Dokument-ID Dokumenttyp Verfasser/Autoren Herausgeber Haupttitel Abstract Auflage Verlagsort Verlag Erscheinungsjahr Seitenzahl Schriftenreihe Titel Schriftenreihe Bandzahl ISBN Quelle der Hochschulschrift Konferenzname Quelle:Titel Quelle:Jahrgang Quelle:Heftnummer Quelle:Erste Seite Quelle:Letzte Seite URN DOI Abteilungen OPUS4-38667 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Aarts, Alexander A.; Anderson, Joanna E.; Anderson, Christopher J.; Attridge, Peter R.; Attwood, Angela; Axt, Jordan; Babel, Molly; Bahnik, Stepan; Baranski, Erica; Barnett-Cowan, Michael; Bartmess, Elizabeth; Beer, Jennifer; Bell, Raoul; Bentley, Heather; Beyan, Leah; Binion, Grace; Borsboom, Denny; Bosch, Annick; Bosco, Frank A.; Bowman, Sara D.; Brandt, Mark J.; Braswell, Erin; Brohmer, Hilmar; Brown, Benjamin T.; Brown, Kristina; Bruening, Jovita; Calhoun-Sauls, Ann; Callahan, Shannon P.; Chagnon, Elizabeth; Chandler, Jesse; Chartier, Christopher R.; Cheung, Felix; Christopherson, Cody D.; Cillessen, Linda; Clay, Russ; Cleary, Hayley; Cloud, Mark D.; Cohn, Michael; Cohoon, Johanna; Columbus, Simon; Cordes, Andreas; Costantini, Giulio; Alvarez, Leslie D. Cramblet; Cremata, Ed; Crusius, Jan; DeCoster, Jamie; DeGaetano, Michelle A.; Della Penna, Nicolas; den Bezemer, Bobby; Deserno, Marie K.; Devitt, Olivia; Dewitte, Laura; Dobolyi, David G.; Dodson, Geneva T.; Donnellan, M. Brent; Donohue, Ryan; Dore, Rebecca A.; Dorrough, Angela; Dreber, Anna; Dugas, Michelle; Dunn, Elizabeth W.; Easey, Kayleigh; Eboigbe, Sylvia; Eggleston, Casey; Embley, Jo; Epskamp, Sacha; Errington, Timothy M.; Estel, Vivien; Farach, Frank J.; Feather, Jenelle; Fedor, Anna; Fernandez-Castilla, Belen; Fiedler, Susann; Field, James G.; Fitneva, Stanka A.; Flagan, Taru; Forest, Amanda L.; Forsell, Eskil; Foster, Joshua D.; Frank, Michael C.; Frazier, Rebecca S.; Fuchs, Heather; Gable, Philip; Galak, Jeff; Galliani, Elisa Maria; Gampa, Anup; Garcia, Sara; Gazarian, Douglas; Gilbert, Elizabeth; Giner-Sorolla, Roger; Glöckner, Andreas; Göllner, Lars; Goh, Jin X.; Goldberg, Rebecca; Goodbourn, Patrick T.; Gordon-McKeon, Shauna; Gorges, Bryan; Gorges, Jessie; Goss, Justin; Graham, Jesse; Grange, James A.; Gray, Jeremy; Hartgerink, Chris; Hartshorne, Joshua; Hasselman, Fred; Hayes, Timothy; Heikensten, Emma; Henninger, Felix; Hodsoll, John; Holubar, Taylor; Hoogendoorn, Gea; Humphries, Denise J.; Hung, Cathy O. -Y.; Immelman, Nathali; Irsik, Vanessa C.; Jahn, Georg; Jaekel, Frank; Jekel, Marc; Johannesson, Magnus; Johnson, Larissa G.; Johnson, David J.; Johnson, Kate M.; Johnston, William J.; Jonas, Kai; Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A.; Kappes, Heather Barry; Kelso, Kim; Kidwell, Mallory C.; Kim, Seung Kyung; Kirkhart, Matthew; Kleinberg, Bennett; Knezevic, Goran; Kolorz, Franziska Maria; Kossakowski, Jolanda J.; Krause, Robert Wilhelm; Krijnen, Job; Kuhlmann, Tim; Kunkels, Yoram K.; Kyc, Megan M.; Lai, Calvin K.; Laique, Aamir; Lakens, Daniel; Lane, Kristin A.; Lassetter, Bethany; Lazarevic, Ljiljana B.; LeBel, Etienne P.; Lee, Key Jung; Lee, Minha; Lemm, Kristi; Levitan, Carmel A.; Lewis, Melissa; Lin, Lin; Lin, Stephanie; Lippold, Matthias; Loureiro, Darren; Luteijn, Ilse; Mackinnon, Sean; Mainard, Heather N.; Marigold, Denise C.; Martin, Daniel P.; Martinez, Tylar; Masicampo, E. J.; Matacotta, Josh; Mathur, Maya; May, Michael; Mechin, Nicole; Mehta, Pranjal; Meixner, Johannes; Melinger, Alissa; Miller, Jeremy K.; Miller, Mallorie; Moore, Katherine; Möschl, Marcus; Motyl, Matt; Müller, Stephanie M.; Munafo, Marcus; Neijenhuijs, Koen I.; Nervi, Taylor; Nicolas, Gandalf; Nilsonne, Gustav; Nosek, Brian A.; Nuijten, Michele B.; Olsson, Catherine; Osborne, Colleen; Ostkamp, Lutz; Pavel, Misha; Penton-Voak, Ian S.; Perna, Olivia; Pernet, Cyril; Perugini, Marco; Pipitone, R. Nathan; Pitts, Michael; Plessow, Franziska; Prenoveau, Jason M.; Rahal, Rima-Maria; Ratliff, Kate A.; Reinhard, David; Renkewitz, Frank; Ricker, Ashley A.; Rigney, Anastasia; Rivers, Andrew M.; Roebke, Mark; Rutchick, Abraham M.; Ryan, Robert S.; Sahin, Onur; Saide, Anondah; Sandstrom, Gillian M.; Santos, David; Saxe, Rebecca; Schlegelmilch, Rene; Schmidt, Kathleen; Scholz, Sabine; Seibel, Larissa; Selterman, Dylan Faulkner; Shaki, Samuel; Simpson, William B.; Sinclair, H. Colleen; Skorinko, Jeanine L. M.; Slowik, Agnieszka; Snyder, Joel S.; Soderberg, Courtney; Sonnleitner, Carina; Spencer, Nick; Spies, Jeffrey R.; Steegen, Sara; Stieger, Stefan; Strohminger, Nina; Sullivan, Gavin B.; Talhelm, Thomas; Tapia, Megan; te Dorsthorst, Anniek; Thomae, Manuela; Thomas, Sarah L.; Tio, Pia; Traets, Frits; Tsang, Steve; Tuerlinckx, Francis; Turchan, Paul; Valasek, Milan; Van Aert, Robbie; van Assen, Marcel; van Bork, Riet; van de Ven, Mathijs; van den Bergh, Don; van der Hulst, Marije; van Dooren, Roel; van Doorn, Johnny; van Renswoude, Daan R.; van Rijn, Hedderik; Vanpaemel, Wolf; Echeverria, Alejandro Vasquez; Vazquez, Melissa; Velez, Natalia; Vermue, Marieke; Verschoor, Mark; Vianello, Michelangelo; Voracek, Martin; Vuu, Gina; Wagenmakers, Eric-Jan; Weerdmeester, Joanneke; Welsh, Ashlee; Westgate, Erin C.; Wissink, Joeri; Wood, Michael; Woods, Andy; Wright, Emily; Wu, Sining; Zeelenberg, Marcel; Zuni, Kellylynn Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science Reproducibility is a defining feature of science, but the extent to which it characterizes current research is unknown. We conducted replications of 100 experimental and correlational studies published in three psychology journals using high-powered designs and original materials when available. Replication effects were half the magnitude of original effects, representing a substantial decline. Ninety-seven percent of original studies had statistically significant results. Thirty-six percent of replications had statistically significant results; 47% of original effect sizes were in the 95% confidence interval of the replication effect size; 39% of effects were subjectively rated to have replicated the original result; and if no bias in original results is assumed, combining original and replication results left 68% with statistically significant effects. Correlational tests suggest that replication success was better predicted by the strength of original evidence than by characteristics of the original and replication teams. Washington American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science 2015 8 Science 349 6251 10.1126/science.aac4716 Department Psychologie OPUS4-35934 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Taal, H. Rob; St Pourcain, Beate; Thiering, Elisabeth; Das, Shikta; Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O.; Warrington, Nicole M.; Kaakinen, Marika; Kreiner-Moller, Eskil; Bradfield, Jonathan P.; Freathy, Rachel M.; Geller, Frank; Guxens, Monica; Cousminer, Diana L.; Kerkhof, Marjan; Timpson, Nicholas J.; Ikram, M. Arfan; Beilin, Lawrence J.; Bonnelykke, Klaus; Buxton, Jessica L.; Charoen, Pimphen; Chawes, Bo Lund Krogsgaard; Eriksson, Johan; Evans, David M.; Hofman, Albert; Kemp, John P.; Kim, Cecilia E.; Klopp, Norman; Lahti, Jari; Lye, Stephen J.; McMahon, George; Mentch, Frank D.; Mueller-Nurasyid, Martina; O'Reilly, Paul F.; Prokopenko, Inga; Rivadeneira, Fernando; Steegers, Eric A. P.; Sunyer, Jordi; Tiesler, Carla; Yaghootkar, Hanieh; Breteler, Monique M. B.; Debette, Stephanie; Fornage, Myriam; Gudnason, Vilmundur; Launer, Lenore J.; van der Lugt, Aad; Mosley, Thomas H.; Seshadri, Sudha; Smith, Albert V.; Vernooij, Meike W.; Blakemore, Alexandra I. F.; Chiavacci, Rosetta M.; Feenstra, Bjarke; Fernandez-Banet, Julio; Grant, Struan F. A.; Hartikainen, Anna-Liisa; van der Heijden, Albert J.; Iniguez, Carmen; Lathrop, Mark; McArdle, Wendy L.; Molgaard, Anne; Newnham, John P.; Palmer, Lyle J.; Palotie, Aarno; Pouta, Annneli; Ring, Susan M.; Sovio, Ulla; Standl, Marie; Uitterlinden, Andre G.; Wichmann, H-Erich; Vissing, Nadja Hawwa; DeCarli, Charles; van Duijn, Cornelia M.; McCarthy, Mark I.; Koppelman, Gerard H.; Estivill, Xavier; Hattersley, Andrew T.; Melbye, Mads; Bisgaard, Hans; Pennell, Craig E.; Widen, Elisabeth; Hakonarson, Hakon; Smith, George Davey; Heinrich, Joachim; Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.; Adair, Linda S.; Ang, Wei; Atalay, Mustafa; van Beijsterveldt, Toos; Bergen, Nienke; Benke, Kelly; Berry, Diane J.; Bradfield, Jonathan P.; Charoen, Pimphen; Coin, Lachlan; Cousminer, Diana L.; Das, Shikta; Davis, Oliver S. P.; Elliott, Paul; Evans, David M.; Feenstra, Bjarke; Flexeder, Claudia; Frayling, Tim; Freathy, Rachel M.; Gaillard, Romy; Geller, Frank; Groen-Blokhuis, Maria; Goh, Liang-Kee; Guxens, Monica; Haworth, Claire M. A.; Hadley, Dexter; Hebebrand, Johannes; Hinney, Anke; Hirschhorn, Joel N.; Holloway, John W.; Holst, Claus; Hottenga, Jouke Jan; Horikoshi, Momoko; Huikari, Ville; Hypponen, Elina; Iniguez, Carmen; Kaakinen, Marika; Kilpelainen, Tuomas O.; Kirin, Mirna; Kowgier, Matthew; Lakka, Hanna-Maaria; Lange, Leslie A.; Lawlor, Debbie A.; Lehtimaki, Terho; Lewin, Alex; Lindgren, Cecilia; Lindi, Virpi; Maggi, Reedik; Marsh, Julie; Middeldorp, Christel; Millwood, Iona; Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O.; Murray, Jeffrey C.; Nivard, Michel; Nohr, Ellen Aagaard; Ntalla, Ioanna; Oken, Emily; O'Reilly, Paul F.; Palmer, Lyle J.; Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope; Pararajasingham, Jennifer; Prokopenko, Inga; Rodriguez, Alina; Salem, Rany M.; Sebert, Sylvain; Siitonen, Niina; Sovio, Ulla; St Pourcain, Beate; Strachan, David P.; Sunyer, Jordi; Taal, H. Rob; Teo, Yik-Ying; Thiering, Elisabeth; Tiesler, Carla; Uitterlinden, Andre G.; Valcarcel, Beatriz; Warrington, Nicole M.; White, Scott; Willemsen, Gonneke; Yaghootkar, Hanieh; Zeggini, Eleftheria; Boomsma, Dorret I.; Cooper, Cyrus; Estivill, Xavier; Gillman, Matthew; Grant, Struan F. A.; Hakonarson, Hakon; Hattersley, Andrew T.; Heinrich, Joachim; Hocher, Berthold; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.; Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta; Lakka, Timo A.; McCarthy, Mark I.; Melbye, Mads; Mohlke, Karen L.; Dedoussis, George V.; Ong, Ken K.; Pearson, Ewan R.; Pennell, Craig E.; Price, Thomas S.; Power, Chris; Raitakari, Olli T.; Saw, Seang-Mei; Scherag, Andre; Simell, Olli; Sorensen, Thorkild I. A.; Timpson, Nicholas J.; Widen, Elisabeth; Wilson, James F.; Ang, Wei; van Beijsterveldt, Toos; Bergen, Nienke; Benke, Kelly; Berry, Diane J.; Bradfield, Jonathan P.; Charoen, Pimphen; Coin, Lachlan; Cousminer, Diana L.; Das, Shikta; Elliott, Paul; Evans, David M.; Frayling, Tim; Freathy, Rachel M.; Gaillard, Romy; Groen-Blokhuis, Maria; Guxens, Monica; Hadley, Dexter; Hottenga, Jouke Jan; Huikari, Ville; Hypponen, Elina; Kaakinen, Marika; Kowgier, Matthew; Lawlor, Debbie A.; Lewin, Alex; Lindgren, Cecilia; Marsh, Julie; Middeldorp, Christel; Millwood, Iona; Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O.; Nivard, Michel; O'Reilly, Paul F.; Palmer, Lyle J.; Prokopenko, Inga; Rodriguez, Alina; Sebert, Sylvain; Sovio, Ulla; St Pourcain, Beate; Standl, Marie; Strachan, David P.; Sunyer, Jordi; Taal, H. Rob; Thiering, Elisabeth; Tiesler, Carla; Uitterlinden, Andre G.; Valcarcel, Beatriz; Warrington, Nicole M.; White, Scott; Willemsen, Gonneke; Yaghootkar, Hanieh; Boomsma, Dorret I.; Estivill, Xavier; Grant, Struan F. A.; Hakonarson, Hakon; Hattersley, Andrew T.; Heinrich, Joachim; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.; Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta; McCarthy, Mark I.; Pennell, Craig E.; Power, Chris; Timpson, Nicholas J.; Widen, Elisabeth; Ikram, M. Arfan; Fornage, Myriam; Smith, Albert V.; Seshadri, Sudha; Schmidt, Reinhold; Debette, Stephanie; Vrooman, Henri A.; Sigurdsson, Sigurdur; Ropele, Stefan; Coker, Laura H.; Longstreth, W. T.; Niessen, Wiro J.; DeStefano, Anita L.; Beiser, Alexa; Zijdenbos, Alex P.; Struchalin, Maksim; Jack, Clifford R.; Nalls, Mike A.; Au, Rhoda; Hofman, Albert; Gudnason, Haukur; van der Lugt, Aad; Harris, Tamara B.; Meeks, William M.; Vernooij, Meike W.; van Buchem, Mark A.; Catellier, Diane; Gudnason, Vilmundur; Windham, B. Gwen; Wolf, Philip A.; van Duijn, Cornelia M.; Mosley, Thomas H.; Schmidt, Helena; Launer, Lenore J.; Breteler, Monique M. B.; DeCarli, Charles Common variants at 12q15 and 12q24 are associated with infant head circumference To identify genetic variants associated with head circumference in infancy, we performed a meta-analysis of seven genome-wide association studies (GWAS) (N = 10,768 individuals of European ancestry enrolled in pregnancy and/or birth cohorts) and followed up three lead signals in six replication studies (combined N = 19,089). rs7980687 on chromosome 12q24 (P = 8.1 x 10(-9)) and rs1042725 on chromosome 12q15 (P = 2.8 x 10(-10)) were robustly associated with head circumference in infancy. Although these loci have previously been associated with adult height(1), their effects on infant head circumference were largely independent of height (P = 3.8 x 10(-7) for rs7980687 and P = 1.3 x 10(-7) for rs1042725 after adjustment for infant height). A third signal, rs11655470 on chromosome 17q21, showed suggestive evidence of association with head circumference (P = 3.9 x 10(-6)). SNPs correlated to the 17q21 signal have shown genome-wide association with adult intracranial volume(2), Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases(3-5), indicating that a common genetic variant in this region might link early brain growth with neurological disease in later life. New York Nature Publ. Group 2012 9 Nature genetics 44 5 532 + 10.1038/ng.2238 Institut für Biochemie und Biologie OPUS4-50042 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Middeldorp, Christel M.; Mahajan, Anubha; Horikoshi, Momoko; Robertson, Neil R.; Beaumont, Robin N.; Bradfield, Jonathan P.; Bustamante, Mariona; Cousminer, Diana L.; Day, Felix R.; De Silva, N. Maneka; Guxens, Monica; Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O.; St Pourcain, Beate; Warrington, Nicole M.; Adair, Linda S.; Ahlqvist, Emma; Ahluwalia, Tarunveer Singh; Almgren, Peter; Ang, Wei; Atalay, Mustafa; Auvinen, Juha; Bartels, Meike; Beckmann, Jacques S.; Bilbao, Jose Ramon; Bond, Tom; Borja, Judith B.; Cavadino, Alana; Charoen, Pimphen; Chen, Zhanghua; Coin, Lachlan; Cooper, Cyrus; Curtin, John A.; Custovic, Adnan; Das, Shikta; Davies, Gareth E.; Dedoussis, George V.; Duijts, Liesbeth; Eastwood, Peter R.; Eliasen, Anders U.; Elliott, Paul; Eriksson, Johan G.; Estivill, Xavier; Fadista, Joao; Fedko, Iryna O.; Frayling, Timothy M.; Gaillard, Romy; Gauderman, W. James; Geller, Frank; Gilliland, Frank; Gilsanz, Vincente; Granell, Raquel; Grarup, Niels; Groop, Leif; Hadley, Dexter; Hakonarson, Hakon; Hansen, Torben; Hartman, Catharina A.; Hattersley, Andrew T.; Hayes, M. Geoffrey; Hebebrand, Johannes; Heinrich, Joachim; Helgeland, Oyvind; Henders, Anjali K.; Henderson, John; Henriksen, Tine B.; Hirschhorn, Joel N.; Hivert, Marie-France; Hocher, Berthold; Holloway, John W.; Holt, Patrick; Hottenga, Jouke-Jan; Hypponen, Elina; Iniguez, Carmen; Johansson, Stefan; Jugessur, Astanand; Kahonen, Mika; Kalkwarf, Heidi J.; Kaprio, Jaakko; Karhunen, Ville; Kemp, John P.; Kerkhof, Marjan; Koppelman, Gerard H.; Korner, Antje; Kotecha, Sailesh; Kreiner-Moller, Eskil; Kulohoma, Benard; Kumar, Ashish; Kutalik, Zoltan; Lahti, Jari; Lappe, Joan M.; Larsson, Henrik; Lehtimaki, Terho; Lewin, Alexandra M.; Li, Jin; Lichtenstein, Paul; Lindgren, Cecilia M.; Lindi, Virpi; Linneberg, Allan; Liu, Xueping; Liu, Jun; Lowe, William L.; Lundstrom, Sebastian; Lyytikainen, Leo-Pekka; Ma, Ronald C. W.; Mace, Aurelien; Magi, Reedik; Magnus, Per; Mamun, Abdullah A.; Mannikko, Minna; Martin, Nicholas G.; Mbarek, Hamdi; McCarthy, Nina S.; Medland, Sarah E.; Melbye, Mads; Melen, Erik; Mohlke, Karen L.; Monnereau, Claire; Morgen, Camilla S.; Morris, Andrew P.; Murray, Jeffrey C.; Myhre, Ronny; Najman, Jackob M.; Nivard, Michel G.; Nohr, Ellen A.; Nolte, Ilja M.; Ntalla, Ioanna; Oberfield, Sharon E.; Oken, Emily; Oldehinkel, Albertine J.; Pahkala, Katja; Palviainen, Teemu; Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope; Pedersen, Oluf; Pennell, Craig E.; Pershagen, Goran; Pitkanen, Niina; Plomin, Robert; Power, Christine; Prasad, Rashmi B.; Prokopenko, Inga; Pulkkinen, Lea; Raikkonen, Katri; Raitakari, Olli T.; Reynolds, Rebecca M.; Richmond, Rebecca C.; Rivadeneira, Fernando; Rodriguez, Alina; Rose, Richard J.; Salem, Rany; Santa-Marina, Loreto; Saw, Seang-Mei; Schnurr, Theresia M.; Scott, James G.; Selzam, Saskia; Shepherd, John A.; Simpson, Angela; Skotte, Line; Sleiman, Patrick M. A.; Snieder, Harold; Sorensen, Thorkild I. A.; Standl, Marie; Steegers, Eric A. P.; Strachan, David P.; Straker, Leon; Strandberg, Timo; Taylor, Michelle; Teo, Yik-Ying; Thiering, Elisabeth; Torrent, Maties; Tyrrell, Jessica; Uitterlinden, Andre G.; van Beijsterveldt, Toos; van der Most, Peter J.; van Duijn, Cornelia M.; Viikari, Jorma; Vilor-Tejedor, Natalia; Vogelezang, Suzanne; Vonk, Judith M.; Vrijkotte, Tanja G. M.; Vuoksimaa, Eero; Wang, Carol A.; Watkins, William J.; Wichmann, H-Erich; Willemsen, Gonneke; Williams, Gail M.; Wilson, James F.; Wray, Naomi R.; Xu, Shujing; Xu, Cheng-Jian; Yaghootkar, Hanieh; Yi, Lu; Zafarmand, Mohammad Hadi; Zeggini, Eleftheria; Zemel, Babette S.; Hinney, Anke; Lakka, Timo A.; Whitehouse, Andrew J. O.; Sunyer, Jordi; Widen, Elisabeth E.; Feenstra, Bjarke; Sebert, Sylvain; Jacobsson, Bo; Njolstad, Pal R.; Stoltenberg, Camilla; Smith, George Davey; Lawlor, Debbie A.; Paternoster, Lavinia; Timpson, Nicholas J.; Ong, Ken K.; Bisgaard, Hans; Bonnelykke, Klaus; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.; Tiemeier, Henning; Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta; Evans, David M.; Perry, John R. B.; Grant, Struan F. A.; Boomsma, Dorret I.; Freathy, Rachel M.; McCarthy, Mark I.; Felix, Janine F. The Early Growth Genetics (EGG) and EArly Genetics and Lifecourse Epidemiology (EAGLE) consortia The impact of many unfavorable childhood traits or diseases, such as low birth weight and mental disorders, is not limited to childhood and adolescence, as they are also associated with poor outcomes in adulthood, such as cardiovascular disease. Insight into the genetic etiology of childhood and adolescent traits and disorders may therefore provide new perspectives, not only on how to improve wellbeing during childhood, but also how to prevent later adverse outcomes. To achieve the sample sizes required for genetic research, the Early Growth Genetics (EGG) and EArly Genetics and Lifecourse Epidemiology (EAGLE) consortia were established. The majority of the participating cohorts are longitudinal population-based samples, but other cohorts with data on early childhood phenotypes are also involved. Cohorts often have a broad focus and collect(ed) data on various somatic and psychiatric traits as well as environmental factors. Genetic variants have been successfully identified for multiple traits, for example, birth weight, atopic dermatitis, childhood BMI, allergic sensitization, and pubertal growth. Furthermore, the results have shown that genetic factors also partly underlie the association with adult traits. As sample sizes are still increasing, it is expected that future analyses will identify additional variants. This, in combination with the development of innovative statistical methods, will provide detailed insight on the mechanisms underlying the transition from childhood to adult disorders. Both consortia welcome new collaborations. Policies and contact details are available from the corresponding authors of this manuscript and/or the consortium websites. Dordrecht Springer 2019 22 European journal of epidemiology 34 3 279 300 10.1007/s10654-019-00502-9 Institut für Biochemie und Biologie OPUS4-49661 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Warrington, Nicole; Beaumont, Robin; Horikoshi, Momoko; Day, Felix R.; Helgeland, Øyvind; Laurin, Charles; Bacelis, Jonas; Peng, Shouneng; Hao, Ke; Feenstra, Bjarke; Wood, Andrew R.; Mahajan, Anubha; Tyrrell, Jessica; Robertson, Neil R.; Rayner, N. William; Qiao, Zhen; Moen, Gunn-Helen; Vaudel, Marc; Marsit, Carmen; Chen, Jia; Nodzenski, Michael; Schnurr, Theresia M.; Zafarmand, Mohammad Hadi; Bradfield, Jonathan P.; Grarup, Niels; Kooijman, Marjolein N.; Li-Gao, Ruifang; Geller, Frank; Ahluwalia, Tarunveer Singh; Paternoster, Lavinia; Rueedi, Rico; Huikari, Ville; Hottenga, Jouke-Jan; Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka; Cavadino, Alana; Metrustry, Sarah; Cousminer, Diana L.; Wu, Ying; Thiering, Elisabeth Paula; Wang, Carol A.; Have, Christian Theil; Vilor-Tejedor, Natalia; Joshi, Peter K.; Painter, Jodie N.; Ntalla, Ioanna; Myhre, Ronny; Pitkänen, Niina; van Leeuwen, Elisabeth M.; Joro, Raimo; Lagou, Vasiliki; Richmond, Rebecca C.; Espinosa, Ana; Barton, Sheila J.; Inskip, Hazel M.; Holloway, John W.; Santa-Marina, Loreto; Estivill, Xavier; Ang, Wei; Marsh, Julie A.; Reichetzeder, Christoph; Marullo, Letizia; Hocher, Berthold; Lunetta, Kathryn L.; Murabito, Joanne M.; Relton, Caroline L.; Kogevinas, Manolis; Chatzi, Leda; Allard, Catherine; Bouchard, Luigi; Hivert, Marie-France; Zhang, Ge; Muglia, Louis J.; Heikkinen, Jani; Morgen, Camilla S.; van Kampen, Antoine H. C.; van Schaik, Barbera D. C.; Mentch, Frank D.; Langenberg, Claudia; Scott, Robert A.; Zhao, Jing Hua; Hemani, Gibran; Ring, Susan M.; Bennett, Amanda J.; Gaulton, Kyle J.; Fernandez-Tajes, Juan; van Zuydam, Natalie R.; Medina-Gomez, Carolina; de Haan, Hugoline G.; Rosendaal, Frits R.; Kutalik, Zoltán; Marques-Vidal, Pedro; Das, Shikta; Willemsen, Gonneke; Mbarek, Hamdi; Müller-Nurasyid, Martina; Standl, Marie; Appel, Emil V. R.; Fonvig, Cilius Esmann; Trier, Caecilie; van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E. M.; Murcia, Mario; Bustamante, Mariona; Bonàs-Guarch, Sílvia; Hougaard, David M.; Mercader, Josep M.; Linneberg, Allan; Schraut, Katharina E.; Lind, Penelope A.; Medland, Sarah Elizabeth; Shields, Beverley M.; Knight, Bridget A.; Chai, Jin-Fang; Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope; Bartels, Meike; Sánchez, Friman; Stokholm, Jakob; Torrents, David; Vinding, Rebecca K.; Willems, Sara M.; Atalay, Mustafa; Chawes, Bo L.; Kovacs, Peter; Prokopenko, Inga; Tuke, Marcus A.; Yaghootkar, Hanieh; Ruth, Katherine S.; Jones, Samuel E.; Loh, Po-Ru; Murray, Anna; Weedon, Michael N.; Tönjes, Anke; Stumvoll, Michael; Michaelsen, Kim Fleischer; Eloranta, Aino-Maija; Lakka, Timo A.; van Duijn, Cornelia M.; Kiess, Wieland; Koerner, Antje; Niinikoski, Harri; Pahkala, Katja; Raitakari, Olli T.; Jacobsson, Bo; Zeggini, Eleftheria; Dedoussis, George V.; Teo, Yik-Ying; Saw, Seang-Mei; Montgomery, Grant W.; Campbell, Harry; Wilson, James F.; Vrijkotte, Tanja G. M.; Vrijheid, Martine; de Geus, Eco J. C. N.; Hayes, M. Geoffrey; Kadarmideen, Haja N.; Holm, Jens-Christian; Beilin, Lawrence J.; Pennell, Craig E.; Heinrich, Joachim; Adair, Linda S.; Borja, Judith B.; Mohlke, Karen L.; Eriksson, Johan G.; Widen, Elisabeth E.; Hattersley, Andrew T.; Spector, Tim D.; Kaehoenen, Mika; Viikari, Jorma S.; Lehtimaeki, Terho; Boomsma, Dorret I.; Sebert, Sylvain; Vollenweider, Peter; Sorensen, Thorkild I. A.; Bisgaard, Hans; Bonnelykke, Klaus; Murray, Jeffrey C.; Melbye, Mads; Nohr, Ellen A.; Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O.; Rivadeneira, Fernando; Hofman, Albert; Felix, Janine F.; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.; Hansen, Torben; Pisinger, Charlotta; Vaag, Allan A.; Pedersen, Oluf; Uitterlinden, Andre G.; Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta; Power, Christine; Hypponen, Elina; Scholtens, Denise M.; Lowe, William L.; Smith, George Davey; Timpson, Nicholas J.; Morris, Andrew P.; Wareham, Nicholas J.; Hakonarson, Hakon; Grant, Struan F. A.; Frayling, Timothy M.; Lawlor, Debbie A.; Njolstad, Pal R.; Johansson, Stefan; Ong, Ken K.; McCarthy, Mark I.; Perry, John R. B.; Evans, David M.; Freathy, Rachel M. Maternal and fetal genetic effects on birth weight and their relevance to cardio-metabolic risk factors Birth weight variation is influenced by fetal and maternal genetic and non-genetic factors, and has been reproducibly associated with future cardio-metabolic health outcomes. In expanded genome-wide association analyses of own birth weight (n = 321,223) and offspring birth weight (n = 230,069 mothers), we identified 190 independent association signals (129 of which are novel). We used structural equation modeling to decompose the contributions of direct fetal and indirect maternal genetic effects, then applied Mendelian randomization to illuminate causal pathways. For example, both indirect maternal and direct fetal genetic effects drive the observational relationship between lower birth weight and higher later blood pressure: maternal blood pressure-raising alleles reduce offspring birth weight, but only direct fetal effects of these alleles, once inherited, increase later offspring blood pressure. Using maternal birth weight-lowering genotypes to proxy for an adverse intrauterine environment provided no evidence that it causally raises offspring blood pressure, indicating that the inverse birth weight-blood pressure association is attributable to genetic effects, and not to intrauterine programming. New York Nature Publ. Group 2019 17 Nature genetics 51 5 804 + Institut für Ernährungswissenschaft OPUS4-44967 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Abdalla, Hassan E.; Abramowski, Attila; Aharonian, Felix A.; Benkhali, Faiçal Ait; Akhperjanian, A. G.; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan; Arrieta, M.; Aubert, Pierre; Backes, Michael; Balzer, Arnim; Barnard, Michelle; Becherini, Yvonne; Tjus, Julia Becker; Berge, David; Bernhard, Sabrina; Bernlöhr, K.; Birsin, E.; Blackwell, R.; Bottcher, Markus; Boisson, Catherine; Bolmont, J.; Bordas, Pol; Bregeon, Johan; Brun, Francois; Brun, Pierre; Bryan, Mark; Bulik, Tomasz; Capasso, M.; Carr, John; Casanova, Sabrina; Chakraborty, N.; Chalme-Calvet, R.; Chaves, Ryan C. G.; Chen, Andrew; Chevalier, J.; Chretien, M.; Colafrancesco, Sergio; Cologna, Gabriele; Condon, B.; Conrad, Jan; Couturier, C.; Cui, Y.; Davids, I. D.; Degrange, B.; Deil, Christoph; deWilt, P.; Djannati-Atai, Arache; Domainko, Wilfried; Donath, Axel; Dubus, Guillaume; Dutson, Kate; Dyks, J.; Dyrda, M.; Edwards, T.; Egberts, Kathrin; Eger, P.; Ernenwein, J. -P.; Eschbach, S.; Farnier, C.; Fegan, Stuart; Fernandes, M. V.; Fiasson, A.; Fontaine, G.; Foerster, A.; Funk, S.; Füßling, Matthias; Gabici, Stefano; Gajdus, M.; Gallant, Y. A.; Garrigoux, T.; Giavitto, Gianluca; Giebels, B.; Glicenstein, J. F.; Gottschall, Daniel; Goyal, A.; Grondin, M. -H.; Grudzinska, M.; Hadasch, Daniela; Hahn, J.; Hawkes, J.; Heinzelmann, G.; Henri, Gilles; Hermann, G.; Hervet, Olivier; Hillert, A.; Hinton, James Anthony; Hofmann, Werner; Hoischen, Clemens; Holler, M.; Horns, D.; Ivascenko, Alex; Jacholkowska, A.; Jamrozy, Marek; Janiak, M.; Jankowsky, D.; Jankowsky, Felix; Jingo, M.; Jogler, Tobias; Jouvin, Lea; Jung-Richardt, Ira; Kastendieck, M. A.; Katarzynski, Krzysztof; Katz, Uli; Kerszberg, D.; Khelifi, B.; Kieffer, M.; King, J.; Klepser, S.; Klochkov, Dmitry; Kluzniak, W.; Kolitzus, D.; Komin, Nu.; Kosack, K.; Krakau, S.; Kraus, Michael; Krayzel, F.; Kruger, P. P.; Laffon, H.; Lamanna, G.; Lau, Jeanie; Lees, J. -P.; Lefaucheur, J.; Lefranc, V.; Lemiere, A.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lenain, J. -P.; Leser, Eva; Lohse, Thomas; Lorentz, M.; Lui, R.; Lypova, Iryna; Marandon, Vincent; Marcowith, Alexandre; Mariaud, C.; Marx, R.; Maurin, G.; Maxted, N.; Mayer, Michael; Meintjes, Petrus Johannes; Menzler, U.; Meyer, Manuel; Mitchell, A. M. W.; Moderski, R.; Mohamed, M.; Mora, K.; Moulin, E.; Murach, T.; de Naurois, Mathieu; Niederwanger, F.; Niemiec, J.; Oakes, L.; Odaka, Hirokazu; Ohm, Stefan; Oettl, S.; Ostrowski, M.; Oya, I.; Padovani, Marco; Panter, M.; Parsons, R. D.; Arribas, M. Paz; Pekeur, N. W.; Pelletier, G.; Petrucci, P. -O.; Peyaud, B.; Pita, S.; Poon, Helen; Prokhorov, Dmitry; Prokoph, Heike; Puehlhofer, Gerd; Punch, Michael; Quirrenbach, Andreas; Raab, S.; Reimer, Anita; Reimer, Olaf; Renaud, M.; de los Reyes, R.; Rieger, Frank; Romoli, Carlo; Rosier-Lees, S.; Rowell, G.; Rudak, B.; Rulten, C. B.; Sahakian, V.; Salek, David; Sanchez, David A.; Santangelo, Andrea; Sasaki, Manami; Schlickeiser, Reinhard; Schussler, F.; Schulz, Andreas; Schwanke, U.; Schwemmer, S.; Seyffert, A. S.; Shafi, N.; Simoni, R.; Sol, H.; Spanier, Felix; Spengler, G.; Spiess, F.; Stawarz, Lukasz; Steenkamp, R.; Stegmann, Christian; Stinzing, F.; Stycz, K.; Sushch, Iurii; Tavernet, J. -P.; Tavernier, T.; Taylor, A. M.; Terrier, R.; Tluczykont, Martin; Trichard, C.; Tuffs, R.; van der Walt, Johan; van Eldik, Christopher; van Soelen, Brian; Vasileiadis, Georges; Veh, J.; Venter, C.; Viana, A.; Vincent, P.; Vink, Jacco; Voisin, F.; Voelk, Heinrich J.; Vuillaume, Thomas; Wadiasingh, Z.; Wagner, Stefan J.; Wagner, P.; Wagner, R. M.; White, R.; Wierzcholska, Alicja; Willmann, P.; Woernlein, A.; Wouters, Denis; Yang, R.; Zabalza, Victor; Zaborov, D.; Zacharias, M.; Zdziarski, A. A.; Zech, Andreas; Zefi, F.; Ziegler, A.; Zywucka, Natalia Search for Dark Matter Annihilations towards the Inner Galactic Halo from 10 Years of Observations with HESS The inner region of the Milky Way halo harbors a large amount of dark matter (DM). Given its proximity, it is one of the most promising targets to look for DM. We report on a search for the annihilations of DM particles using gamma-ray observations towards the inner 300 pc of the Milky Way, with the H.E.S.S. array of ground-based Cherenkov telescopes. The analysis is based on a 2D maximum likelihood method using Galactic Center (GC) data accumulated by H.E.S.S. over the last 10 years (2004-2014), and does not show any significant gamma-ray signal above background. Assuming Einasto and Navarro-Frenk-White DM density profiles at the GC, we derive upper limits on the annihilation cross section . These constraints are the strongest obtained so far in the TeV DM mass range and improve upon previous limits by a factor 5. For the Einasto profile, the constraints reach values of 6 x 10(-26) cm(3) s(-1) in the W+W- channel for a DM particle mass of 1.5 TeV, and 2 x 10(-26) cm(3) s(-1) in the tau(+)tau(-) channel for a 1 TeV mass. For the first time, ground-based gamma-ray observations have reached sufficient sensitivity to probe values expected from the thermal relic density for TeV DM particles. College Park American Physical Society 2016 6 Physical review letters 117 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.111301 Institut für Physik und Astronomie OPUS4-38708 misc Abramowski, Attila; Aharonian, Felix A.; Benkhali, Faical Ait; Akhperjanian, A. G.; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan; Backes, Michael; Balenderan, Shangkari; Balzer, Arnim; Barnacka, Anna; Becherini, Yvonne; Tjus, Julia Becker; Berge, David; Bernhard, Sabrina; Bernlöhr, Konrad; Birsin, E.; Biteau, Jonathan; Böttcher, Markus; Boisson, Catherine; Bolmont, J.; Bordas, Pol; Bregeon, Johan; Brun, Francois; Brun, Pierre; Bryan, Mark; Bulik, Tomasz; Carrigan, Svenja; Casanova, Sabrina; Chadwick, Paula M.; Chakraborty, Nachiketa; Chalme-Calvet, R.; Chaves, Ryan C. G.; Chretien, M.; Colafrancesco, Sergio; Cologna, Gabriele; Conrad, Jan; Couturier, Claire; Cui, Yudong; Davids, Isak Delberth; Degrange, Bernhard; Deil, Christoph; deWilt, P.; Djannati-Ataï, A.; Domainko, Wilfried; Donath, Axel; Dubus, G.; Dutson, K.; Dyks, J.; Dyrda, M.; Edwards, Tanya; Egberts, Kathrin; Eger, Peter; Espigat, P.; Farnier, C.; Fegan, Stephen; Feinstein, Fabrice; Fernandes, Milton Virgilio; Fernandez, Diane; Fiasson, A.; Fontaine, Gerard; Förster, Andreas; Fuessling, M.; Gabici, S.; Gajdus, M.; Gallant, Yves A.; Garrigoux, Tania; Giavitto, G.; Giebels, Berrie; Glicenstein, Jean-Francois; Gottschall, Daniel; Grondin, M. -H.; Grudzinska, M.; Hadasch, Daniela; Haeffner, S.; Hahn, Joachim; Harris, Jonathan; Heinzelmann, Götz; Henri, G.; Hermann, German; Hervet, O.; Hillert, Andreas; Hinton, James Anthony; Hofmann, Werner; Hofverberg, Petter; Holler, Markus; Horns, Dieter; Ivascenko, Alex; Jacholkowska, A.; Jahn, C.; Jamrozy, Marek; Janiak, M.; Jankowsky, F.; Jung-Richardt, I.; Kastendieck, Max Anton; Katarzynski, K.; Katz, U.; Kaufmann, S.; Khelifi, B.; Kieffer, Michel; Klepser, S.; Klochkov, Dmitry; Kluzniak, W.; Kolitzus, David; Komin, Nu; Kosack, Karl; Krakau, Steffen; Krayzel, F.; Krueger, Pat P.; Laffon, H.; Lamanna, G.; Lefaucheur, J.; Lefranc, Valentin; Lemiere, A.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lenain, J. -P.; Lohse, Thomas; Lopatin, A.; Lu, Chia-Chun; Marandon, Vincent; Marcowith, Alexandre; Marx, Ramin; Maurin, G.; Maxted, Nigel; Mayer, Michael; McComb, T. J. Lowry; Mehault, J.; Meintjes, P. J.; Menzler, Ulf; Meyer, M.; Mitchell, Alison M. W.; Moderski, R.; Mohamed, M.; Mora, K.; Moulin, Emmanuel; Murach, Thomas; de Naurois, Mathieu; Niemiec, J.; Nolan, Sam J.; Oakes, Louise; Odaka, Hirokazu; Ohm, S.; Optiz, Björn; Ostrowski, Michal; Oya, I.; Panter, Michael; Parsons, R. Daniel; Arribas, M. Paz; Pekeur, Nikki W.; Pelletier, G.; Petrucci, P. -O.; Peyaud, B.; Pita, S.; Poon, Helen; Pühlhofer, Gerd; Punch, M.; Quirrenbach, A.; Raab, S.; Reichardt, I.; Reimer, Anita; Reimer, Olaf; Renaud, Metz; de los Reyes, Raquel; Rieger, Frank; Romoli, C.; Rosier-Lees, S.; Rowell, G.; Rudak, B.; Rulten, C. B.; Sahakian, Vardan; Salek, D.; Sanchez, David M.; Santangelo, Andrea; Schlickeiser, Reinhard; Schuessler, F.; Schulz, A.; Schwanke, Ullrich; Schwarzburg, S.; Schwemmer, S.; Sol, H.; Spanier, Felix; Spengler, G.; Spies, Franziska; Stawarz, Lukasz; Steenkamp, Riaan; Stegmann, Christian; Stinzing, F.; Stycz, K.; Sushch, Iurii; Tavernet, J. -P.; Tavernier, T.; Taylor, A. M.; Terrier, R.; Tluczykont, Martin; Trichard, C.; Valerius, K.; van Eldik, C.; van Soelen, B.; Vasileiadis, Georges; Veh, J.; Venter, Christo; Viana, Aion; Vincent, P.; Vink, Jacco; Völk, Heinrich J.; Volpe, Francesca; Vorster, Martine; Vuillaume, T.; Wagner, S. J.; Wagner, P.; Wagner, R. M.; Ward, Martin; Weidinger, Matthias; Weitzel, Quirin; White, R.; Wierzcholska, A.; Willmann, P.; Woernlein, A.; Wouters, D.; Yang, Ruizhi; Zabalza, Victor; Zaborov, Dmitry; Zacharias, M.; Zdziarski, A. A.; Zech, Alraune; Zechlin, Hannes -S. H.E.S.S. detection of TeV emission from the interaction region between the supernova remnant G349.7+0.2 and a molecular cloud (vol 574, A100, 2015) Les Ulis EDP Sciences 2015 2 Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal 580 10.1051/0004-6361/201425070e Institut für Physik und Astronomie OPUS4-47182 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Srama, Ralf; Kempf, S.; Moragas-Klostermeyer, Georg; Helfert, S.; Ahrens, T. J.; Altobelli, N.; Auer, S.; Beckmann, U.; Bradley, J. G.; Burton, M.; Dikarev, V. V.; Economou, T.; Fechtig, H.; Green, S. F.; Grande, M.; Havnes, O.; Hillierf, J.K.; Horanyii, M.; Igenbergsj, E.; Jessberger, E. K.; Johnson, T. V.; Krüger, H.; Matt, G.; McBride, N.; Mocker, A.; Lamy, P.; Linkert, D.; Linkert, G.; Lura, F.; McDonnell, J.A.M.; Möhlmann, D.; Morfill, G. E.; Postberg, F.; Roy, M.; Schwehm, G.H.; Spahn, Frank; Svestka, J.; Tschernjawski, V.; Tuzzolino, A. J.; Wäsch, R.; Grün, E. In situ dust measurements in the inner Saturnian system In July 2004 the Cassini-Huygens mission reached the Saturnian system and started its orbital tour. A total of 75 orbits will be carried out during the primary mission until August 2008. In these four years Cassini crosses the ring plane 150 times and spends approx. 400 h within Titan's orbit. The Cosmic Dust Analyser (CDA) onboard Cassini characterises the dust environment with its extended E ring and embedded moons. Here, we focus on the CDA results of the first year and we present the Dust Analyser (DA) data within Titan's orbit. This paper does investigate High Rate Detector data and dust composition measurements. The authors focus on the analysis of impact rates, which were strongly variable primarily due to changes of the spacecraft pointing. An overview is given about the ring plane crossings and the DA counter measurements. The DA dust impact rates are compared with the DA boresight configuration around all ring plane crossings between June 2004 and July 2005. Dust impacts were registered at altitudes as high as 100 000 km above the ring plane at distances from Saturn between 4 and 10 Saturn radii. In those regions the dust density of particles bigger than 0.5 can reach values of 0.001m-3. Oxford Elsevier 2006 21 Planetary and space science 54 9-10 967 987 10.1016/j.pss.2006.05.021 Institut für Physik und Astronomie OPUS4-15442 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Srama, Ralf; Ahrens, Thomas J.; Altobelli, Nicolas; Auer, S.; Bradley, J. G.; Burton, M.; Dikarev, V. V.; Economou, T.; Fechtig, Hugo; Görlich, M.; Grande, M.; Graps, Amara; Grün, Eberhard; Havnes, Ove; Helfert, Stefan; Horanyi, Mihaly; Igenbergs, E.; Jessberger, Elmar K.; Johnson, T. V.; Kempf, Sascha; Krivov, Alexander v.; Krüger, Harald; Mocker-Ahlreep, Anna; Moragas-Klostermeyer, Georg; Lamy, Philippe; Landgraf, Markus; Linkert, Dietmar; Linkert, G.; Lura, F.; McDonnell, J. A. M.; Moehlmann, Dirk; Morfill, Gregory E.; Muller, M.; Roy, M.; Schafer, G.; Schlotzhauer, G.; Schwehm, Gerhard H.; Spahn, Frank; Stübig, M.; Svestka, Jiri; Tschernjawski, V The Cassini Cosmic Dust Analyzer The Cassini-Huygens Cosmic Dust Analyzer (CDA) is intended to provide direct observations of dust grains with masses between 10(-19) and 10(-9) kg in interplanetary space and in the jovian and saturnian systems, to investigate their physical, chemical and dynamical properties as functions of the distances to the Sun, to Jupiter and to Saturn and its satellites and rings, to study their interaction with the saturnian rings, satellites and magnetosphere. Chemical composition of interplanetary meteoroids will be compared with asteroidal and cometary dust, as well as with Saturn dust, ejecta from rings and satellites. Ring and satellites phenomena which might be effects of meteoroid impacts will be compared with the interplanetary dust environment. Electrical charges of particulate matter in the magnetosphere and its consequences will be studied, e.g. the effects of the ambient plasma and the magnetic held on the trajectories of dust particles as well as fragmentation of particles due to electrostatic disruption. The investigation will be performed with an instrument that measures the mass, composition, electric charge, speed, and flight direction of individual dust particles. It is a highly reliable and versatile instrument with a mass sensitivity 106 times higher than that of the Pioneer 10 and I I dust detectors which measured dust in the saturnian system. The Cosmic Dust Analyzer has significant inheritance from former space instrumentation developed for the VEGA, Giotto, Galileo, and Ulysses missions. It will reliably measure impacts from as low as I impact per month up to 104 impacts per second. The instrument weighs 17 kg and consumes 12 W, the integrated time-of-flight mass spectrometer has a mass resolution of up to 50. The nominal data transmission rate is 524 bits/s and varies between 50 and 4192 bps 2004 OPUS4-35420 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Horikoshi, Momoko; Yaghootkar, Hanieh; Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O.; Sovio, Ulla; Taal, H. Rob; Hennig, Branwen J.; Bradfield, Jonathan P.; St Pourcain, Beate; Evans, David M.; Charoen, Pimphen; Kaakinen, Marika; Cousminer, Diana L.; Lehtimaki, Terho; Kreiner-Moller, Eskil; Warrington, Nicole M.; Bustamante, Mariona; Feenstra, Bjarke; Berry, Diane J.; Thiering, Elisabeth; Pfab, Thiemo; Barton, Sheila J.; Shields, Beverley M.; Kerkhof, Marjan; van Leeuwen, Elisabeth M.; Fulford, Anthony J.; Kutalik, Zoltan; Zhao, Jing Hua; den Hoed, Marcel; Mahajan, Anubha; Lindi, Virpi; Goh, Liang-Kee; Hottenga, Jouke-Jan; Wu, Ying; Raitakari, Olli T.; Harder, Marie N.; Meirhaeghe, Aline; Ntalla, Ioanna; Salem, Rany M.; Jameson, Karen A.; Zhou, Kaixin; Monies, Dorota M.; Lagou, Vasiliki; Kirin, Mirna; Heikkinen, Jani; Adair, Linda S.; Alkuraya, Fowzan S.; Al-Odaib, Ali; Amouyel, Philippe; Andersson, Ehm Astrid; Bennett, Amanda J.; Blakemore, Alexandra I. F.; Buxton, Jessica L.; Dallongeville, Jean; Das, Shikta; de Geus, Eco J. C.; Estivill, Xavier; Flexeder, Claudia; Froguel, Philippe; Geller, Frank; Godfrey, Keith M.; Gottrand, Frederic; Groves, Christopher J.; Hansen, Torben; Hirschhorn, Joel N.; Hofman, Albert; Hollegaard, Mads V.; Hougaard, David M.; Hyppoenen, Elina; Inskip, Hazel M.; Isaacs, Aaron; Jorgensen, Torben; Kanaka-Gantenbein, Christina; Kemp, John P.; Kiess, Wieland; Kilpelainen, Tuomas O.; Klopp, Norman; Knight, Bridget A.; Kuzawa, Christopher W.; McMahon, George; Newnham, John P.; Niinikoski, Harri; Oostra, Ben A.; Pedersen, Louise; Postma, Dirkje S.; Ring, Susan M.; Rivadeneira, Fernando; Robertson, Neil R.; Sebert, Sylvain; Simell, Olli; Slowinski, Torsten; Tiesler, Carla M. T.; Toenjes, Anke; Vaag, Allan; Viikari, Jorma S.; Vink, Jacqueline M.; Vissing, Nadja Hawwa; Wareham, Nicholas J.; Willemsen, Gonneke; Witte, Daniel R.; Zhang, Haitao; Zhao, Jianhua; Wilson, James F.; Stumvoll, Michael; Prentice, Andrew M.; Meyer, Brian F.; Pearson, Ewan R.; Boreham, Colin A. G.; Cooper, Cyrus; Gillman, Matthew W.; Dedoussis, George V.; Moreno, Luis A.; Pedersen, Oluf; Saarinen, Maiju; Mohlke, Karen L.; Boomsma, Dorret I.; Saw, Seang-Mei; Lakka, Timo A.; Koerner, Antje; Loos, Ruth J. F.; Ong, Ken K.; Vollenweider, Peter; van Duijn, Cornelia M.; Koppelman, Gerard H.; Hattersley, Andrew T.; Holloway, John W.; Hocher, Berthold; Heinrich, Joachim; Power, Chris; Melbye, Mads; Guxens, Monica; Pennell, Craig E.; Bonnelykke, Klaus; Bisgaard, Hans; Eriksson, Johan G.; Widen, Elisabeth; Hakonarson, Hakon; Uitterlinden, Andre G.; Pouta, Anneli; Lawlor, Debbie A.; Smith, George Davey; Frayling, Timothy M.; McCarthy, Mark I.; Grant, Struan F. A.; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.; Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta; Timpson, Nicholas J.; Prokopenko, Inga; Freathy, Rachel M. New loci associated with birth weight identify genetic links between intrauterine growth and adult height and metabolism Birth weight within the normal range is associated with a variety of adult-onset diseases, but the mechanisms behind these associations are poorly understood(1). Previous genome-wide association studies of birth weight identified a variant in the ADCY5 gene associated both with birth weight and type 2 diabetes and a second variant, near CCNL1, with no obvious link to adult traits(2). In an expanded genome-wide association metaanalysis and follow-up study of birth weight (of up to 69,308 individuals of European descent from 43 studies), we have now extended the number of loci associated at genome-wide significance to 7, accounting for a similar proportion of variance as maternal smoking. Five of the loci are known to be associated with other phenotypes: ADCY5 and CDKAL1 with type 2 diabetes, ADRB1 with adult blood pressure and HMGA2 and LCORL with adult height. Our findings highlight genetic links between fetal growth and postnatal growth and metabolism. New York Nature Publ. Group 2013 10 Nature genetics 45 1 76 U115 10.1038/ng.2477 Institut für Ernährungswissenschaft OPUS4-37323 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Arridge, Christopher S.; Achilleos, N.; Agarwal, Jessica; Agnor, C. B.; Ambrosi, R.; Andre, N.; Badman, S. V.; Baines, K.; Banfield, D.; Barthelemy, M.; Bisi, M. M.; Blum, J.; Bocanegra-Bahamon, T.; Bonfond, B.; Bracken, C.; Brandt, P.; Briand, C.; Briois, C.; Brooks, S.; Castillo-Rogez, J.; Cavalie, T.; Christophe, B.; Coates, Andrew J.; Collinson, G.; Cooper, J. F.; Costa-Sitja, M.; Courtin, R.; Daglis, I. A.; De Pater, Imke; Desai, M.; Dirkx, D.; Dougherty, M. K.; Ebert, R. W.; Filacchione, Gianrico; Fletcher, Leigh N.; Fortney, J.; Gerth, I.; Grassi, D.; Grodent, D.; Grün, Eberhard; Gustin, J.; Hedman, M.; Helled, R.; Henri, P.; Hess, Sebastien; Hillier, J. K.; Hofstadter, M. H.; Holme, R.; Horanyi, M.; Hospodarsky, George B.; Hsu, S.; Irwin, P.; Jackman, C. M.; Karatekin, O.; Kempf, Sascha; Khalisi, E.; Konstantinidis, K.; Kruger, H.; Kurth, William S.; Labrianidis, C.; Lainey, V.; Lamy, L. L.; Laneuville, Matthieu; Lucchesi, D.; Luntzer, A.; MacArthur, J.; Maier, A.; Masters, A.; McKenna-Lawlor, S.; Melin, H.; Milillo, A.; Moragas-Klostermeyer, Georg; Morschhauser, Achim; Moses, J. I.; Mousis, O.; Nettelmann, N.; Neubauer, F. M.; Nordheim, T.; Noyelles, B.; Orton, G. S.; Owens, Mathew; Peron, R.; Plainaki, C.; Postberg, F.; Rambaux, N.; Retherford, K.; Reynaud, Serge; Roussos, E.; Russell, C. T.; Rymer, Am.; Sallantin, R.; Sanchez-Lavega, A.; Santolik, O.; Saur, J.; Sayanagi, Km.; Schenk, P.; Schubert, J.; Sergis, N.; Sittler, E. C.; Smith, A.; Spahn, Frank; Srama, Ralf; Stallard, T.; Sterken, V.; Sternovsky, Zoltan; Tiscareno, M.; Tobie, G.; Tosi, F.; Trieloff, M.; Turrini, D.; Turtle, E. P.; Vinatier, S.; Wilson, R.; Zarkat, P. The science case for an orbital mission to Uranus: Exploring the origins and evolution of ice giant planets Giant planets helped to shape the conditions we see in the Solar System today and they account for more than 99% of the mass of the Sun's planetary system. They can be subdivided into the Ice Giants (Uranus and Neptune) and the Gas Giants (Jupiter and Saturn), which differ from each other in a number of fundamental ways. Uranus, in particular is the most challenging to our understanding of planetary formation and evolution, with its large obliquity, low self-luminosity, highly asymmetrical internal field, and puzzling internal structure. Uranus also has a rich planetary system consisting of a system of inner natural satellites and complex ring system, five major natural icy satellites, a system of irregular moons with varied dynamical histories, and a highly asymmetrical magnetosphere. Voyager 2 is the only spacecraft to have explored Uranus, with a flyby in 1986, and no mission is currently planned to this enigmatic system. However, a mission to the uranian system would open a new window on the origin and evolution of the Solar System and would provide crucial information on a wide variety of physicochemical processes in our Solar System. These have clear implications for understanding exoplanetary systems. In this paper we describe the science case for an orbital mission to Uranus with an atmospheric entry probe to sample the composition and atmospheric physics in Uranus' atmosphere. The characteristics of such an orbiter and a strawman scientific payload are described and we discuss the technical challenges for such a mission. This paper is based on a white paper submitted to the European Space Agency's call for science themes for its large-class mission programme in 2013. Oxford Elsevier 2014 19 Planetary and space science 104 122 140 10.1016/j.pss.2014.08.009 Institut für Physik und Astronomie OPUS4-39146 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Ostrom, H.; Oberg, H.; Xin, H.; Larue, J.; Beye, Martin; Gladh, J.; Ng, M. L.; Sellberg, J. A.; Kaya, S.; Mercurio, G.; Nordlund, D.; Hantschmann, Markus; Hieke, F.; Kuehn, D.; Schlotter, W. F.; Dakovski, G. L.; Turner, J. J.; Minitti, M. P.; Mitra, A.; Moeller, S. P.; Föhlisch, Alexander; Wolf, M.; Wurth, W.; Persson, Mats; Norskov, J. K.; Abild-Pedersen, Frank; Ogasawara, Hirohito; Pettersson, Lars G. M.; Nilsson, A. Probing the transition state region in catalytic CO oxidation on Ru Femtosecond x-ray laser pulses are used to probe the carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation reaction on ruthenium (Ru) initiated by an optical laser pulse. On a time scale of a few hundred femtoseconds, the optical laser pulse excites motions of CO and oxygen (O) on the surface, allowing the reactants to collide, and, with a transient close to a picosecond (ps), new electronic states appear in the OK-edge x-ray absorption spectrum. Density functional theory calculations indicate that these result from changes in the adsorption site and bond formation between CO and O with a distribution of OC-O bond lengths close to the transition state (TS). After 1 ps, 10% of the CO populate the TS region, which is consistent with predictions based on a quantum oscillator model. Washington American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science 2015 5 Science 347 6225 978 982 10.1126/science.1261747 Institut für Physik und Astronomie OPUS4-38721 Review Frank, Dorothe A.; Reichstein, Markus; Bahn, Michael; Thonicke, Kirsten; Frank, David; Mahecha, Miguel D.; Smith, Pete; Van der Velde, Marijn; Vicca, Sara; Babst, Flurin; Beer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Canadell, Josep G.; Ciais, Philippe; Cramer, Wolfgang; Ibrom, Andreas; Miglietta, Franco; Poulter, Ben; Rammig, Anja; Seneviratne, Sonia I.; Walz, Ariane; Wattenbach, Martin; Zavala, Miguel A.; Zscheischler, Jakob Effects of climate extremes on the terrestrial carbon cycle: concepts, processes and potential future impacts Extreme droughts, heat waves, frosts, precipitation, wind storms and other climate extremes may impact the structure, composition and functioning of terrestrial ecosystems, and thus carbon cycling and its feedbacks to the climate system. Yet, the interconnected avenues through which climate extremes drive ecological and physiological processes and alter the carbon balance are poorly understood. Here, we review the literature on carbon cycle relevant responses of ecosystems to extreme climatic events. Given that impacts of climate extremes are considered disturbances, we assume the respective general disturbance-induced mechanisms and processes to also operate in an extreme context. The paucity of well-defined studies currently renders a quantitative meta-analysis impossible, but permits us to develop a deductive framework for identifying the main mechanisms (and coupling thereof) through which climate extremes may act on the carbon cycle. We find that ecosystem responses can exceed the duration of the climate impacts via lagged effects on the carbon cycle. The expected regional impacts of future climate extremes will depend on changes in the probability and severity of their occurrence, on the compound effects and timing of different climate extremes, and on the vulnerability of each land-cover type modulated by management. Although processes and sensitivities differ among biomes, based on expert opinion, we expect forests to exhibit the largest net effect of extremes due to their large carbon pools and fluxes, potentially large indirect and lagged impacts, and long recovery time to regain previous stocks. At the global scale, we presume that droughts have the strongest and most widespread effects on terrestrial carbon cycling. Comparing impacts of climate extremes identified via remote sensing vs. ground-based observational case studies reveals that many regions in the (sub-)tropics are understudied. Hence, regional investigations are needed to allow a global upscaling of the impacts of climate extremes on global carbon-climate feedbacks. Hoboken Wiley-Blackwell 2015 20 Global change biology 21 8 2861 2880 10.1111/gcb.12916 Institut für Geowissenschaften OPUS4-39159 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel van der Valk, Ralf J. P.; Kreiner-Moller, Eskil; Kooijman, Marjolein N.; Guxens, Monica; Stergiakouli, Evangelia; Saaf, Annika; Bradfield, Jonathan P.; Geller, Frank; Hayes, M. Geoffrey; Cousminer, Diana L.; Koerner, Antje; Thiering, Elisabeth; Curtin, John A.; Myhre, Ronny; Huikari, Ville; Joro, Raimo; Kerkhof, Marjan; Warrington, Nicole M.; Pitkanen, Niina; Ntalla, Ioanna; Horikoshi, Momoko; Veijola, Riitta; Freathy, Rachel M.; Teo, Yik-Ying; Barton, Sheila J.; Evans, David M.; Kemp, John P.; St Pourcain, Beate; Ring, Susan M.; Smith, George Davey; Bergstrom, Anna; Kull, Inger; Hakonarson, Hakon; Mentch, Frank D.; Bisgaard, Hans; Chawes, Bo Lund Krogsgaard; Stokholm, Jakob; Waage, Johannes; Eriksen, Patrick; Sevelsted, Astrid; Melbye, Mads; van Duijn, Cornelia M.; Medina-Gomez, Carolina; Hofman, Albert; de Jongste, Johan C.; Taal, H. Rob; Uitterlinden, Andre G.; Armstrong, Loren L.; Eriksson, Johan; Palotie, Aarno; Bustamante, Mariona; Estivill, Xavier; Gonzalez, Juan R.; Llop, Sabrina; Kiess, Wieland; Mahajan, Anubha; Flexeder, Claudia; Tiesler, Carla M. T.; Murray, Clare S.; Simpson, Angela; Magnus, Per; Sengpiel, Verena; Hartikainen, Anna-Liisa; Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka; Lewin, Alexandra; Alves, Alexessander Da Silva Couto; Blakemore, Alexandra I. F.; Buxton, Jessica L.; Kaakinen, Marika; Rodriguez, Alina; Sebert, Sylvain; Vaarasmaki, Marja; Lakka, Timo; Lindi, Virpi; Gehring, Ulrike; Postma, Dirkje S.; Ang, Wei; Newnham, John P.; Lyytikainen, Leo-Pekka; Pahkala, Katja; Raitakari, Olli T.; Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope; Zeggini, Eleftheria; Boomsma, Dorret I.; Groen-Blokhuis, Maria; Ilonen, Jorma; Franke, Lude; Hirschhorn, Joel N.; Pers, Tune H.; Liang, Liming; Huang, Jinyan; Hocher, Berthold; Knip, Mikael; Saw, Seang-Mei; Holloway, John W.; Melen, Erik; Grant, Struan F. A.; Feenstra, Bjarke; Lowe, William L.; Widen, Elisabeth; Sergeyev, Elena; Grallert, Harald; Custovic, Adnan; Jacobsson, Bo; Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta; Atalay, Mustafa; Koppelman, Gerard H.; Pennell, Craig E.; Niinikoski, Harri; Dedoussis, George V.; Mccarthy, Mark I.; Frayling, Timothy M.; Sunyer, Jordi; Timpson, Nicholas J.; Rivadeneira, Fernando; Bonnelykke, Klaus; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V. A novel common variant in DCST2 is associated with length in early life and height in adulthood Common genetic variants have been identified for adult height, but not much is known about the genetics of skeletal growth in early life. To identify common genetic variants that influence fetal skeletal growth, we meta-analyzed 22 genome-wide association studies (Stage 1; N = 28 459). We identified seven independent top single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (P < 1 x 10(-6)) for birth length, of which three were novel and four were in or near loci known to be associated with adult height (LCORL, PTCH1, GPR126 and HMGA2). The three novel SNPs were followed-up in nine replication studies (Stage 2; N = 11 995), with rs905938 in DC-STAMP domain containing 2 (DCST2) genome-wide significantly associated with birth length in a joint analysis (Stages 1 + 2; beta = 0.046, SE = 0.008, P = 2.46 x 10(-8), explained variance = 0.05%). Rs905938 was also associated with infant length (N = 28 228; P = 5.54 x 10(-4)) and adult height (N = 127 513; P = 1.45 x 10(-5)). DCST2 is a DC-STAMP-like protein family member and DC-STAMP is an osteoclast cell-fusion regulator. Polygenic scores based on 180 SNPs previously associated with human adult stature explained 0.13% of variance in birth length. The same SNPs explained 2.95% of the variance of infant length. Of the 180 known adult height loci, 11 were genome-wide significantly associated with infant length (SF3B4, LCORL, SPAG17, C6orf173, PTCH1, GDF5, ZNFX1, HHIP, ACAN, HLA locus and HMGA2). This study highlights that common variation in DCST2 influences variation in early growth and adult height. Oxford Oxford Univ. Press 2015 14 Human molecular genetics 24 4 1155 1168 10.1093/hmg/ddu510 Institut für Ernährungswissenschaft OPUS4-39000 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Xin, Hong; LaRue, Jerry; Oberg, Henrik; Beye, Martin; Turner, J. J.; Gladh, Jörgen; Ng, May L.; Sellberg, Jonas A.; Kaya, Sarp; Mercurio, G.; Hieke, F.; Nordlund, Dennis; Schlotter, William F.; Dakovski, Georgi L.; Minitti, Michael P.; Föhlisch, Alexander; Wolf, Martin; Wurth, Wilfried; Ogasawara, Hirohito; Norskov, Jens K.; Ostrom, Henrik; Pettersson, Lars G. M.; Nilsson, Anders; Abild-Pedersen, Frank Strong Influence of Coadsorbate Interaction on CO Desorption Dynamics on Ru(0001) Probed by Ultrafast X-Ray Spectroscopy and Ab Initio Simulations We show that coadsorbed oxygen atoms have a dramatic influence on the CO desorption dynamics from Ru(0001). In contrast to the precursor-mediated desorption mechanism on Ru(0001), the presence of surface oxygen modifies the electronic structure of Ru atoms such that CO desorption occurs predominantly via the direct pathway. This phenomenon is directly observed in an ultrafast pump-probe experiment using a soft x-ray free-electron laser to monitor the dynamic evolution of the valence electronic structure of the surface species. This is supported with the potential of mean force along the CO desorption path obtained from density-functional theory calculations. Charge density distribution and frozen-orbital analysis suggest that the oxygen-induced reduction of the Pauli repulsion, and consequent increase of the dative interaction between the CO 5 sigma and the charged Ru atom, is the electronic origin of the distinct desorption dynamics. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of CO desorption from Ru(0001) and oxygen-coadsorbed Ru(0001) provide further insights into the surface bond-breaking process. College Park American Physical Society 2015 6 Physical review letters 114 15 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.156101 Institut für Physik und Astronomie OPUS4-35976 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Srama, Ralf; Krueger, H.; Yamaguchi, T.; Stephan, T.; Burchell, M.; Kearsley, A. T.; Sterken, V.; Postberg, F.; Kempf, S.; Grün, Eberhard; Altobelli, Nicolas; Ehrenfreund, P.; Dikarev, V.; Horanyi, M.; Sternovsky, Zoltan; Carpenter, J. D.; Westphal, A.; Gainsforth, Z.; Krabbe, A.; Agarwal, Jessica; Yano, H.; Blum, J.; Henkel, H.; Hillier, J.; Hoppe, P.; Trieloff, M.; Hsu, S.; Mocker, A.; Fiege, K.; Green, S. F.; Bischoff, A.; Esposito, F.; Laufer, R.; Hyde, T. W.; Herdrich, G.; Fasoulas, S.; Jaeckel, A.; Jones, G.; Jenniskens, P.; Khalisi, E.; Moragas-Klostermeyer, Georg; Spahn, Frank; Keller, H. U.; Frisch, P.; Levasseur-Regourd, A. C.; Pailer, N.; Altwegg, K.; Engrand, C.; Auer, S.; Silen, J.; Sasaki, S.; Kobayashi, M.; Schmidt, J.; Kissel, J.; Marty, B.; Michel, P.; Palumbo, P.; Vaisberg, O.; Baggaley, J.; Rotundi, A.; Roeser, H. P. SARIM PLUS-sample return of comet 67P/CG and of interstellar matter The Stardust mission returned cometary, interplanetary and (probably) interstellar dust in 2006 to Earth that have been analysed in Earth laboratories worldwide. Results of this mission have changed our view and knowledge on the early solar nebula. The Rosetta mission is on its way to land on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko and will investigate for the first time in great detail the comet nucleus and its environment starting in 2014. Additional astronomy and planetary space missions will further contribute to our understanding of dust generation, evolution and destruction in interstellar and interplanetary space and provide constraints on solar system formation and processes that led to the origin of life on Earth. One of these missions, SARIM-PLUS, will provide a unique perspective by measuring interplanetary and interstellar dust with high accuracy and sensitivity in our inner solar system between 1 and 2 AU. SARIM-PLUS employs latest in-situ techniques for a full characterisation of individual micrometeoroids (flux, mass, charge, trajectory, composition()) and collects and returns these samples to Earth for a detailed analysis. The opportunity to visit again the target comet of the Rosetta mission 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimeenternko, and to investigate its dusty environment six years after Rosetta with complementary methods is unique and strongly enhances and supports the scientific exploration of this target and the entire Rosetta mission. Launch opportunities are in 2020 with a backup window starting early 2026. The comet encounter occurs in September 2021 and the reentry takes place in early 2024. An encounter speed of 6 km/s ensures comparable results to the Stardust mission. DORDRECHT SPRINGER 2012 29 EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY 33 2-3 723 751 10.1007/s10686-011-9285-7 OPUS4-48767 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Radchuk, Viktoriia; Reed, Thomas; Teplitsky, Celine; van de Pol, Martijn; Charmantier, Anne; Hassall, Christopher; Adamik, Peter; Adriaensen, Frank; Ahola, Markus P.; Arcese, Peter; Miguel Aviles, Jesus; Balbontin, Javier; Berg, Karl S.; Borras, Antoni; Burthe, Sarah; Clobert, Jean; Dehnhard, Nina; de Lope, Florentino; Dhondt, Andre A.; Dingemanse, Niels J.; Doi, Hideyuki; Eeva, Tapio; Fickel, Jörns; Filella, Iolanda; Fossoy, Frode; Goodenough, Anne E.; Hall, Stephen J. G.; Hansson, Bengt; Harris, Michael; Hasselquist, Dennis; Hickler, Thomas; Jasmin Radha, Jasmin; Kharouba, Heather; Gabriel Martinez, Juan; Mihoub, Jean-Baptiste; Mills, James A.; Molina-Morales, Mercedes; Moksnes, Arne; Ozgul, Arpat; Parejo, Deseada; Pilard, Philippe; Poisbleau, Maud; Rousset, Francois; Rödel, Mark-Oliver; Scott, David; Carlos Senar, Juan; Stefanescu, Constanti; Stokke, Bard G.; Kusano, Tamotsu; Tarka, Maja; Tarwater, Corey E.; Thonicke, Kirsten; Thorley, Jack; Wilting, Andreas; Tryjanowski, Piotr; Merila, Juha; Sheldon, Ben C.; Moller, Anders Pape; Matthysen, Erik; Janzen, Fredric; Dobson, F. Stephen; Visser, Marcel E.; Beissinger, Steven R.; Courtiol, Alexandre; Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie Adaptive responses of animals to climate change are most likely insufficient Biological responses to climate change have been widely documented across taxa and regions, but it remains unclear whether species are maintaining a good match between phenotype and environment, i.e. whether observed trait changes are adaptive. Here we reviewed 10,090 abstracts and extracted data from 71 studies reported in 58 relevant publications, to assess quantitatively whether phenotypic trait changes associated with climate change are adaptive in animals. A meta-analysis focussing on birds, the taxon best represented in our dataset, suggests that global warming has not systematically affected morphological traits, but has advanced phenological traits. We demonstrate that these advances are adaptive for some species, but imperfect as evidenced by the observed consistent selection for earlier timing. Application of a theoretical model indicates that the evolutionary load imposed by incomplete adaptive responses to ongoing climate change may already be threatening the persistence of species. London Nature Publ. Group 2019 14 Nature Communications 10 10.1038/s41467-019-10924-4 Institut für Biochemie und Biologie OPUS4-50776 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Tiegs, Scott D.; Costello, David M.; Isken, Mark W.; Woodward, Guy; McIntyre, Peter B.; Gessner, Mark O.; Chauvet, Eric; Griffiths, Natalie A.; Flecker, Alex S.; Acuna, Vicenc; Albarino, Ricardo; Allen, Daniel C.; Alonso, Cecilia; Andino, Patricio; Arango, Clay; Aroviita, Jukka; Barbosa, Marcus V. M.; Barmuta, Leon A.; Baxter, Colden V.; Bell, Thomas D. C.; Bellinger, Brent; Boyero, Luz; Brown, Lee E.; Bruder, Andreas; Bruesewitz, Denise A.; Burdon, Francis J.; Callisto, Marcos; Canhoto, Cristina; Capps, Krista A.; Castillo, Maria M.; Clapcott, Joanne; Colas, Fanny; Colon-Gaud, Checo; Cornut, Julien; Crespo-Perez, Veronica; Cross, Wyatt F.; Culp, Joseph M.; Danger, Michael; Dangles, Olivier; de Eyto, Elvira; Derry, Alison M.; Diaz Villanueva, Veronica; Douglas, Michael M.; Elosegi, Arturo; Encalada, Andrea C.; Entrekin, Sally; Espinosa, Rodrigo; Ethaiya, Diana; Ferreira, Veronica; Ferriol, Carmen; Flanagan, Kyla M.; Fleituch, Tadeusz; Shah, Jennifer J. Follstad; Frainer, Andre; Friberg, Nikolai; Frost, Paul C.; Garcia, Erica A.; Lago, Liliana Garcia; Garcia Soto, Pavel Ernesto; Ghate, Sudeep; Giling, Darren P.; Gilmer, Alan; Goncalves, Jose Francisco; Gonzales, Rosario Karina; Graca, Manuel A. S.; Grace, Mike; Grossart, Hans-Peter; Guerold, Francois; Gulis, Vlad; Hepp, Luiz U.; Higgins, Scott; Hishi, Takuo; Huddart, Joseph; Hudson, John; Imberger, Samantha; Iniguez-Armijos, Carlos; Iwata, Tomoya; Janetski, David J.; Jennings, Eleanor; Kirkwood, Andrea E.; Koning, Aaron A.; Kosten, Sarian; Kuehn, Kevin A.; Laudon, Hjalmar; Leavitt, Peter R.; Lemes da Silva, Aurea L.; Leroux, Shawn J.; Leroy, Carri J.; Lisi, Peter J.; MacKenzie, Richard; Marcarelli, Amy M.; Masese, Frank O.; Mckie, Brendan G.; Oliveira Medeiros, Adriana; Meissner, Kristian; Milisa, Marko; Mishra, Shailendra; Miyake, Yo; Moerke, Ashley; Mombrikotb, Shorok; Mooney, Rob; Moulton, Tim; Muotka, Timo; Negishi, Junjiro N.; Neres-Lima, Vinicius; Nieminen, Mika L.; Nimptsch, Jorge; Ondruch, Jakub; Paavola, Riku; Pardo, Isabel; Patrick, Christopher J.; Peeters, Edwin T. H. M.; Pozo, Jesus; Pringle, Catherine; Prussian, Aaron; Quenta, Estefania; Quesada, Antonio; Reid, Brian; Richardson, John S.; Rigosi, Anna; Rincon, Jose; Risnoveanu, Geta; Robinson, Christopher T.; Rodriguez-Gallego, Lorena; Royer, Todd V.; Rusak, James A.; Santamans, Anna C.; Selmeczy, Geza B.; Simiyu, Gelas; Skuja, Agnija; Smykla, Jerzy; Sridhar, Kandikere R.; Sponseller, Ryan; Stoler, Aaron; Swan, Christopher M.; Szlag, David; Teixeira-de Mello, Franco; Tonkin, Jonathan D.; Uusheimo, Sari; Veach, Allison M.; Vilbaste, Sirje; Vought, Lena B. M.; Wang, Chiao-Ping; Webster, Jackson R.; Wilson, Paul B.; Woelfl, Stefan; Xenopoulos, Marguerite A.; Yates, Adam G.; Yoshimura, Chihiro; Yule, Catherine M.; Zhang, Yixin X.; Zwart, Jacob A. Global patterns and drivers of ecosystem functioning in rivers and riparian zones River ecosystems receive and process vast quantities of terrestrial organic carbon, the fate of which depends strongly on microbial activity. Variation in and controls of processing rates, however, are poorly characterized at the global scale. In response, we used a peer-sourced research network and a highly standardized carbon processing assay to conduct a global-scale field experiment in greater than 1000 river and riparian sites. We found that Earth's biomes have distinct carbon processing signatures. Slow processing is evident across latitudes, whereas rapid rates are restricted to lower latitudes. Both the mean rate and variability decline with latitude, suggesting temperature constraints toward the poles and greater roles for other environmental drivers (e.g., nutrient loading) toward the equator. These results and data set the stage for unprecedented "next-generation biomonitoring" by establishing baselines to help quantify environmental impacts to the functioning of ecosystems at a global scale. Washington American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science 2019 8 Science Advances 5 1 10.1126/sciadv.aav0486 Institut für Biochemie und Biologie OPUS4-48167 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Gancheva, Sofiya; Ouni, Meriem; Jelenik, Tomas; Koliaki, Chrysi; Szendroedi, Julia; Toledo, Frederico G. S.; Markgraf, Daniel Frank; Pesta, Dominik H.; Mastrototaro, Lucia; De Filippo, Elisabetta; Herder, Christian; Jähnert, Markus; Weiss, Jürgen; Strassburger, Klaus; Schlensak, Matthias; Schürmann, Annette; Roden, Michael Dynamic changes of muscle insulin sensitivity after metabolic surgery The mechanisms underlying improved insulin sensitivity after surgically-induced weight loss are still unclear. We monitored skeletal muscle metabolism in obese individuals before and over 52 weeks after metabolic surgery. Initial weight loss occurs in parallel with a decrease in muscle oxidative capacity and respiratory control ratio. Persistent elevation of intramyocellular lipid intermediates, likely resulting from unrestrained adipose tissue lipolysis, accompanies the lack of rapid changes in insulin sensitivity. Simultaneously, alterations in skeletal muscle expression of genes involved in calcium/lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function associate with subsequent distinct DNA methylation patterns at 52 weeks after surgery. Thus, initial unfavorable metabolic changes including insulin resistance of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle precede epigenetic modifications of genes involved in muscle energy metabolism and the long-term improvement of insulin sensitivity. London Nature Publ. Group 2019 13 Nature Communications 10 10.1038/s41467-019-12081-0 Institut für Ernährungswissenschaft OPUS4-13465 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Musson, R. M. W.; Toro, G. R.; Coppersmith, Kevin J.; Bommer, Julian J.; Deichmann, N.; Bungum, Hilmar; Cotton, Fabrice Pierre; Scherbaum, Frank; Slejko, Dario; Abrahamson, Norman A. Evaluating hazard results for Switzerland and how not to do it : a discussion of "Problems in the application of the SSHAC probability method for assessing earthquake hazards at Swiss nuclear power plants" by J-U Klugel The PEGASOS project was a major international seismic hazard study, one of the largest ever conducted anywhere in the world, to assess seismic hazard at four nuclear power plant sites in Switzerland. Before the report of this project has become publicly available, a paper attacking both methodology and results has appeared. Since the general scientific readership may have difficulty in assessing this attack in the absence of the report being attacked, we supply a response in the present paper. The bulk of the attack, besides some misconceived arguments about the role of uncertainties in seismic hazard analysis, is carried by some exercises that purport to be validation exercises. In practice, they are no such thing; they are merely independent sets of hazard calculations based on varying assumptions and procedures, often rather questionable, which come up with various different answers which have no particular significance. (C) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved 2005 Institut für Geowissenschaften OPUS4-13874 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Schmedes, J.; Hainzl, Sebastian; Reamer, S. K.; Scherbaum, Frank; Hinzen, K. G. Moment release in the Lower Rhine Embayment, Germany : seismological perspective of the deformation process An important task of seismic hazard assessment consists of estimating the rate of seismic moment release which is correlated to the rate of tectonic deformation and the seismic coupling. However, the estimations of deformation depend on the type of information utilized (e.g. geodetic, geological, seismic) and include large uncertainties. We therefore estimate the deformation rate in the Lower Rhine Embayment (LRE), Germany, using an integrated approach where the uncertainties have been systematically incorporated. On the basis of a new homogeneous earthquake catalogue we initially determine the frequency-magnitude distribution by statistical methods. In particular, we focus on an adequate estimation of the upper bound of the Gutenberg-Richter relation and demonstrate the importance of additional palaeoseis- mological information. The integration of seismological and geological information yields a probability distribution of the upper bound magnitude. Using this distribution together with the distribution of Gutenberg-Richter a and b values, we perform Monte Carlo simulations to derive the seismic moment release as a function of the observation time. The seismic moment release estimated from synthetic earthquake catalogues with short catalogue length is found to systematically underestimate the long-term moment rate which can be analytically determined. The moment release recorded in the LRE over the last 250 yr is found to be in good agreement with the probability distribution resulting from the Monte Carlo simulations. Furthermore, the long-term distribution is within its uncertainties consistent with the moment rate derived by geological measurements, indicating an almost complete seismic coupling in this region. By means of Kostrov's formula, we additionally calculate the full deformation rate tensor using the distribution of known focal mechanisms in LRE. Finally, we use the same approach to calculate the seismic moment and the deformation rate for two subsets of the catalogue corresponding to the east- and west-dipping faults, respectively 2005 Institut für Geowissenschaften