Dokument-ID Dokumenttyp Verfasser/Autoren Herausgeber Haupttitel Abstract Auflage Verlagsort Verlag Erscheinungsjahr Seitenzahl Schriftenreihe Titel Schriftenreihe Bandzahl ISBN Quelle der Hochschulschrift Konferenzname Quelle:Titel Quelle:Jahrgang Quelle:Heftnummer Quelle:Erste Seite Quelle:Letzte Seite URN DOI Abteilungen OPUS4-52288 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel De Lombaerde, Emiel; Verheyen, Kris; Perring, Michael P.; Bernhardt-Roemermann, Markus; Van Calster, Hans; Brunet, Jorg; Chudomelova, Marketa; Decocq, Guillaume; Diekmann, Martin; Durak, Tomasz; Hedl, Radim; Heinken, Thilo; Hommel, Patrick; Jaroszewicz, Bogdan; Kopecky, Martin; Lenoir, Jonathan; Macek, Martin; Máliš, František; Mitchell, Fraser J. G.; Naaf, Tobias; Newman, Miles; Petřík, Petr; Reczyńska, Kamila; Schmidt, Wolfgang; Swierkosz, Krzysztof; Vild, Ondrej; Wulf, Monika; Baetena, Lander Responses of competitive understorey species to spatial environmental gradients inaccurately explain temporal changes Understorey plant communities play a key role in the functioning of forest ecosystems. Under favourable environmental conditions, competitive understorey species may develop high abundances and influence important ecosystem processes such as tree regeneration. Thus, understanding and predicting the response of competitive understorey species as a function of changing environmental conditions is important for forest managers. In the absence of sufficient temporal data to quantify actual vegetation changes, space-for-time (SFT) substitution is often used, i.e. studies that use environmental gradients across space to infer vegetation responses to environmental change over time. Here we assess the validity of such SFT approaches and analysed 36 resurvey studies from ancient forests with low levels of recent disturbances across temperate Europe to assess how six competitive understorey plant species respond to gradients of overstorey cover, soil conditions, atmospheric N deposition and climatic conditions over space and time. The combination of historical and contemporary surveys allows (i) to test if observed contemporary patterns across space are consistent at the time of the historical survey, and, crucially, (ii) to assess whether changes in abundance over time given recorded environmental change match expectations from patterns recorded along environmental gradients in space. We found consistent spatial relationships at the two periods: local variation in soil variables and overstorey cover were the best predictors of individual species' cover while interregional variation in coarse-scale variables, i.e. N deposition and climate, was less important. However, we found that our SFT approach could not accurately explain the large variation in abundance changes over time. We thus recommend to be cautious when using SFT substitution to infer species responses to temporal changes. München Elsevier GMBH 2018 13 Basic and applied ecology : Journal of the Gesellschaft für Ökologie 30 52 64 10.1016/j.baae.2018.05.013 Institut für Biochemie und Biologie OPUS4-53126 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Perring, Michael P.; Bernhardt-Roemermann, Markus; Baeten, Lander; Midolo, Gabriele; Blondeel, Haben; Depauw, Leen; Landuyt, Dries; Maes, Sybryn L.; De Lombaerde, Emiel; Caron, Maria Mercedes; Vellend, Mark; Brunet, Joerg; Chudomelova, Marketa; Decocq, Guillaume; Diekmann, Martin; Dirnboeck, Thomas; Doerfler, Inken; Durak, Tomasz; De Frenne, Pieter; Gilliam, Frank S.; Hedl, Radim; Heinken, Thilo; Hommel, Patrick; Jaroszewicz, Bogdan; Kirby, Keith J.; Kopecky, Martin; Lenoir, Jonathan; Li, Daijiang; Malis, Frantisek; Mitchell, Fraser J. G.; Naaf, Tobias; Newman, Miles; Petrik, Petr; Reczynska, Kamila; Schmidt, Wolfgang; Standovar, Tibor; Swierkosz, Krzysztof; Van Calster, Hans; Vild, Ondrej; Wagner, Eva Rosa; Wulf, Monika; Verheyen, Kris Global environmental change effects on plant community composition trajectories depend upon management legacies The contemporary state of functional traits and species richness in plant communities depends on legacy effects of past disturbances. Whether temporal responses of community properties to current environmental changes are altered by such legacies is, however, unknown. We expect global environmental changes to interact with land-use legacies given different community trajectories initiated by prior management, and subsequent responses to altered resources and conditions. We tested this expectation for species richness and functional traits using 1814 survey-resurvey plot pairs of understorey communities from 40 European temperate forest datasets, syntheses of management transitions since the year 1800, and a trait database. We also examined how plant community indicators of resources and conditions changed in response to management legacies and environmental change. Community trajectories were clearly influenced by interactions between management legacies from over 200 years ago and environmental change. Importantly, higher rates of nitrogen deposition led to increased species richness and plant height in forests managed less intensively in 1800 (i.e., high forests), and to decreases in forests with a more intensive historical management in 1800 (i.e., coppiced forests). There was evidence that these declines in community variables in formerly coppiced forests were ameliorated by increased rates of temperature change between surveys. Responses were generally apparent regardless of sites' contemporary management classifications, although sometimes the management transition itself, rather than historic or contemporary management types, better explained understorey responses. Main effects of environmental change were rare, although higher rates of precipitation change increased plant height, accompanied by increases in fertility indicator values. Analysis of indicator values suggested the importance of directly characterising resources and conditions to better understand legacy and environmental change effects. Accounting for legacies of past disturbance can reconcile contradictory literature results and appears crucial to anticipating future responses to global environmental change. Hoboken Wiley 2018 19 Global change biology 24 4 1722 1740 10.1111/gcb.14030 Institut für Biochemie und Biologie OPUS4-34591 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel De Frenne, Pieter; Rodriguez-Sanchez, Francisco; Coomes, David Anthony; Bäten, Lander; Versträten, Gorik; Vellend, Mark; Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus; Brown, Carissa D.; Brunet, Jörg; Cornelis, Johnny; Decocq, Guillaume M.; Dierschke, Hartmut; Eriksson, Ove; Gilliam, Frank S.; Hedl, Radim; Heinken, Thilo; Hermy, Martin; Hommel, Patrick; Jenkins, Michael A.; Kelly, Daniel L.; Kirby, Keith J.; Mitchell, Fraser J. G.; Naaf, Tobias; Newman, Miles; Peterken, George; Petrik, Petr; Schultz, Jan; Sonnier, Gregory; Van Calster, Hans; Waller, Donald M.; Walther, Gian-Reto; White, Peter S.; Woods, Kerry D.; Wulf, Monika; Graae, Bente Jessen; Verheyen, Kris Microclimate moderates plant responses to macroclimate warming Recent global warming is acting across marine, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems to favor species adapted to warmer conditions and/or reduce the abundance of cold-adapted organisms (i.e., "thermophilization" of communities). Lack of community responses to increased temperature, however, has also been reported for several taxa and regions, suggesting that "climatic lags" may be frequent. Here we show that microclimatic effects brought about by forest canopy closure can buffer biotic responses to macroclimate warming, thus explaining an apparent climatic lag. Using data from 1,409 vegetation plots in European and North American temperate forests, each surveyed at least twice over an interval of 12-67 y, we document significant thermophilization of ground-layer plant communities. These changes reflect concurrent declines in species adapted to cooler conditions and increases in species adapted to warmer conditions. However, thermophilization, particularly the increase of warm-adapted species, is attenuated in forests whose canopies have become denser, probably reflecting cooler growing-season ground temperatures via increased shading. As standing stocks of trees have increased in many temperate forests in recent decades, local microclimatic effects may commonly be moderating the impacts of macroclimate warming on forest understories. Conversely, increases in harvesting woody biomass-e.g., for bioenergy-may open forest canopies and accelerate thermophilization of temperate forest biodiversity. Washington National Acad. of Sciences 2013 5 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 110 46 18561 18565 10.1073/pnas.1311190110 Institut für Biochemie und Biologie OPUS4-36104 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Verheyen, Kris; Baeten, Lander; De Frenne, Pieter; Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus; Brunet, Jorg; Cornelis, Johnny; Decocq, Guillaume; Dierschke, Hartmut; Eriksson, Ove; Hedl, Radim; Heinken, Thilo; Hermy, Martin; Hommel, Patrick; Kirby, Keith J.; Naaf, Tobias; Peterken, George; Petrik, Petr; Pfadenhauer, Joerg; Van Calster, Hans; Walther, Gian-Reto; Wulf, Monika; Verstraeten, Gorik Driving factors behind the eutrophication signal in understorey plant communities of deciduous temperate forests 1. Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition is expected to change forest understorey plant community composition and diversity, but results of experimental addition studies and observational studies are not yet conclusive. A shortcoming of observational studies, which are generally based on resurveys or sampling along large deposition gradients, is the occurrence of temporal or spatial confounding factors. 2. We were able to assess the contribution of N deposition versus other ecological drivers on forest understorey plant communities by combining a temporal and spatial approach. Data from 1205 (semi-)permanent vegetation plots taken from 23 rigorously selected understorey resurvey studies along a large deposition gradient across deciduous temperate forest in Europe were compiled and related to various local and regional driving factors, including the rate of atmospheric N deposition, the change in large herbivore densities and the change in canopy cover and composition. 3. Although no directional change in species richness occurred, there was considerable floristic turnover in the understorey plant community and a shift in species composition towards more shade-tolerant and nutrient-demanding species. However, atmospheric N deposition was not important in explaining the observed eutrophication signal. This signal seemed mainly related to a shift towards a denser canopy cover and a changed canopy species composition with a higher share of species with more easily decomposed litter. 4. Synthesis. Our multi-site approach clearly demonstrates that one should be cautious when drawing conclusions about the impact of atmospheric N deposition based on the interpretation of plant community shifts in single sites or regions due to other, concurrent, ecological changes. Even though the effects of chronically increased N deposition on the forest plant communities are apparently obscured by the effects of canopy changes, the accumulated N might still have a significant impact. However, more research is needed to assess whether this N time bomb will indeed explode when canopies will open up again. Hoboken Wiley-Blackwell 2012 14 The journal of ecology 100 2 352 365 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2011.01928.x Institut für Biochemie und Biologie OPUS4-38098 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Baeten, Lander; Warton, David I.; Van Calster, Hans; De Frenne, Pieter; Verstraeten, Gorik; Bonte, Dries; Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus; Cornelis, Johnny; Decocq, Guillaume; Eriksson, Ove; Hedl, Radim; Heinken, Thilo; Hermy, Martin; Hommel, Patrick; Kirby, Keith J.; Naaf, Tobias; Petrik, Petr; Walther, Gian-Reto; Wulf, Monica; Verheyen, Kris A model-based approach to studying changes in compositional heterogeneity Hoboken Wiley-Blackwell 2014 9 Methods in ecology and evolution : an official journal of the British Ecological Society 5 2 156 164 Institut für Biochemie und Biologie OPUS4-38577 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus; Baeten, Lander; Craven, Dylan; De Frenne, Pieter; Hedl, Radim; Lenoir, Jonathan; Bert, Didier; Brunet, Jorg; Chudomelova, Marketa; Decocq, Guillaume; Dierschke, Hartmut; Dirnboeck, Thomas; Dörfler, Inken; Heinken, Thilo; Hermy, Martin; Hommel, Patrick; Jaroszewicz, Bogdan; Keczynski, Andrzej; Kelly, Daniel L.; Kirby, Keith J.; Kopecky, Martin; Macek, Martin; Malis, Frantisek; Mirtl, Michael; Mitchell, Fraser J. G.; Naaf, Tobias; Newman, Miles; Peterken, George; Petrik, Petr; Schmidt, Wolfgang; Standovar, Tibor; Toth, Zoltan; Van Calster, Hans; Verstraeten, Gorik; Vladovic, Jozef; Vild, Ondrej; Wulf, Monika; Verheyen, Kris Drivers of temporal changes in temperate forest plant diversity vary across spatial scales Global biodiversity is affected by numerous environmental drivers. Yet, the extent to which global environmental changes contribute to changes in local diversity is poorly understood. We investigated biodiversity changes in a meta-analysis of 39 resurvey studies in European temperate forests (3988 vegetation records in total, 17-75years between the two surveys) by assessing the importance of (i) coarse-resolution (i.e., among sites) vs. fine-resolution (i.e., within sites) environmental differences and (ii) changing environmental conditions between surveys. Our results clarify the mechanisms underlying the direction and magnitude of local-scale biodiversity changes. While not detecting any net local diversity loss, we observed considerable among-site variation, partly explained by temporal changes in light availability (a local driver) and density of large herbivores (a regional driver). Furthermore, strong evidence was found that presurvey levels of nitrogen deposition determined subsequent diversity changes. We conclude that models forecasting future biodiversity changes should consider coarse-resolution environmental changes, account for differences in baseline environmental conditions and for local changes in fine-resolution environmental conditions. Hoboken Wiley-Blackwell 2015 12 Global change biology 21 10 3726 3737 10.1111/gcb.12993 Institut für Biochemie und Biologie