@misc{EngbertNuthmannRichteretal.2005, author = {Engbert, Ralf and Nuthmann, Antje and Richter, Eike M. and Kliegl, Reinhold}, title = {SWIFT: A Dynamical Model of Saccade Generation during Reading}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57145}, year = {2005}, abstract = {Mathematical models have become an important tool for understanding the control of eye movements during reading. Main goals of the development of the SWIFT model (Engbert, Longtin, \& Kliegl, 2002)were to investigate the possibility of spatially distributed processing and to implement a general mechanism for all types of eye movements we observe in reading experiments. Here, we present an advanced version of SWIFT which integrates properties of the oculomotor system and effects of word recognition to explain many of the experimental phenomena faced in reading research. We propose new procedures for the estimation of model parameters and for the test of the model's performance. A mathematical analysis of the dynamics of the SWIFT model is presented. Finally, within this framework, we present an analysis of the transition from parallel to serial processing.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Engels2004, author = {Engels, Eva}, title = {Adverb placement : an optimality theoretic approach}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-2453}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Adverb positioning is guided by syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic considerations and is subject to cross-linguistic as well as language-specific variation. The goal of the thesis is to identify the factors that determine adverb placement in general (Part I) as well as in constructions in which the adverb's sister constituent is deprived of its phonetic material by movement or ellipsis (gap constructions, Part II) and to provide an Optimality Theoretic approach to the contrasts in the effects of these factors on the distribution of adverbs in English, French, and German. In Optimality Theory (Prince \& Smolensky 1993), grammaticality is defined as optimal satisfaction of a hierarchy of violable constraints: for a given input, a set of output candidates are produced out of which that candidate is selected as grammatical output which optimally satisfies the constraint hierarchy. Since grammaticality crucially relies on the hierarchic relations of the constraints, cross-linguistic variation can be traced back to differences in the language-specific constraint rankings. Part I shows how diverse phenomena of adverb placement can be captured by corresponding constraints and their relative rankings: - contrasts in the linearization of adverbs and verbs/auxiliaries in English and French - verb placement in German and the filling of the prefield position - placement of focus-sensitive adverbs - fronting of topical arguments and adverbs Part II extends the analysis to a particular phenomenon of adverb positioning: the avoidance of adverb attachment to a phonetically empty constituent (gap). English and French are similar in that the acceptability of pre-gap adverb placement depends on the type of adverb, its scope, and the syntactic construction (English: wh-movement vs. topicalization / VP Fronting / VP Ellipsis, inverted vs. non-inverted clauses; French: CLLD vs. Cleft, simple vs. periphrastic tense). Yet, the two languages differ in which strategies a specific type of adverb may pursue to escape placement in front of a certain type of gap. In contrast to English and French, placement of an adverb in front of a gap never gives rise to ungrammaticality in German. Rather, word ordering has to obey the syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic principles discussed in Part I; whether or not it results in adverb attachment to a phonetically empty constituent seems to be irrelevant: though constraints are active in every language, the emergence of a visible effect of their requirements in a given language depends on their relative ranking. The complex interaction of the diverse factors as well as their divergent effects on adverb placement in the various languages are accounted for by the universal constraints and their language-specific hierarchic relations in the OT framework.}, subject = {Adverb}, language = {en} } @misc{Erdmann2015, author = {Erdmann, Julius}, title = {Semiotics of Pictorial Signs on Social Networking Sites}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe}, number = {118}, issn = {1866-8380}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-96484}, pages = {16}, year = {2015}, abstract = {The paper aims at considering characteristics from one field of contemporary visual studies that has for a long time been neglected in academic research: Pictorial signs on Social Network Sites (SNS) are an outstanding class of semiotic resources that is greatly shaped by processes of technological and collective sign production and distribution. A brief examination of the scholarly research on the pragmatics and semiotics of pictorial signs on SNS shows that the heterogeneity of visual signs is often neglected and that it mostly concentrates on one aspect of these pictorial signs: their technological production or their purpose for individual self-disclosure. The paper therefore considers the semiosis of pictorial signs on SNS in a holistic perspective as one the one hand produced by individual and collective meaning making as well as on the other hand a product of technological framing. It therefore develops a techno-semiotic pragmatic account that takes into consideration both processes. Starting from a prominent class of pictorial signs on SNS during Tunisian Revolution, the Tunisian Flag graphics, the paper than shows that communicative and social interaction functions on the graphic interface of SNS ('like'-function, sharing and commenting option) are not only directly inscribed into the pictorial frame, but also greatly influence the reading of a pictorial sign. The location of images on the SNS' interface has an impact on its meaning and on the social functions of a pictorial sign, as profile pictures are directly linked to the online identity of the user. Through technological sign processing, the polysemy of the image is reduced. We therefore consider the images on the one hand as individual self-narratives and on the other as instances of SNS' visual culture that brings out dominant visual codes but also allows social and political movements to spread.}, language = {de} } @article{Erdmann2015, author = {Erdmann, Julius}, title = {Semiotics of Pictorial Signs on Social Networking Sites}, series = {Punctum : international journal of semiotics}, volume = {1}, journal = {Punctum : international journal of semiotics}, number = {1}, publisher = {Hellenic Semiotic Society}, address = {Thessaloniki}, issn = {2459-2943}, doi = {10.18680/hss.2015.0003}, pages = {26 -- 42}, year = {2015}, abstract = {The paper aims at considering characteristics from one field of contemporary visual studies that has for a long time been neglected in academic research: Pictorial signs on Social Network Sites (SNS) are an outstanding class of semiotic resources that is greatly shaped by processes of technological and collective sign production and distribution. A brief examination of the scholarly research on the pragmatics and semiotics of pictorial signs on SNS shows that the heterogeneity of visual signs is often neglected and that it mostly concentrates on one aspect of these pictorial signs: their technological production or their purpose for individual self-disclosure. The paper therefore considers the semiosis of pictorial signs on SNS in a holistic perspective as one the one hand produced by individual and collective meaning making as well as on the other hand a product of technological framing. It therefore develops a techno-semiotic pragmatic account that takes into consideration both processes. Starting from a prominent class of pictorial signs on SNS during Tunisian Revolution, the Tunisian Flag graphics, the paper than shows that communicative and social interaction functions on the graphic interface of SNS ('like'-function, sharing and commenting option) are not only directly inscribed into the pictorial frame, but also greatly influence the reading of a pictorial sign. The location of images on the SNS' interface has an impact on its meaning and on the social functions of a pictorial sign, as profile pictures are directly linked to the online identity of the user. Through technological sign processing, the polysemy of the image is reduced. We therefore consider the images on the one hand as individual self-narratives and on the other as instances of SNS' visual culture that brings out dominant visual codes but also allows social and political movements to spread.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Erdmann2021, author = {Erdmann, Julius}, title = {Kultursemiotik digitaler Bildzeichen der tunesischen Revolution}, series = {Communicatio ; 51}, journal = {Communicatio ; 51}, publisher = {de Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-11-063845-5}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {XI, 382}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @article{Ernst2021, author = {Ernst, Marion Eva}, title = {Negative menschliche Eigenschaften im Spiegel der Vogel-Metaphorik}, series = {Sprache \& Sprachen : Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Sprache und Sprachen}, journal = {Sprache \& Sprachen : Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Sprache und Sprachen}, number = {Sonderheft}, publisher = {GeSuS}, address = {Gelsenkirchen}, issn = {0934-6813}, pages = {91 -- 107}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In dem vorliegenden Beitrag wird es um Metaphern und Phraseologismen gehen, in denen sich negative menschliche Eigenschaften wie z.B. Dummheit, Verr{\"u}cktheit oder Unsauberkeit im Spiegel der Vogel-Metaphorik niederschlagen. F{\"u}r die Metaphern wird ausgef{\"u}hrt, wie, vor dem Hintergrund der Metapherntheorie von Lakoff \& Johnson (1980), Charakteristika der jeweiligen Vogelart semantisch auf Subfelder mangelnder menschlicher sozialer und kognitiver Kompetenzen bezogen sind. Welcher Bezug besteht zwischen einem Ursprungsbereich (source domain) und einem Zielbereich (target domain) wie in Pleitegeier? Wie motiviert oder motivierbar sind Metaphern und Phraseologismen wie Spinatwachtel oder eine Meise haben? In Bezug auf die Phraseologismen wird er{\"o}rtert, welche struktursemantischen Klassen vertreten sind und welche semantischen Subfelder im Vergleich zu den Metaphern Verwendung finden.}, language = {de} } @misc{Ette2017, author = {Ette, Ottmar}, title = {Khal Torabully}, series = {Journal of the African Literature Association}, journal = {Journal of the African Literature Association}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412609}, pages = {9}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Khal Torabully creates poetry and a poetics for those forgotten by history, a theorem and theory which construct a tangible and sensual landscape, allowing for an empathetically shared experience and expressing the dramatic climax of the third phase of accelerated globalization: a project that would be unthinkable without the cultural theory we now have at our disposal in the present surge of globalization. In his poetic and theoretical texts, he has paid a literary tribute to the Coolies, usually from India, but also China and many other countries. Given Torabully's Mauritian roots, but also the worldwide migration of the Coolies themselves, the world of Coolitude is culturally and linguistically extremely diverse, making the act of translation very relevant and giving it multiple meanings. Literature brings these forgotten lives back to life and allows us to share this experience thanks to its aesthetic force. It traces the movements, which sketch trajectories functioning to this day as palimpsest-like vectors of our own paths and trajectories. The author of Chair Corail, Fragments Coolies breaks the chain of mutual exclusions, replacing it with a type of writing belonging to a wider array of expressive modes which in diasporic situations unleash polylogical and archipelagic imaginaries.}, language = {en} } @book{Ette2020, author = {Ette, Ottmar}, title = {Roland Barthes}, publisher = {Caj{\´o}n de sastre}, address = {Bogota}, isbn = {978-958-48-8719-1}, pages = {159}, year = {2020}, language = {es} } @article{EtzienMachlebLorenz2011, author = {Etzien, Maria and Machleb, Franziska and Lorenz, Antje}, title = {Semantische versus wortform-spezifische Merkmalsanalyse in der Behandlung von Wortabrufst{\"o}rungen bei Aphasie}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, number = {4}, issn = {1869-3822}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54337}, pages = {193 -- 197}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @article{Fanselow2004, author = {Fanselow, Gisbert}, title = {Cyclic phonology-syntax-interaction}, series = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632}, journal = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632}, number = {1}, issn = {1866-4725}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8264}, pages = {1 -- 42}, year = {2004}, abstract = {This paper investigates the nature of the attraction of XPs to clauseinitial position in German (and other languages). It argues that there are two different types of preposing. First, an XP can move when it is attracted by an EPP-like feature of Comp. Comp can, however, also attract elements that bear the formal marker of some semantic or pragmatic (information theoretic) function. This second type of movement is driven by the attraction of a formal property of the moved element. It has often been misanalysed as "operator" movement in the past. Japanese wh-questions always exhibit focus intonation (FI). Furthermore, the domain of FI exhibits a correspondence to the wh-scope. I propose that this phonology-semantics correspondence is a result of the cyclic computation of FI, which is explained under the notion of Multiple Spell-Out in the recent Minimalist framework. The proposed analysis makes two predictions: (1) embedding of an FI into another is possible; (2) (overt) movement of a wh-phrase to a phase edge position causes a mismatch between FI and wh-scope. Both predictions are tested experimentally, and shown to be borne out.}, language = {en} }