.g., Broselow, Hurtig, & Ringen's [19871 study of tone learning or various studies on the perception of the /r/ vs. /l/ phonemes in American English by Ja 2005 Department Linguistik OPUS4-13535 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Burchert, Frank; Weldlich, C.; De Bleser, Ria Focus in the left periphery : a cue to agrammatic sentence comprehension? 2005 Department Linguistik OPUS4-13538 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Burchert, Frank; Swoboda-Moll, Maria; De Bleser, Ria The left periphery in agrammatic clausal representations : evidence from German Recently, neurolinguistic explanations informed by linguistic theory have been proposed to account for spontaneous and elicited agrammatic speech production. These are either formulated in terms of impaired representations or they refer to impaired processing. Both have in common that they assume severe disorders of question production due to vulnerability of the left periphery of sentence structures in the representational account, of verb movement in the processing account. We report the results of question elicitation and spontaneous speech analysis in eight chronic German agrammatic speakers. The results indicate that there is not one homogeneous agrammatic pattern, but that the data reveal double dissociations which cannot be accounted for by the unitary explanations of agrammatism which are presently available. An alternative explanation will be provided which-in contrast to the representational account not only refers to global hierarchically organized nodes but relies on linguistic differences within these nodes. The assumption that they can be differentially affected in agrammatism can account for the observed patterns. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved 2005 Department Linguistik OPUS4-13476 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Perani, Daniela; Abutalebi, Jubin The neural basis of first and second language processing Fundamental breakthroughs in the neurosciences, combined with technical innovations for measuring brain activity, are shedding new light on the neural basis of second language (L2) processing, and on its relationship to native language processing (L1). The long-held assumption that L1 and L2 are necessarily represented in different brain regions in bilinguals has not been confirmed. On the contrary, the available evidence indicates that L1 and L2 are processed by the same neural devices. The neural differences in L1 and L2 representations are only related to the specific computational demands, which vary according to the age of acquisition, the degree of mastery and the level of exposure to each language. Finally, the acquisition of L2 could be considered as a dynamic process, requiring additional neural resources in specific circumstances 2005 Department Linguistik OPUS4-13524 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel De Bleser, Ria; Marshall, J. C. Egon Weigl and the concept of inner speech 2005 Department Linguistik OPUS4-13487 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Allefeld, Carsten; Frisch, Stefan; Schlesewsky, Matthias Detection of early cognitive processing by event-related phase synchronization analysis In order to investigate the temporal characteristics of cognitive processing, we apply multivariate phase synchronization analysis to event-related potentials. The experimental design combines a semantic incongruity in a sentence context with a physical mismatch (color change). In the ERP average, these result in an N400 component and a P300-like positivity, respectively. Synchronization analysis shows an effect of global desynchronization in the theta band around 288 ms after stimulus presentation for the semantic incongruity, while the physical mismatch elicits an increase of global synchronization in the alpha band around 204 ms. Both of these effects clearly precede those in the ERP aver-age. Moreover, the delay between synchronization effect and ERP component correlates with the complexity Of the cognitive processes. (C) 2005 Lippincott Williams Wilkins 2005 Department Linguistik OPUS4-13657 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Beim Graben, Peter Symbolic resonance analysis of event-related potentials distinguishes different physiological processes 2005 Department Linguistik OPUS4-13658 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Beim Graben, Peter; Frisch, Stefan; Fink, A.; Saddy, Douglas; Kurths, Jürgen Topographic voltage and coherence mapping of brain potentials by means of the symbolic resonance analysis We apply the recently developed symbolic resonance analysis to electroencephalographic measurements of event- related brain potentials (ERPs) in a language processing experiment by using a three-symbol static encoding with varying thresholds for analyzing the ERP epochs, followed by a spin-flip transformation as a nonlinear filter. We compute an estimator of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the symbolic dynamics measuring the coherence of threshold-crossing events. Hence, we utilize the inherent noise of the EEG for sweeping the underlying ERP components beyond the encoding thresholds. Plotting the SNR computed within the time window of a particular ERP component (the N400) against the encoding thresholds, we find different resonance curves for the experimental conditions. The maximal differences of the SNR lead to the estimation of optimal encoding thresholds. We show that topographic brain maps of the optimal threshold voltages and of their associated coherence differences are able to dissociate the underlying physiological processes, while corresponding maps gained from the customary voltage averaging technique are unable to do so 2005 Department Linguistik OPUS4-13902 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Thompson, Sandra A.; Couper-Kuhlen, Elizabeth The clause as a locus of grammar and interaction This article draws on work at the interface of grammar and interaction to argue that the clause is a locus of interaction, in the sense that it is one of the most frequent grammatical formats which speakers orient to in projecting what actions are being done by others' utterances and in acting on these projections. Yet the way in which the clause affords grammatical projectability varies significantly from language to language. In fact, it depends on the nature of the clausal grammatical formats which are available as resources in a language: in some languages these allow early projection in the turn unit (as in English), in others they do not (as in Japanese). We focus here on these two languages and show that their variable grammatical projectability has repercussions on the way in which three interactional phenomena - next-turn onset, co-construction, and turn-unit extension - are realized in the respective speech communities. In each case the practices used are precisely the ones which the clausal grammatical formats in the given language promote. The evidence thus suggests that clauses are interactionally warranted, if variably built, formats for social action 2005 Department Linguistik OPUS4-13842 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Féry, Caroline; Ishihara, Shinichiro Phonetic correlates of Second occurrence Focus 2005 1-4196-5252-4 Department Linguistik OPUS4-13839 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Féry, Caroline Laute und leise Prosodie 2005 3-11-018871-6 Department Linguistik OPUS4-13840 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Féry, Caroline; Morimoto, Yokiko; Mchombo, Sam Partitioning Discourse Information : a case Chichewa split constituents 2005 Department Linguistik OPUS4-13841 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Féry, Caroline; Hartmann, Katharina The Focus and prosodic structure of German Gapping and right Node Raising 2005 Department Linguistik