@article{ZuWarbyStolterfohtetal.2021,
  author    = {Zu, Fengshuo and Warby, Jonathan and Stolterfoht, Martin and Li, Jinzhao and Shin, Dongguen and Unger, Eva and Koch, Norbert},
  title     = {Photoinduced energy-level realignment at interfaces between organic semiconductors and metal-halide perovskites},
  series = {Physical review letters},
  volume    = {127},
  journal   = {Physical review letters},
  number    = {24},
  publisher = {American Physical Society},
  address   = {College Park},
  issn      = {0031-9007},
  doi       = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.246401},
  pages     = {6},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In contrast to the common conception that the interfacial energy-level alignment is affixed once the interface is formed, we demonstrate that heterojunctions between organic semiconductors and metal-halide perovskites exhibit huge energy-level realignment during photoexcitation. Importantly, the photoinduced level shifts occur in the organic component, including the first molecular layer in direct contact with the perovskite. This is caused by charge-carrier accumulation within the organic semiconductor under illumination and the weak electronic coupling between the junction components.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZuSchultzWolffetal.2020,
  author    = {Zu, Fengshuo and Schultz, Thorsten and Wolff, Christian Michael and Shin, Dongguen and Frohloff, Lennart and Neher, Dieter and Amsalem, Patrick and Koch, Norbert},
  title     = {Position-locking of volatile reaction products by atmosphere and capping layers slows down photodecomposition of methylammonium lead triiodide perovskite},
  series = {RSC Advances},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {RSC Advances},
  number    = {30},
  publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {2046-2069},
  doi       = {10.1039/d0ra03572f},
  pages     = {17534 -- 17542},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The remarkable progress of metal halide perovskites in photovoltaics has led to the power conversion efficiency approaching 26\%. However, practical applications of perovskite-based solar cells are challenged by the stability issues, of which the most critical one is photo-induced degradation. Bare CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite films are known to decompose rapidly, with methylammonium and iodine as volatile species and residual solid PbI2 and metallic Pb, under vacuum under white light illumination, on the timescale of minutes. We find, in agreement with previous work, that the degradation is non-uniform and proceeds predominantly from the surface, and that illumination under N-2 and ambient air (relative humidity 20\%) does not induce substantial degradation even after several hours. Yet, in all cases the release of iodine from the perovskite surface is directly identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. This goes in hand with a loss of organic cations and the formation of metallic Pb. When CH3NH3PbI3 films are covered with a few nm thick organic capping layer, either charge selective or non-selective, the rapid photodecomposition process under ultrahigh vacuum is reduced by more than one order of magnitude, and becomes similar in timescale to that under N-2 or air. We conclude that the light-induced decomposition reaction of CH3NH3PbI3, leading to volatile methylammonium and iodine, is largely reversible as long as these products are restrained from leaving the surface. This is readily achieved by ambient atmospheric pressure, as well as a thin organic capping layer even under ultrahigh vacuum. In addition to explaining the impact of gas pressure on the stability of this perovskite, our results indicate that covalently "locking" the position of perovskite components at the surface or an interface should enhance the overall photostability.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZouThielRomanoetal.2006,
  author    = {Zou, Yong and Thiel, M. and Romano, Maria Carmen and Kurths, J{\"u}rgen and Bi, Q.},
  title     = {Shrimp structure and associated dynamics in parametrically excited oscillators},
  series = {International journal of bifurcation and chaos : in applied sciences and engineering},
  volume    = {16},
  journal   = {International journal of bifurcation and chaos : in applied sciences and engineering},
  number    = {12},
  publisher = {World Scientific Publ. Co},
  address   = {Singapore},
  issn      = {0218-1274},
  doi       = {10.1142/S0218127406016987},
  pages     = {3567 -- 3579},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {We investigate the bifurcation structures in a two-dimensional parameter space (PS) of a parametrically excited system with two degrees of freedom both analytically and numerically. By means of the Renyi entropy of second order K-2, which is estimated from recurrence plots, we uncover that regions of chaotic behavior are intermingled with many complex periodic windows, such as shrimp structures in the PS. A detailed numerical analysis shows that, the stable solutions lose stability either via period doubling, or via intermittency when the parameters leave these shrimps in different directions, indicating different bifurcation properties of the boundaries. The shrimps of different sizes offer promising ways to control the dynamics of such a complex system.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Zou2007,
  author    = {Zou, Yong},
  title     = {Exploring recurrences in quasiperiodic systems},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16497},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {In this work, some new results to exploit the recurrence properties of quasiperiodic dynamical systems are presented by means of a two dimensional visualization technique, Recurrence Plots(RPs). Quasiperiodicity is the simplest form of dynamics exhibiting nontrivial recurrences, which are common in many nonlinear systems. The concept of recurrence was introduced to study the restricted three body problem and it is very useful for the characterization of nonlinear systems. I have analyzed in detail the recurrence patterns of systems with quasiperiodic dynamics both analytically and numerically. Based on a theoretical analysis, I have proposed a new procedure to distinguish quasiperiodic dynamics from chaos. This algorithm is particular useful in the analysis of short time series. Furthermore, this approach demonstrates to be efficient in recognizing regular and chaotic trajectories of dynamical systems with mixed phase space. Regarding the application to real situations, I have shown the capability and validity of this method by analyzing time series from fluid experiments.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Zillmer2003,
  author    = {Zillmer, R{\"u}diger},
  title     = {Statistical properties and scaling of the Lyapunov exponents in stochastic systems},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-0001147},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Die vorliegende Arbeit umfaßt drei Abhandlungen, welche allgemein mit einer stochastischen Theorie f{\"u}r die Lyapunov-Exponenten befaßt sind. Mit Hilfe dieser Theorie werden universelle Skalengesetze untersucht, die in gekoppelten chaotischen und ungeordneten Systemen auftreten. Zun{\"a}chst werden zwei zeitkontinuierliche stochastische Modelle f{\"u}r schwach gekoppelte chaotische Systeme eingef{\"u}hrt, um die Skalierung der Lyapunov-Exponenten mit der Kopplungsst{\"a}rke ('coupling sensitivity of chaos') zu untersuchen. Mit Hilfe des Fokker-Planck-Formalismus werden Skalengesetze hergeleitet, die von Ergebnissen numerischer Simulationen best{\"a}tigt werden. Anschließend wird gezeigt, daß 'coupling sensitivity' im Fall gekoppelter ungeordneter Ketten auftritt, wobei der Effekt sich durch ein singul{\"a}res Anwachsen der Lokalisierungsl{\"a}nge {\"a}ußert. Numerische Ergebnisse f{\"u}r gekoppelte Anderson-Modelle werden bekr{\"a}ftigt durch analytische Resultate f{\"u}r gekoppelte raumkontinuierliche Schr{\"o}dinger-Gleichungen. Das resultierende Skalengesetz f{\"u}r die Lokalisierungsl{\"a}nge {\"a}hnelt der Skalierung der Lyapunov-Exponenten gekoppelter chaotischer Systeme. Schließlich wird die Statistik der exponentiellen Wachstumsrate des linearen Oszillators mit parametrischem Rauschen studiert. Es wird gezeigt, daß die Verteilung des zeitabh{\"a}ngigen Lyapunov-Exponenten von der Normalverteilung abweicht. Mittels der verallgemeinerten Lyapunov-Exponenten wird der Parameterbereich bestimmt, in welchem die Abweichungen von der Normalverteilung signifikant sind und Multiskalierung wesentlich wird.},
  language  = {en}
}
@unpublished{ZienickeSeehaferFeudel1997,
  author    = {Zienicke, Egbert and Seehafer, Norbert and Feudel, Fred},
  title     = {Bifurcations in two-dimensional Rayleigh-B{\´e}nard convection},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14534},
  year      = {1997},
  abstract  = {Two-dimensional bouyancy-driven convection in a horizontal fluid layer with stress-free boundary conditions at top and bottom and periodic boundary conditions in the horizontal direction is investigated by means of numerical simulation and bifurcation-analysis techniques. As the bouyancy forces increase, the primary stationary and symmetric convection rolls undergo successive Hopf bifurcations, bifurcations to traveling waves, and phase lockings. We pay attention to symmetry breaking and its connection with the generation of large-scale horizontal flows. Calculations of Lyapunov exponents indicate that at a Rayleigh number of 2.3×105 no temporal chaos is reached yet, but the system moves nonchaotically on a 4-torus in phase space.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Zickfeld2003,
  author    = {Zickfeld, Kirsten},
  title     = {Modeling large-scale singular climate events for integrated assessment},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-0001176},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Erkenntnisse aus pal{\"a}oklimatologischen Studien, theoretischen Betrachtungen und Modellsimulationen deuten darauf hin, dass anthropogene Emissionen von Treibhausgasen und Aerosolen zu großskaligen, singul{\"a}ren Klimaereignissen f{\"u}hren k{\"o}nnten. Diese bezeichnen stark nichtlineare, abrupte Klima{\"a}nderungen, mit regionalen bis hin zu globalen Auswirkungen. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Entwicklung von Modellen zweier maßgeblicher Komponenten des Klimasystems, die singul{\"a}res Verhalten aufweisen k{\"o}nnten: die atlantische thermohaline Zirkulation (THC) und der indische Monsun. Diese Modelle sind so konzipiert, dass sie den Anforderungen der "Integrated Assessment"-Modellierung gen{\"u}gen, d.h., sie sind realistisch, recheneffizient, transparent und flexibel. Das THC-Modell ist ein einfaches, interhemisph{\"a}risches Boxmodell, das anhand von Daten kalibriert wird, die mit einem gekoppelten Klimamodell mittlerer Komplexit{\"a}t erzeugt wurden. Das Modell wird durch die globale Mitteltemperatur angetrieben, die mit Hilfe eines linearen Downscaling-Verfahrens in regionale W{\"a}rme- und S{\"u}ßwasserfl{\"u}sse {\"u}bersetzt wird. Die Ergebnisse einer Vielzahl von zeitabh{\"a}ngigen Simulationen zeigen, dass das Modell in der Lage ist, maßgebliche Eigenschaften des Verhaltens komplexer Klimamodelle wiederzugeben, wie die Sensitivit{\"a}t bez{\"u}glich des Ausmaßes, der regionalen Verteilung und der Rate der Klima{\"a}nderung. Der indische Monsun wird anhand eines neuartigen eindimensionalen Boxmodells der tropischen Atmosph{\"a}re beschrieben. Dieses enth{\"a}lt Parmetrisierungen der Oberfl{\"a}chen- und Strahlungsfl{\"u}sse, des hydrologischen Kreislaufs und derHydrologie der Landoberfl{\"a}che. Trotz des hohen Idealisierungsgrades ist das Modell in der Lage, relevante Aspekte der beobachteten Monsundynamik, wie z.B. den Jahresgang des Niederschlags und das Eintritts- sowie R{\"u}ckzugsdatum des Sommermonsuns, zufrieden stellend zu simulieren. Außerdem erfasst das Modell die Sensitivit{\"a}tdes Monsuns bez{\"u}glich {\"A}nderungen der Treibhausgas- und Aerosolkonzentrationen, die aus komplexeren Modellen bekannt sind. Eine vereinfachte Version des Monsunmodells wird f{\"u}r die Untersuchung des qualitativen Systemverhaltens in Abh{\"a}ngigkeit von {\"A}nderungen der Randbedingungen eingesetzt. Das bemerkenswerteste Ergebnis ist das Auftreten einer Sattelknotenbifurkation des Sommermonsuns f{\"u}r kritische Werte der Albedo oder der Sonneneinstrahlung. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus weist das Modell zwei stabile Zust{\"a}nde auf: neben dem niederschlagsreichen Sommermonsun besteht ein Zustand, der sich durch einen schwachen hydrologischen Kreislauf auszeichnet. Das Beachtliche an diesen Ergebnissen ist, dass anthropogene St{\"o}rungen der plantetaren Albedo, wie Schwefelemissionen und/oder Landnutzungs{\"a}nderungen, zu einer Destabilisierung des indischen Monsuns f{\"u}hren k{\"o}nnten. Das THC-Boxmodell findet exemplarische Anwendung in einem "Integrated Assessment" von Klimaschutzstrategien. Basierend auf dem konzeptionellen und methodischen Ger{\"u}st des Leitplankenansatzes werden Emissionskorridore (d.h. zul{\"a}ssige Spannen an CO2-Emissionen) berechnet, die das Risiko eines THC-Zusammenbruchs begrenzen sowie sozio{\"o}konomische Randbedingungen ber{\"u}cksichtigen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen u.a. eine starke Abh{\"a}ngigkeit der Breite der Emissionskorridore von der Klima- und hydrologischen Sensitivit{\"a}t. F{\"u}r kleine Werte einer oder beider Sensitivit{\"a}ten liegt der obere Korridorrand bei weit h{\"o}heren Emissionswerten als jene, die von plausiblen Emissionsszenarien f{\"u}r das 21. Jahrhundert erreicht werden. F{\"u}r große Werte der Sensitivit{\"a}ten hingegen, verlassen schon niedrige Emissionsszenarien den Korridor in den fr{\"u}hen Jahrzehnten des 21. Jahrhunderts. Dies impliziert eine Abkehr von den gegenw{\"a}rtigen Emissionstrends innherhalb der kommenden Jahrzehnte, wenn das Risko eines THC Zusammenbruchs gering gehalten werden soll. Anhand einer Vielzahl von Anwendungen - von Sensitivit{\"a}ts- {\"u}ber Bifurkationsanalysen hin zu integrierter Modellierung - zeigt diese Arbeit den Wert reduzierter Modelle auf. Die Ergebnisse und die daraus zu ziehenden Schlussfolgerungen liefern einen wertvollen Beitrag zu der wissenschaftlichen und politischen Diskussion bez{\"u}glich der Folgen des anthropogenen Klimawandels und der langfristigen Klimaschutzziele.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZhuShpritsSpasojevicetal.2019,
  author    = {Zhu, Hui and Shprits, Yuri Y. and Spasojevic, M. and Drozdov, Alexander Y.},
  title     = {New hiss and chorus waves diffusion coefficient parameterizations from the Van Allen Probes and their effect on long-term relativistic electron radiation-belt VERB simulations},
  series = {Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics},
  volume    = {193},
  journal   = {Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {1364-6826},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.jastp.2019.105090},
  pages     = {13},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {New wave frequency and amplitude models for the nightside and dayside chorus waves are built based on measurements from the Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science (EMFISIS) instrument onboard the Van Allen Probes. The corresponding 3D diffusion coefficients are systematically obtained. Compared with previous commonly-used (typical) parameterizations, the new parameterizations result in differences in diffusion rates that depend on the energy and pitch angle. Furthermore, one-year 3D diffusive simulations are performed using the Versatile Electron Radiation Belt (VERB) code. Both typical and new wave parameterizations simulation results are in a good agreement with observations at 0.9 MeV. However, the new parameterizations for nightside chorus better reproduce the observed electron fluxes. These parameterizations will be incorporated into future modeling efforts.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZhuChenLiuetal.2019,
  author    = {Zhu, Hui and Chen, Lunjin and Liu, Xu and Shprits, Yuri Y.},
  title     = {Modulation of locally generated equatorial noise by ULF wave},
  series = {Journal of geophysical research : Space physics},
  volume    = {124},
  journal   = {Journal of geophysical research : Space physics},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {2169-9380},
  doi       = {10.1029/2018JA026199},
  pages     = {2779 -- 2787},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {In this paper we report a rare and fortunate event of fast magnetosonic (MS, also called equatorial noise) waves modulated by compressional ultralow frequency (ULF) waves measured by Van Allen Probes. The characteristics of MS waves, ULF waves, proton distribution, and their potential correlations are analyzed. The results show that ULF waves can modulate the energetic ring proton distribution and in turn modulate the MS generation. Furthermore, the variation of MS intensities is attributed to not only ULF wave activities but also the variation of background parameters, for example, number density. The results confirm the opinion that MS waves are generated by proton ring distribution and propose a new modulation phenomenon.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Zhou2014,
  author    = {Zhou, Xu},
  title     = {Atmospheric interactions with land surface in the arctic based on regional climate model solutions},
  pages     = {143},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {en}
}