@phdthesis{Boehm2016, author = {B{\"o}hm, Ver{\´o}nica Julia}, title = {La imperfectividad en la prensa espa{\~n}ola y su relaci{\´o}n con las categor{\´i}as sem{\´a}nticas de modalidad y evidencialidad}, series = {Potsdam Linguistic Investigations / Potsdamer Linguistische Untersuchungen / Recherches Linguistiques {\`a} Potsdam ; 19}, journal = {Potsdam Linguistic Investigations / Potsdamer Linguistische Untersuchungen / Recherches Linguistiques {\`a} Potsdam ; 19}, publisher = {Lang}, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, isbn = {978-3-631-66776-7}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {621}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Este libro adopta un enfoque sem{\´a}ntico-funcional en el estudio de la imperfectividad en el espa{\~n}ol. La imperfectividad, como categor{\´i}a sem{\´a}ntico-funcional, encuentra afinidades con otras funciones sem{\´a}nticas, donde el valor de verdad de una situaci{\´o}n se presenta como indeterminado o impreciso como, por ejemplo, en la reproducci{\´o}n de citas y distanciamiento del hablante frente a lo dicho; de manera que la imperfectividad se solapa con la modalidad y evidencialidad. Asimismo, se analizan las funciones secundarias de la imperfectividad relacionadas con la modalidad epist{\´e}mica y evidencialidad indirecta en la prensa espa{\~n}ola. En todos los casos, los textos analizados proceden de corpus reales del espa{\~n}ol (CREA, Corpus del Espa{\~n}ol y GlossaNet).}, language = {es} } @incollection{HennemannMeisnitzer2022, author = {Hennemann, Anja and Meisnitzer, Benjamin}, title = {An introduction to contact-induced and cognitively motivated grammaticalization and lexicalization processes in Romance languages}, series = {Linguistic hybridity: contact-induced and cognitively motivated grammaticalization and lexicalization processes in Romance languages}, booktitle = {Linguistic hybridity: contact-induced and cognitively motivated grammaticalization and lexicalization processes in Romance languages}, publisher = {Heidelberg}, address = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Winter}, isbn = {978-3-8253-4936-3}, pages = {7 -- 13}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @article{Hassler2021, author = {Haßler, Gerda}, title = {Adverbal expression of aspectuality and interaction with perfective and imperfective verbs}, series = {Russian Grammar: System - Usus - Variation/Русская грамматика: Cистема - узус - варьирование}, journal = {Russian Grammar: System - Usus - Variation/Русская грамматика: Cистема - узус - варьирование}, publisher = {Lang}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-631-87748-7}, pages = {219 -- 234}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This paper intends to explore the interaction between aspect and lexical means, in this case temporal adverbials, in the bounding of representations of situations. First, the theoretical basis is outlined, followed by the results of a corpus analysis of coccurrences with adverbs that limit situations. The term situation encompasses all representable processes, states, events, or actions. Finally, some theoretical conclusions are drawn concerning the cognitive category of bounding, using the example of aspectuality. The imperfective verb forms maintain their aspectuality in delimiting connections with adverbs, resulting in a complex, multi-dimensional aspectuality. In nongrammaticalized forms, such as lexical markers, the speaker is free to make a temporal localization or an aspectual perspective. Lexical expressions can make temporal and aspect markings even more precisely and clearly than tenses. They can also limit or extend situations and thus express aspect. Aspectuality thus presents itself as a compositional category, in which external bounding and the internal representation of a course of action or development can interact.}, language = {en} } @article{Wardlitz2021, author = {Wardlitz, Vladislava}, title = {Introduction}, series = {Russian grammar: system - usus - variation = Russkaja grammatika: sistema - uzus - varʹirovanie / Vladislava Warditz}, journal = {Russian grammar: system - usus - variation = Russkaja grammatika: sistema - uzus - varʹirovanie / Vladislava Warditz}, publisher = {Lang}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-631-86458-6}, issn = {2750-297X}, pages = {15 -- 22}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @periodical{OPUS4-57987, title = {Linguistica philologica}, number = {1 (2021) -}, editor = {Haßler, Gerda and Wardlitz, Vladislava}, publisher = {Lang}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2750-2961}, language = {ru} } @book{GranzowEmdenLuber2019, author = {Granzow-Emden, Matthias and Luber, Johannes}, title = {Deutsche Grammatik verstehen und unterrichten}, series = {Bachelor-Wissen}, journal = {Bachelor-Wissen}, edition = {3. {\"u}berarb. u. erw. Aufl.}, publisher = {Narr}, address = {T{\"u}bingen}, isbn = {978-3-8233-8134-1}, doi = {elibrary.narr.digital/book/99.125005/9783823391340}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2019111818314224958564}, pages = {318}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Diese neuartige Einf{\"u}hrung in die deutsche Grammatik verbindet schulgrammatisches Wissen und neuere Grammatikmodelle in anschaulicher und verst{\"a}ndlicher Weise miteinander. Lehramtsstudierende k{\"o}nnen sich damit die Kenntnisse und Kompetenzen aneignen, die sie f{\"u}r ihr Studium und ihren k{\"u}nftigen Beruf brauchen, erfahrene Lehrkr{\"a}fte erhalten wichtige Impulse f{\"u}r neue Wege im Deutschunterricht. Mit den funktional orientierten Erkl{\"a}rungen zum Feldermodell und den zahlreichen systematisch gestalteten Tabellen im Bereich der Verben, Nomen/Nominalgruppen, Pr{\"a}positionen und Pronomen bekommt die Schulgrammatik eine tragf{\"a}hige Grundlage. Die Tabellen eignen sich dar{\"u}ber hinaus f{\"u}r DaF-/DaZ-Kurse sowie f{\"u}r die autodidaktische Aneignung des Deutschen als Fremd- oder Zweitsprache. Die neue Auflage wurde gr{\"u}ndlich {\"u}berarbeitet und erweitert.}, language = {de} } @article{ClahsenJessen2021, author = {Clahsen, Harald and Jessen, Anna}, title = {Morphological generalization in bilingual language production}, series = {Language acquisition : a journal of developmental linguistics}, volume = {28}, journal = {Language acquisition : a journal of developmental linguistics}, number = {4}, publisher = {Psychology Press, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {London}, issn = {1048-9223}, doi = {10.1080/10489223.2021.1910267}, pages = {370 -- 386}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Morphological variability in bilingual language production is widely attested. Producing inflected words has been found to be less reliable and consistent in bilinguals than in first-language (functionally monolingual) L1 speakers, even for bilingual speakers at advanced proficiency levels. The sources for these differences are not well understood. The current study presents a detailed investigation of morphological generalization processes in bilingual speakers' language production. We examined past participle formation of German using an elicited-production experiment containing nonce verbs with varying degrees of similarity to existing verbs testing a large group of bilingual Turkish/German speakers relative to L1 German speakers. We compared similarity-based lexical extensions with generalizations of morphological rules. The results show that rule-based generalizations are used less often and more variably within the bilingual group than within the L1 group. Our results also show a selective effect of age of acquisition on the bilingual speakers' morphological generalizations.}, language = {en} } @article{Felser2019, author = {Felser, Claudia}, title = {Do processing resource limitations shape heritage language grammars?}, series = {Bilingualism : language and cognition}, volume = {23}, journal = {Bilingualism : language and cognition}, number = {1}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {New York}, issn = {1366-7289}, doi = {10.1017/S1366728919000397}, pages = {23 -- 24}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{Pauly2018, author = {Pauly, Dennis Nikolas}, title = {Quo vadis, Rechtschreibrat?}, series = {Muttersprache}, volume = {128}, journal = {Muttersprache}, number = {3}, publisher = {Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Deutsche Sprache (GfdS)}, address = {Wiesbaden}, issn = {0027-514X}, pages = {292 -- 307}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Im nachfolgenden Essay habe ich das Ziel gesetzt, die Entscheidung des Rats f{\"u}r deutsche Recht-schreibung, gewisse Fremdwortvariantenschreibungen aus dem W{\"o}rterverzeichnis zu streichen, vorwiegend anhand des Beispiels fachlich zu beleuchten und sich anhand dessen kritisch mit der Arbeit des Rechtschreibrats auseinanderzusetzen. Die dahinterstehende Didaktik wird selten explizit erw{\"a}hnt, spielt in den Gedankeng{\"a}ngen jedoch stets implizit eine Rolle.}, language = {de} } @article{KocamanSelvi2021, author = {Kocaman, Ceren and Selvi, Ali Fuad}, title = {Gender, sexuality, and language teaching materials}, series = {Babylonia Journal of Language Education}, volume = {1}, journal = {Babylonia Journal of Language Education}, pages = {76 -- 81}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Obwohl schon viel {\"u}ber kommerzielle Materialien gesagt und geschrieben wurde, ist unser Verst{\"a}ndnis sehr begrenzt, wenn es um lokal produzierte (hauseigene, nicht-kommerzielle) Materialien geht, die oft verwendet werden, um bestehende ver{\"o}ffentlichte Materialien zu ersetzen oder zu erg{\"a}nzen. In diesem Beitrag geben wir einen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die Literatur zur Darstellung von Geschlecht und Sexualit{\"a}t in kommerziellen Lehrmitteln und unsere {\"U}berlegungen zu lokal produzierten Unterrichtsmaterialien, die in einem Englisch-Intensivprogramm an einer Universit{\"a}t in der T{\"u}rkei mit Englisch als Unterrichtsmedium (EMI) verwendet werden. Wir unterstreichen die Bedeutung von Materialien f{\"u}r die Handlungsf{\"a}higkeit von Lehrkr{\"a}ften bei der Schaffung eines sicheren und inklusiven Klassenzimmers und bei der Bek{\"a}mpfung von systematischer Unterdr{\"u}ckung, Diskriminierung und Ungerechtigkeit im und ausserhalb des Klassenzimmers.}, language = {en} } @article{GrumLegutke2022, author = {Grum, Urska and Legutke, Michael K.}, title = {Sampling}, series = {Forschungsmethoden in der Fremdsprachendidaktik : Ein Handbuch}, journal = {Forschungsmethoden in der Fremdsprachendidaktik : Ein Handbuch}, edition = {2., vollst{\"a}ndig {\"u}berarbeitete und erweiterte Aufl.}, publisher = {Narr Francke Attempto}, address = {T{\"u}bingen}, isbn = {978-3-8233-8432-8}, pages = {85 -- 96}, year = {2022}, language = {de} } @article{OPUS4-56680, title = {Writing the economic subject in modern western Europe}, series = {Literature, Culture, Economy}, journal = {Literature, Culture, Economy}, number = {9}, editor = {Behrendt, Aileen Jorena and Courtman, Nicholas}, publisher = {Lang}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-631-83999-7}, issn = {2364-1304}, doi = {10.3726/b18541}, pages = {219}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This book explores how capitalism shapes the formation of the economic subject in modern European writing. How are subject positions determined by the subject's relationship to money and work? How fair is a society that predicates social inclusion upon employment? And what happens when full employment is impossible? The volume traces how literary authors and social theorists have answered these questions in different social and historical contexts from the nineteenth century to the present day. The contributions confront the imperatives of productivity, notions of success and failure, the construction of work cultures and environments, the (in)visibility of certain labour groups, and the implications of the body as a productive site.}, language = {en} } @article{GrubicWierzba2021, author = {Grubic, Mira and Wierzba, Marta}, title = {The German additive particle noch}, series = {Glossa : a journal of general linguistics}, volume = {6}, journal = {Glossa : a journal of general linguistics}, number = {1}, publisher = {Ubiquity Press}, address = {London}, issn = {2397-1835}, doi = {10.5334/gjgl.1275}, pages = {29}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The particle noch ('still') can have an additive reading similar to auch ('also'). We argue that both particles indicate that a previously partially answered QUD is re-opened to add a further answer. The particles differ in that the QUD, in the case of auch, can be re-opened with respect to the same topic situation, whereas noch indicates that the QUD is re-opened with respect to a new topic situation. This account predicts a difference in the accommodation behavior of the two particles. We present an experiment whose results are in line with this prediction.}, language = {en} } @article{UygunClahsen2021, author = {Uygun, Serkan and Clahsen, Harald}, title = {Morphological processing in heritage speakers}, series = {Bilingualism : language and cognition}, volume = {24}, journal = {Bilingualism : language and cognition}, number = {3}, publisher = {Cambridge Univ. Press}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1366-7289}, doi = {10.1017/S1366728920000577}, pages = {415 -- 426}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Previous research has shown that heritage speakers struggle with inflectional morphology. 'Limitations of online resources' for processing a non-dominant language has been claimed as one possible reason for these difficulties. To date, however, there is very little experimental evidence on real-time language processing in heritage speakers. Here we report results from a masked priming experiment with 97 bilingual (Turkish/German) heritage speakers and a control group of 40 non-heritage speakers of Turkish examining regular and irregular forms of the Turkish aorist. We found that, for the regular aorist, heritage speakers use the same morphological decomposition mechanism ('affix stripping') as control speakers, whereas for processing irregularly inflected forms they exhibited more variability (i.e., less homogeneous performance) than the control group. Heritage speakers also demonstrated semantic priming effects. At a more general level, these results indicate that heritage speakers draw on multiple sources of information for recognizing morphologically complex words.}, language = {en} } @article{Stede2020, author = {Stede, Manfred}, title = {Automatic argumentation mining and the role of stance and sentiment}, series = {Journal of argumentation in context}, volume = {9}, journal = {Journal of argumentation in context}, number = {1}, publisher = {John Benjamins Publishing Co.}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2211-4742}, doi = {10.1075/jaic.00006.ste}, pages = {19 -- 41}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Argumentation mining is a subfield of Computational Linguistics that aims (primarily) at automatically finding arguments and their structural components in natural language text. We provide a short introduction to this field, intended for an audience with a limited computational background. After explaining the subtasks involved in this problem of deriving the structure of arguments, we describe two other applications that are popular in computational linguistics: sentiment analysis and stance detection. From the linguistic viewpoint, they concern the semantics of evaluation in language. In the final part of the paper, we briefly examine the roles that these two tasks play in argumentation mining, both in current practice, and in possible future systems.}, language = {en} } @misc{JapBorleffsMaassen2017, author = {Jap, Bernard A. J. and Borleffs, Elisabeth and Maassen, Ben A. M.}, title = {Towards identifying dyslexia in Standard Indonesian}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {586}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43625}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-436251}, pages = {1729 -- 1751}, year = {2017}, abstract = {With its transparent orthography, Standard Indonesian is spoken by over 160 million inhabitants and is the primary language of instruction in education and the government in Indonesia. An assessment battery of reading and reading-related skills was developed as a starting point for the diagnosis of dyslexia in beginner learners. Founded on the International Dyslexia Association's definition of dyslexia, the test battery comprises nine empirically motivated reading and reading-related tasks assessing word reading, pseudoword reading, arithmetic, rapid automatized naming, phoneme deletion, forward and backward digit span, verbal fluency, orthographic choice (spelling), and writing. The test was validated by computing the relationships between the outcomes on the reading-skills and reading-related measures by means of correlation and factor analyses. External variables, i.e., school grades and teacher ratings of the reading and learning abilities of individual students, were also utilized to provide evidence of its construct validity. Four variables were found to be significantly related with reading-skill measures: phonological awareness, rapid naming, spelling, and digit span. The current study on reading development in Standard Indonesian confirms findings from other languages with transparent orthographies and suggests a test battery including preliminary norm scores for screening and assessment of elementary school children learning to read Standard Indonesian.}, language = {en} } @misc{BoschVerissimoClahsen2019, author = {Bosch, Sina and Ver{\´i}ssimo, Joao Marques and Clahsen, Harald}, title = {Inflectional morphology in bilingual language processing}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {569}, issn = {1866-8364}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43337}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-433371}, pages = {339 -- 360}, year = {2019}, abstract = {This study addresses the question of how age of acquisition (AoA) affects grammatical processing, specifically with respect to inflectional morphology, in bilinguals. We examined experimental data of more than 100 participants from the Russian/German community in Berlin, all of whom acquired Russian from birth and German at different ages. Using the cross-modal lexical priming technique, we investigated stem allomorphs of German verbs that encode multiple morphosyntactic features. The results revealed a striking AoA modulation of observed priming patterns, indicating efficient access to morphosyntactic features for early AoAs and a gradual decline with increasing AoAs. In addition, we found a discontinuity in the function relating AoA to morphosyntactic feature access, suggesting a sensitive period for the development of morphosyntax.}, language = {en} } @article{SauermannHoehle2018, author = {Sauermann, Antje and H{\"o}hle, Barbara}, title = {Word order in German child language and child-directed speech}, series = {Glossa: A Journal of General Linguistics}, volume = {3}, journal = {Glossa: A Journal of General Linguistics}, number = {1}, publisher = {Ubiquity Press LTD}, address = {London}, issn = {2397-1835}, doi = {10.5334/gjgl.281}, pages = {32}, year = {2018}, abstract = {We report two corpus analyses to examine the impact of animacy, definiteness, givenness and type of referring expression on the ordering of double objects in the spontaneous speech of German-speaking two- to four-year-old children and the child-directed speech of their mothers. The first corpus analysis revealed that definiteness, givenness and type of referring expression influenced word order variation in child language and child-directed speech when the type of referring expression distinguished between pronouns and lexical noun phrases. These results correspond to previous child language studies in English (e.g., de Marneffe et al. 2012). Extending the scope of previous studies, our second corpus analysis examined the role of different pronoun types on word order. It revealed that word order in child language and child-directed speech was predictable from the types of pronouns used. Different types of pronouns were associated with different sentence positions but also showed a strong correlation to givenness and definiteness. Yet, the distinction between pronoun types diminished the effects of givenness so that givenness had an independent impact on word order only in child-directed speech but not in child language. Our results support a multi-factorial approach to word order in German. Moreover, they underline the strong impact of the type of referring expression on word order and suggest that it plays a crucial role in the acquisition of the factors influencing word order variation.}, language = {en} } @article{HoehleBergerSauermann2016, author = {H{\"o}hle, Barbara and Berger, Frauke and Sauermann, Antje}, title = {Information structure in first language acquisition}, series = {The Oxford handbook of information structure}, journal = {The Oxford handbook of information structure}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, isbn = {978-0-19-964267-0}, pages = {562 -- 580}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @misc{Hassler2022, author = {Hassler, Gerda}, title = {Paradigmenwechsel in der russischen Soziolinguistik}, series = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Geschichte der Sprachwissenschaft}, volume = {32}, journal = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Geschichte der Sprachwissenschaft}, number = {1}, publisher = {Nodus}, address = {M{\"u}nster}, issn = {0939-2815}, pages = {137 -- 145}, year = {2022}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Sauermann2016, author = {Sauermann, Antje}, title = {Impact of the type of referring expression on the acquisition of word order variation}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-330-5}, issn = {1869-3822}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-89409}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2016}, abstract = {This dissertation examines the impact of the type of referring expression on the acquisition of word order variation in German-speaking preschoolers. A puzzle in the area of language acquisition concerns the production-comprehension asymmetry for non-canonical sentences like "Den Affen f{\"a}ngt die Kuh." ("The monkey, the cow chases."), that is, preschoolers usually have difficulties in accurately understanding non-canonical sentences approximately until age six (e.g., Dittmar et al., 2008) although they produce non-canonical sentences already around age three (e.g., Poeppel \& Wexler, 1993; Weissenborn, 1990). This dissertation investigated the production and comprehension of non-canonical sentences to address this issue. Three corpus analyses were conducted to investigate the impact of givenness, topic status and the type of referring expression on word order in the spontaneous speech of two- to four-year-olds and the child-directed speech produced by their mothers. The positioning of the direct object in ditransitive sentences was examined; in particular, sentences in which the direct object occurred before or after the indirect object in the sentence-medial positions and sentences in which it occurred in the sentence-initial position. The results reveal similar ordering patterns for children and adults. Word order variation was to a large extent predictable from the type of referring expression, especially with respect to the word order involving the sentence-medial positions. Information structure (e.g., topic status) had an additional impact only on word order variation that involved the sentence-initial position. Two comprehension experiments were conducted to investigate whether the type of referring expression and topic status influences the comprehension of non-canonical transitive sentences in four- and five-year-olds. In the first experiment, the topic status of the one of the sentential arguments was established via a preceding context sentence, and in the second experiment, the type of referring expression for the sentential arguments was additionally manipulated by using either a full lexical noun phrase (NP) or a personal pronoun. The results demonstrate that children's comprehension of non-canonical sentences improved when the topic argument was realized as a personal pronoun and this improvement was independent of the grammatical role of the arguments. However, children's comprehension was not improved when the topic argument was realized as a lexical NP. In sum, the results of both production and comprehension studies support the view that referring expressions may be seen as a sentence-level cue to word order and to the information status of the sentential arguments. The results highlight the important role of the type of referring expression on the acquisition of word order variation and indicate that the production-comprehension asymmetry is reduced when the type of referring expression is considered.}, language = {en} } @misc{SekerinaSauermann2015, author = {Sekerina, Irina A. and Sauermann, Antje}, title = {Visual attention and quantifier-spreading in heritage Russian bilinguals}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {404}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-404870}, pages = {30}, year = {2015}, abstract = {It is well established in language acquisition research that monolingual children and adult second language learners misinterpret sentences with the universal quantifier every and make quantifier-spreading errors that are attributed to a preference for a match in number between two sets of objects. The present Visual World eye-tracking study tested bilingual heritage Russian-English adults and investigated how they interpret of sentences like Every alligator lies in a bathtub in both languages. Participants performed a sentence-picture verification task while their eye movements were recorded. Pictures showed three pairs of alligators in bathtubs and two extra objects: elephants (Control condition), bathtubs (Overexhaustive condition), or alligators (Underexhaustive condition). Monolingual adults performed at ceiling in all conditions. Heritage language (HL) adults made 20\% q-spreading errors, but only in the Overexhaustive condition, and when they made an error they spent more time looking at the two extra bathtubs during the Verb region. We attribute q-spreading in HL speakers to cognitive overload caused by the necessity to integrate conflicting sources of information, i.e. the spoken sentences in their weaker, heritage, language and attention-demanding visual context, that differed with respect to referential salience.}, language = {en} } @article{Kuettner2020, author = {K{\"u}ttner, Uwe-Alexander}, title = {Tying sequences together with the [that's + wh-clause] format}, series = {Research on language and social interaction}, volume = {53}, journal = {Research on language and social interaction}, number = {2}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {New York}, issn = {0835-1813}, doi = {10.1080/08351813.2020.1739422}, pages = {247 -- 270}, year = {2020}, abstract = {This article explores a sequence organizational phenomenon that results from the use of a loosely specifiable turn format (viz., That's + wh-clause) for launching (next) sequences while at the same time connecting back to a prior turn. Using this practice creates a sequential juncture, i.e., a pivot-like nexus between one sequence and a next. In third position, such junctures serve to accomplish seamless sequential transitions from one sequence into a next by presenting the latter as locally occasioned. The practice may, however, also be deployed in second position to launch actions that have not been made relevant or provided for by the preceding action and exhibit response relevance themselves. The sequential junctures then become retro-sequential in character: They transform the projected trajectory of the sequence in progress and create interlocking sequential structures. These findings highlight that sequence is practice, while pointing to understudied interconnections between tying and sequentiality. Data are in English.}, language = {en} } @article{DeVeaughGeiss2021, author = {De Veaugh-Geiss, Joseph P.}, title = {n{\`a}-cleft (non-)exhaustivity}, series = {Glossa : a journal of general linguistics}, volume = {6}, journal = {Glossa : a journal of general linguistics}, number = {1}, publisher = {Open Library of Humanities}, address = {London}, issn = {2397-1835}, doi = {10.16995/glossa.5698}, pages = {41}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This paper presents two experimental studies on the exhaustive inference associated with focus-background na-clefts in Akan (among others, Boadi 1974; Duah 2015; Grubic \& Renans \& Duah 2019; Titov 2019), with a direct comparison to two recent experiments on German es-clefts employing an identical design (De Veaugh-Geiss et al. 2018). Despite the unforeseen response patterns in Akan in the incremental information-retrieval paradigm used, a post-hoc exploratory analysis reveals compelling parallels between the two languages. The results are compatible with a unified approach both (i) cross-linguistically between Akan and German; and (ii) cross-sententially between na-clefts (a na P, 'It is a who did P') and definite pseudoclefts, i.e., definite descriptions with identity statements (Nipa no a P ne a, 'The person who did P is a') (Boadi 1974; Ofori 2011). Participant variability in (non-)exhaustive interpretations is compatible with discourse pragmatic approaches to cleft exhaustivity (Pollard \& Yasavul 2016; De Veaugh-Geiss et al. 2018; Titov 2019).}, language = {en} } @article{Schroeder2020, author = {Schroeder, Christoph}, title = {The advanced acquisition of orthography in heritage Turkish in Germany}, series = {Written language \& literacy}, volume = {23}, journal = {Written language \& literacy}, number = {2}, publisher = {John Benjamins Publishing Co.}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1387-6732}, doi = {10.1075/wll.00043.sch}, pages = {251 -- 271}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The paper investigates Turkish texts from heritage speakers of Turkish in Germany in a pseudo-longitudinal setting, looking at pupils' texts from the 5th, 7th, 10th and 12th grades. Two types of dynamics are identified in the advanced acquisition(1) of Turkish orthography in the heritage context. One is the dynamic of language contact, where in certain areas of the orthography, we find a re-interpretation of Turkish principles according to the German model. However, this changes as the pupils grow up. The second dynamic is the heritage situation. The heritage situation on one side leads to the establishment of new practices, and it also leads to a higher degree of variability of spelling solutions in those areas, where the orthographic system of Turkish poses challenges to every writer, whether monolingual and growing up in Turkey or heritage speaker.}, language = {en} } @article{Bade2021, author = {Bade, Nadine}, title = {On the scope and nature of Maximise Presupposition}, series = {Language and linguistics compass}, volume = {15}, journal = {Language and linguistics compass}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {1749-818X}, doi = {10.1111/lnc3.12416}, pages = {16}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The paper introduces the principle Maximise Presupposition and its cognates. The main focus of the literature and this article is on the inferences that arise as a result of reasoning with Maximise Presupposition ('anti-presuppositions'). I will review the arguments put forward for distinguishing them from other inference types, most notably presuppositions and conversational implicatures. I will zoom in on three main issues regarding Maximise Presupposition and these inferences critically discussed in the literature: epistemic strength(ening), projection, and the role of alternatives. I will discuss more recent views which argue for either a uniform treatment of anti-presuppositions and implicatures and/or a revision of the original principle in light of new data and developments in pragmatics.}, language = {en} } @article{Tran2021, author = {Tran, Thuan}, title = {Non-canonical word order and temporal reference in Vietnamese}, series = {Linguistics : an interdisciplinary journal of the language sciences}, volume = {59}, journal = {Linguistics : an interdisciplinary journal of the language sciences}, number = {1}, publisher = {De Gruyter Mouton}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {0024-3949}, doi = {10.1515/ling-2020-0256}, pages = {1 -- 34}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The paper revisits Duffield's (2007) (Duffield, Nigel. 2007. Aspects of Vietnamese clausal structure: Separating tense from assertion. Linguistics 45(4). 765-814) analysis of the correlation between the position of a 'when'-phrase and the temporal reference of a bare sentence in Vietnamese. Bare sentences in Vietnamese, based on (Smith, Carlota S. \& Mary S. Erbaugh. 2005. Temporal interpretation in Mandarin Chinese. Linguistics 43(4). 713-756), are argued to obtain their temporal interpretation from their aspectual composition, and the default temporal reference: bounded events are located in the past, unbounded events at present. It is shown that the correlation so observed in when-questions is superficial, and is tied to the syntax and semantics of temporal modification and the requirement that temporal adverbials denoting future time is base generated in sentence-initial position, and past time adverbials in sentence-final position. A 'when'-phrase, being temporally underspecified, obtains its temporal value from its base position. However, the correlation between word order and temporal reference in argument wh-questions and declaratives is factual, depending on whether the predicate-argument configuration allows for a telic interpretation or not. To be specific, it is dependent on whether the application of Generic Modification (Snyder, William. 2012. Parameter theory and motion predicates. In Violeta Demonte \& Louise McNally (eds.), Telicity, change, and state. Acrosscategorial view of event structure, 279-299. Oxford: Oxford University Press) or accomplishment composition is realized. Canonical declaratives, and argument wh-questions, with telicity inducing material, license GM or accomplishment composition, yielding bounded events, hence past; by contrast, their noncanonical counterparts block GM or accomplishment composition, giving rise to unbounded event descriptions, hence non-past.}, language = {en} } @article{MalabarbaOliveiraMendesdeSouza2022, author = {Malabarba, Taiane and Oliveira Mendes, Anna Carolina and de Souza, Joseane}, title = {Multimodal resolution of overlapping talk in video-mediated L2 instruction}, series = {Languages : open access journal}, volume = {7}, journal = {Languages : open access journal}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2226-471X}, doi = {10.3390/languages7020154}, pages = {22}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This paper investigates a pervasive phenomenon in video-mediated interaction (VMI), namely, simultaneous start-ups, which happen when two speakers produce a turn beginning in overlap. Based on the theoretical and methodological tenets of conversation analysis and interactional linguistics, the present study offers a multimodal and sequential account of how simultaneous start-ups are oriented to and solved in the context of English as an additional language (L2) tutoring. The micro- and sequential analysis of ten hours of screen-recorded video-mediated data from tutoring sessions between an experienced tutor and an advanced-level tutee reveals that the typical overlap resolution trajectory results in the tutor withdrawing from the interactional floor. The same analysis uncovered a range of resources, such as lip pressing and the verbal utterance 'go ahead', employed in what we call enhanced explicitness, through which the withdrawal is done. The orchestration of these resources allows the tutor to exploit the specific features of the medium to resolve simultaneous start-ups while also supporting the continuation of student talk. We maintain that this practice is used in the service of securing the learner's interactional space, and consequently in fostering the use of the language being learned. The results of the study help advance current understandings of L2 instructors' specialized work of managing participation and creating learning opportunities. Being one of the first studies to detail the practices involved in overlap resolution in the micro-context of simultaneous talk on Zoom-based L2 instruction, this study also makes a significant contribution to research on video-mediated instruction and video-mediated interaction more generally.}, language = {en} } @article{CiaccioKgoloClahsen2020, author = {Ciaccio, Laura Anna and Kgolo, Naledi and Clahsen, Harald}, title = {Morphological decomposition in Bantu}, series = {Language, cognition and neuroscience}, volume = {35}, journal = {Language, cognition and neuroscience}, number = {10}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {2327-3798}, doi = {10.1080/23273798.2020.1722847}, pages = {1257 -- 1271}, year = {2020}, abstract = {African languages have rarely been the subject of psycholinguistic experimentation. The current study employs a masked visual priming experiment to investigate morphological processing in a Bantu language, Setswana. Our study takes advantage of the rich system of prefixes in Bantu languages, which offers the opportunity of testing morphological priming effects from prefixed inflected words and directly comparing them to priming effects from prefixed derived words on the same targets. We found significant priming effects of similar magnitude for both prefixed inflected and derived word forms, which were clearly dissociable from prime-target relatedness in both meaning and (orthographic) form. These findings provide support for a (possibly universal) mechanism of morphological decomposition applied during early visual word recognition that segments both (prefixed) inflected and derived word forms into their morphological constituents.}, language = {en} } @book{LuediStehlHalleretal.2011, author = {L{\"u}di, Georges and Stehl, Thomas and Haller, Hermann W. and Prifti, Elton and Busse, Lena and Wilke, Maria and Steinicke, Lars and Schlaak, Claudia and Selting, Margret and Kern, Friederike and Couper-Kuhlen, Elizabeth and Schlaak, Claudia and Pfaff, Isolde}, title = {Sprachen in mobilisierten Kulturen : Aspekte der Migrationslinguistik}, editor = {Stehl, Thomas}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-51947}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {294}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Thematische Schwerpunkte des Sammelbandes bilden die Inhalte und die Ziele in der Erforschung und Analyse von Migrationsprozessen und die daraus resultierenden Situationen von Sprachkontakt und Kulturtransfer in Europa und {\"U}bersee. Neben der thematischen Einf{\"u}hrung in die Migrationslinguistik widmet sich der Band den migrationsbedingten Formen des Sprachkontaktes und der Sprachverwendung in Nordamerika sowie verschiedenen Sprachdynamiken in Europa. Auch der sprachliche Integrationsdruck zwischen Asien und Lateinamerika wird in diesem Band thematisiert. Neben Beitr{\"a}gen von bekannten Migrationslinguisten wie Georges L{\"u}di (Universit{\"a}t Basel) und Hermann Haller (City University, New York) finden sich theoretische und deskriptive Ans{\"a}tze zu Sprachkontakt, Sprachwandel und Sprachverfall infolge von Migration aus der Perspektive verschiedener Einzelphilologien. Mit Beitr{\"a}gen von Lena Busse, Elizabeth Couper-Kuhlen, Hermann Haller, Friederike Kern, Georges L{\"u}di, Isolde Pfaff, Elton Prifti, Claudia Schlaak, Margret Selting, Thomas Stehl, Lars Steinicke und Maria Wilke.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Spreyer2011, author = {Spreyer, Kathrin}, title = {Does it have to be trees? : Data-driven dependency parsing with incomplete and noisy training data}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57498}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {We present a novel approach to training data-driven dependency parsers on incomplete annotations. Our parsers are simple modifications of two well-known dependency parsers, the transition-based Malt parser and the graph-based MST parser. While previous work on parsing with incomplete data has typically couched the task in frameworks of unsupervised or semi-supervised machine learning, we essentially treat it as a supervised problem. In particular, we propose what we call agnostic parsers which hide all fragmentation in the training data from their supervised components. We present experimental results with training data that was obtained by means of annotation projection. Annotation projection is a resource-lean technique which allows us to transfer annotations from one language to another within a parallel corpus. However, the output tends to be noisy and incomplete due to cross-lingual non-parallelism and error-prone word alignments. This makes the projected annotations a suitable test bed for our fragment parsers. Our results show that (i) dependency parsers trained on large amounts of projected annotations achieve higher accuracy than the direct projections, and that (ii) our agnostic fragment parsers perform roughly on a par with the original parsers which are trained only on strictly filtered, complete trees. Finally, (iii) when our fragment parsers are trained on artificially fragmented but otherwise gold standard dependencies, the performance loss is moderate even with up to 50\% of all edges removed.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Mueller2010, author = {M{\"u}ller, Anja}, title = {Wie interpretieren Kinder nur? : Experimentelle Untersuchungen zum Erwerb von Informationsstruktur}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57767}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Im Zentrum der Arbeit steht die Frage, wie sechsj{\"a}hrige monolingual deutsche Kinder S{\"a}tze mit der Fokuspartikel nur interpretieren. In 5 Experimenten wurde untersucht, welchen Einfluss die Oberfl{\"a}chenposition der Fokuspartikel auf das Satzverst{\"a}ndnis hat und ob die kontextuelle Einbettung der nur-S{\"a}tze zu einer zielsprachlichen Interpretation f{\"u}hrt. Im Gegensatz zu den Ergebnissen bisheriger Studien (u.a. Crain, et al. 1994; Paterson et al. 2003) zeigen die Daten der Arbeit, dass die getesteten Kinder die pr{\"a}sentierten nur-S{\"a}tze zielsprachlich interpretierten, wenn diese in einen ad{\"a}quaten Kontext eingebettet waren. Es zeigte sich weiterhin, dass die Kinder mehr Fehler bei der Interpretation von S{\"a}tzen mit nur vor dem Subjekt (Nur die Maus hat einen Ball.) als mit nur vor dem Objekt (Die Maus hat nur einen Ball.) machten. Entgegen dem syntaktisch basierten Ansatz von Crain et al. (1994) und dem semantisch-pragmatisch basierten Ansatz von Paterson et al. (2003) werden in der Arbeit informationsstrukturelle Eigenschaften bzw. Unterschiede der nur-S{\"a}tze f{\"u}r die beobachteten Leistungen verantwortlich gemacht. Der in der Arbeit postulierte Topik-Default Ansatz nimmt an, dass die Kinder das Subjekt eines Satzes immer als Topik analysieren. Dies f{\"u}hrt im Fall der S{\"a}tze mit nur vor dem Subjekt zu einer falschen informationsstrukturellen Repr{\"a}sentation des Satzes. Basierend auf den Ergebnissen der Arbeit und dem postulierten Topik-Default Ansatz wird in der Arbeit abschließend ein Erwerbsmodell f{\"u}r das Verstehen von S{\"a}tzen mit der Fokuspartikel nur entworfen und diskutiert.}, language = {de} } @article{Schroeder2013, author = {Schr{\"o}der, Astrid}, title = {Diagnostik und Therapie von syntaktischen St{\"o}rungen bei Aphasie}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, volume = {6}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, editor = {Fritzsche, Tom and Meyer, Corinna B. and Adelt, Anne and Roß, Jennifer}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1866-9433}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68484}, pages = {87 -- 98}, year = {2013}, abstract = {1 Einleitung 2 Modell der Satzverarbeitung 3 St{\"o}rungen des Satzverst{\"a}ndnisses 4 St{\"o}rungen der Satzproduktion 5 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick 6 Dank 7 Literatur}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Fleischhauer2013, author = {Fleischhauer, Elisabeth}, title = {Morphological processing in children : an experimental study of German past participles}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-70581}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2013}, abstract = {An important strand of research has investigated the question of how children acquire a morphological system using offline data from spontaneous or elicited child language. Most of these studies have found dissociations in how children apply regular and irregular inflection (Marcus et al. 1992, Weyerts \& Clahsen 1994, Rothweiler \& Clahsen 1993). These studies have considerably deepened our understanding of how linguistic knowledge is acquired and organised in the human mind. Their methodological procedures, however, do not involve measurements of how children process morphologically complex forms in real time. To date, little is known about how children process inflected word forms. The aim of this study is to investigate children's processing of inflected words in a series of on-line reaction time experiments. We used a cross-modal priming experiment to test for decompositional effects on the central level. We used a speeded production task and a lexical decision task to test for frequency effects on access level in production and recognition. Children's behaviour was compared to adults' behaviour towards three participle types (-t participles, e.g. getanzt 'danced' vs. -n participles with stem change, e.g. gebrochen 'broken' vs.-n participles without stem change, e.g. geschlafen 'slept'). For the central level, results indicate that -t participles but not -n participles have decomposed representations. For the access level, results indicate that -t participles are represented according to their morphemes and additionally as full forms, at least from the age of nine years onwards (Pinker 1999 and Clahsen et al. 2004). Further evidence suggested that -n participles are represented as full-form entries on access level and that -n participles without stem change may encode morphological structure (cf. Clahsen et al. 2003). Out data also suggests that processing strategies for -t participles are differently applied in recognition and production. These results provide evidence that children (within the age range tested) employ the same mechanisms for processing participles as adults. The child lexicon grows as children form additional full-form representations for -t participles on access level and elaborate their full-form lexical representations of -n participles on central level. These results are consistent with processing as explained in dual-system theories.}, language = {en} } @misc{Wiese2011, author = {Wiese, Heike}, title = {So as a focus marker in German}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe}, number = {102}, issn = {1866-8380}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-93592}, pages = {49}, year = {2011}, abstract = {This paper discusses a hitherto undescribed usage of the particle so as a dedicated focus marker in contemporary German. I discuss grammatical and pragmatic characteristics of this focus marker, supporting my account with natural linguistic data and with controlled experimental evidence showing that so has a significant influence on speakers' understanding of what the focus expression in a sentence is. Against this background, I sketch a possible pragmaticalization path from referential usages of so via hedging to a semantically bleached focus marker, which, unlike particles such as auch 'also'/'too' or nur 'only', does not contribute any additional meaning.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Kuettner2016, author = {K{\"u}ttner, Uwe-Alexander}, title = {That-initial turns in English conversation}, pages = {vii, 345}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @article{PuratEulerBreitenstein2016, author = {Purat, Patricia and Euler, Harald A. and Breitenstein, Sarah}, title = {Beeinflusst die Behandlung mit Fluency-Shaping die Komplexit{\"a}t der sprachlichen {\"A}ußerungen bei stotternden Kindern?}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie}, number = {9}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1866-9085}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99055}, pages = {159 -- 170}, year = {2016}, abstract = {1. Theoretischer Hintergrund, 2. Fragestellung, 3. Methode, 4. Ergebnisse, 5. Diskussion, 6. Literatur}, language = {de} } @article{StegenwallnerSchuetzLassottaFerchlandetal.2016, author = {Stegenwallner-Sch{\"u}tz, Maja Henny Katherine and Lassotta, Romy and Ferchland, Lisa and Adani, Flavia}, title = {Numerus erleichtert das Verst{\"a}ndnis nicht-kanonischer S{\"a}tze}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie}, number = {9}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1866-9085}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99075}, pages = {187 -- 194}, year = {2016}, abstract = {1. Einleitung und Fragestellungen, 2. Experimentelle Studien, 3. Diskussion, 4. Literatur}, language = {de} } @article{WotschackKlassertFestman2016, author = {Wotschack, Christiane and Klassert, Annegret and Festman, Julia}, title = {Rapid Automatized Writing (RAW)}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie}, number = {9}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1866-9085}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99081}, pages = {195 -- 206}, year = {2016}, abstract = {1. Die Effizienz der Handschrift, RAN und RAW, 2. Methode, 3. Ergebnisse, 4. Diskussion, 5. Ausblick, 6. Literatur}, language = {de} } @article{SchumacherBurchertAblinger2016, author = {Schumacher, Rebecca and Burchert, Frank and Ablinger, Irene}, title = {Erworbene Dyslexien bei deutschsprachigen Patienten}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie}, number = {9}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1866-9085}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99090}, pages = {207 -- 213}, year = {2016}, abstract = {1. Hintergrund, 2. Kognitives Zwei-Routen-Modell des Lesens und diagnostische Tests, 3. Zusammenfassung und Ausblick, 4. Literatur}, language = {de} } @article{ButtlerFrankStadie2016, author = {Buttler, Rahel and Frank, Luis and Stadie, Nicole}, title = {Studium trifft Praxis}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie}, number = {9}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1866-9085}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99106}, pages = {215 -- 218}, year = {2016}, abstract = {1. Einleitung, 2. Informationen zu Probanden, 3. Informationen zur Behandlung, 4. Informationen zur Evaluation, 5. Fazit, 6. Literatur}, language = {de} } @article{WeilandNetzebandtFrank2016, author = {Weiland, Linda and Netzebandt, Jonka and Frank, Ulrike}, title = {Schluckst{\"o}rungen bei HNO-Tumorpatienten}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie}, number = {9}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1866-9085}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99115}, pages = {219 -- 234}, year = {2016}, abstract = {1. Einleitung, 2. Theoretischer Hintergrund, 3. Fragestellung und Hypothesen, 4. Methoden, 5. Ergebnisse, 6. Diskussion, 7. Literatur}, language = {de} } @article{BykovaFrank2016, author = {Bykova, Ksenia and Frank, Ulrike}, title = {Spielend Lernen}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie}, number = {9}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1866-9085}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99124}, pages = {235 -- 242}, year = {2016}, abstract = {1. Hintergrund, 2. Das Dysphagia Game, 3. Methode, 4. Ergebnisse, 5. Diskussion, 6. Literatur}, language = {de} } @article{LoppnowNetzebandtFranketal.2016, author = {Loppnow, Anna and Netzebandt, Jonka and Frank, Ulrike and Huckabee, Maggie-Lee}, title = {Skill-Training in der Dysphagietherapie}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie}, number = {9}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1866-9085}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99139}, pages = {243 -- 258}, year = {2016}, abstract = {1. Einleitung, 2. sEMG-Biofeedback in der Dysphagietherapie, 3. Fragestellung, 4. Methodisches Vorgehen, 5. Ergebnisse, 6. Diskussion, 7. Literatur}, language = {de} } @article{KruscheNetzebandtFrank2016, author = {Krusche, Lisa and Netzebandt, Jonka and Frank, Ulrike}, title = {SEE-DT: Screening f{\"u}r die Evaluation sEMG-gest{\"u}tzter Dysphagietherapie}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie}, number = {9}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1866-9085}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99142}, pages = {259 -- 269}, year = {2016}, abstract = {1. Einleitung, 2. Theoretischer Hintergrund, 3. Aufbau des Screenings, 4. Methoden, 5. Ergebnisse, 6. Diskussion, 7. Ausblick, 8. Literatur}, language = {de} } @misc{Mueller2011, author = {M{\"u}ller, Hans-Georg}, title = {Johanna Fay, Die Entwicklung der Rechtschreibkompetenz beim Testschreiben. Eine empirische Untersuchung in Klasse 1 bis 4 / [rezensiert von] Hans G. M{\"u}ller}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-93733}, pages = {305 -- 309}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Rezensiertes Werk: Johanna Fay: Die Entwicklung der Rechtschreibkompetenz beim Testschreiben. Eine empirische Untersuchung in Klasse 1 bis 4. - Frankfurt/M.: Peter Lang, 2010. - 206 S. - (Theorie und Vermittlung der Sprache ; 53)}, language = {de} } @misc{Winst2012, author = {Winst, Silke}, title = {Narration im sp{\"a}ten Mittelalter}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe}, issn = {1866-8380}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-93756}, pages = {220 -- 238}, year = {2012}, abstract = {In older research literature, the prose epics emerging from the court of Elisabeth of Lorraine and Nassau-Saarbr{\"u}cken have repeatedly been accused of lacking structure and literariness. By contrast, this article shows that narrative principles of seriality generate the complex structure of the voluminous ›Loher und Maller‹: literary strategies of repetition and variation organize the text on different levels. Recurring narrative structures, thematic constellations and motivations as well as lexical stereotypes are part of this comprehensive principle of seriality. Not triviality and insufficiency, but structural and narrative complexity and lexical accumulation of significance characterize ›Loher und Maller‹.}, language = {de} } @misc{Berner2014, author = {Berner, Elisabeth}, title = {Albrecht Greule, J{\"o}rg Meier u. Arne Ziegler (Hgg.), Kanzleisprachenforschung. Ein internationales Handbuch / [rezensiert von] Elisabeth Berner}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-94122}, pages = {654 -- 660}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Rezensiertes Werk: Albrecht Greule, J{\"o}rg Meier u. Arne Ziegler (Hgg.): Kanzleisprachenforschung. Ein internationales Handbuch. - Berlin u. Boston: de Gruyter 2012 - 680 S. - (XVI)}, language = {de} } @misc{KempertGoetzBlatteretal.2016, author = {Kempert, Sebastian Benjamin and G{\"o}tz, Regina and Blatter, Kristine and Tibken, Catharina and Artelt, Cordula and Schneider, Wolfgang and Stanat, Petra}, title = {Training Early Literacy Related Skills}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-101943}, pages = {16}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Well-developed phonological awareness skills are a core prerequisite for early literacy development. Although effective phonological awareness training programs exist, children at risk often do not reach similar levels of phonological awareness after the intervention as children with normally developed skills. Based on theoretical considerations and first promising results the present study explores effects of an early musical training in combination with a conventional phonological training in children with weak phonological awareness skills. Using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design and measurements across a period of 2 years, we tested the effects of two interventions: a consecutive combination of a musical and a phonological training and a phonological training alone. The design made it possible to disentangle effects of the musical training alone as well the effects of its combination with the phonological training. The outcome measures of these groups were compared with the control group with multivariate analyses, controlling for a number of background variables. The sample included N = 424 German-speaking children aged 4-5 years at the beginning of the study. We found a positive relationship between musical abilities and phonological awareness. Yet, whereas the well-established phonological training produced the expected effects, adding a musical training did not contribute significantly to phonological awareness development. Training effects were partly dependent on the initial level of phonological awareness. Possible reasons for the lack of training effects in the musical part of the combination condition as well as practical implications for early literacy education are discussed.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Hassler2013, author = {Haßler, Gerda}, title = {Versteckte Modalit{\"a}t in romanischen Sprachen und im Deutschen}, series = {Comparatio delectat II. Akten der VII. Internationalen Arbeitstagung zum romanisch-deutschen und innerromanischen Sprachvergleich Innsbruck, 6.-8. September 2012}, volume = {1}, booktitle = {Comparatio delectat II. Akten der VII. Internationalen Arbeitstagung zum romanisch-deutschen und innerromanischen Sprachvergleich Innsbruck, 6.-8. September 2012}, publisher = {Peter Lang}, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, isbn = {978-3-653-03201-7}, year = {2013}, abstract = {In den romanischen Sprachen stehen Verbalmodi, Modalverben, Modaladverbien und Modalpartikeln zum Ausdruck von Modalit{\"a}t zur Verf{\"u}gung, die schon h{\"a}ufig mit dem Deutschen verglichen wurden. In diesem Beitrag soll es um Entsprechungen versteckter, sogenannter coverter Modalit{\"a}t gehen (vgl. Abraham / Leiss 2012, Haßler 2012). Zun{\"a}chst soll das Verst{\"a}ndnis von Modalit{\"a}t dargelegt werden, um dann ihre coverten Formen einzuordnen. Die gegenseitigen Entsprechungen werden an Beispielen analysiert und schließlich wird ein Vorschlag entwickelt, wie die Mittel der Modalisierung als sprachspezifisch und zu einem Kontinuum geh{\"o}rend beschrieben werden k{\"o}nnen.}, language = {de} } @article{Berner2009, author = {Berner, Elisabeth}, title = {Gestaltung von N{\"a}he und Distanz in programmatischen Schriften der Emanzipationsbewegung der zweiten H{\"a}lfte des 19. Jahrhunderts}, series = {Historische Soziolinguistik des Deutschen IX. Neue Forschungsans{\"a}tze - Fallstudien - Reflexe konzeptueller M{\"u}ndlichkeit in Schriftzeugbissen verschiedener soziofunktionaler Gruppen. Internationale Fachtagung Dresden 08.-09.09.2008.}, journal = {Historische Soziolinguistik des Deutschen IX. Neue Forschungsans{\"a}tze - Fallstudien - Reflexe konzeptueller M{\"u}ndlichkeit in Schriftzeugbissen verschiedener soziofunktionaler Gruppen. Internationale Fachtagung Dresden 08.-09.09.2008.}, publisher = {Heinz}, address = {Stuttgart}, isbn = {978-3-88099-454-6}, pages = {5 -- 24}, year = {2009}, language = {de} } @article{Berner2010, author = {Berner, Elisabeth}, title = {Leserbriefe im politischen Diskurs zu den Landtagswahlen 1989 in Brandenburg}, series = {Text und Diskurslinguistik : Traditionen und Trends}, journal = {Text und Diskurslinguistik : Traditionen und Trends}, publisher = {Izdatel´stvo Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta Ekonomiki u Funansov}, address = {Sankt-Peterburg}, isbn = {978-5-7310-2488-4}, pages = {118 -- 130}, year = {2010}, language = {de} } @article{Berner2010, author = {Berner, Elisabeth}, title = {Die historisch-soziolinguistische Forschung im Spiegel aktueller Sprachgeschichts-Lehrb{\"u}cher}, series = {Historisch-Soziolinguistische Forschungen als Beitr{\"a}ge zur Optimierung der deutschen Sprachgeschichtsschreibung. Internationale Fachtagung P{\´e}cs 02.09.-05.09.2010}, journal = {Historisch-Soziolinguistische Forschungen als Beitr{\"a}ge zur Optimierung der deutschen Sprachgeschichtsschreibung. Internationale Fachtagung P{\´e}cs 02.09.-05.09.2010}, publisher = {Heinz}, address = {Stuttgart}, isbn = {978-3-88099-459-1}, pages = {21 -- 34}, year = {2010}, language = {de} } @article{BernerBoehmErfurt2011, author = {Berner, Elisabeth and B{\"o}hm, Manuela and Erfurt, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Nach dem Turn ist vor dem Turn}, series = {Nach dem linguistic turn : Sprachwissenschaft im Wandel (Osnabr{\"u}cker Beitr{\"a}ge zur Sprachtheorie)}, journal = {Nach dem linguistic turn : Sprachwissenschaft im Wandel (Osnabr{\"u}cker Beitr{\"a}ge zur Sprachtheorie)}, number = {78}, publisher = {Red. Obst}, address = {Duisburg}, isbn = {978-3-942158-02-2}, pages = {9 -- 22}, year = {2011}, abstract = {„Die Beitr{\"a}ge in diesem Band beleuchten aus verschiedenen Perspektiven die (…) Ver{\"a}nderungen der Sprachwissenschaft im Zuge des linguistic turn. Sie gehen zur{\"u}ck auf ein Festkolloquium zu Ehren des 65. Geburtstages von Joachim Gessinger, das am 25. und 26. Juni 2010 in Potsdam stattgefunden hat. Ziel des Kolloquiums war es, Ans{\"a}tze, Theoriebildungen und methodische Zugriffe in der Sprachwissenschaft seit dem linguistic turn in den Blick zu nehmen. Diese Frage nach einer Standortbestimmung der sprachwissenschaftlichen Forschung in Deutschland steht auch im Mittelpunkt der nun publizierten Fassung der Beitr{\"a}ge, die von Vertreterinnen und Vertretern ausgew{\"a}hlter Teildisziplinen stammen, die die inhaltliche, theoretische und methodische Ausrichtung ihres Forschungsfeldes reflektieren." (Manuela B{\"o}hm, Elisabeth Berner \& J{\"u}rgen Erfurt, OBST 78: S. 13) Inhalt: Manuela B{\"o}hm, Elisabeth Berner \& J{\"u}rgen Erfurt: Nach dem Turn ist vor dem Turn. Ein Prolog; Michael Elmentaler: Zur Pragmatisierung der Sprachgeschichte. Eine Standortbestimmung anhand neuerer Sprachgeschichten des Deutschen; Ingrid Schr{\"o}der: Dialekte im Kontakt. Individuelle Ausformungen des Sprachrepertoires; Bernd Pompino-Marschall: Die rezente Entwicklung in der Phonetik: Vom verbrannten Zeigefinger zu Praat; Gisbert Fanselow: Kann die Linguistik das Jahr 2024 erleben? Und die Syntax das Jahr 2014?; Elke Nowak: Nach dem linguistic turn - die neue Wissenschaft von der Sprache und die Sprachen; Utz Maas: Linguistische Schattenspiele: sprachwissenschaftliche Arbeiten zur Schriftkultur; Ulrich Schmitz: Linguistica ancilla mediorum? Sprachwissenschaft und Medien 1960-2010: Von k{\"u}hler Distanz zu teilnehmender Beobachtung \& von Textmaterial zu multimodaler Verblendung; Eduard Haueis: Didaktik und Linguistik: Wie die Modellierung sprachlichen Wissens und K{\"o}nnens mit dem Bestehenbleiben oder dem {\"U}berwinden von Bildungsschranken zusammenh{\"a}ngt; Joachim Gessinger: Vor dem linguistic turn. Ein Epilog}, language = {de} } @article{Berner2014, author = {Berner, Elisabeth}, title = {Von der Schwierigkeit, einer Stadt eine Kunsthalle zu schenken}, series = {Emotionalit{\"a}t im Text}, journal = {Emotionalit{\"a}t im Text}, number = {85}, publisher = {Stauffenburg}, address = {T{\"u}bingen}, isbn = {978-3-95809-506-9}, issn = {1430-4139}, pages = {231 -- 248}, year = {2014}, language = {de} } @incollection{Hassler2014, author = {Haßler, Gerda}, title = {Unit{\`a} e diversit{\`a} delle teorie linguistiche del XVII e del XVIII secolo}, series = {Linguaggio, filosofia, fisiologia nell'et{\`a} moderna : Atti del Convegno Roma 23-25 gennaio 2014 (ILIESI digitale. Ricerche filosofiche e lessicali ; 1)}, booktitle = {Linguaggio, filosofia, fisiologia nell'et{\`a} moderna : Atti del Convegno Roma 23-25 gennaio 2014 (ILIESI digitale. Ricerche filosofiche e lessicali ; 1)}, publisher = {Istituto per il Lessica Intellettuale Europeo e Storia delle Idee}, address = {Rom}, isbn = {978-88-9782-803-7}, issn = {2464-8698}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82010}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {273 -- 296}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Uno sguardo che renda omogenee le teorie della lingua relative al XVII e al XVIII secolo non pu{\`o} cogliere che a grandi linee la realt{\`a} delle concezioni della lingua abbracciate in questo periodo. Il riconoscimento di una teoria cartesiana della lingua come la spiegazione indifferenziata degli sviluppi conseguenti il passaggio da visioni razionalistiche a concezioni orientate ai sensi sono risultato di tale omogeneizzazione, un processo che contempla la realt{\`a} solo in parte. Il pensiero linguistico era contrassegnato da un misto di forme di riflessione di carattere narrativo e di tipo concettuale-razionale che si completavano in modo reciproco. Se l'approccio concettuale tentava di rilevare le propriet{\`a} fondamentali della lingua e ordinarle razionalmente, le forme narrative della riflessione linguistica non si rivolgevano alla lingua in quanto oggetto concettuale. Piuttosto la rappresentavano come oggetto da comprendere. Gli approcci narrativi e concettuali alla lingua prevedono differenze discorsive nelle impostazioni teorico-linguistiche. Anche lo stampo del pensiero teoretico-linguistico contribuisce, attraverso tradizioni differenti, alla molteplicit{\`a} delle vedute teoretico-linguistiche. Per tradizioni intendiamo posizioni dominanti nella riflessione metalinguistica, presenti in contesti regionali, che possono differenziarsi da altre tradizioni. Ad ogni modo, anche il ritardato sviluppo o la ricezione di teorie linguistiche pu{\`o} condurre a differenze caratteristiche. Le teorie linguistiche dell´Illuminismo furono per esempio recepite in Spagna pi{\`u} tardi che in altri Paesi europei. Ci{\`o} condusse all'accettazione sincronica di elementi teorici relativi a teorie diverse e consecutive. Se si concentra l'attenzione al di fuori dell'Europa si verr{\`a} attratti dallo sviluppo degli approcci analoghi alla riflessione linguistica che trovarono sviluppo in Cina all'inizio del XX secolo. Unit{\`a} e diversit{\`a} sono tuttavia rintracciabili non solo sul piano della conoscenza metalinguistica ma anche sul piano dell'oggetto. Una sfida per la descrizione della lingua orientata alla tradizione greco-latina era rappresentata dalle lingue indigene con le quali si stava iniziando ad entrare in contatto attraverso i viaggi di scoperta e in seguito all'inizio del colonialismo. Da affiancare alla comunicazione esogena della trasmissione metalinguistica dei rapporti nell'ambito delle lingue europee sono presenti anche approcci per una percezione della specificit{\`a} categoriale delle lingue americane. Sebbene in alcuni casi non verranno riconosciute le giuste categorizzazioni per le lingue descritte, per lo meno verr{\`a} assodato che le categorie rese note dalla grammatica latina non sussistono. Nella ricerca degli ultimi decenni, la rappresentazione di un paradigma della filosofia della lingua del XVII e del XVIII secolo che postordini e subordini universalmente la molteplicit{\`a} delle lingue a strutture valide di pensiero e che prescriva per la riflessione linguistica categorie fisse di una grammatica generale strettamente orientata alla logica razionalistica {\`e} stata pi{\`u} volte relativizzata. In quanto connessa con la fondatezza dell'unit{\`a} e con l'inalterabilit{\`a} del genere umano a seconda di spazio e tempo, la tesi che le lingue nella loro natura molteplice possano esistere solo alle dipendenze di una struttura universale del pensiero si lasciava catalogare tra quelle posizioni paradigmatiche sussistenti nell'ambito della filosofia della lingua di allora. Attraverso la conoscenza dell'origine storica dell'evoluzione dell'uomo, di tutti i suoi stili di vita e forme di comunicazione, assume rilievo un'altra posizione paradigmatica che attribuisce alla lingua un influsso formativo sul pensiero. Attraverso la differenziazione ideologico-filosofica e la specificit{\`a} nazionale delle sue tesi relative alla lingua in generale e alle lingue storiche in particolare la visione secolarizzata dell'uomo e della societ{\`a} elaborata all'apice dell'Illuminismo si associava allo sviluppo corrispettivo e al cambiamento delle posizioni teorico-linguistiche. Con la proclamazione della lingua e del pensiero come risultati di un lungo sviluppo corrispettivo nella storia dell'umanit{\`a} viene assegnato nuovo valore alle prese di posizione sulla natura e sull'origine della lingua.}, language = {de} } @article{Kuschmann2015, author = {Kuschmann, Anja}, title = {Dysarthrie bei infantiler Cerebralparese}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen prim{\"a}rer St{\"o}rungsbilder}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen prim{\"a}rer St{\"o}rungsbilder}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-79808}, pages = {137 -- 143}, year = {2015}, language = {de} } @article{EbertLowit2015, author = {Ebert, Susanne and Lowit, Anja}, title = {Spontansprache bei englischsprachigen Parkinsonpatienten}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen prim{\"a}rer St{\"o}rungsbilder}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen prim{\"a}rer St{\"o}rungsbilder}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-79815}, pages = {145 -- 150}, year = {2015}, language = {de} } @article{HippeliRausch2015, author = {Hippeli, Carolin and Rausch, Monika}, title = {Subjektive Krankheitstheorien {\"u}ber Kinder mit Late-Talker-Profil}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen prim{\"a}rer St{\"o}rungsbilder}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen prim{\"a}rer St{\"o}rungsbilder}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-79834}, pages = {173 -- 182}, year = {2015}, language = {de} } @article{CzapkaKlassert2015, author = {Czapka, Sophia and Klassert, Annegret}, title = {Fehleranalyse Schreiben (FeSCH)}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen prim{\"a}rer St{\"o}rungsbilder}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen prim{\"a}rer St{\"o}rungsbilder}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-79857}, pages = {201 -- 208}, year = {2015}, language = {de} } @article{Reuters2015, author = {Reuters, Sabine}, title = {Foreign Accent Syndrome}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen prim{\"a}rer St{\"o}rungsbilder}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen prim{\"a}rer St{\"o}rungsbilder}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-79868}, pages = {209 -- 234}, year = {2015}, language = {de} } @article{FrankFrankZimmermann2015, author = {Frank, Ulrike and Frank, Katrin and Zimmermann, Heinrich}, title = {Effekte einer spezifischen Atemtherapie (Bagging) auf die Atem- und Schluckfunktion bei tracheotomierten Patienten}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen prim{\"a}rer St{\"o}rungsbilder}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen prim{\"a}rer St{\"o}rungsbilder}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-79873}, pages = {235 -- 237}, year = {2015}, language = {de} } @article{PeiffersFrank2015, author = {Peiffers, Sabine and Frank, Ulrike}, title = {Der Einfluss von K{\"o}rperparametern auf das Schluckvolumen bei gesunden Erwachsenen}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen prim{\"a}rer St{\"o}rungsbilder}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen prim{\"a}rer St{\"o}rungsbilder}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-79882}, pages = {239 -- 242}, year = {2015}, language = {de} } @article{ThonickeFrank2015, author = {Thonicke, Mady and Frank, Ulrike}, title = {Biofeedback in der Dysphagietherapie}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen prim{\"a}rer St{\"o}rungsbilder}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 8) - Schwerpunktthema: Besonders behandeln? : Sprachtherapie im Rahmen prim{\"a}rer St{\"o}rungsbilder}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-79891}, pages = {243 -- 247}, year = {2015}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Kupetz2015, author = {Kupetz, Maxi}, title = {Empathie im Gespr{\"a}ch}, series = {Stauffenburg Linguistik ; 88}, journal = {Stauffenburg Linguistik ; 88}, publisher = {Stauffenburg}, address = {T{\"u}bingen}, isbn = {978-3-95809-509-0}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {231}, year = {2015}, abstract = {Wie wird Empathie im Gespr{\"a}ch zum Ausdruck gebracht? Dieser Frage geht die vorliegende Untersuchung von Erz{\"a}hlungen pers{\"o}nlicher Erlebnisse in deutschen Alltags- und Radiogespr{\"a}chen nach. Es wird gezeigt, welche verbalen, vokalen und kinesischen Ressourcen Gespr{\"a}chsteilnehmerInnen f{\"u}r kommunikative Verfahren verwenden, die sozial-emotionales Verstehen und/oder Mitgef{\"u}hl nahe legen. Die theoretisch-methodische Grundlage der Arbeit bilden Konversationsanalyse, Interaktionale Linguistik und Multimodalit{\"a}tsforschung. Ph{\"a}nomene des sozialen Miteinanders wie Empathie, Verstehen, Verst{\"a}ndnis und Affektivit{\"a}t werden als interaktional hervorgebrachte Darstellungen analysiert, so wie Gespr{\"a}chsteilnehmerInnen sie f{\"u}reinander konstruieren und interpretieren. Empathie wird also als beobachtbares Ph{\"a}nomen tats{\"a}chlicher Lebenswelt beschrieben. Diese interaktionslinguistische Perspektive leistet nicht nur einen empirischen Beitrag zur konversationsanalytischen Affektivit{\"a}tsforschung. Sie bereichert dar{\"u}ber hinaus die aktuelle disziplin{\"u}bergreifende Empathieforschung.}, language = {de} } @article{Hassler2013, author = {Haßler, Gerda}, title = {La vision linguistique du monde : mythe et r{\´e}alit{\´e} de l'utilisation d'une notion humboldtienne au XXe si{\`e}cle}, series = {Dossiers d'HEL ; SHESL}, journal = {Dossiers d'HEL ; SHESL}, number = {6}, address = {Paris}, issn = {1638-1580}, pages = {7}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Les repr{\´e}sentants du relativisme linguistique du XX{\`e}me si{\`e}cle qui se r{\´e}clament de l'histoire de leur th{\´e}orie mentionnent normalement Guillaume de Humboldt comme initiateur de l'id{\´e}e que la mani{\`e}re particuli{\`e}re de penser d'un peuple d{\´e}pendrait de sa langue. La th{\´e}orie de Humboldt s'av{\`e}re, cependant, difficilement maniable dans la recherche linguistique. Malgr{\´e} une similitude {\´e}vidente dans certaines positions, comme par exemple les concepts d''articulation' et de 'valeur', le renouvellement de la linguistique sur une base saussurienne, au d{\´e}but du XX{\`e}me si{\`e}cle, se passait des id{\´e}es de Humboldt. Il n'y avait que quelques philologues 'id{\´e}alistes' qui poursuivaient ce type de recherche. Ainsi, Karl Vossler constatait un parall{\´e}lisme entre la langue et la culture et les consid{\´e}rait comme r{\´e}sultats de la cr{\´e}ation humaine. Le m{\´e}contentement quant {\`a} la description des langues selon le paradigme positiviste des n{\´e}ogrammairiens s'articulait nettement. Le concept d'une vision linguistique du monde fut d{\´e}velopp{\´e} dans la th{\´e}orie des n{\´e}ohumboldtiens (Weisgerber, Trier et autres) qui affirmaient que l'individu s'approprie le monde {\`a} travers la langue. Des diff{\´e}rences entre des langues influeraient consid{\´e}rablement sur les facult{\´e}s cognitives des hommes et sur leur comportement. L'id{\´e}e humboldtienne de l'energeia se trouvait exclue de ces th{\´e}ories qui aspiraient {\`a} un renouvellement de la langue maternelle dans le sens d'une 'grammaire {\`a} partir du contenu' (inhaltbezogene Grammatik). Ce type de r{\´e}flexion linguistique se pr{\^e}tait aussi {\`a} une utilisation politique sous le national-socialisme. La th{\´e}orie de Weisgerber, d{\´e}clar{\´e}e comme antiraciste et anti-national-socialiste par l'auteur lui-m{\^e}me, fut consid{\´e}r{\´e}e comme « mother-tongue fascism » par Christopher Hutton. La relation entre le relativisme linguistique et la doctrine nationale-socialiste est {\´e}vidente dans les {\´e}crits de plusieurs auteurs, par exemple dans « notre langue maternelle comme arme et instrument de la pens{\´e}e allemande » de Georg Schmidt-Rohr. Il y eut des implications racistes de la th{\´e}orie de quelques indo-germanistes bien avant 1933. L'influence des n{\´e}ohumboldtiens s'est poursuivie jusqu'aux ann{\´e}es 60, {\´e}poque o{\`u} ils durent faire place {\`a} des linguistes structuralistes et g{\´e}n{\´e}rativistes. On trouve dans quelques v{\´e}rifications plus r{\´e}centes du relativisme linguistique des r{\´e}f{\´e}rences {\`a} des textes ant{\´e}rieurs {\`a} Humboldt. Par exemple, Gumperz et Levison (1996) citent le concours de l'Acad{\´e}mie de Berlin sur la question suivante : Quelle est l'influence r{\´e}ciproque des opinions du peuple sur le langage et du langage sur les opinions? Est-ce que cet {\´e}largissement de l'horizon de r{\´e}trospection a quelque chose {\`a} voir avec la conscience d'une port{\´e}e sociale possible de cette th{\´e}orie ?}, language = {fr} } @article{SixtusFischer2015, author = {Sixtus, Elena and Fischer, Martin H.}, title = {Eine kognitionswissenschaftliche Betrachtung der Konzepte "Raum" und "Zahl"}, series = {Raum und Zahl im Fokus der Wissenschaften : eine multidisziplin{\"a}re Vorlesungsreihe}, journal = {Raum und Zahl im Fokus der Wissenschaften : eine multidisziplin{\"a}re Vorlesungsreihe}, publisher = {Trafo}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-86464-082-7}, pages = {35 -- 62}, year = {2015}, language = {de} } @misc{Erdmann2015, author = {Erdmann, Julius}, title = {Semiotics of Pictorial Signs on Social Networking Sites}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe}, number = {118}, issn = {1866-8380}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-96484}, pages = {16}, year = {2015}, abstract = {The paper aims at considering characteristics from one field of contemporary visual studies that has for a long time been neglected in academic research: Pictorial signs on Social Network Sites (SNS) are an outstanding class of semiotic resources that is greatly shaped by processes of technological and collective sign production and distribution. A brief examination of the scholarly research on the pragmatics and semiotics of pictorial signs on SNS shows that the heterogeneity of visual signs is often neglected and that it mostly concentrates on one aspect of these pictorial signs: their technological production or their purpose for individual self-disclosure. The paper therefore considers the semiosis of pictorial signs on SNS in a holistic perspective as one the one hand produced by individual and collective meaning making as well as on the other hand a product of technological framing. It therefore develops a techno-semiotic pragmatic account that takes into consideration both processes. Starting from a prominent class of pictorial signs on SNS during Tunisian Revolution, the Tunisian Flag graphics, the paper than shows that communicative and social interaction functions on the graphic interface of SNS ('like'-function, sharing and commenting option) are not only directly inscribed into the pictorial frame, but also greatly influence the reading of a pictorial sign. The location of images on the SNS' interface has an impact on its meaning and on the social functions of a pictorial sign, as profile pictures are directly linked to the online identity of the user. Through technological sign processing, the polysemy of the image is reduced. We therefore consider the images on the one hand as individual self-narratives and on the other as instances of SNS' visual culture that brings out dominant visual codes but also allows social and political movements to spread.}, language = {de} } @article{Erdmann2015, author = {Erdmann, Julius}, title = {Semiotics of Pictorial Signs on Social Networking Sites}, series = {Punctum : international journal of semiotics}, volume = {1}, journal = {Punctum : international journal of semiotics}, number = {1}, publisher = {Hellenic Semiotic Society}, address = {Thessaloniki}, issn = {2459-2943}, doi = {10.18680/hss.2015.0003}, pages = {26 -- 42}, year = {2015}, abstract = {The paper aims at considering characteristics from one field of contemporary visual studies that has for a long time been neglected in academic research: Pictorial signs on Social Network Sites (SNS) are an outstanding class of semiotic resources that is greatly shaped by processes of technological and collective sign production and distribution. A brief examination of the scholarly research on the pragmatics and semiotics of pictorial signs on SNS shows that the heterogeneity of visual signs is often neglected and that it mostly concentrates on one aspect of these pictorial signs: their technological production or their purpose for individual self-disclosure. The paper therefore considers the semiosis of pictorial signs on SNS in a holistic perspective as one the one hand produced by individual and collective meaning making as well as on the other hand a product of technological framing. It therefore develops a techno-semiotic pragmatic account that takes into consideration both processes. Starting from a prominent class of pictorial signs on SNS during Tunisian Revolution, the Tunisian Flag graphics, the paper than shows that communicative and social interaction functions on the graphic interface of SNS ('like'-function, sharing and commenting option) are not only directly inscribed into the pictorial frame, but also greatly influence the reading of a pictorial sign. The location of images on the SNS' interface has an impact on its meaning and on the social functions of a pictorial sign, as profile pictures are directly linked to the online identity of the user. Through technological sign processing, the polysemy of the image is reduced. We therefore consider the images on the one hand as individual self-narratives and on the other as instances of SNS' visual culture that brings out dominant visual codes but also allows social and political movements to spread.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Friess2016, author = {Frieß, Nina}, title = {Inwiefern ist das heute interessant?}, series = {Arbeiten und Texte zur Slavistik ; 100}, journal = {Arbeiten und Texte zur Slavistik ; 100}, publisher = {BiblionMedia}, address = {Leipzig}, isbn = {978-3-86688-609-4}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {396}, year = {2016}, language = {de} } @article{Berner2016, author = {Berner, Elisabeth}, title = {Ein Blick zur{\"u}ck}, series = {Sport als Thema im Deutschunterricht : Fachliche Grundlagen - Unterrichtsanregungen - Unterrichtsmaterialien}, journal = {Sport als Thema im Deutschunterricht : Fachliche Grundlagen - Unterrichtsanregungen - Unterrichtsmaterialien}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-381-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-100008}, pages = {157 -- 185}, year = {2016}, abstract = {1 Einleitung, 2 Die Entstehung des organisierten Turnens in Deutschland, 3 Vom Turnen zum Sport, 4 Friedrich Ludwig Jahn und die Herausbildung der deutschen Turnersprache, 5 Sportsprache in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus, 6 Didaktische Anregungen, 7 Materialien und Diskussionsanregungen, 8 Literatur}, language = {de} } @book{OPUS4-721, title = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632. - Vol. 1}, editor = {Ishihara, Shinichiro and Schmitz, Michaela and Schwarz, Anne}, issn = {1866-4725}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8237}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Contents: A1: Phonology and syntax of focussing and topicalisation: Gisbert Fanselow: Cyclic Phonology-Syntax-Interaction: Movement to First Position in German Caroline F{\´e}ry and Laura Herbst: German Sentence Accent Revisited Shinichiro Ishihara: Prosody by Phase: Evidence from Focus Intonation-Wh-scope Correspondence in Japanese A2: Quantification and information structure: Cornelia Endriss and Stefan Hinterwimmer: The Influence of Tense in Adverbial Quantification A3: Rhetorical Structure in Spoken Language: Modeling of Global Prosodic Parameters: Ekaterina Jasinskaja, J{\"o}rg Mayer and David Schlangen: Discourse Structure and Information Structure: Interfaces and Prosodic Realization B2: Focussing in African Tchadic languages: Katharina Hartmann and Malte Zimmermann: Focus Strategies in Chadic: The Case of Tangale Revisited D1: Linguistic database for information structure: Annotation and retrieval: Stefanie Dipper, Michael G{\"o}tze, Manfred Stede and Tillmann Wegst: ANNIS: A Linguistic Database for Exploring Information Structure}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-723, title = {Heterogeneity in focus : creating and using linguistic databases}, editor = {Dipper, Stefanie and G{\"o}tze, Michael and Stede, Manfred}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-937786-48-3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8244}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {145}, year = {2005}, abstract = {The papers in this volume were presented at the workshop Heterogeneity in Linguistic Databases', which took place on July 9, 2004 at the University of Potsdam. The workshop was organized by project D1: Linguistic Database for Information Structure: Annotation and Retrieval', a member project of the SFB 632, a collaborative research center entitled Information Structure: the Linguistic Means for Structuring Utterances, Sentences and Texts'. The workshop brought together both developers and users of linguistic databases from a number of research projects which work on an empirical basis, all of which have to cope with different sorts of heterogeneity: primary linguistic data and annotated information may be heterogeneous, as well as the data structures representing them. The first four papers (by Wagner, Schmidt, L{\"u}deling, and Witt) address aspects of heterogeneous data from the point of view of database developers; the remaining three papers (by Meyer, Smith, and Teich/Fankhauser) focus on data exploitation by the users.}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-724, title = {Approaches and findings in oral, written and gestural language}, editor = {Dipper, Stefanie and G{\"o}tze, Michael and Stede, Manfred}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1866-4725}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8255}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {244}, year = {2005}, abstract = {Der vorliegende dritte Band der Serie "Interdisciplinary Studies on Information Structure" enth{\"a}lt sieben Beitr{\"a}ge aus verschiedenen Projekten des Sonderforschungsbereiches "Informationsstruktur: Die sprachlichen Mittel der Gliederung von {\"A}ußerung, Satz und Text" (SFB 632). Der Titel "Approaches and Findings in Oral, Written and Gestural Language" reflektiert die Bandbreite der Untersuchungen zum Thema Informationsstruktur. In ihrem Artikel hinterfragt Elke Kasimir die Zuverl{\"a}ssigkeit des sog. Frage-Antwort-Tests zur Bestimmung des fokussierten Elementes in S{\"a}tzen. Ihr alternativer L{\"o}sungsvorschlag wird in dem Kommentar von Thomas Weskott kritisch diskutiert. Der Artikel von Paul Elbourne befasst sich mit Ph{\"a}nomenen der Ellipse und bietet eine neue semantische Analyse an. Spezielle morphologisch stark markierte Fokuskonstruktionen aus f{\"u}nf verschiedenen afrikanischen Sprachen der Gur- und Kwa-Sprachgruppe werden von Ines Fiedler und Anne Schwarz analysiert und diachronisch interpretiert. Ebenfalls sprachhistorisch ausgerichtet ist der Artikel von Roland Hinterh{\"o}lzl, Svetlana Petrova und Michael Solf, die Belege f{\"u}r die Interaktion von Wortstellung und Informationsstruktur bereits in der althochdeutschen Tatian-{\"U}bersetzung fanden. Anke Sennema, Ruben van de Vijver, Susanne E. Carroll und Anne Zimmer-Stahl diskutieren anhand einer Serie von Experimenten die Nutzung von Prosodie, Wortl{\"a}nge und -Stellung f{\"u}r die semantischen Interpretation in der Erst- und Zweitsprache. Die besondere Rolle von Gestik in Verbindung mit Intonation f{\"u}r die Strukturierung des sprachlichen Diskurses wird von Stefanie Jannedy und Norma Mendoza-Denton hervorgehoben.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Pelzer2007, author = {Pelzer, Lydia}, title = {Die Rolle von Konkordanzmarkierungen f{\"u}r die Segmentierung von Phrasen aus dem Sprachstrom : Untersuchungen bei S{\"a}uglingen und Erwachsenen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16687}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2007}, abstract = {Diese Arbeit besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit der Rolle von Konkordanzmarkierungen innerhalb einer Phrase f{\"u}r die Segmentierung eines fremden Sprachstroms. Das Merkmal der Konkordanz tritt auf, wenn alle Bestandteile einer Phrase gleichermaßen durch eine identische Markierung gekennzeichnet sind (z. B. los muchachos ricosSpanisch = die reichen M{\"a}nner). Da diese wiederkehrenden Markierungen zumeist aus Affixen bestehen, kann Konkordanz als ein Sonderfall der Flexionsmorphologie betrachtet werden. Es wurde untersucht, ob die formale Korrespondenz zwischen den Bestandteilen konkordanter Phrasen als Hinweis auf die Grenzen der linguistisch relevanten Einheit Phrase im Spracherwerb fungieren kann. Zus{\"a}tzlich wird auf das Zusammenspiel einzelner Hinweisreize untereinander eingegangen. Mit Kindern im Alter von zehn Monaten wurden vier Experimente mit dem Headturn Preference Paradigma (Jusczyk \& Aslin, 1995) durchgef{\"u}hrt. Es wurde zun{\"a}chst bei deutschen und englischen Kleinkindern untersucht, ob sie sensibel f{\"u}r gleich bleibende Suffixe innerhalb einer Phrase sind und diese f{\"u}r die Segmentierung nutzen k{\"o}nnen. Außerdem wurde das Zusammenspiel der Hinweise Konkordanz und Prosodie bei der Auffindung von Phrasengrenzen betrachtet. Es zeigte sich, dass deutsche Kinder in besonderer Weise auf konkordante Markierungen reagieren. Neben einer Sensitivit{\"a}t f{\"u}r Konkordanzmarkierungen zeigte das Ergebnis der deutschen Kinder auch, dass sie Flexionssuffixe im Deutschen bereits im Sprachstrom bemerken k{\"o}nnen. Ein solches Ergebnismuster ließ sich bei den Englisch lernenden Kindern nicht beobachten. Verschiedene Erkl{\"a}rungsm{\"o}glichkeiten f{\"u}r diesen Unterschied werden erl{\"a}utert. Insgesamt weisen die Daten aus den Kindersprachexperimenten darauf hin, dass bereits im Alter von zehn Monaten bei Kindern eine Sensibilit{\"a}t f{\"u}r wiederholt in {\"a}hnlicher / gleicher Form auftretende sprachliche Elemente innerhalb der Dom{\"a}ne der Phrase vorhanden ist. Außerdem lassen die Resultate darauf schließen, dass Konkordanzmarkierungen bereits fr{\"u}h zur Segmentierung von kontinuierlicher Sprache verwendet werden. Diese Leistung steht in Zusammenhang mit der Beachtung von statistischen Regularit{\"a}ten im Sprachstrom. Untersuchungen dazu zeigen, dass m. H. statistischer Lernmechanismen wiederkehrende Elemente im Sprachstrom erkannt werden k{\"o}nnen (Bonatti, Pe{\~n}a, Nespor, \& Mehler, 2005; Newport \& Aslin, 2004; Saffran, 2001; Saffran, Aslin \& Newport, 1996). Anscheinend ist das Auftreten identischer Segmente innerhalb einer relativ kleinen Dom{\"a}ne im Sprachstrom f{\"u}r Lerner ein hervorstechendes Merkmal, das dazu beitr{\"a}gt, diese Dom{\"a}ne aus dem Signal hervorzuheben und somit die Segmentierung des Sprachstroms in kleinere Anteile zu unterst{\"u}tzen. Neben den Untersuchungen mit den Kleinkindern wurden zus{\"a}tzlich drei Reaktionszeitexperimente mit deutschen und englischen Erwachsenen zur Rolle von Konkordanzmarkierungen bei der Verarbeitung der Fremdsprachen Spanisch, Suaheli und (f{\"u}r die englischen Probanden) Deutsch durchgef{\"u}hrt. Das erste Experiment befasste sich mit der Stimulussprache Spanisch, in der es bei Konkordanz zum mehrfachen Auftreten von identischen Suffixen mit Vollvokalen kommt. Dabei war zu beobachten, dass deutsche und englische Muttersprachler die zu erinnernden Phrasen besser in einem kontinuierlichen spanischen Sprachstrom wieder erkannten, wenn die kritischen Phrasen konkordant waren, als wenn sie nicht konkordant waren. Das zweite Experiment verwendete die Stimulussprache Suaheli (konkordante vs. nicht konkordante Pr{\"a}fixe). Dabei zeigte sich ein solches Muster ausschließlich bei den englischen Muttersprachlern. Das dritte Experiment untersuchte englische Muttersprachler mit deutschem Stimulusmaterial, wobei Konkordanz durch Suffixe markiert wird, die aus einer Schwa-Silbe bestehen. Hier ergab sich kein Hinweis f{\"u}r eine Nutzung konkordanter Markierungen bei der Erkennung von Phrasen. Als Grund daf{\"u}r wird die reduzierte Vokalqualit{\"a}t angenommen, die Schwa-Silben u.U. schwerer wahrnehmbar macht als Vollvokalsilben (z.B. Widera \& Portele, 1999; Gom{\´e}z Lacabex, Garc{\´i}a Lecumberri, \& Cooke, 2005). Es werden weitere Erkl{\"a}rungshypothesen bzgl. der Ergebnisunterschiede bei deutschen und englischen Muttersprachlern beschrieben, die auch auf den Unterschied zwischen der Verarbeitung von konkordanten Suffixen vs. Pr{\"a}fixen eingehen. Zus{\"a}tzlich erfolgt eine Diskussion der Ergebnisse vor dem Hintergrund von Annahmen {\"u}ber Arten von (nicht-)sprachlichen {\"A}hnlichkeiten und ihren Einfluss auf die Wahrnehmung von {\"a}hnlichen Elementen. Die vorliegenden Daten st{\"u}tzen die Annahme von Morgan (1986), dass der Input f{\"u}r einen Sprachlerner bereits zahlreiche Hinweise {\"u}ber die Struktur der jeweiligen Sprache enth{\"a}lt. Sowohl Kleinkinder als auch erwachsene Sprachlerner scheinen f{\"u}r einen beachtlichen Teil dieser Hinweisreize sensibel zu sein. Die bislang kaum beachteten konkordante Markierungen innerhalb von Phrasen scheinen zumindest einen Teil dieser Hinweisreize auszumachen.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Siegmueller2008, author = {Siegm{\"u}ller, Julia}, title = {Der Gebrauch lexikalischer Erwerbsbeschr{\"a}nkungen bei Kindern mit Williams-Beuren-Syndrom}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18889}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2008}, abstract = {In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine Studie zum mentalen Lexikon bei Kindern mit Williams-Beuren-Syndrom (WBS) pr{\"a}sentiert. Das Lexikon junger WBS-Kinder entwickelt sich verz{\"o}gert (Mervis \& Robinson, 2000). Trotzdem gilt das Lexikon jugendlicher WBS-Probanden im Vergleich zu Probanden mit anderen Syndromen als elaboriert (Wang et al. 1995). Dies k{\"o}nnte auf sich sp{\"a}t entwickelnde Sprachf{\"a}higkeiten hindeuten. Es wird vermutet, dass ab 11 Jahren Ver{\"a}nderungen stattfinden, durch die das typische Profil des WBS erst entsteht (Rossen et al. 1996). Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, sich der Aufholphase zu n{\"a}hern, indem die lexikalischen F{\"a}higkeiten vor dem kritischen Alter untersucht werden. Dazu werden zwei lexical constraints untersucht, die Markman (1989) f{\"u}r den ungest{\"o}rten Lexikonerwerb postuliert. Whole object constraint (WOC): Das Kind nimmt an, dass sich ein unfamili{\"a}res Wort auf ein ganzes Objekt bezieht. Mutual exclusivity constraint (MEC): Das Kind nimmt eine beidseitig exklusive Beziehung zwischen Wortform und Referenten an. Zum WBS gibt es eine einzige Studie zu den constraints (Stevens \& Karmiloff-Smith 1997). Die WBS-Probanden sind zu alt (7;5 bis 31;5), um Aussagen {\"u}ber die Sprachf{\"a}higkeiten in der Zeit des Spurts machen zu k{\"o}nnen. Markman postuliert die constraints als Teil des universalen Wissens von Kindern. Dementsprechend ist die Hypothese, dass die constraints auch bei WBS-Kindern aktiv sind und in experimentellen Situationen zur Anwendung kommen. Zentral f{\"u}r die Hypothese ist die Untersuchung von Vorschulalkindern. Es werden 5 WBS-Kinder (3;2-7;0) und 98 chronologisch gematchte Kontrollkinder im WOC bzw. 97 im MEC untersucht. Es wird jeweils ein Versuch zum WOC (n=9) und zum MEC (n=12) durchgef{\"u}hrt. Beim WOC-Versuch w{\"a}hlen WBS-Kinder und Kontrollkinder am h{\"a}ufigsten das Zielitem. Die WBS-Kinder w{\"a}hlen h{\"a}ufig das Teilablenkerbild. Im Einzelfallvergleich sind 4 der 5 WBS-Kinder im Vergleich zu ihrer Kontrollgruppe auff{\"a}llig. Im MEC-Versuch zeigen die ungest{\"o}rten Kinder signifikant h{\"a}ufiger auf das Bild mit dem phonologischen Ablenker als die WBS-Kinder. In der Einzelfallanalyse liegen 4 von 5 WBS-Kindern bei der Auswahl des Zielitems oberhalb des Mittelwertes ihrer Kontrollgruppe. Insgesamt ergeben sich durch das Verhalten der WBS-Kinder in den Versuchen eher Hinweise auf defizit{\"a}re perzeptuelle Einfl{\"u}sse auf die Anwendung der lexikalischen constraints als auf ihr Fehlen. Als Ursache f{\"u}r das Verhalten der WBS-Kinder wird die Detailpr{\"a}ferenzhypothese postuliert. Majerus et al.s (2003)Hypothese wird um die visuelle Verarbeitung erweitert. Diese findet lokal statt und kann nur bedingt Gattungsbegriffe aufbauen. Den {\"u}berspezifizierten Wortformen stehen Teilrepr{\"a}sentationen gegen{\"u}ber. Die entstehenden semantischen Repr{\"a}sentationen sind an konkreten Erfahrungen orientiert und verbleiben auf einer {\"u}berspezifizierten Form. Mit der Hypothese der generellen Detailpr{\"a}ferenz wird zum ersten Mal eine einheitliche Wurzel f{\"u}r das Verhalten von WBS-Kindern im Vorschulalter in verschiedenen psychologischen Fakult{\"a}ten aufgestellt. Majerus, S., Van der Linden, M., Mulder, L., Meulemans, T., \& Peters, F. (2003). Verbal short-term memory reflects the sublexical organization of the phonological language network: evidence from an incidental phonotactic learning paradigm. Journal of Memory and Language, 51, 297-306. Markman, E. (1989). Categorization and naming in children. Cambridge MA: MIT Press. Mervis, C. B. \& Robinson, B. F. (2000). Expressive vocabulary ability of toddlers with Williams syndrome or Down syndrome: a comparison. Developmental Neuropsychology, 17, 11-126. Rossen, M., Klima, E., Bellugi, U., Bihrle, A., \& Jones, W. (1996). Interaction between language and cognition: evidence from Williams syndrome. In J. H. Beitchman, N. Cohen, M. Konstantareas, \& R. Tannock (Eds.), Language, learning and behavior disorders: developmental, biological, and clinical perspectives. (367-392). New York: Cambridge University Press. Stevens, T. \& Karmiloff-Smith, A. (1997). Word learning in a special population: do individuals with Williams syndrome obey lexical constraints? Journal of Child Language, 24, 737-765. Wang, P. P., Doherty, S., Rourke, S. B., \& Bellugi, U. (1995). Unique profile of visuo-perceptual skills in a genetic syndrome. Brain and Cognition, 29, 54-65.}, language = {de} } @article{KueglerSkopeteasVerhoeven2007, author = {K{\"u}gler, Frank and Skopeteas, Stavros and Verhoeven, Elisabeth}, title = {Encoding information structure in Yucatec Maya}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-19469}, year = {2007}, abstract = {The aim of this paper is to outline the means for encoding information structure in Yucatec Maya. Yucatec Maya is a tone language, displaying a three-fold opposition in the tonal realization of syllables. From the morpho-syntactic point of view, the grammar of Yucatec Maya contains morphological (topic affixes, morphological marking of out-of-focus predicates) and syntactic (designated positions) means to uniquely specify syntactic constructions for their information structure. After a descriptive overview of these phenomena, we present experimental evidence which reveals the impact of the nonavailability of prosodic alternatives on the choice of syntactic constructions in language production.}, language = {en} } @article{HellmuthSkopeteas2007, author = {Hellmuth, Sam and Skopeteas, Stavros}, title = {Information structure in linguistic theory and in speech production : validation of a Cross-Linguistic data set}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-939469-72-8}, issn = {1866-4725}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-19450}, pages = {141 -- 186}, year = {2007}, abstract = {The aim of this paper is to validate a dataset collected by means of production experiments which are part of the Questionnaire on Information Structure. The experiments generate a range of information structure contexts that have been observed in the literature to induce specific constructions. This paper compares the speech production results from a subset of these experiments with specific claims about the reflexes of information structure in four different languages. The results allow us to evaluate and in most cases validate the efficacy of our elicitation paradigms, to identify potentially fruitful avenues of future research, and to highlight issues involved in interpreting speech production data of this kind.}, language = {en} } @misc{Meinhardt2010, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Meinhardt, Miriam}, title = {Der Einfluss der Informationsstruktur auf das Verst{\"a}ndnis von Aktiv- und Passivs{\"a}tzen im ungest{\"o}rten Spracherwerb}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-59563}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Kinder erwerben Passivstrukturen sp{\"a}ter als die meisten anderen syntaktischen Strukturen. Die vorliegende Studie besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit der Frage, ob dies auf informationsstrukturelle Faktoren zur{\"u}ckzuf{\"u}hren sein k{\"o}nnte. Probleme beim Erwerb von Passivs{\"a}tzen wurden in vorhergehenden Studien unter anderem auf ihre geringe Inputfrequenz oder bestimmte syntaktische Charakteristika von Passivs{\"a}tzen zur{\"u}ckgef{\"u}hrt. Jedoch konnte bisher keiner dieser Ans{\"a}tze ihr sp{\"a}tes Erwerbsalter umfassend erkl{\"a}ren. W{\"a}hrend Aktivs{\"a}tze, die kanonische, unmarkierte Satzstruktur im Deutschen, in jeglichem Diskurskontext verwendet werden k{\"o}nnen, werden Passivs{\"a}tze fast ausschließlich dann verwendet, wenn der Patiens der beschriebenen Handlung schon vorerw{\"a}hnt war und/ oder als Topik eines Satzes fungieren soll. Passivs{\"a}tze sind also nicht in jedem Kontext informationsstrukturell ad{\"a}quat. Kinder haben im Gegensatz zu Erwachsenen aufgrund ihrer geringeren syntaktischen F{\"a}higkeiten Probleme, S{\"a}tze zu verarbeiten, die nicht in einem ad{\"a}quaten Kontext stehen. Der Einfluss dieser Kontextbedingungen auf das Satzverst{\"a}ndnis wurde in der vorliegenden Studie bei deutschsprachigen Kindern untersucht. Kindern zwischen 3;0 und 4;11 Jahren wurden Aktiv- oder Passivs{\"a}tze pr{\"a}sentiert, denen informationsstrukturell ad{\"a}quate, inad{\"a}quate oder neutrale Kontexts{\"a}tze vorangingen. Wie erwartet verstanden die Kinder Aktivs{\"a}tze besser als Passivs{\"a}tze und 4-j{\"a}hrige Kinder zeigten bessere Leistungen als 3-j{\"a}hrige. Es gab Tendenzen, dass die 3-j{\"a}hrigen Kinder Passivs{\"a}tze besser, aber Aktivs{\"a}tze schlechter verstanden, wenn ihr Subjekt vorerw{\"a}hnt wurde. Statistisch signifikante Kontexteffekte fanden sich jedoch im Gegensatz zu einer vergleichbaren Studie mit englischsprachigen Kindern (Gourley und Catlin, 1978) in keiner Testbedingung. Außerdem zeigte sich, dass die Kinder Passivs{\"a}tze insgesamt besser und Aktivs{\"a}tze insgesamt schlechter verstanden als englischsprachige Kinder in anderen Studien. Die Ergebnisse werden mit dem Competition Modell (Mac Whinney und Bates, 1987) und einer Sprachverarbeitungstheorie von Stromswold (2002) erkl{\"a}rt. Außerdem wird diskutiert, warum die deutschsprachigen Kinder in der vorliegenden Studie andere Sprachverst{\"a}ndnisleistungen zeigten als englischsprachige Kinder.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Ott2012, author = {Ott, Susan}, title = {Feld - f{\"a}llt - fehlt : Untersuchungen zur Phonologie-Morphosyntax-Schnittstelle bei Kindern und Erwachsenen}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-161-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57798}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {379}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Neben der Frequenz eines cues ist es dessen Zuverl{\"a}ssigkeit, die Kindern hilft, die an sie gerichtete Sprache zu segmentieren, Worteinheiten zu erkennen sowie diese syntaktisch zu kategorisieren. Im Deutschen weist die Subsilbe „Langvokal+Konsonant+/t/" (z.B. in fehlt, wohnt) zuverl{\"a}ssig auf eine -t-flektierte Verbform hin. Die in kindgerichteter Sprache h{\"o}her frequente Subsilbe „Kurzvokal+Konsonant+/t/" (z.B. in Feld, Hemd, f{\"a}llt, rund) gibt hingegen keinen derartig eindeutigen Hinweis. Es wurde der Frage nachgegangen, inwiefern diese unterschiedlichen Zuverl{\"a}ssigkeiten und Frequenzen der Subsilben auf die Nomen-, Verb- und Verbflexionsverarbeitung einwirken. Drei Altersgruppen wurden untersucht: achtzehn Monate alte Kinder, drei- bis f{\"u}nfj{\"a}hrige sprachunauff{\"a}llige und -auff{\"a}llige Kinder sowie erwachsene Sprecher. Einfl{\"u}sse der unterschiedlichen Zuverl{\"a}ssigkeiten und Frequenzen der ausgew{\"a}hlten Subsilben konnten f{\"u}r alle Probandengruppen gefunden werden. Die Subsilbe stellt damit eine linguistische Gr{\"o}ße dar, die in der fr{\"u}hen Sprachwahrnehmung als cue dienen sowie die Sprachverarbeitung Erwachsener lenken kann und auch f{\"u}r die Sprachdiagnostik und -therapie sprachauff{\"a}lliger Kinder ber{\"u}cksichtigt werden sollte.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Garoufi2013, author = {Garoufi, Konstantina}, title = {Interactive generation of effective discourse in situated context : a planning-based approach}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-69108}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2013}, abstract = {As our modern-built structures are becoming increasingly complex, carrying out basic tasks such as identifying points or objects of interest in our surroundings can consume considerable time and cognitive resources. In this thesis, we present a computational approach to converting contextual information about a person's physical environment into natural language, with the aim of helping this person identify given task-related entities in their environment. Using efficient methods from automated planning - the field of artificial intelligence concerned with finding courses of action that can achieve a goal -, we generate discourse that interactively guides a hearer through completing their task. Our approach addresses the challenges of controlling, adapting to, and monitoring the situated context. To this end, we develop a natural language generation system that plans how to manipulate the non-linguistic context of a scene in order to make it more favorable for references to task-related objects. This strategy distributes a hearer's cognitive load of interpreting a reference over multiple utterances rather than one long referring expression. Further, to optimize the system's linguistic choices in a given context, we learn how to distinguish speaker behavior according to its helpfulness to hearers in a certain situation, and we model the behavior of human speakers that has been proven helpful. The resulting system combines symbolic with statistical reasoning, and tackles the problem of making non-trivial referential choices in rich context. Finally, we complement our approach with a mechanism for preventing potential misunderstandings after a reference has been generated. Employing remote eye-tracking technology, we monitor the hearer's gaze and find that it provides a reliable index of online referential understanding, even in dynamically changing scenes. We thus present a system that exploits hearer gaze to generate rapid feedback on a per-utterance basis, further enhancing its effectiveness. Though we evaluate our approach in virtual environments, the efficiency of our planning-based model suggests that this work could be a step towards effective conversational human-computer interaction situated in the real world.}, language = {en} } @misc{Watermeyer2010, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Watermeyer, Melanie}, title = {Ausagieren von S{\"a}tzen versus Satz-Bild-Zuordnung : Vergleich zweier Methoden zur Untersuchung des Sprachverst{\"a}ndnisses anhand von semantisch reversiblen S{\"a}tzen mit Objektvoranstellung bei drei- und f{\"u}nfj{\"a}hrigen Kindern}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-52380}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Sprachverst{\"a}ndnisuntersuchungen sind sowohl f{\"u}r die Forschung zum Spracherwerb und zu dessen St{\"o}rungen als auch f{\"u}r die Diagnostik in der klinischen Praxis von essentieller Bedeutung. Zwei der verbreitetesten Methoden zur Erfassung des Verst{\"a}ndnisses von syntaktischen Strukturen sind das Ausagieren von S{\"a}tzen (AS) und die Satz-Bild-Zuordnung (SBZ). Beide Methoden sind mit unterschiedlichen Anforderungen an die Probanden sowie mit spezifischen Vor- und Nachteilen verbunden (vgl. z.B. Goodluck 1996, Gerken \& Shady 1996), woraus sich die Frage ergibt, inwiefern die Wahl der Methode das Testergebnis und die damit verbundenen Schlussfolgerungen beeinflusst. In der hier beschriebenen empirischen Untersuchung wurden die AS- und die SBZ-Methode anhand des Verstehens semantisch reversibler S{\"a}tze mit Objektvoranstellung direkt miteinander verglichen: Jeweils 24 monolingual mit Deutsch als Muttersprache aufwachsenden, sprachunauff{\"a}lligen Kindern im Alter von 3;0 bis 3;5 bzw. 5;0 bis 5;5 Jahren wurden insgesamt zw{\"o}lf Items, von denen neun aus semantisch reversiblen S{\"a}tzen mit Objektvoranstellung und drei aus entsprechenden subjektinitialen Kontrasts{\"a}tzen bestanden, sowohl mittels der AS-Methode als auch mittels der SBZ-Methode pr{\"a}sentiert. Zum Ausagieren der Tests{\"a}tze (AS-Test) wurden Spielzeugfiguren verwendet, f{\"u}r die Satz-Bild-Zuordnung (SBZ-Test) wurden pro Item ein Ziel- und zwei Ablenkerbilder erstellt. Die kindlichen Reaktionen wurden nach syntaktischen Kriterien als korrekt bzw. inkorrekt bewertet, Abweichungen wurden hinsichtlich der Fehlerart klassifiziert. Zus{\"a}tzlich wurde bei den einzelnen Kindern der Erwerbsstand der untersuchten Struktur beurteilt und es wurden, sofern m{\"o}glich, die eingesetzten Sprachverst{\"a}ndnisstrategien ermittelt. Der Vergleich der Methoden ergab f{\"u}r die einzelnen Altersgruppen sehr unterschiedliche Befunde: Bei den 3;0- bis 3;5-j{\"a}hrigen Kindern zeigten sich im SBZ-Test teilweise starke Rateeffekte, die zu verf{\"a}lschten Ergebnissen und kaum interpretierbaren Reaktionsmustern f{\"u}hrten, w{\"a}hrend dies im AS-Test nicht der Fall war. F{\"u}r diese Altersgruppe ist demnach die AS-Methode als die geeignetere anzusehen. Bei den 5;0- bis 5;5-j{\"a}hrigen Kindern konnte indes keine derartige Diskrepanz zwischen den beiden Tests festgestellt werden. Vielmehr waren die Leistungen hier insgesamt vergleichbar, so dass f{\"u}r diese Altersgruppe die AS- und die SBZ-Methode als f{\"u}r die Untersuchung des Syntaxverst{\"a}ndnisses gleichwertig gelten k{\"o}nnen. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus best{\"a}tigte die Untersuchung viele der in der Literatur beschriebenen Vor- und Nachteile der beiden Methoden, darunter der geringere Materialbeschaffungsaufwand bei der AS-Methode, die gr{\"o}ßere Durchf{\"u}hrungspraktikabilit{\"a}t der SBZ-Methode, die h{\"o}here Attraktivit{\"a}t und das geringere Risiko f{\"u}r Antwort-biases bei der AS-Methode, die leichtere Bewertbarkeit der kindlichen Reaktionen bei der SBZ-Methode. Im Vergleich der Altersgruppen zeigte sich, dass die 5;0- bis 5;5-j{\"a}hrigen Kinder Tests{\"a}tze mit Objektvoranstellung deutlich besser verstanden als die 3;0- bis 3;5-j{\"a}hrigen: Die meisten der j{\"u}ngeren Kinder hatten die untersuchte Struktur offenbar noch nicht erworben - sie interpretierten die S{\"a}tze mit Objektvoranstellung stattdessen am h{\"a}ufigsten nach der Wortreihenfolgestrategie, verstanden sie also wie subjektinitiale Strukturen. Von den 5;0- bis 5;5-j{\"a}hrigen Kindern dagegen hatten 75\% die untersuchte Struktur rezeptiv erworben, interpretierten die Tests{\"a}tze also prim{\"a}r korrekt nach der grammatischen Strategie. Aus diesen Ergebnissen wurde geschlossen, dass die Struktur semantisch reversibler S{\"a}tze mit Objektvoranstellung fr{\"u}hestens ab einem Alter von 5;0 bis 5;5 Jahren als in der ungest{\"o}rten Sprachentwicklung rezeptiv erworben gelten kann. Da sich jedoch in beiden Altersgruppen trotz allem eine erhebliche interindividuelle Variation hinsichtlich der Verst{\"a}ndnisf{\"a}higkeiten zeigte, muss insgesamt von einem relativ langen Zeitfenster f{\"u}r den ungest{\"o}rten Erwerb dieser Struktur ausgegangen werden.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{SennemaSkowronek2009, author = {Sennema-Skowronek, Anke}, title = {The use of focus markers in second language word processing}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-37237}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2009}, abstract = {There are many factors which make speaking and understanding a second language (L2) a highly complex challenge. Skills and competencies in in both linguistic and metalinguistic areas emerge as parts of a multi-faceted, flexible concept underlying bilingual/multilingual communication. On the linguistic level, a combination of an extended knowledge of idiomatic expressions, a broad lexical familiarity, a large vocabulary size, and the ability to deal with phonetic distinctions and fine phonetic detail has been argued necessary for effective nonnative comprehension of spoken language. The scientific interest in these factors has also led to more interest in the L2's information structure, the way in which information is organised and packaged into informational units, both within and between clauses. On a practical level, the information structure of a language can offer the means to assign focus to a certain element considered important. Speakers can draw from a rich pool of linguistic means to express this focus, and listeners can in turn interpret these to guide them to the highlighted information which in turn facilitates comprehension, resulting in an appropriate understanding of what has been said. If a speaker doesn't follow the principles of information structure, and the main accent in a sentence is placed on an unimportant word, then there may be inappropriate information transfer within the discourse, and misunderstandings. The concept of focus as part of the information structure of a language, the linguistic means used to express it, and the differential use of focus in native and nonnative language processing are central to this dissertation. Languages exhibit a wide range of ways of directing focus, including by prosodic means, by syntactic constructions, and by lexical means. The general principles underlying information structure seem to contrast structurally across different languages, and they can also differ in the way they express focus. In the context of L2 acquisition, characteristics of the L1 linguistic system are argued to influence the acquisition of the L2. Similarly, the conceptual patterns of information structure of the L1 may influence the organization of information in the L2. However, strategies and patterns used to exploit information structure for succesful language comprehension in the native L1, may not apply at all, or work in different ways or todifferent degrees in the L2. This means that L2 learners ideally have to understand the way that information structure is expressed in the L2 to fully use the information structural benefit in the L2. The knowledge of information structural requirements in the L2 could also imply that the learner would have to make adjustments regarding the use of information structural devices in the L2. The general question is whether the various means to mark focus in the learners' native language are also accessible in the nonnative language, and whether a L1-L2 transfer of their usage should be considered desirable. The current work explores how information structure helps the listener to discover and structure the forms and meanings of the L2. The central hypothesis is that the ability to access information structure has an impact on the level of the learners' appropriateness and linguistic competence in the L2. Ultimately, the ability to make use of information structure in the L2 is believed to underpin the L2 learners' ability to effectively communicate in the L2. The present study investigated how use of focus markers affects processing speed and word recall recall in a native-nonnative language comparison. The predominant research question was whether the type of focus marking leads to more efficient and accurate word processing in marked structures than in unmarked structures, and whether differences in processing patterns can be observed between the two language conditions. Three perception studies were conducted, each concentrating on one of the following linguistic parameters: 1. Prosodic prominence: Does prosodic focus conveyed by sentence accent and by word position facilitate word recognition? 2. Syntactical means: Do cleft constructions result in faster and more accurate word processing? 3. Lexical means: Does focus conveyed by the particles even/only (German: sogar/nur) facilitate word processing and word recall? Experiments 2 and 3 additionally investigated the contribution of context in the form of preceding questions. Furthermore, they considered accent and its facilitative effect on the processing of words which are in the scope of syntactic or lexical focus marking. All three experiments tested German learners of English in a native German language condition and in English as their L2. Native English speakers were included as a control for the English language condition. Test materials consisted of single sentences, all dealing with bird life. Experiment 1 tested word recognition in three focus conditions (broad focus, narrow focus on the target, and narrow focus on a constituent than the target) in one condition using natural unmanipulated sentences, and in the other two conditions using spliced sentences. Experiment 2 (effect of syntactic focus marking) and Experiment 3 (effect of lexical focus marking) used phoneme monitoring as a measure for the speed of word processing. Additionally, a word recall test (4AFC) was conducted to assess the effective entry of target-bearing words in the listeners' memory. Experiment 1: Focus marking by prosodic means Prosodic focus marking by pitch accent was found to highlight important information (Bolinger, 1972), making the accented word perceptually more prominent (Klatt, 1976; van Santen \& Olive, 1990; Eefting, 1991; Koopmans-van Beinum \& van Bergem, 1989). However, accent structure seems to be processed faster in native than in nonnative listening (Akker\& Cutler, 2003, Expt. 3). Therefore, it is expected that prosodically marked words are better recognised than unmarked words, and that listeners can exploit accent structure better for accurate word recognition in their L1 than they do in the L2 (L1 > L2). Altogether, a difference in word recognition performance in L1 listening is expected between different focus conditions (narrow focus > broad focus). Results of Experiments 1 show that words were better recognized in native listening than in nonnative listening. Focal accent, however, doesn't seem to help the German subjects recognize accented words more accurately, in both the L1 and the L2. This could be due to the focus conditions not being acoustically distinctive enough. Results of experiments with spliced materials suggest that the surrounding prosodic sentence contour made listeners remember a target word and not the local, prosodic realization of the word. Prosody seems to indeed direct listeners' attention to the focus of the sentence (see Cutler, 1976). Regarding the salience of word position, VanPatten (2002; 2004) postulated a sentence location principle for L2 processing, stating a ranking of initial > final > medial word position. Other evidence mentions a processing adantage of items occurring late in the sentence (Akker \& Cutler, 2003), and Rast (2003) observed in an English L2 production study a trend of an advantage of items occurring at the outer ends of the sentence. The current Experiment 1 aimed to keep the length of the sentences to an acceptable length, mainly to keep the task in the nonnative lnaguage condition feasable. Word length showed an effect only in combination with word position (Rast, 2003; Rast \& Dommergues, 2003). Therefore, word length was included in the current experiment as a secondary factor and without hypotheses. Results of Experiment 1 revealed that the length of a word doesn't seem to be important for its accurate recognition. Word position, specifically the final position, clearly seems to facilitate accurate word recognition in German. A similar trend emerges in condition English L2, confirming Klein (1984) and Slobin (1985). Results don't support the sentence location principle of VanPatten (2002; 2004). The salience of the final position is interpreted as recency effect (Murdock, 1962). In addition, the advantage of the final position may benefit from the discourse convention that relevant background information is referred to first, and then what is novel later (Haviland \& Clark, 1974). This structure is assumed to cue the listener as to what the speaker considers to be important information, and listeners might have reacted according to this convention. Experiment 2: Focus marking by syntactic means Atypical syntactic structures often draw listeners' attention to certain information in an utterance, and the cleft structure as a focus marking device appears to be a common surface feature in many languages (Lambrecht, 2001). Surface structure influences sentence processing (Foss \& Lynch, 1969; Langford \& Holmes, 1979), which leads to competing hypotheses in Experiment 2: on the one hand, the focusing effect of the cleft construction might reduce processing times. On the other, cleft constructions in German were found to be used less to mark fo than in English (Ahlemeyer \& Kohlhof, 1999; Doherty, 1999; E. Klein, 1988). The complexity of the constructions, and the experience from the native language might work against an advantage of the focus effect in the L2. Results of Experiment 2 show that the cleft structure is an effective device to mark focus in German L1. The processing advantage is explained by the low degree of structural markedness of cleft structures: listeners use the focus function of sentence types headed by the dummy subject es (English: it) due to reliance on 'safe' subject-prominent SVO-structures. The benefit of cleft is enhanced when the sentences are presented with context, suggesting a substantial benefit when focus effects of syntactic surface structure and coherence relation between sentences are integrated. Clefts facilitate word processing for English native speakers. Contrary to German L1, the marked cleft construction doesn't reduce processing times in English L2. The L1-L2 difference was interpreted as a learner problem of applying specific linguistic structures according to the principles of information structure in the target language. Focus marking by cleft did not help German learners in native or in nonnative word recall. This could be attributed to the phonological similarity of the multiple choice options (Conrad \& Hull, 1964), and to a long time span between listening and recall (Birch \& Garnsey, 1995; McKoon et al., 1993). Experiment 3: Focus marking by lexical means Focus particles are elements of structure that can indicate focus (K{\"o}nig, 1991), and their function is to emphasize a certain part of the sentence (Paterson et al., 1999). I argue that the focus particles even/only (German: sogar/nur) evoke contrast sets of alternatives resp. complements to the element in focus (Ni et al., 1996), which causes interpretations of context. Therefore, lexical focus marking isn't expected to lead to faster word processing. However, since different mechanisms of encoding seem to underlie word memory, a benefit of the focusing function of particles is expected to show in the recall task: due to focus particles being a preferred and well-used feature for native speakers of German, a transfer of this habitualness is expected, resulting in a better recall of focused words. Results indicated that focus particles seem to be the weakest option to mark focus: Focus marking by lexical particle don't seem to reduce word processing times in either German L1, English L2, or in English L1. The presence of focus particles is likely to instantiate a complex discourse model which lets the listener await further modifying information (Liversedge et al., 2002). This semantic complexity might slow down processing. There are no indications that focus particles facilitate native language word recall in German L1 and English L1. This could be because focus particles open sets of conditions and contexts that enlarge the set of representations in listeners rather than narrowing it down to the element in the scope of the focus particle. In word recall, the facilitative effect of focus particles emerges only in the nonnative language condition. It is suggested that L2 learners, when faced with more demanding tasks in an L2, use a broad variety of means that identify focus for a better representation of novel words in the memory. In Experiments 2 and 3, evidence suggests that accent is an important factor for efficient word processing and accurate recall in German L1 and English L1, but less so in English L2. This underlines the function of accent as core speech parameter and consistent cue to the perception of prominence native language use (see Cutler \& Fodor, 1979; Pitt \& Samuel, 1990a; Eriksson et al., 2002; Akker \& Cutler, 2003); the L1-L2 difference is attributed to patterns of expectation that are employed in the L1 but not (yet?) in the L2. There seems to exist a fine-tuned sensitivity to how accents are distributed in the native language, listeners expect an appropriate distribution and interpret it accordingly (Eefting, 1991). This pleads for accent placement as extremely important to L2 proficiency; the current results also suggest that accent and its relationship with other speech parameters has to be newly established in the L2 to fully reveal its benefits for efficient processing of speech. There is evidence that additional context facilitates processing of complex syntactic structures but that a surplus of information has no effect if the sentence construction is less challenging for the listener. The increased amount of information to be processed seems to impede better word recall, particularly in the L2. Altogether, it seems that focus marking devices and context can combine to form an advantageous alliance: a substantial benefit in processing efficiency is found when parameters of focus marking and sentence coherence are integrated. L2 research advocates the beneficial aspects of providing context for efficient L2 word learning (Lawson \& Hogben, 1996). The current thesis promotes the view that a context which offers more semantic, prosodic, or lexical connections might compensate for the additional processing load that context constitutes for the listeners. A methodological consideration concerns the order in which language conditions are presented to listeners, i.e., L1-L2 or L2-L1. Findings suggest that presentation order could enforce a learning bias, with the performance in the second experiment being influenced by knowledge acquired in the first (see Akker \& Cutler, 2003). To conclude this work: The results of the present study suggest that information structure is more accessible in the native language than it is in the nonnative language. There is, however, some evidence that L2 learners have an understanding of the significance of some information-structural parameters of focus marking. This has a beneficial effect on processing efficiency and recall accuracy; on the cognitive side it illustrates the benefits and also the need of a dynamic exchange of information-structural organization between L1 and L2. The findings of the current thesis encourage the view that an understanding of information structure can help the learner to discover and categorise forms and meanings of the L2. Information structure thus emerges as a valuable resource to advance proficiency in a second language.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Schmitz2008, author = {Schmitz, Michaela}, title = {The perception of clauses in 6- and 8-month-old German-learning infants : influence of pause duration and the natural pause hierarchy}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-29078}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2008}, abstract = {The present dissertation focuses on the question whether and under which conditions infants recognise clauses in fluent speech and the role a prosodic marker such as a pause may have in the segmentation process. In the speech signal, syntactic clauses often coincide with intonational phrases (IPhs) (Nespor \& Vogel, 1986, p. 190), the boundaries of which are marked by changes in fundamental frequency (e.g., Price, Ostendorf, Shattuck-Hufnagel \& Fong, 1991), lengthening of the final syllable (e.g., Cooper \& Paccia-Cooper, 1980) and the occurrence of a pause (Nespor \& Vogel, 1986, p. 188). Thus, IPhs seem to be reliably marked in the speech stream and infants may use these cues to recognise them. Furthermore, corpus studies on the occurrence and distribution of pauses have revealed that there is a strong correlation between the duration of a pause and the type of boundary it marks (e.g., Butcher, 1981, for German). Pauses between words are either non-existent or short, pauses between phrases are a bit longer, and pauses between clauses and at sentence boundaries further increase in duration. This suggests the existence of a natural pause hierarchy that complements the prosodic hierarchy described by Nespor and Vogel (1986). These hierarchies on the side of the speech signal correspond to the syntactic hierarchy of a language. In the present study, five experiments using the Headturn preference paradigm (Hirsh-Pasek, Kemler Nelson, Jusczyk, Cassidy, Druss \& Kennedy, 1987) were conducted to investigate German-learning 6- and 8-month-olds' use of pauses to recognise clauses in the signal and their sensitivity to the natural pause hierarchy. Previous studies on English-learning infants' recognition of clauses (Hirsh-Pasek et al., 1987; Nazzi, Kemler Nelson, Jusczyk \& Jusczyk, 2000) have found that infants as young as 6 months recognise clauses in fluent speech. Recently, Seidl and colleagues have begun to investigate the status the pause may have in this process (Seidl, 2007; Johnson \& Seidl, 2008; Seidl \& Cristi{\`a}, 2008). However, none of these studies investigated infants' sensitivity to the natural pause hierarchy and especially the sensitivity to the correlation between pause durations and the respective within-sentence clause boundaries / sentence boundaries. To address these questions highly controlled stimuli were used. In all five experiments the stimuli were sentences consisting of two IPhs which each coincided with a syntactic clause. In the first three experiments pauses were inserted either at clause and sentence boundaries or within the first clause and the sentence boundaries. The duration of the pauses varied between the experiments. The results show that German-learning 6-month-olds recognise clauses in the speech stream, but only in a condition in which the duration of the pauses conforms to the mean duration of pauses found at the respective boundaries in German. Experiments 4 and 5 explicitly addressed the question of infants' sensitivity to the natural pause hierarchy by inserting pauses at the clause and sentence boundaries only. Their durations were either conforming to the natural pause hierarchy or were being reversed. The results of these experiments provide evidence that 8-, but not 6-month-olds seem to be sensitive to the correlation of the duration of pauses and the type of boundary they demarcate. The present study provides first evidence that infants not only use pauses to recognise clause and sentence boundaries, but are sensitive to the duration and distribution of pauses in their native language as reflected in the natural pause hierarchy.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Regel2008, author = {Regel, Stefanie}, title = {The comprehension of figurative language : electrophysiological evidence on the processing of irony}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-33376}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2008}, abstract = {Diese Dissertation untersucht das Verstehen figurativer Sprache, im Besonderen die zeitliche Verarbeitung von verbaler Ironie. In sechs Experimenten wurde mittels ereignis-korrelierter Potentiale (EKP) die Gehirnaktivit{\"a}t beim Verstehen ironischer {\"A}ußerungen im Vergleich zu entsprechenden nicht-ironischen {\"A}ußerungen gemessen und analysiert. Dar{\"u}berhinaus wurde der Einfluss verschiedener sprachbegleitender Hinweisreize, z.B. von Prosodie oder der Verwendung von Satzzeichen, sowie außersprachlicher Hinweisreize, wie bspw. pragmatischen Wissens, auf das Ironieverstehen untersucht. Auf Grundlage dieser Ergebnisse werden verschiedene psycholinguistische Modelle figurativer Sprachverarbeitung, d.h. 'standard pragmatic model', 'graded salience hypothesis', sowie 'direct access view', diskutiert.}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-4027, title = {Das Fremde und der Text : fremdsprachige Kommunikation und ihre Ergebnisse}, editor = {Krause, Wolf-Dieter}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-033-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-40447}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {303}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Dass die Textlinguistik nicht umhin kommt, ihre Beschreibungen und ihr Instrumentarium auch im Hinblick auf Texte zu {\"u}berpr{\"u}fen, die nicht von Muttersprachlern erzeugt worden sind, ist durch die wachsenden Bed{\"u}rfnisse nach fremdsprachiger Kommunikation und die rapide steigende Zahl entsprechender kommunikativer Ereignisse bedingt. Der Fokus der vorliegenden Publikation liegt auf dem fremdsprachigen Text (vorzugsweise in seiner schriftlichen, monologischen Auspr{\"a}gung) als sprachlicher Gr{\"o}ße liegen. Bei der Analyse fremdsprachiger Texte werden neben textlinguistischen Fragen aber auch andere Gesichtspunkte ber{\"u}cksichtigt: soziolinguistische Aspekte, z.B. in Bezug auf die Kommunikationspartner, die kommunikativen Dom{\"a}nen, den sozial-historischen Rahmen der Kommunikation usw., psycholinguistische Hintergr{\"u}nde, z.B. im Hinblick auf die kognitive Verarbeitung fremdsprachlich-kommunikativer Anforderungen, literaturwissenschaftliche Bez{\"u}ge, etwa hinsichtlich fremdsprachiger Einfl{\"u}sse auf literarische Werke und ihre Rolle im literarischen Diskurs, translationswissenschaftliche Gesichtspunkte im Hinblick auf die Adaptation und Bewahrung des Fremden im {\"u}bersetzten Text sowie p{\"a}dagogisch-didaktische Fragen im Rahmen des gesteuerten Fremdsprachenerwerbs.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Lorenz2004, author = {Lorenz, Antje}, title = {Die Behandlung von Wortabrufst{\"o}rungen bei Aphasie : eine methodenvergleichende Studie zum Bildbenennen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-0001747}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2004}, abstract = {In einer multiplen Einzelfallstudie mit zehn aphasischen Patienten wurde die Wirksamkeit eines semantischen und eines phonologischen Therapieansatzes zur Behandlung von Wortabrufst{\"o}rungen verglichen. Detaillierte Einzelfalluntersuchungen erm{\"o}glichten die Diagnose der zugrundeliegenden funktionalen St{\"o}rungen bei jedem Patienten. Auf diese Weise konnten die erzielten Therapieeffekte auf die individuellen kognitiv-neurolinguistischen St{\"o}rungsmuster bezogen werden. Im Vordergrund der Therapie stand in beiden Ans{\"a}tzen das m{\"u}ndliche Benennen von Objektabbildungen mit unterschiedlichen Arten von Hilfen. W{\"a}hrend in der semantischen Therapie Teilaspekte des semantischen Zielkonzepts als Benennhilfen eingesetzt wurden, handelte es sich bei den phonologischen Hilfen um Teilinformationen der Zielwortform. Bei der Erhebung von spezifischen Therapieeffekten wurde zwischen itemspezifischen und item{\"u}bergreifenden Verbesserungen sowie kurz- und langfristigen Effekten auf die m{\"u}ndlichen Benennleistungen unterschieden. Dabei wurden neben den quantitativen Verbesserungen (\% korrekt) auch die qualitativen Effekte (Fehlertypen) der beiden Ans{\"a}tze ber{\"u}cksichtigt, und es wurden Transfereffekte in die Spontansprache der Patienten untersucht. Zus{\"a}tzlich wurden auch die Soforteffekte der verschiedenen Benennhilfen in den Therapiesitzungen erhoben. Im Methodenvergleich zeigte sich, dass die phonologische Therapiephase kurzfristig bei der Mehrzahl der Patienten signifikante Verbesserungen beim Bildbenennen bewirkte, diese Effekte haben sich jedoch {\"u}berwiegend als nicht stabil erwiesen. Im Gegensatz dazu erwies sich die semantische Therapiephase auch als langfristig effektiv. Im Unterschied dazu erwiesen sich die phonologischen Benennhilfen bei fast allen Patienten als unmittelbar effektiver als die semantischen Benennhilfen. Somit waren die Soforteffekte der Hilfetypen in den Therapiesitzungen kein sicherer Indikator f{\"u}r die Dauer der Gesamteffekte einer Therapiephase. Außerdem zeigte sich nicht bei allen Patienten ein direkter Zusammenhang zwischen der Art ihrer zugrundeliegenden funktionalen St{\"o}rung und den erzielten Therapieeffekten. Einerseits profitierten Patienten mit erhaltenen semantischen Verarbeitungsleistungen von der semantischen Therapie, andererseits zeigten sich signifikante phonologische Therapieeffekte bei Patienten mit zentral-semantischen St{\"o}rungen. Die Wirkmechanismen der beiden Therapieans{\"a}tze werden unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung unterschiedlicher kognitiv-neurolinguistischer Theorien zum m{\"u}ndlichen Wortabrufprozess beim Bildbenennen interpretiert.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Kohler2003, author = {Kohler, Kaja}, title = {Erwerb der fr{\"u}hen Verbmorphologie im Estnischen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-0001288}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2003}, abstract = {Die Studie untersucht den Erwerb der fr{\"u}hen Verbmorphologie im Estnischen. Als Datengrundlage der Arbeit dienen Spontansprachaufnahmen von 10 estnischsprachigen Kindern im Alter zwischen 10 und 32 Monaten. Die Studie versucht eine detaillierte Analyse des Erwerbs des estnischsprachigen Verbmorphologie vorzunehmen. Dabei werden die aufeinander folgenden Entwicklungsstadien, ihre ungef{\"a}hren Altersgrenzen, sowie Erwerbsreihenfolge dargestellt und mit typologisch unterschiedlichen Sprachen verglichen.}, language = {de} } @article{Eggensperger2000, author = {Eggensperger, Karl-Heinz}, title = {UNICERT in zehn Punkten}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-79}, pages = {13}, year = {2000}, abstract = {Der Beitrag beschreibt Grundz{\"u}ge des UNIcert-Zertifikationssystems f{\"u}r den studienbegleitenden Fremdsprachenunterricht an deutschen Universit{\"a}ten und Hochschulen.}, language = {de} } @book{Fery2004, author = {F{\´e}ry, Caroline}, title = {Phonologie des Deutschen}, series = {Linguistics in Potsdam}, journal = {Linguistics in Potsdam}, number = {7}, edition = {3., {\"u}berarb. Aufl.}, issn = {1864-1857}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10916}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Inhalt: Kapitel 1: Phonetische Grundlagen: Akustische Phonetik Kapitel 2: Phonetische Grundlagen: Artikulatorische Phonetik Kapitel 3: Segment und Allophonie Kapitel 4: Distinktive Merkmale Kapitel 5: Die Silbe: prosodische Struktur der W{\"o}rter Kapitel 6: Derivationen und OT: die phonologischen Theorien}, language = {de} } @book{PfauSteinbach2006, author = {Pfau, Roland and Steinbach, Markus}, title = {Modality-independent and modality-specific aspects of grammaticalization in sign languages}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-939469-53-7}, issn = {1864-1857}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10886}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {97}, year = {2006}, abstract = {One type of internal diachronic change that has been extensively studied for spoken languages is grammaticalization whereby lexical elements develop into free or bound grammatical elements. Based on a wealth of spoken languages, a large amount of prototypical grammaticalization pathways has been identified. Moreover, it has been shown that desemanticization, decategorialization, and phonetic erosion are typical characteristics of grammaticalization processes. Not surprisingly, grammaticalization is also responsible for diachronic change in sign languages. Drawing data from a fair number of sign languages, we show that grammaticalization in visual-gestural languages - as far as the development from lexical to grammatical element is concerned - follows the same developmental pathways as in spoken languages. That is, the proposed pathways are modalityindependent. Besides these intriguing parallels, however, sign languages have the possibility of developing grammatical markers from manual and non-manual co-speech gestures. We will discuss various instances of grammaticalized gestures and we will also briefly address the issue of the modality-specificity of this phenomenon.}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-1006, title = {Three papers on German verb movement}, editor = {Vogel, Ralf}, isbn = {978-3-937786-07-0}, issn = {1864-1857}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10934}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2004}, abstract = {This volume offers new arguments and perspectives in the ongoing debate about the optimal analysis of verb movement, mainly, but not exclusively, in German. Fanselow and Meinunger deal with verb second (V2) movement in German main clauses. Fanselow argues that head movement of the substitution type follows the standard minimalist conceptions of Merge and Move and is therefore not subject to the same objections as head movement as head adjunction which violates Chomsky's minimalist extension condition, operates countercyclically, and fails to let the moved head c-command its trace. Fanselow argues for V2 movement as head movement of the substitution type. Meinunger discusses a restriction on V2 movement imposed by phrases like "mehr als" ('more than'), as in "Der Wert hat sich weit mehr als verdreifacht" ('the value has far more than tripled') where V2 movement is ruled out (cf. *"Der Wert verdreifachte sich mehr als"). Meinunger claims that this restriction is best analysed in phonological terms: the preposition/complementiser "als" acts as a prefixal clitic to its host, the finite verb, which therefore may not move without it. With respect to the V2 debate, Meinunger argues for an interface perspective. He shows that V2 is restricted from both the conceptual and the phonological interface. Vogel, finally, discusses the syntax of clause-final verbal complexes and their dialectal variation in German. He compares three different syntactic analyses, a minimalist head movement analysis, a minimalist XP movement analysis, and an Optimality theoretic PF movement analysis. The three accounts are evaluated relative to the additional assumptions they have to make, the complications they face and how they fit the observations. Vogel argues in favour of the phonologically oriented OT analysis because of its ability to create a direct link between the coming about of a particular word order pattern and its basically phonological trigger. Each of the three papers recognises the relevance of surface forms in the analysis of German verb movement. They differ, however in the extent to which phonological aspects take part in the explanations they offer.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Schroeder2006, author = {Schr{\"o}der, Astrid}, title = {Semantische Kategorien und Merkmalswissen : eine experimentelle Studie zur semantischen Repr{\"a}sentation konkreter Objektbegriffe}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-12837}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2006}, abstract = {Die Arbeit untersucht die Annahme einer unterschiedlichen Gewichtung von distinktiven enzyklop{\"a}dischen, funktionalen und sensorischen Merkmalen innerhalb der Repr{\"a}sentationen von Objekten der belebten und unbelebten semantischen Dom{\"a}ne. Hierzu wurde ein Reaktionszeitexperiment zur Merkmalsverifikation durchgef{\"u}hrt. Vorab wurden deutsche Normen {\"u}ber das gesch{\"a}tzte Erwerbsalter f{\"u}r 244 Stimuli aus dem Korpus von Snodgrass \& Vanderwart (1980) erhoben. Weiterhin wurde eine Datenbank von Merkmalsnormen f{\"u}r 80 konkrete Objektbegriffe erstellt. Insgesamt wurden zwei Reaktionszeitexperimente durchgef{\"u}hrt, die sich lediglich durch die Darbietungsdauer des Konzeptbegriffes unterschieden. Der Konzeptbegriff wurde entweder 1000 ms (lange Darbietung) oder 250 ms (kurze Darbietung) pr{\"a}sentiert, bevor das zu verifizierende semantische Merkmal erschien. Bei langer Pr{\"a}sentationszeit des Objektbegriffes zeigten sich f{\"u}r Objekte der unbelebten Dom{\"a}ne schnellere Reaktionszeiten beim Verifizieren von distinktiven funktionalen Merkmalen als beim Verifizieren von distinktiven enzyklop{\"a}dischen Merkmalen. Dieser Effekt wurde bei kurzer Darbietungsdauer des Konzeptbegriffes repliziert. Bei kurzer Darbietung konnten f{\"u}r Objekte der unbelebten Dom{\"a}ne zus{\"a}tzlich k{\"u}rzere Reaktionszeiten beim Verifizieren distinktiver funktionaler Merkmale als beim Verifizieren distinktiver sensorischer Merkmale beobachtet werden. F{\"u}r Objekte der belebten Dom{\"a}ne lagen weder nach kurzer noch nach langer Pr{\"a}sentation des Objektbegriffes Unterschiede in den Reaktionszeiten beim Verifizieren der semantischen Merkmale vor. Die Ergebnisse werden vor dem Hintergrund aktueller neurolinguistischer Modelle zur Organisation des semantischen Ged{\"a}chtnisses diskutiert. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass innerhalb der Objektrepr{\"a}sentationen belebter Objekte alle drei Merkmalstypen interkorrelieren. F{\"u}r Objekte der unbelebten Dom{\"a}ne werden starke Interkorrelationen zwischen funktionalen und sensorischen Merkmalen angenommen. Zus{\"a}tzlich wird davon ausgegangen, dass distinktive funktionale Merkmale innerhalb der Repr{\"a}sentationen unbelebter Objekte besonders stark gewichtet sind.}, language = {de} } @book{OPUS4-462, title = {Ein groſs vnnd narhafft haffen : Festschrift f{\"u}r Joachim Gessinger}, editor = {Berner, Elisabeth and Voeste, Anja and B{\"o}hm, Manuela}, isbn = {978-3-937786-35-3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-5231}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2005}, abstract = {Kolleginnen und Kollegen aus Literaturwissenschaft und Linguistik sind der Aufforderung der Herausgeberinnen gefolgt, Beitr{\"a}ge zu Ehren Joachim Gessingers zu verfassen, die sein zentrales Arbeitsgebiet, die j{\"u}ngere Sprach-, Mentalit{\"a}ts- und Wissenschaftsgeschichte, zum Thema haben. Entstanden ist eine facettenreiche Festschrift, die Aspekte der Schriftgeschichte, der Sprachpolitik und der Universit{\"a}tsgeschichte ebenso aufgreift wie linguistische Fragen zur Sprachvariation - und nicht zuletzt Einblicke in das komplexe Privatleben des Autors gew{\"a}hrt. Die Festschrift ist in Form eines Men{\"u}s zum 60. Geburtstag des Jubilars pr{\"a}sentiert und enth{\"a}lt nach dem Entr{\´e}e als Plats du jour im Kapitel "L{\"u}ttje Lage und Maultaschen" Beitr{\"a}ge von Otto Ludwig (Von Kopf und Hand : zur Konstitution der neuzeitlichen Schreibpraxis in sp{\"a}tmittelalterlicher Zeit) und Isabel Zollna (Ohr und Hand : die Taquigraf{\´i}a castellana o arte de escribir con tanta velocidad como se habla (1803) von Francisco de Paula Mart{\´i}). Es folgt der Abschnitt "Bouletten" mit Beitr{\"a}gen von Angelika Ebrecht / Klaus Laermann (Wie kommt Farbe zur Sprache?), Wolfert von Rahden („{\"A}chte Weimaraner" : zur Genealogie eines Genealogen), Susanne Scharnowski („Die Studirten dr{\"u}cken jetzt einander todt, wenn ich so sagen darf" : einige Anmerkungen zu Universit{\"a}tsreform und Gelehrsamkeitskritik seit der Aufkl{\"a}rung), Hartmut Schmidt (Die Sprache des Regimes und die Sprache der B{\"u}rger : Carl Goerdeler und andere zum Leipziger Universit{\"a}tsjubil{\"a}um 1934) und J{\"u}rgen Trabant (Welche Sprache f{\"u}r Europa?). Im Kapitel „R{\"u}ben und Kartoffeln" geben sich folgende Autoren die Ehre: Elisabeth Berner („Im ersten Augenblick war es mir Deinetwegen leid" : Theodor Fontane im Krisenjahr 1876), Manuela B{\"o}hm (Berliner Sprach-Querelen : ein Ausschnitt aus der Debatte {\"u}ber den style r{\´e}fugi{\´e} im 18. Jahrhundert), Peter Eisenberg (Jeder versteht jeden : wie Luther die Pfingstgeschichte schreibt), Christian Fischer (Variation und Korrelation im Mittelniederdeutschen : M{\"o}glichkeiten und Grenzen der Variablenlinguistik), Anja Voeste („Die Neger heben"? : die Sprachenfrage in Deutsch-Neuguinea (1884-1914)), Heide Wegener (Das H{\"u}hnerei vor der Hundeh{\"u}tte : von der Notwendigkeit historischen Wissens in der Grammatikographie des Deutschen) und Birgit Wolf („Woher kommt eigentlich ...?" : Sprachberatung und Sprachgeschichte an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam). Anschließend geht es ans Dessert: Liliane Weissberg (Die Unschuld des Namens und die ungeheure Unordnung der Welt), Roland Willemyns / Eline Vanhecke / Wim Vandenbussche (Politische Loyalit{\"a}t und Sprachwahl : eine Fallstudie aus dem Flandern des fr{\"u}hen 19. Jahrhunderts), J{\"u}rgen Erfurt (Zweisprachige Alphabetisierung im R{\"a}derwerk politischer und wissenschaftlicher Diskurse), Franz Januschek ({\"U}ber Fritz und andere Auslaufmodelle : ein Beitrag zur Lingologie), Ulrich Schmitz (Gr{\"u}n bei Grimm) und Wolfert von Rahden (Immer wieder pl{\"o}tzlich am Ende des Sommers : zur Ph{\"a}nomenologie des Abschiedsrituals auf einem italienischen Landsitz in den achtziger Jahren) servieren Pralinen und Marshmallows, Obst und Hupferl.}, language = {de} } @article{Eggensperger2000, author = {Eggensperger, Karl-Heinz}, title = {Kompetenzniveaus f{\"u}r das Lernen und Lehren von Fremdsprachen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-46}, pages = {1 -- 19}, year = {2000}, abstract = {Im Mittelpunkt des Beitrags steht die Frage, wie sich der Allgemeine Europ{\"a}ische Referenzrahmen mit sechs Stufen und die vier Kompetenzniveaus des UNIcert-Systems aufeinander beziehen lassen. Der Beitrag m{\"o}chte als ein Angebot an die zust{\"a}ndigen Institutionen des Europarats aufgefaßt werden, den Allgemeinen Europ{\"a}ischen Referenzrahmen unter Einbeziehung des hochschulspezifischen Fremdsprachenunterrichts weiterzuentwickeln. Es m{\"u}ssen {\"U}berlegungen zu Beschreibungsparametern, die eine angemessene Progression unter Vermeidung großer Spr{\"u}nge gew{\"a}hrleisten, angestellt werden. Durch die Einbeziehung von UNIcert k{\"o}nnte die internationale Vergleichbarkeit von Fremdsprachenausbildung und -zertifizierung auch auf dem Hochschulsektor vorangetrieben werden. F{\"u}r UNIcert w{\"u}rde dies einen wichtigen Schritt von der Transparenz und Koh{\"a}renz im nationalen Rahmen zu einer gr{\"o}ßeren Konvergenz des universit{\"a}ren Sprachenlernens auf europ{\"a}ischer Ebene bedeuten.}, language = {de} } @book{OPUS4-1107, title = {Optimality theory and minimalism : a possible convergence?}, editor = {Broekhuis, Hans and Vogel, Ralf}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-939469-54-4}, issn = {1616-7392}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-11909}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {vii ; 231}, year = {2006}, abstract = {This issue of Linguistics in Potsdam contains a number of papers that grew out of the workshop Descriptive and Empirical Adequacy in Linguistics held in Berlin on December 17-19 December, 2005. One of the goals of this meeting was to bring together scholars working in various frameworks (with emphasis on the Minimalist Program and Optimality Theory) and to discuss matters concerning descriptive and empirical adequacy. Another explicit goal was to discuss the question whether Minimalism and Optimality Theory should be considered incompatible and, hence, competing theories, or whether the two frameworks should rather be considered complementary in certain respects (see http://let.uvt.nl/deal05/call.html for the call for papers). Five of the seven papers in this volume directly grew out of the oral presentations given at the workshop. Although Vieri Samek-Lodovici's paper was not part of the workshop, it can also be considered a result of the workshop since it pulls together some of his many comments during the discussion time. The paper by Eva Engels and Sten Vikner discusses a phenomenon that received much interest from both minimalist and optimality theoretic syntax in the recent years, Scandinavian object shift. The paper may serve as a practical example for a claim that is repeatedly made in this volume: minimalist and OT analyses, even where they might be competing, can fruitfully inform each other in a constructive manner, leading to a deeper understanding of syntactic phenomena.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{BrehmJurish2005, author = {Brehm-Jurish, Eva Ute}, title = {Connective ties in discourse : three ERP-studies on causal, temporal and concessive connective ties and their influence on language processing}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-6780}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2005}, abstract = {Connective ties in discourse: Three ERP studies on causal, temporal and concessive connective ties and their influence on language processing. Questions In four experiments the influence of lexical connectives such as " darum", therefore, " danach", afterwards, and " trotzdem", nevertheless, on the processing of short two-sentence discourses was examined and compared to the processing of deictical sentential adverbs such as " gestern", yesterday, and " lieber", rather. These latter words do not have the property of signaling a certain discourse relation between two sentences, as connective ties do. Three questions were central to the work: * Do the processing contrasts found between connective and non-connective elements extend to connective ties and deictical sentential adverbs (experiments 2 and 3)? * Does the semantic content of the connective ties play the primary role, i.e is the major distinction to be made indeed between connective and non-connective or instead between causal, temporal and concessive? * When precisely is the information provided by connective ties used? There is some evidence that connective ties can have an immediate influence on the integration of subsequent elements, but the end of the second sentences appears to play an important role as well: experiments 2, 3, and 4. Conclusions First of all, the theoretical distinction between connective and non-connective elements does indeed have " cognitive reality" . This has already been shown in previous studies. The present studies do however show, that there is also a difference between one-place discourse elements (deictical sentential adverbs) and two-place discourse elements, namely connective ties, since all experiments examining this contrast found evidence for qualitatively and quantitatively different processing (experiments 1, 2, and 3). Secondly, the semantic type of the connective ties also plays a role. This was not shown for the LAN, found for all connective ties when compared to non-connective elements, and consequently interpreted as a more abstract reflection of the integration of connective ties. There was also no difference between causal and temporal connective ties before the end of the discourses in experiment 3. However, the N400 found for incoherent discourses in experiment 2, larger for connective incoherent than non-connective incoherent discourses, as well as the P3b found for concessive connective ties in the comparison between causal and concessive connective ties gave reason to assume that the semantic content of connective ties is made use of in incremental processing, and that the relation signaled by the connective tie is the one that readers attempt to construct. Concerning when the information provided by connective ties is used, it appears as if connectivity is generally and obligatorily taken at face value. As long as the meaning of a connective tie did not conflict with a preferred canonical discourse relation, there were no differences found for varying connective discourses (experiment 3). However, the fact that concessive connective ties announce the need for a more complex text representation was recognized and made use of immediately (experiment 4). Additionally, a violation of the discourse relation resulted in more difficult semantic integration if a connective tie was present (experiment 2). It is therefore concluded here that connective ties influence processing immediately. This claim has to be modified somewhat, since the sentence-final elements suggested that connective ties trigger different integration processes than non-connective elements. It seems as if the answer to the question of when connective ties are processed is neither exclusively immediately nor exclusively afterwards, but that both viewpoints are correct. It is suggested here that before the end of a discourse economy plays a central role in that a canonical relation is assumed unless there is evidence to the contrary. A connective tie could have the function of reducing the dimensions evaluated in a discourse to the one signaled by the connective tie. At the end of the discourse the representation is evaluated and verified, and an integrated situation model constructed. Here, the complexity of the different discourse relations that connective ties can signal, is expressed.}, subject = {Sprachverarbeitung }, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Postler2006, author = {Postler, Jenny}, title = {Die neuronale Verarbeitung von Nomen und Verben}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10214}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2006}, abstract = {Seit etwa zwei Jahrzehnten stellt die kognitive und neuronale Verarbeitung von Nomen und Verben einen bedeutsamen Forschungsschwerpunkt im Bereich der Neurolinguistik und Neuropsychologie dar. Intensive Forschungsbem{\"u}hungen der letzten Jahre erbrachten eine Reihe von Ergebnissen, die jedoch {\"u}berwiegend inkonsistent und widerspr{\"u}chlich sind. Eine h{\"a}ufig vertretene Annahme im Bezug auf die neuronale Basis der Nomen und Verb Verarbeitung ist die so genannte anterior-posterior Dissoziation. Demnach werden Nomen in temporalen und Verben in frontalen Regionen der sprachdominanten, linken Hemisph{\"a}re verarbeitet. Die vorliegende Dissertation untersucht mit Hilfe der funktionellen Magnetresonanztomographie, welche kortikalen Regionen in den Abruf von Nomen und Verben beim stillen Bildbennen involviert sind. Ferner wird der Einfluss des Faktors age-of-acquisition (Erwerbsalter) auf die Hirnaktivierung beim Bildbenennen {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft. Die Ergebnisse der Studie zeigen, dass der Abruf von Nomen und Verben {\"a}hnliche kortikale Aktivierungen in bilateral okzipitalen sowie links frontalen, temporalen und inferior parietalen Regionen hervorruft, wobei f{\"u}r Verben st{\"a}rkere Aktivierungen in links frontalen und bilateral temporalen Arealen beobachtet wurden. Dieses Ergebnis widerspricht der Annahme einer anterior-posterior Dissoziation. Die beobachteten Aktivierungsmuster unterst{\"u}tzen dagegen die Auffassung, dass ein gemeinsames Netzwerk bestehend aus anterioren und posterioren Komponenten f{\"u}r die Verarbeitung von Nomen und Verben beim Bildbenennen verantwortlich ist. Die Studie ergab ferner, dass kortikale Aktivierungen beim Bildbenennen durch das Erwerbsalter moduliert werden. Dabei zeigten sich Aktivierungen f{\"u}r sp{\"a}ter erworbene W{\"o}rter im linken inferioren Frontallappen und im basal temporalen Sprachareal. Die Ergebnisse werden diskutiert und interpretiert vor dem Hintergrund aktueller kognitiver und neuroanatomischer Modelle der Sprachverarbeitung.}, subject = {Nomen}, language = {de} } @book{OPUS4-1011, title = {Experimental studies in linguistics 1}, editor = {Fischer, Susann and van de Vijver, Ruben and Vogel, Ralf}, issn = {1864-1857}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10960}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2003}, abstract = {This is the first issue of a series in which affiliates of the Institute of Linguistics report the results of their experimental work. Generative linguistics usually rely on the method of native speaker judgements in order to test their hypotheses. If a hypothesis rules out a set of sentences, linguistics can ask native speakers whether they feel these sentences are indeed ungrammatical in their language. There are, however, circumstances where this method is unreliable. In such cases a more elaborate method to test a hypothesis is called. All papes in this series, and hence, all papers in this volume deal with issues that cannot be reliably tested with native speaker judgements. This volume contains 7 papers, all using different methods and finding answers to very different questions. This heterogenity, by the way, reflects the various interests and research programs of the institute. The paper, by Trutkowski, Zugck, Blaszczak, Fanselow, Fischer and Vogel deals with superiority in 10 Indo-European languages. The paper by Schlesewsky, Fanselow and Frisch and by Schlesewsky and Frisch, deal with the role of case in processing German sentences. The paper by Vogel and Frisch deals with resolving case conflicts, as does the paper by Vogel and Zugck. The nature of partitive case is the topic of the paper by Fischer. The paper by K?gler deals with the realization of question intonation in two German dialects. We hope that you enjoy reading the papers!}, language = {en} } @book{BlaszczakFischer2001, author = {Blaszczak, Joanna and Fischer, Susann}, title = {Multiple Wh-Konstruktionen im Slavischen : state of the art report}, issn = {1864-1857}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10973}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2001}, abstract = {Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt eine kritische {\"U}bersicht {\"u}ber den Forschungsstand zu multiplen Wh-Konstruktionen im Slavischen dar. Das Ziel ist es, die Unklarheit der Datenlage und die Widerspr{\"u}chlichkeit der auf solchen "unklaren" Daten basierten Theorien aufzuzeigen. Inhalt: Historischer Hintergrund (Wachowicz 1974) Einige {\"a}ltere Ans{\"a}tze H{\"o}hepunkt: die folgenschwere Arbeit von Rudin (1988) Probleme: - Das Problem der Zuverl{\"a}sslichkeit von Daten - Das Problem der Relevanz von Daten "Harte" Fakten: - Strikte Superiorit{\"a}tseffekte im Bulgarischen - Obligatorische Wh-Anhebung im Slavischen Neuere Ans{\"a}tze: - "Qualitative" Ans{\"a}tze - "Quantitative" Ans{\"a}tze - Alternative Ans{\"a}tze}, language = {en} }