@article{ChaturvediMehrotraKumarietal.2019, author = {Chaturvedi, Neha and Mehrotra, Bagish and Kumari, Sangeeta and Gupta, Saurabh and Subramanya, Hosahalli and Saberwal, Gayatri}, title = {Some data quality issues at ClinicalTrials.gov}, series = {Trials}, volume = {20}, journal = {Trials}, publisher = {BMC}, address = {London}, issn = {1745-6215}, doi = {10.1186/s13063-019-3408-2}, pages = {8}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Schiro2019, author = {Schiro, Gabriele}, title = {Spatial distribution of phyllosphere fungi in topographically heterogeneous wheat fields}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {105}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{PenoneAllanSoliveresetal.2019, author = {Penone, Caterina and Allan, Eric and Soliveres, Santiago and Felipe-Lucia, Maria R. and Gossner, Martin M. and Seibold, Sebastian and Simons, Nadja K. and Schall, Peter and van der Plas, Fons and Manning, Peter and Manzanedo, Ruben D. and Boch, Steffen and Prati, Daniel and Ammer, Christian and Bauhus, Juergen and Buscot, Francois and Ehbrecht, Martin and Goldmann, Kezia and Jung, Kirsten and Mueller, Joerg and Mueller, Joerg C. and Pena, Rodica and Polle, Andrea and Renner, Swen C. and Ruess, Liliane and Schoenig, Ingo and Schrumpf, Marion and Solly, Emily F. and Tschapka, Marco and Weisser, Wolfgang W. and Wubet, Tesfaye and Fischer, Markus}, title = {Specialisation and diversity of multiple trophic groups are promoted by different forest features}, series = {Ecology letters}, volume = {22}, journal = {Ecology letters}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1461-023X}, doi = {10.1111/ele.13182}, pages = {170 -- 180}, year = {2019}, abstract = {While forest management strongly influences biodiversity, it remains unclear how the structural and compositional changes caused by management affect different community dimensions (e.g. richness, specialisation, abundance or completeness) and how this differs between taxa. We assessed the effects of nine forest features (representing stand structure, heterogeneity and tree composition) on thirteen above- and belowground trophic groups of plants, animals, fungi and bacteria in 150 temperate forest plots differing in their management type. Canopy cover decreased light resources, which increased community specialisation but reduced overall diversity and abundance. Features increasing resource types and diversifying microhabitats (admixing of oaks and conifers) were important and mostly affected richness. Belowground groups responded differently to those aboveground and had weaker responses to most forest features. Our results show that we need to consider forest features rather than broad management types and highlight the importance of considering several groups and community dimensions to better inform conservation.}, language = {en} } @article{BubnerBuchheitFriedrichetal.2019, author = {Bubner, Ben and Buchheit, Ramona and Friedrich, Frank and Kummer, Volker and Scholler, Markus}, title = {Species identification of European forest pathogens of the genus Milesina (Pucciniales) using urediniospore morphology and molecular barcoding including M. woodwardiana sp. nov.}, series = {MycoKeys}, journal = {MycoKeys}, number = {48}, publisher = {Pensoft Publishers}, address = {Sofia}, issn = {1314-4057}, doi = {10.3897/mycokeys.48.30350}, pages = {1 -- 40}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Species of rust fungi of the genus Milesina (Pucciiastraceae, Pucciniales) are distributed mainly in northern temperate regions. They host-alternate between needles of fir (Abies spp.) and fronds of ferns (species of Polypodiales). Milesina species are distinguished based on host taxonomy and urediniospore morphology. In this study, 12 species of Milesina from Europe were revised. Specimens were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy for urediniospore morphology with a focus on visualising germ pores (number, size and position) and echinulation. In addition, barcode loci (ITS, nad6, 28S) were used for species delimitation and for molecular phylogenetic analyses. Barcodes of 72 Milesina specimens were provided, including 11 of the 12 species. Whereas urediniospore morphology features were sufficient to distinguish all 12 Milesina species except for 2 (M. blechni and M. kriegeriana), ITS sequences separated only 4 of 11 species. Sequencing with 28S and nad6 did not improve species resolution. Phylogenetic analysis, however, revealed four phylogenetic groups within Milesina that also correlate with specific urediniospore characters (germ pore number and position and echinulation). These groups are proposed as new sections within Milesina (sections Milesina, Vogesiacae M. Scholler \& Bubner, sect. nov., Scolopendriorum M. Scholler \& Bubner, sect. nov. and Carpaticae M. Scholler \& Bubner, sect. nov.). In addition, Milesina woodwardiana Buchheit \& M. Scholler, sp. nov. on Woodwardia radicans, a member of the type section Milesina, is newly described. An identification key for European Milesina species, based on urediniospore features, is provided.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Ramming2019, author = {Ramming, Anna}, title = {Specific Roles of POLY(A) POLYMERASE1 in the male Gametophyte and Beyond}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {143}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{SeitzSchumacherBakeretal.2019, author = {Seitz, Aaron P. and Schumacher, Fabian and Baker, Jennifer and Soddemann, Matthias and Wilker, Barbara and Caldwell, Charles C. and Gobble, Ryan M. and Kamler, Markus and Becker, Katrin Anne and Beck, Sascha and Kleuser, Burkhard and Edwards, Michael J. and Gulbins, Erich}, title = {Sphingosine-coating of plastic surfaces prevents ventilator-associated pneumonia}, series = {Journal of molecular medicine}, volume = {97}, journal = {Journal of molecular medicine}, number = {8}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, issn = {0946-2716}, doi = {10.1007/s00109-019-01800-1}, pages = {1195 -- 1211}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Here, we employed the broad antibacterial effects of sphingosine to prevent VAP by developing a novel method of coating surfaces of endotracheal tubes with sphingosine and sphingosine analogs. Sphingosine and phytosphingosine coatings of endotracheal tubes prevent adherence and mediate killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Staphylococcus aureus, even in biofilms. Most importantly, sphingosine-coating of endotracheal tubes also prevented P. aeruginosa and S. aureus pneumonia in vivo. Coating of the tubes with sphingosine was stable, without obvious side effects on tracheal epithelial cells and did not induce inflammation. In summary, we describe a novel method to coat plastic surfaces and provide evidence for the application of sphingosine and phytosphingosine as novel antimicrobial coatings to prevent bacterial adherence and induce killing of pathogens on the surface of endotracheal tubes with potential to prevent biofilm formation and VAP.Key messagesNovel dip-coating method to coat plastic surfaces with lipids.Sphingosine and phytosphingosine as novel antimicrobial coatings on plastic surface.Sphingosine coatings of endotracheal tubes prevent bacterial adherence and biofilms.Sphingosine coatings of endotracheal tubes induce killing of pathogens.Sphingosine coatings of endotracheal tubes ventilator-associated pneumonia.}, language = {en} } @article{MartielMuellerWerkmeisterCohen2019, author = {Martiel, Isabelle and M{\"u}ller-Werkmeister, Henrike and Cohen, Aina E.}, title = {Strategies for sample delivery for femtosecond crystallography}, series = {Acta Crystallographica : Section D, Structural biology}, volume = {75}, journal = {Acta Crystallographica : Section D, Structural biology}, publisher = {Bognor Regis}, address = {Wiley}, issn = {2059-7983}, doi = {10.1107/S2059798318017953}, pages = {160 -- 177}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Highly efficient data-collection methods are required for successful macromolecular crystallography (MX) experiments at X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs). XFEL beamtime is scarce, and the high peak brightness of each XFEL pulse destroys the exposed crystal volume. It is therefore necessary to combine diffraction images from a large number of crystals (hundreds to hundreds of thousands) to obtain a final data set, bringing about sample-refreshment challenges that have previously been unknown to the MX synchrotron community. In view of this experimental complexity, a number of sample delivery methods have emerged, each with specific requirements, drawbacks and advantages. To provide useful selection criteria for future experiments, this review summarizes the currently available sample delivery methods, emphasising the basic principles and the specific sample requirements. Two main approaches to sample delivery are first covered: (i) injector methods with liquid or viscous media and (ii) fixed-target methods using large crystals or using microcrystals inside multi-crystal holders or chips. Additionally, hybrid methods such as acoustic droplet ejection and crystal extraction are covered, which combine the advantages of both fixed-target and injector approaches.}, language = {en} } @article{HoeferDiLellaDahmanietal.2019, author = {H{\"o}fer, C. T. and Di Lella, S. and Dahmani, Ismail and Jungnick, N. and Bordag, N. and Bobone, Sara and Huang, Q. and Keller, S. and Herrmann, A. and Chiantia, Salvatore}, title = {Structural determinants of the interaction between influenza A virus matrix protein M1 and lipid membranes}, series = {Biochimica et biophysica acta : Biomembranes}, volume = {1861}, journal = {Biochimica et biophysica acta : Biomembranes}, number = {6}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0005-2736}, doi = {10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.03.013}, pages = {1123 -- 1134}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Influenza A virus is a pathogen responsible for severe seasonal epidemics threatening human and animal populations every year. One of the ten major proteins encoded by the viral genome, the matrix protein M1, is abundantly produced in infected cells and plays a structural role in determining the morphology of the virus. During assembly of new viral particles, M1 is recruited to the host cell membrane where it associates with lipids and other viral proteins. The structure of M1 is only partially known. In particular, structural details of M1 interactions with the cellular plasma membrane as well as M1 protein interactions and multimerization have not been clarified, yet. In this work, we employed a set of complementary experimental and theoretical tools to tackle these issues. Using raster image correlation, surface plasmon resonance and circular dichroism spectroscopies, we quantified membrane association and oligomerization of full-length M1 and of different genetically engineered M1 constructs (i.e., N- and C-terminally truncated constructs and a mutant of the polybasic region, residues 95-105). Furthermore, we report novel information on structural changes in M1 occurring upon binding to membranes. Our experimental results are corroborated by an all-atom model of the full-length M1 protein bound to a negatively charged lipid bilayer.}, language = {en} } @article{SchieferdeckerWendler2019, author = {Schieferdecker, Anne and Wendler, Petra}, title = {Structural Mapping of Missense Mutations in the Pex1/Pex6 Complex}, series = {International journal of molecular sciences}, volume = {20}, journal = {International journal of molecular sciences}, number = {15}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1422-0067}, doi = {10.3390/ijms20153756}, pages = {25}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBDs) are nontreatable hereditary diseases with a broad range of severity. Approximately 65\% of patients are affected by mutations in the peroxins Pex1 and Pex6. The proteins form the heteromeric Pex1/Pex6 complex, which is important for protein import into peroxisomes. To date, no structural data are available for this AAA+ ATPase complex. However, a wealth of information can be transferred from low-resolution structures of the yeast scPex1/scPex6 complex and homologous, well-characterized AAA+ ATPases. We review the abundant records of missense mutations described in PBD patients with the aim to classify and rationalize them by mapping them onto a homology model of the human Pex1/Pex6 complex. Several mutations concern functionally conserved residues that are implied in ATP hydrolysis and substrate processing. Contrary to fold destabilizing mutations, patients suffering from function-impairing mutations may not benefit from stabilizing agents, which have been reported as potential therapeutics for PBD patients.}, language = {en} } @misc{HermanussenSchefflerGrothetal.2019, author = {Hermanussen, Michael and Scheffler, Christiane and Groth, Detlef and Bogin, Barry}, title = {Student work on trends in infant and child growth}, series = {Journal of biological and clinical anthropology : Anthropologischer Anzeiger : Mitteilungsorgan der Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Anthropologie}, volume = {76}, journal = {Journal of biological and clinical anthropology : Anthropologischer Anzeiger : Mitteilungsorgan der Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Anthropologie}, number = {5}, publisher = {Schweizerbart}, address = {Stuttgart}, issn = {0003-5548}, doi = {10.1127/anthranz/2019/1052}, pages = {363 -- 364}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{HeimHeimZengetal.2019, author = {Heim, D. M. and Heim, Olga and Zeng, P. A. and Zheng, Jeffrey}, title = {Successful Creation of Regular Patterns in Variant Maps from Bat Echolocation Calls}, series = {Variant Construction from Theoretical Foundation to Applications}, journal = {Variant Construction from Theoretical Foundation to Applications}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Singapore}, isbn = {978-981-13-2282-2}, doi = {10.1007/978-981-13-2282-2_25}, pages = {391 -- 400}, year = {2019}, abstract = {We created variant maps based on bat echolocation call recordings and outline here the transformation process and describe the resulting visual features. The maps show regular patterns while characteristic features change when bat call recording properties change. By focusing on specific visual features, we found a set of projection parameters which allowed us to classify the variant maps into two distinct groups. These results are promising indicators that variant maps can be used as basis for new echolocation call classification algorithms.}, language = {en} } @article{RiedelSiemiatkowskaWatanabeetal.2019, author = {Riedel, Simona and Siemiatkowska, Beata and Watanabe, Mutsumi and M{\"u}ller, Christina S. and Sch{\"u}nemann, Volker and Hoefgen, Rainer and Leimk{\"u}hler, Silke}, title = {The ABCB7-Like Transporter PexA in Rhodobacter capsulatus Is Involved in the Translocation of Reactive Sulfur Species}, series = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, volume = {10}, journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-302X}, doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2019.00406}, pages = {19}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The mitochondrial ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters ABCB7 in humans, Atm1 in yeast and ATM3 in plants, are highly conserved in their overall architecture and particularly in their glutathione binding pocket located within the transmembrane spanning domains. These transporters have attracted interest in the last two decades based on their proposed role in connecting the mitochondrial iron sulfur (Fe-S) cluster assembly with its cytosolic Fe-S cluster assembly (CIA) counterpart. So far, the specific compound that is transported across the membrane remains unknown. In this report we characterized the ABCB7-like transporter Rcc02305 in Rhodobacter capsulatus, which shares 47\% amino acid sequence identity with its mitochondrial counterpart. The constructed interposon mutant strain in R. capsulatus displayed increased levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species without a simultaneous accumulation of the cellular iron levels. The inhibition of endogenous glutathione biosynthesis resulted in an increase of total glutathione levels in the mutant strain. Bioinformatic analysis of the amino acid sequence motifs revealed a potential aminotransferase class-V pyridoxal-50-phosphate (PLP) binding site that overlaps with the Walker A motif within the nucleotide binding domains of the transporter. PLP is a well characterized cofactor of L-cysteine desulfurases like IscS and NFS1 which has a role in the formation of a protein-bound persulfide group within these proteins. We therefore suggest renaming the ABCB7-like transporter Rcc02305 in R. capsulatus to PexA for PLP binding exporter. We further suggest that this ABC-transporter in R. capsulatus is involved in the formation and export of polysulfide species to the periplasm.}, language = {en} } @article{RyserHaeusslerStarketal.2019, author = {Ryser, Remo and H{\"a}ussler, Johanna and Stark, Markus and Brose, Ulrich and Rall, Bj{\"o}rn C. and Guill, Christian}, title = {The biggest losers: habitat isolation deconsructs complex food webs from top to bottom}, series = {Proceedings of the Royal Society of London : B, Biological sciences}, volume = {286}, journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Society of London : B, Biological sciences}, number = {1908}, publisher = {Royal Society}, address = {London}, issn = {0962-8452}, doi = {10.1098/rspb.2019.1177}, pages = {8}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Habitat fragmentation threatens global biodiversity. To date, there is only limited understanding of how the different aspects of habitat fragmentation (habitat loss, number of fragments and isolation) affect species diversity within complex ecological networks such as food webs. Here, we present a dynamic and spatially explicit food web model which integrates complex food web dynamics at the local scale and species-specific dispersal dynamics at the landscape scale, allowing us to study the interplay of local and spatial processes in metacommunities. We here explore how the number of habitat patches, i.e. the number of fragments, and an increase of habitat isolation affect the species diversity patterns of complex food webs (alpha-,beta-,gamma-, diversities). We specifically test whether there is a trophic dependency in the effect of these two factors on species diversity. In our model, habitat isolation is the main driver causing species loss and diversity decline. Our results emphasize that large-bodied consumer species at high trophic positions go extinct faster than smaller species at lower trophic levels, despite being superior dispersers that connect fragmented landscapes better. We attribute the loss of top species to a combined effect of higher biomass loss during dispersal with increasing habitat isolation in general, and the associated energy limitation in highly fragmented landscapes, preventing higher trophic levels to persist. To maintain trophic-complex and species-rich communities calls for effective conservation planning which considers the interdependence of trophic and spatial dynamics as well as the spatial context of a landscape and its energy availability.}, language = {en} } @article{DeCahsanWestburyDrewsetal.2019, author = {De Cahsan, Binia and Westbury, Michael V. and Drews, Hauke and Tiedemann, Ralph}, title = {The complete mitochondrial genome of a European fire-bellied toad (Bombina bombina) from Germany}, series = {Mitochondrial DNA Part B}, volume = {4}, journal = {Mitochondrial DNA Part B}, number = {1}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2380-2359}, doi = {10.1080/23802359.2018.1547143}, pages = {498 -- 500}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The European fire-bellied toad, Bombina bombina, is a small aquatic toad belonging to the family Bombinatoridae. The species is native to the lowlands of Central and Eastern Europe, where population numbers have been in decline in recent past decades. Here, we present the first complete mitochondrial genome of the endangered European fire-bellied toad from Northern Germany recovered using iterative mapping. Phylogenetic analyses including other representatives of the Bombinatoridae placed our German specimen as sister to a Polish B. bombina sequence with high support. This finding is congruent with the postulated Pleistocene history of the species. Our complete mitochondrial genome represents an important resource for further population analysis of the European fire-bellied toad, especially those found within Germany.}, language = {en} } @article{RadchukDeLaenderCabraletal.2019, author = {Radchuk, Viktoriia and De Laender, Frederik and Cabral, Juliano Sarmento and Boulangeat, Isabelle and Crawford, Michael Scott and Bohn, Friedrich and De Raedt, Jonathan and Scherer, Cedric and Svenning, Jens-Christian and Thonicke, Kirsten and Schurr, Frank M. and Grimm, Volker and Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie}, title = {The dimensionality of stability depends on disturbance type}, series = {Ecology letters}, volume = {22}, journal = {Ecology letters}, number = {4}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1461-023X}, doi = {10.1111/ele.13226}, pages = {674 -- 684}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Ecosystems respond in various ways to disturbances. Quantifying ecological stability therefore requires inspecting multiple stability properties, such as resistance, recovery, persistence and invariability. Correlations among these properties can reduce the dimensionality of stability, simplifying the study of environmental effects on ecosystems. A key question is how the kind of disturbance affects these correlations. We here investigated the effect of three disturbance types (random, species-specific, local) applied at four intensity levels, on the dimensionality of stability at the population and community level. We used previously parameterized models that represent five natural communities, varying in species richness and the number of trophic levels. We found that disturbance type but not intensity affected the dimensionality of stability and only at the population level. The dimensionality of stability also varied greatly among species and communities. Therefore, studying stability cannot be simplified to using a single metric and multi-dimensional assessments are still to be recommended.}, language = {en} } @article{MiddeldorpMahajanHorikoshietal.2019, author = {Middeldorp, Christel M. and Mahajan, Anubha and Horikoshi, Momoko and Robertson, Neil R. and Beaumont, Robin N. and Bradfield, Jonathan P. and Bustamante, Mariona and Cousminer, Diana L. and Day, Felix R. and De Silva, N. Maneka and Guxens, Monica and Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O. and St Pourcain, Beate and Warrington, Nicole M. and Adair, Linda S. and Ahlqvist, Emma and Ahluwalia, Tarunveer Singh and Almgren, Peter and Ang, Wei and Atalay, Mustafa and Auvinen, Juha and Bartels, Meike and Beckmann, Jacques S. and Bilbao, Jose Ramon and Bond, Tom and Borja, Judith B. and Cavadino, Alana and Charoen, Pimphen and Chen, Zhanghua and Coin, Lachlan and Cooper, Cyrus and Curtin, John A. and Custovic, Adnan and Das, Shikta and Davies, Gareth E. and Dedoussis, George V. and Duijts, Liesbeth and Eastwood, Peter R. and Eliasen, Anders U. and Elliott, Paul and Eriksson, Johan G. and Estivill, Xavier and Fadista, Joao and Fedko, Iryna O. and Frayling, Timothy M. and Gaillard, Romy and Gauderman, W. James and Geller, Frank and Gilliland, Frank and Gilsanz, Vincente and Granell, Raquel and Grarup, Niels and Groop, Leif and Hadley, Dexter and Hakonarson, Hakon and Hansen, Torben and Hartman, Catharina A. and Hattersley, Andrew T. and Hayes, M. Geoffrey and Hebebrand, Johannes and Heinrich, Joachim and Helgeland, Oyvind and Henders, Anjali K. and Henderson, John and Henriksen, Tine B. and Hirschhorn, Joel N. and Hivert, Marie-France and Hocher, Berthold and Holloway, John W. and Holt, Patrick and Hottenga, Jouke-Jan and Hypponen, Elina and Iniguez, Carmen and Johansson, Stefan and Jugessur, Astanand and Kahonen, Mika and Kalkwarf, Heidi J. and Kaprio, Jaakko and Karhunen, Ville and Kemp, John P. and Kerkhof, Marjan and Koppelman, Gerard H. and Korner, Antje and Kotecha, Sailesh and Kreiner-Moller, Eskil and Kulohoma, Benard and Kumar, Ashish and Kutalik, Zoltan and Lahti, Jari and Lappe, Joan M. and Larsson, Henrik and Lehtimaki, Terho and Lewin, Alexandra M. and Li, Jin and Lichtenstein, Paul and Lindgren, Cecilia M. and Lindi, Virpi and Linneberg, Allan and Liu, Xueping and Liu, Jun and Lowe, William L. and Lundstrom, Sebastian and Lyytikainen, Leo-Pekka and Ma, Ronald C. W. and Mace, Aurelien and Magi, Reedik and Magnus, Per and Mamun, Abdullah A. and Mannikko, Minna and Martin, Nicholas G. and Mbarek, Hamdi and McCarthy, Nina S. and Medland, Sarah E. and Melbye, Mads and Melen, Erik and Mohlke, Karen L. and Monnereau, Claire and Morgen, Camilla S. and Morris, Andrew P. and Murray, Jeffrey C. and Myhre, Ronny and Najman, Jackob M. and Nivard, Michel G. and Nohr, Ellen A. and Nolte, Ilja M. and Ntalla, Ioanna and Oberfield, Sharon E. and Oken, Emily and Oldehinkel, Albertine J. and Pahkala, Katja and Palviainen, Teemu and Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope and Pedersen, Oluf and Pennell, Craig E. and Pershagen, Goran and Pitkanen, Niina and Plomin, Robert and Power, Christine and Prasad, Rashmi B. and Prokopenko, Inga and Pulkkinen, Lea and Raikkonen, Katri and Raitakari, Olli T. and Reynolds, Rebecca M. and Richmond, Rebecca C. and Rivadeneira, Fernando and Rodriguez, Alina and Rose, Richard J. and Salem, Rany and Santa-Marina, Loreto and Saw, Seang-Mei and Schnurr, Theresia M. and Scott, James G. and Selzam, Saskia and Shepherd, John A. and Simpson, Angela and Skotte, Line and Sleiman, Patrick M. A. and Snieder, Harold and Sorensen, Thorkild I. A. and Standl, Marie and Steegers, Eric A. P. and Strachan, David P. and Straker, Leon and Strandberg, Timo and Taylor, Michelle and Teo, Yik-Ying and Thiering, Elisabeth and Torrent, Maties and Tyrrell, Jessica and Uitterlinden, Andre G. and van Beijsterveldt, Toos and van der Most, Peter J. and van Duijn, Cornelia M. and Viikari, Jorma and Vilor-Tejedor, Natalia and Vogelezang, Suzanne and Vonk, Judith M. and Vrijkotte, Tanja G. M. and Vuoksimaa, Eero and Wang, Carol A. and Watkins, William J. and Wichmann, H-Erich and Willemsen, Gonneke and Williams, Gail M. and Wilson, James F. and Wray, Naomi R. and Xu, Shujing and Xu, Cheng-Jian and Yaghootkar, Hanieh and Yi, Lu and Zafarmand, Mohammad Hadi and Zeggini, Eleftheria and Zemel, Babette S. and Hinney, Anke and Lakka, Timo A. and Whitehouse, Andrew J. O. and Sunyer, Jordi and Widen, Elisabeth E. and Feenstra, Bjarke and Sebert, Sylvain and Jacobsson, Bo and Njolstad, Pal R. and Stoltenberg, Camilla and Smith, George Davey and Lawlor, Debbie A. and Paternoster, Lavinia and Timpson, Nicholas J. and Ong, Ken K. and Bisgaard, Hans and Bonnelykke, Klaus and Jaddoe, Vincent W. V. and Tiemeier, Henning and Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta and Evans, David M. and Perry, John R. B. and Grant, Struan F. A. and Boomsma, Dorret I. and Freathy, Rachel M. and McCarthy, Mark I. and Felix, Janine F.}, title = {The Early Growth Genetics (EGG) and EArly Genetics and Lifecourse Epidemiology (EAGLE) consortia}, series = {European journal of epidemiology}, volume = {34}, journal = {European journal of epidemiology}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht}, organization = {EArly Genetics Lifecourse EGG Consortium EGG Membership EAGLE Membership}, issn = {0393-2990}, doi = {10.1007/s10654-019-00502-9}, pages = {279 -- 300}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The impact of many unfavorable childhood traits or diseases, such as low birth weight and mental disorders, is not limited to childhood and adolescence, as they are also associated with poor outcomes in adulthood, such as cardiovascular disease. Insight into the genetic etiology of childhood and adolescent traits and disorders may therefore provide new perspectives, not only on how to improve wellbeing during childhood, but also how to prevent later adverse outcomes. To achieve the sample sizes required for genetic research, the Early Growth Genetics (EGG) and EArly Genetics and Lifecourse Epidemiology (EAGLE) consortia were established. The majority of the participating cohorts are longitudinal population-based samples, but other cohorts with data on early childhood phenotypes are also involved. Cohorts often have a broad focus and collect(ed) data on various somatic and psychiatric traits as well as environmental factors. Genetic variants have been successfully identified for multiple traits, for example, birth weight, atopic dermatitis, childhood BMI, allergic sensitization, and pubertal growth. Furthermore, the results have shown that genetic factors also partly underlie the association with adult traits. As sample sizes are still increasing, it is expected that future analyses will identify additional variants. This, in combination with the development of innovative statistical methods, will provide detailed insight on the mechanisms underlying the transition from childhood to adult disorders. Both consortia welcome new collaborations. Policies and contact details are available from the corresponding authors of this manuscript and/or the consortium websites.}, language = {en} } @misc{LopezTarazonBronstertThiekenetal.2019, author = {Lopez Tarazon, Jos{\´e} Andr{\´e}s and Bronstert, Axel and Thieken, Annegret and Petrow, Theresia}, title = {The effects of global change on floods, fluvial geomorphology and related hazards in mountainous rivers}, series = {The science of the total environment : an international journal for scientific research into the environment and its relationship with man}, volume = {669}, journal = {The science of the total environment : an international journal for scientific research into the environment and its relationship with man}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0048-9697}, doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.026}, pages = {7 -- 10}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{KettnerOberbeckmannLabrenzetal.2019, author = {Kettner, Marie Therese and Oberbeckmann, Sonja and Labrenz, Matthias and Grossart, Hans-Peter}, title = {The Eukaryotic Life on Microplastics in Brackish Ecosystems}, series = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, volume = {10}, journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-302X}, doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2019.00538}, pages = {13}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Microplastics (MP) constitute a widespread contaminant all over the globe. Rivers and wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) transport annually several million tons of MP into freshwaters, estuaries and oceans, where they provide increasing artificial surfaces for microbial colonization. As knowledge on MP-attached communities is insufficient for brackish ecosystems, we conducted exposure experiments in the coastal Baltic Sea, an in-flowing river and a WWTP within the drainage basin. While reporting on prokaryotic and fungal communities from the same set-up previously, we focus here on the entire eukaryotic communities. Using high-throughput 18S rRNA gene sequencing, we analyzed the eukaryotes colonizing on two types of MP, polyethylene and polystyrene, and compared them to the ones in the surrounding water and on a natural surface (wood). More than 500 different taxa across almost all kingdoms of the eukaryotic tree of life were identified on MP, dominated by Alveolata, Metazoa, and Chloroplastida. The eukaryotic community composition on MP was significantly distinct from wood and the surrounding water, with overall lower diversity and the potentially harmful dinoflagellate Pfiesteria being enriched on MP. Co-occurrence networks, which include prokaryotic and eukaryotic taxa, hint at possibilities for dynamic microbial interactions on MP. This first report on total eukaryotic communities on MP in brackish environments highlights the complexity of MP-associated biofilms, potentially leading to altered microbial activities and hence changes in ecosystem functions.}, language = {en} } @article{TanabeLeimkuehlerDahl2019, author = {Tanabe, Tomohisa Sebastian and Leimk{\"u}hler, Silke and Dahl, Christiane}, title = {The functional diversity of the prokaryotic sulfur carrier protein TusA}, series = {Advances in microbial physiology}, volume = {75}, journal = {Advances in microbial physiology}, editor = {Poole, RK}, publisher = {Elsevier Acad. Press}, address = {Amsterdam}, isbn = {978-0-12-817715-0}, issn = {0065-2911}, doi = {10.1016/bs.ampbs.2019.07.004}, pages = {233 -- 277}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Persulfide groups participate in a wide array of biochemical pathways and are chemically very versatile. The TusA protein has been identified as a central element supplying and transferring sulfur as persulfide to a number of important biosynthetic pathways, like molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis or thiomodifications in nucleosides of tRNAs. In recent years, it has furthermore become obvious that this protein is indispensable for the oxidation of sulfur compounds in the cytoplasm. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that different TusA protein variants exists in certain organisms, that have evolved to pursue specific roles in cellular pathways. The specific TusA-like proteins thereby cannot replace each other in their specific roles and are rather specific to one sulfur transfer pathway or shared between two pathways. While certain bacteria like Escherichia coli contain several copies of TusA-like proteins, in other bacteria like Allochromatium vinosum a single copy of TusA is present with an essential role for this organism. Here, we give an overview on the multiple roles of the various TusA-like proteins in sulfur transfer pathways in different organisms to shed light on the remaining mysteries of this versatile protein.}, language = {en} } @article{KornherKalkuhl2019, author = {Kornher, Lukas and Kalkuhl, Matthias}, title = {The gains of coordination - When does regional cooperation for food security make sense?}, series = {Global Food Security - AGRICULTURE POLICY ECONOMICS AND ENVIRONMENT}, volume = {22}, journal = {Global Food Security - AGRICULTURE POLICY ECONOMICS AND ENVIRONMENT}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2211-9124}, doi = {10.1016/j.gfs.2019.09.004}, pages = {37 -- 45}, year = {2019}, abstract = {With the onset of the global food crisis, the discussion about the use and misuse of agricultural market interventions regained academic attention. As a result of economies of scale, centralized policy implementation at the regional level has the potential to reduce the budgetary costs of policies. Borrowing from the literature on international unions and international policy coordination, we develop a conceptual framework to analyze when regional policy implementation makes sense. This is the case whenever spill-overs from centralization are large and policy preferences, driven by country-specific characteristics, are homogeneous. Subsequently, we examine the advantageousness of centralized policy implementation for the West African region regarding the most common food security policies. We show that centralization of trade policies and emergency food reserves is beneficial, while buffer stocks, safety net policies, and producer support policies should be implemented at the national level.}, language = {en} }