@article{Franzke2021,
  author    = {Franzke, Jochen},
  title     = {Germany: From Denied Immigration to Integration of Migrants},
  series = {Local Integration of Migrants Policy},
  journal   = {Local Integration of Migrants Policy},
  publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-50978-1},
  issn      = {2523-8248},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-50979-8_7},
  pages     = {107 -- 121},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The chapter begins with a brief historical overview of Germany's transition in the twentieth and twenty-first century from a transit and emigration country to one of immigration. The next part of this chapter looks at the challenges and problems facing German immigration policy within a multi-level federal system. Finally, the chapter gives an analysis of some of the trends in German migration policy since the refugee crisis in 2015, such as changes in the party system and in the concepts underlying migration policies to better manage, control and limit immigration to Germany.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Franzke2021,
  author    = {Franzke, Jochen},
  title     = {Integrating Immigrants: Capacities and Challenges for Local Authorities in Europe},
  series = {Local Integration of Migrants Policy},
  journal   = {Local Integration of Migrants Policy},
  publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-50978-1},
  issn      = {2523-8248},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-50979-8_17},
  pages     = {311 -- 333},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This chapter focuses on the relationship between public opinion on migration and its media coverage. Different explanatory models, including individual characteristics, cultural factors and the impact of media and politics, have been proposed to explain public attitudes towards migrants. Understanding the local context is important, as the shares of migrants living in each region and city vary considerably. Providing correct statistical information, stressing the diversity of current migration patterns in Europe and taking part in media and public discussions are ways in which to impact public attitudes at the local level.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FranzkedelaFuente2021,
  author    = {Franzke, Jochen and de la Fuente, Jos{\´e} M. Ruano},
  title     = {Conclusions: An Overview of Local Migrant Integration Policies in Europe},
  series = {Local Integration of Migrants Policy},
  journal   = {Local Integration of Migrants Policy},
  publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-50978-1},
  issn      = {2523-8248},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-50979-8_18},
  pages     = {335 -- 344},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {As expected, the traditions of national-state migration policies continue to play a very important role, path-dependence in this policy field remains high. The distribution of competences in migration policy and the integration of migrants in the nation states continues to be very different. When implementing integration strategies at grassroots level, the respective policies should be tailored to the profile of both the local migrant community and the native population. Besides better migration management in local administration and the interaction of top-down and bottom-up efforts to integrate migrants is of importance.},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{Dieter2021,
  author    = {Dieter, Heribert},
  title     = {Chinas neuer langer Marsch},
  series = {Schriftenreihe / Bundeszentrale f{\"u}r Politische Bildung ; Band 10685},
  journal   = {Schriftenreihe / Bundeszentrale f{\"u}r Politische Bildung ; Band 10685},
  publisher = {Bundeszentrale f{\"u}r Politische Bildung},
  address   = {Bonn},
  isbn      = {978-3-7425-0685-6},
  pages     = {299},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{ElSafadi2021,
  author    = {El-Safadi, Majd},
  title     = {Afghanistan-Krieg},
  series = {WeltTrends : das außenpolitische Journal},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {WeltTrends : das außenpolitische Journal},
  number    = {179},
  publisher = {WeltTrends},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-947802-66-1},
  issn      = {0944-8101},
  pages     = {68 -- 71},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Teichler2021,
  author    = {Teichler, Hans Joachhim},
  title     = {Rezension zu: Nordalm, Jens: Der sch{\"o}ne Deutsche: das Leben des Gottfried von Cramm. - Hamburg: Rowohlt, 2021. - 286 S. - ISBN 978-3-498-00207-7},
  series = {Berliner Debatte Initial : sozial- und geisteswissenschaftliches Journal},
  volume    = {32},
  journal   = {Berliner Debatte Initial : sozial- und geisteswissenschaftliches Journal},
  publisher = {WeltTrends},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-947802-73-9},
  issn      = {0863-4564},
  pages     = {162 -- 165},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{DoerflerGehring2021,
  author    = {D{\"o}rfler, Thomas and Gehring, Thomas},
  title     = {Analogy-based collective decision-making and incremental change in international organizations},
  series = {European journal of international relations},
  volume    = {27},
  journal   = {European journal of international relations},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Sage},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1354-0661},
  doi       = {10.1177/1354066120987889},
  pages     = {753 -- 778},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {We examine how analogy-based collective decision-making of member states contributes to the endogenous emergence of informal rules and the incremental change of international organizations (IOs). Decision-making by analogy is an important characteristic of day-to-day decision-making in IOs. Relating current decisions to previous ones through analogies drives incremental change and simultaneously reinforces organizational resilience. Whereas the foreign policy analysis literature shows that analogies can be used as cognitive shortcuts in fuzzy and complex foreign policy situations, we focus on their use to overcome social ambiguity (indeterminacy) of coordination situations in IOs. Drawing on psychological conceptions, we develop two micro-level mechanisms that elucidate the effects of analogy-based collective decision-making in member-driven IOs. Analogy-based collective decisions emphasizing similarity between a current situation and previous ones follow an established problem schema and produce expansive and increasingly well-established informal rules. Collective decisions that are analogy-based but emphasize a crucial difference follow different problem schemas and trigger the emergence of additional informal rules that apply to new classes of cases. The result is an increasingly fine-grained web of distinct organizational solutions for a growing number of problems. Accordingly, an IO can increasingly facilitate collective decision-making and gains resilience. Empirically, we probe these propositions with a documentary analysis of decision-making in the Yugoslavia sanctions committee, established by the United Nations Security Council to deal with a stream of requests for exempting certain goods or services from the comprehensive economic embargo imposed on Yugoslavia in response to the War in the Balkans.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Reiners2021,
  author    = {Reiners, Nina},
  title     = {Despite or Because of Contestation?},
  series = {Human Rights Quarterly},
  volume    = {43},
  journal   = {Human Rights Quarterly},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Johns Hopkins Univ.},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {1085-794X},
  doi       = {10.1353/hrq.2021.0021},
  pages     = {329 -- 343},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Almost twenty years after its recognition in international human rights law, the human right to water continues to spark discussions about its scope and meaning. This article revisits the evolution and contestation of the right's first international legal framework, General Comment No. 15 from the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The analysis highlights the contestation of economic and social rights as a universal phenomenon at multiple levels, but argues that these meaning-making practices can support their validation and recognition.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Fuhr2021,
  author    = {Fuhr, Harald},
  title     = {The rise of the Global South and the rise in carbon emissions},
  series = {Third world quarterly},
  volume    = {42},
  journal   = {Third world quarterly},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group},
  address   = {Abingdon},
  issn      = {0143-6597},
  doi       = {10.1080/01436597.2021.1954901},
  pages     = {2724 -- 2746},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Jointly with the Global North, the rise of the Global South has come at a high cost to the environment. Driven by its high energy intensity and the use of fossil fuels, the South has contributed a significant portion of global emissions during the last 30 years, and is now contributing some 63\% of today's total GHG emissions (including land-use change and forestry). Similar to the Global North, the Global South's emissions are heavily concentrated: India and China alone account for some 60\% and the top 10 countries for some 78\% of the group's emissions, while some 120 countries account for only 22\%. Without highlighting such differences, it makes little sense to use the term 'Global South'. Its members are affected differently, and contribute differently to global climate change. They neither share a common view, nor do they pursue joint interests when it comes to international climate negotiations. Instead, they are organised into more than a dozen subgroups of the global climate regime. There is no single climate strategy for the Global South, and climate action will differ enormously from country to country. Furthermore, just and equitable transitions may be particularly challenging for some countries.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BuschFeilHeinzeletal.2021,
  author    = {Busch, Per-Olof and Feil, Hauke and Heinzel, Mirko Noa and Herold, Jana and Kempken, Mathies and Liese, Andrea},
  title     = {Policy recommendations of international bureaucracies},
  series = {International review of administrative sciences : an international journal of comparative public administration},
  volume    = {87},
  journal   = {International review of administrative sciences : an international journal of comparative public administration},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Sage Publ.},
  address   = {Los Angeles, Calif.},
  issn      = {0020-8523},
  doi       = {10.1177/00208523211013385},
  pages     = {775 -- 793},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Many international bureaucracies give policy advice to national administrative units. Why is the advice given by some international bureaucracies more influential than the recommendations of others? We argue that targeting advice to member states through national embeddedness and country-tailored research increases the influence of policy advice. Subsequently, we test how these characteristics shape the relative influence of 15 international bureaucracies' advice in four financial policy areas through a global survey of national administrations from more than 80 countries. Our findings support arguments that global blueprints need to be adapted and translated to become meaningful for country-level work. <br /> Points for practitioners <br /> National administrations are advised by an increasing number of international bureaucracies, and they cannot listen to all of this advice. Whereas some international bureaucracies give 'one-size-fits-all' recommendations to rather diverse countries, others cater their recommendations to the national audience. Investigating financial policy recommendations, we find that national embeddedness and country-tailored advice render international bureaucracies more influential.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Reiners2021,
  author    = {Reiners, Nina},
  title     = {Rezension zu: Milewicz, Karolina M.: Constitutionalizing world politics : the logic of democratic power and the unintended consequences of international treaty making. - Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020. - 354 S. - ISBN: 978-1-108-83509-1},
  series = {Politische Vierteljahresschrift : PVS : German political science quarterly},
  volume    = {62},
  journal   = {Politische Vierteljahresschrift : PVS : German political science quarterly},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0032-3470},
  doi       = {10.1007/s11615-021-00333-y},
  pages     = {575 -- 577},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{FleischerReiners2021,
  author    = {Fleischer, Julia and Reiners, Nina},
  title     = {Connecting international relations and public administration},
  series = {International studies review},
  volume    = {23},
  journal   = {International studies review},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {1521-9488},
  doi       = {10.1093/isr/viaa097},
  pages     = {1230 -- 1247},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The recent debate on administrative bodies in international organizations has brought forward multiple theoretical perspectives, analytical frameworks, and methodological approaches. Despite these efforts to advance knowledge on these actors, the research program on international public administrations (IPAs) has missed out on two important opportunities: reflection on scholarship in international relations (IR) and public administration and synergies between these disciplinary perspectives. Against this backdrop, the essay is a discussion of the literature on IPAs in IR and public administration. We found influence, authority, and autonomy of international bureaucracies have been widely addressed and helped to better understand the agency of such non-state actors in global policy-making. Less attention has been given to the crucial macro-level context of politics for administrative bodies, despite the importance in IR and public administration scholarship. We propose a focus on agency and politics as future avenues for a comprehensive, joint research agenda for international bureaucracies.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Crome2021,
  author    = {Crome, Erhard},
  title     = {Weltsozialforum - R{\"u}ckblick nach 20 Jahren},
  series = {Welttrends : das außenpolitische Journal},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {Welttrends : das außenpolitische Journal},
  number    = {180},
  publisher = {WeltTrends},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-947802-67-8},
  issn      = {0944-8101},
  pages     = {58 -- 64},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Schreiber2021,
  author    = {Schreiber, Wilfried},
  title     = {Zwei mal zwanzig Jahre},
  series = {Welttrends : das außenpolitische Journal},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {Welttrends : das außenpolitische Journal},
  number    = {180},
  publisher = {WeltTrends},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-947802-67-8},
  issn      = {0944-8101},
  pages     = {70 -- 71},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Pittel2021,
  author    = {Pittel, Harald},
  title     = {Fin du globe},
  series = {Thesis eleven : critical theory and historical sociology},
  volume    = {162},
  journal   = {Thesis eleven : critical theory and historical sociology},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Sage},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {0725-5136},
  doi       = {10.1177/0725513621994702},
  pages     = {121 -- 136},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This essay argues that Oscar Wilde noticeably contributed to the emerging discourse about world literature, even though his views in this regard have to be unearthed from the margins of his works, from his early and unpublished American lectures and 'between the lines' of his major critical essays. Wilde's implicit ideas around world literature can be understood as being closely related to his broader endeavour of redirecting and revaluing the pejorative discourse around 'decadence' in art and literature. More specifically, the arch-aesthete preferred to use the word 'romance' rather than 'decadence' (a term he hardly used at all in his writings), signalling a sensitivity attuned to what he called the 'love of things impossible'. This reconceptualization of the decadent outlook was to inspire a critical ideal of literature which relied on creatively activating the other as Other, culminating in a vision of intersubjective, transcultural and unlimited literary communication. Wilde's thought can be more specifically understood as anticipating central tenets of Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak's evocations of the planetary, thus preparing the way for an alterity-oriented understanding of literary cosmopolitanism.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Knobloch2021,
  author    = {Knobloch, J{\"o}rn},
  title     = {Rezension zu: Manow, Philip: (Ent‑)Demokratisierung der Demokratie. - Berlin: Suhrkamp, 2020. - 215 S. - ISBN: 978-3-518-76552-4},
  series = {Politische Vierteljahresschrift : PVS : German political science quarterly / hrsg. vom Vorstand der Deutschen Vereinigung f{\"u}r Politikwissenschaft},
  volume    = {62},
  journal   = {Politische Vierteljahresschrift : PVS : German political science quarterly / hrsg. vom Vorstand der Deutschen Vereinigung f{\"u}r Politikwissenschaft},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-518-12753-7},
  issn      = {0032-3470},
  doi       = {10.1007/s11615-020-00292-w},
  pages     = {171 -- 173},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Adamik2021,
  author    = {Adamik, Verena},
  title     = {Making worlds from literature},
  series = {Thesis eleven : critical theory and historical sociology},
  volume    = {162},
  journal   = {Thesis eleven : critical theory and historical sociology},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Sage},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {0725-5136},
  doi       = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0725513621993308},
  pages     = {105 -- 120},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {While W.E.B. Du Bois's first novel, The Quest of the Silver Fleece (1911), is set squarely in the USA, his second work of fiction, Dark Princess: A Romance (1928), abandons this national framework, depicting the treatment of African Americans in the USA as embedded into an international system of economic exploitation based on racial categories. Ultimately, the political visions offered in the novels differ starkly, but both employ a Western literary canon - so-called 'classics' from Greek, German, English, French, and US American literature. With this, Du Bois attempts to create a new space for African Americans in the world (literature) of the 20th century. Weary of the traditions of this 'world literature', the novels complicate and begin to decenter the canon that they draw on. This reading traces what I interpret as subtle signs of frustration over the limits set by the literature that underlies Dark Princess, while its predecessor had been more optimistic in its appropriation of Eurocentric fiction for its propagandist aims.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EydamGabriadze2021,
  author    = {Eydam, Ulrich Leonard and Gabriadze, Irakli},
  title     = {Institutional development in transition economies},
  series = {Post-Soviet affairs},
  volume    = {37},
  journal   = {Post-Soviet affairs},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group},
  address   = {Abingdon},
  issn      = {1060-586X},
  doi       = {10.1080/1060586X.2020.1848171},
  pages     = {99 -- 118},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {To understand the divergent institutional development in transition economies, we examine the role of institutional experience from the pre-Soviet era in institution-building after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. To measure institutional experience, we construct an index that captures previous experience with independent non-Soviet institutions. A cross-sectional analysis shows that institutional experience is statistically significantly associated with the quality of political, administrative, and legal institutions in transition economies today. To provide a more comprehensive picture and to control for confounding factors, in a second step, we apply a Hausman-Taylor estimator on panel data. This analysis confirms the positive relationship between institutional experience and institutional development. Moreover, the results suggest that the association between institutional experience and political institutions is stronger than the association to the other dimensions of institutions. Overall, the analysis highlights the importance of institutional experience and provides a rationale for the persistency of institutions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{CoeruetCoeruet2021,
  author    = {C{\"o}r{\"u}t, G{\"o}zde Yaz{\i}c{\i} and C{\"o}r{\"u}t, İlker},
  title     = {The neo-liberal conception of empowerment and its limits},
  series = {Central Asian survey},
  volume    = {41},
  journal   = {Central Asian survey},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group},
  address   = {Abingdon},
  issn      = {0263-4937},
  doi       = {10.1080/02634937.2021.1969897},
  pages     = {118 -- 137},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Through qualitative research conducted in the bazaars of Bishkek, this paper examines the posited tripartite relationship between the free market, micro-finance and women's empowerment by focusing on how loans from micro-finance institutions in Bishkek influence the lives of female loanees. The neo-liberal conception of 'individual autonomy' and 'empowerment', it is argued, may not adequately serve as indicators of actual female empowerment/disempowerment in Bishkek and lead us to fail to recognize moments of self-exploitation and forms of claim-making. The research also underlines the disempowering effects of the affectional burden, that is, the constant sense of anxiety, that the loanees have to manage in order to survive in the neo-liberal business environment, which offers high interest rate loans and exposes the loanees to over-indebtedness. These effects can be followed through the analysis of the role the desire for stability and 'ontological security' plays in the formation of the identities/world views of the loanees.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Kleemann2021,
  author    = {Kleemann, Steven},
  title     = {Cyber warfare and the "humanization" of international humanitarian law},
  series = {International journal of cyber warfare and terrorism},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {International journal of cyber warfare and terrorism},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {IGI Global},
  address   = {Hershey},
  isbn      = {978-1-7998-6177-5},
  issn      = {1947-3435},
  doi       = {10.4018/IJCWT.2021040101},
  pages     = {1 -- 11},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Cyber warfare is a timely and relevant issue and one of the most controversial in international humanitarian law (IHL). The aim of IHL is to set rules and limits in terms of means and methods of warfare. In this context, a key question arises: Has digital warfare rules or limits, and if so, how are these applicable? Traditional principles, developed over a long period, are facing a new dimension of challenges due to the rise of cyber warfare. This paper argues that to overcome this new issue, it is critical that new humanity-oriented approaches is developed with regard to cyber warfare. The challenge is to establish a legal regime for cyber-attacks, successfully addressing human rights norms and standards. While clarifying this from a legal perspective, the authors can redesign the sensitive equilibrium between humanity and military necessity, weighing the humanitarian aims of IHL and the protection of civilians-in combination with international human rights law and other relevant legal regimes-in a different manner than before.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Thielicke2021,
  author    = {Thielicke, Hubert},
  title     = {Afghanistan und Zentralasien},
  series = {Welttrends : das außenpolitische Journal},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {Welttrends : das außenpolitische Journal},
  number    = {180},
  publisher = {WeltTrends},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-947802-67-8},
  issn      = {0944-8101},
  pages     = {4 -- 8},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Giessmann2021,
  author    = {Gießmann, Hans-Joachim},
  title     = {Wie weiter?},
  series = {Welttrends : das außenpolitische Journal},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {Welttrends : das außenpolitische Journal},
  number    = {180},
  publisher = {WeltTrends},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-947802-67-8},
  issn      = {0944-8101},
  pages     = {20},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{ElSafadi2021,
  author    = {El-Safadi, Majd},
  title     = {Joschkas Kinder},
  volume    = {29},
  number    = {176},
  publisher = {WeltTrends},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-947802-63-0},
  issn      = {0944-8101},
  pages     = {70 -- 71},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Wallraf2021,
  author    = {Wallraf, Wolfram},
  title     = {Zivilmacht Deutschland revisited},
  series = {Welttrends : das außenpolitische Journal},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {Welttrends : das außenpolitische Journal},
  number    = {117},
  publisher = {WeltTrends},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-947802-64-7},
  issn      = {0944-8101},
  pages     = {30 -- 36},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Fleischer2021,
  author    = {Fleischer, Julia},
  title     = {Federal Administration},
  series = {Public Administration in Germany},
  journal   = {Public Administration in Germany},
  publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-53696-1},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-53697-8_5},
  pages     = {61 -- 79},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The federal administration is significantly small (around 10 percent of all public employees). This speciality of the German administrative system is based on the division of responsibilities: the central (federal) level drafts and adopts most of the laws and public programmes, and the state level (together with the municipal level) implements them. The administration of the federal level comprises the ministries, subordinated agencies for special and selected operational tasks (e.g. the authorisation of drugs, information security and registration of refugees) in distinct administrative sectors (e.g. foreign service, armed forces and federal police). The capacity for preparing and monitoring government bills and statutory instruments is well developed. Moreover, the instruments and tools of coordination are exemplary compared with other countries, although the recent digital turn has been adopted less advanced than elsewhere.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FleischerCarstens2021,
  author    = {Fleischer, Julia and Carstens, Nora},
  title     = {Policy labs as arenas for boundary spanning},
  series = {Public Management Review},
  volume    = {24},
  journal   = {Public Management Review},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1470-1065},
  doi       = {10.1080/14719037.2021.1893803},
  pages     = {1208 -- 1225},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The recently adopted German Online Access Act triggered the creation of digitalization labs for designing digital services, bringing together federal, state, and local authorities; end-users; and private-sector actors. These labs provide opportunities for boundary spanning due to organizational field and lab features. Our comparative case studies on three digitalization labs show variations in boundary spanning and reveal lab members de-coupling from their parent organizations to a varying extent. We have concluded labs offer boundary spanning that supports safeguarding the legitimacy of innovative policy designs but also raise concerns over public accountability.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Crome2021,
  author    = {Crome, Erhard},
  title     = {Gesinnungsethik und Außenpolitik},
  series = {Welttrends : das außenpolitische Journal},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {Welttrends : das außenpolitische Journal},
  number    = {117},
  publisher = {WeltTrends},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-947802-64-7},
  issn      = {0944-8101},
  pages     = {37 -- 43},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Crome2021,
  author    = {Crome, Erhard},
  title     = {Hegemonialkampf im Weltsystem},
  series = {WeltTrends : das außenpolitische Journal},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {WeltTrends : das außenpolitische Journal},
  number    = {179},
  publisher = {WeltTrends},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-947802-66-1},
  issn      = {0944-8101},
  pages     = {41 -- 45},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{LieseHeroldFeiletal.2021,
  author    = {Liese, Andrea and Herold, Jana and Feil, Hauke and Busch, Per-Olof},
  title     = {The heart of bureaucratic power},
  series = {Review of international studies : RIS},
  volume    = {47},
  journal   = {Review of international studies : RIS},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Cambridge Univ. Press},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {0260-2105},
  doi       = {10.1017/S026021052100005X},
  pages     = {353 -- 376},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Expert authority is regarded as the heart of international bureaucracies' power. To measure whether international bureaucracies' expert authority is indeed recognised and deferred to, we draw on novel data from a survey of a key audience: officials in the policy units of national ministries in 121 countries. Respondents were asked to what extent they recognised the expert authority of nine international bureaucracies in various thematic areas of agricultural and financial policy. The results show wide variance. To explain this variation, we test well-established assumptions on the sources of de facto expert authority. Specifically, we look at ministry officials' perceptions of these sources and, thus, focus on a less-studied aspect of the authority relationship. We examine the role of international bureaucracies' perceived impartiality, objectivity, global impact, and the role of knowledge asymmetries. Contrary to common assumptions, we find that de facto expert authority does not rest on impartiality perceptions, and that perceived objectivity plays the smallest role of all factors considered. We find some indications that knowledge asymmetries are associated with more expert authority. Still, and robust to various alternative specifications, the perception that international bureaucracies are effectively addressing global challenges is the most important factor.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Zimmering2021,
  author    = {Zimmering, Raina},
  title     = {Das Verweben gemeinsamer Widerst{\"a}nde},
  series = {Welttrends : das außenpolitische Journal},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {Welttrends : das außenpolitische Journal},
  number    = {117},
  publisher = {WeltTrends},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-947802-64-7},
  issn      = {0944-8101},
  pages     = {9 -- 12},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Arnold2021,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Arnold, Maren},
  title     = {"Der Fall Collini" von Ferdinand von Schirach als Narration f{\"u}r politisch-rechtliches Lernen im Politikunterricht},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-51285},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-512851},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {75},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In den vergangenen Jahren hat sich die Politikdidaktik zunehmend mit dem Einsatz von Narrationen im Politikunterricht besch{\"a}ftigt, denn neben Sachtexten bietet auch die Belletristik die M{\"o}glichkeit, sich mit politischen Themen auseinanderzusetzen. Insbesondere die Literatur von Ferdinand von Schirach hat in den letzten Jahren zunehmend Anklang in der Gesellschaft gefunden. Von Schirachs Texte greifen gesellschaftskritische Themen auf, beleuchten diese aus verschiedenen Perspektiven und fordern zur Meinungsbildung heraus. Aus diesem Grund weisen von Schirachs Narrationen ein hohes Potential f{\"u}r die Politische Bildung auf. Politische Bildung schließt auch die Rechterziehung ein. Der Fall Collini von Ferdinand von Schirach setzt sich sowohl mit rechtlichen, als auch mit politischen Themen im Sinne der Rechtserziehung auseinander. In der vorliegenden Masterarbeit wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit der Roman Der Fall Collini von Ferdinand von Schirach als Narration eine Chance f{\"u}r politisch-rechtliches Lernen im Politikunterricht darstellt. Um die Forschungsfrage zu beantworten, werden die Lernchancen und -grenzen des Romans hinsichtlich seiner Thematik und seines Genres, sowie durch den Roman gef{\"o}rderten Kompetenzen herausgearbeitet und die durch ihn m{\"o}glichen f{\"a}cher{\"u}bergreifenden Bez{\"u}ge verdeutlicht. Durch die Auseinandersetzung mit von Schirachs Werk besch{\"a}ftigen sich die Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}ler mit politisch-rechtlichen Themen, wie dem Spannungsverh{\"a}ltnis von Recht und Gerechtigkeit, dem Ablauf von Strafgerichtsverfahren, dem theoretischen Anspruch des Rechtsstaates und dessen realen Schw{\"a}chen. Zudem f{\"o}rdert die Auseinandersetzung mit dem Roman Der Fall Collini die vier fachbezogenen Kompetenzen der Politischen Bildung, sowie Multiperspektivit{\"a}t und exemplarisches Lernen. Des Weiteren verkn{\"u}pft der Roman historische, politisch-rechtliche und moralisch-ethische Aspekte miteinander, wodurch f{\"a}cher{\"u}bergreifende Bez{\"u}ge mit den F{\"a}chern Geschichte, Deutsch und L-E-R hergestellt werden k{\"o}nnen. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus spricht der Justizroman als Narration seine Leserinnen und Leser auch emotional an und f{\"o}rdert somit eine ganzheitliche und nachhaltige Wissensvermittlung im Sinne der Rechtserziehung. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass Der Fall Collini von Ferdinand von Schirach sich f{\"u}r die unterrichtliche Besch{\"a}ftigung innerhalb der Politischen Bildung besonders eignet.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Geppert2021,
  author    = {Geppert, Dominik Nicolas},
  title     = {Emotions and gender in Margaret Thatcher and Helmut Kohl's Cold War},
  series = {Diplomacy and statecraft},
  volume    = {32},
  journal   = {Diplomacy and statecraft},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis Group},
  address   = {Philadelphia},
  issn      = {0959-2296},
  doi       = {10.1080/09592296.2021.1996719},
  pages     = {766 -- 788},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Although German Federal Chancellor Helmut Kohl and British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher were on the same side in the Cold War, as well as in the same family of moderate centre-right parties, despite being roughly the same age and sharing a fundamental market-economic and Atlanticist orientation, they were not in harmony emotionally. This analysis demonstrates how different genders, incompatible conceptions of nation, history, and regional origins, as well as experiences of mutual frustration eclipsed their ideological commonalities and counteracted against the 'emotional regimes' of 'the West' in the Cold War. It breaks new ground in several respects. First, it does not examine strong feelings that blotted out all others but rather a range of more ambivalent and nuanced emotions. Second, it links the themes of gender and feeling by enquiring about the male or female manifestations and attributions of certain emotions. Third, it focuses on not only men and women at the top but considers their entourages as either amplifiers or 'shock absorbers' of the leaders' feelings. Finally, it explores the scope and limits of the notion that the Cold War was an 'emotional regime'.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DebreDijkstra2021,
  author    = {Debre, Maria Josepha and Dijkstra, Hylke},
  title     = {COVID-19 and policy responses by international organizations},
  series = {Global policy : gp / Durham University ; Hertie School of Governance ; LSE, Public Policy Group},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Global policy : gp / Durham University ; Hertie School of Governance ; LSE, Public Policy Group},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  address   = {Oxford [u.a.]},
  issn      = {1758-5880},
  doi       = {10.1111/1758-5899.12975},
  pages     = {443 -- 454},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The liberal international order is being challenged and international organizations (IOs) are a main target of contestation. COVID-19 seems to exacerbate the situation with many states pursuing domestic strategies at the expense of multilateral cooperation. At the same time, IOs have traditionally benefited from cross-border crises. This article analyzes the policy responses of IOs to the exogenous COVID-19 shock by asking why some IOs use this crisis as an opportunity to expand their scope and policy instruments? It provides a cross-sectional analysis using original data on the responses of 75 IOs to COVID-19 during the first wave between March and June 2020. It finds that the bureaucratic capacity of IOs is significant when it comes to using the crisis as an opportunity. It also finds some evidence that the number of COVID-19 cases among the member states affects policy responses and that general purpose IOs have benefited more.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Ihle2021,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Ihle, Sebastian},
  title     = {Das Textbuch zu dem Theaterst{\"u}ck "Gott" von Ferdinand von Schirach als Unterrichtsmedium zur Rechtserziehung im Politikunterricht},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-51576},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-515768},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {66},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Der rechtliche, moralisch-ethische und auch politische Gehalt des Theaterst{\"u}cks „Gott" wirft aus politikdidaktischer Perspektive u. a. die Frage auf, inwiefern sich das Textbuch zu dem Theaterst{\"u}ck Gott von Ferdinand von Schirach als Unterrichtsmedium zur Rechtserziehung im Politikunterricht eignet. Diese Frage stellt sich v. a. vor dem Hintergrund, dass der Politikdidaktiker Ingo Juchler im Rahmen des von ihm begr{\"u}ndeten narrativen Ansatzes der politischen Bildung den Einsatz von Narrationen in der f{\"a}cher{\"u}bergreifenden politischen Bildung explizit vorschl{\"a}gt. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus l{\"a}sst sich die Narration auch thematisch dem Politikunterricht zuordnen. Denn, dass Recht „Teil der Politischen Bildung ist und im Unterricht eine Rolle spielen sollte" (Goll 2017: 592), gilt in der fachdidaktischen Literatur zum rechtlichen Lernen gemeinhin als unstrittig. Die Arbeit ist gedanklich in zwei Teile gegliedert: Im ersten Teil wird zun{\"a}chst eine wissenschaftlich bzw. fachdidaktisch fundierte Grundlage geschaffen. In einem ersten Schritt werden deshalb der narrative Ansatz der politischen Bildung und in diesem Zusammenhang insbesondere die Vorz{\"u}ge des Einsatzes von Narrationen im Politikunterricht vorgestellt. Anschließend werden Recht und Rechtserziehung in den Kontext von Schule und Politikunterricht eingeordnet. Aus beiden Abschnitten werden folglich Kriterien abgeleitet, anhand derer im Allgemeinen die Eignung einer Narration f{\"u}r den Politikunterricht (Abschnitt 2) und im Besonderen die Eignung einer Narration als Unterrichtsmedium zur Rechtserziehung im Politikunterricht (Abschnitt 3) bestimmt werden kann. Diese Kriterien werden in einem Kriterienkatalog (Abschnitt 4) geb{\"u}ndelt, mit dessen Hilfe im zweiten Teil das Textbuch zu dem Theaterst{\"u}ck „Gott" hinsichtlich seiner Eignung als Unterrichtsmedium zur Rechtserziehung im Politikunterricht {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft wird. Abschließend werden die Untersuchungsergebnisse pointiert dargelegt und das Vorgehen reflektiert.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Carl2021,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Carl, Kea},
  title     = {Die Mensch-Tier-Beziehung und die Rechte der Tiere: eine Unterrichtskonzeption f{\"u}r den Politikunterricht},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-51512},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-515129},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {127},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Die Masterarbeit besch{\"a}ftigt sich auf der theoretischen Grundlage der Entwicklung der Mensch-Tier-Beziehung sowie der Entstehung der Human-Animal Studies (HAS) mit der Frage, welche M{\"o}glichkeiten es gibt, um das Bewusstsein der Menschen f{\"u}r einen moralischen und sensiblen Umgang mit Tieren zu sensibilisieren. Konkret geht die vorliegende Arbeit der Frage nach, wie die Mensch-Tier-Beziehung und die Rechte der Tiere Bestandteil des Politikunterrichts werden k{\"o}nnen. Um das gewaltige Repertoire an M{\"o}glichkeiten, das sich mit dieser {\"U}berlegung {\"o}ffnet, einzugrenzen, wurde die Mensch-Tier-Beziehung schwerpunktm{\"a}ßig anhand der (konventionellen) Nutztierhaltung untersucht. Das Ergebnis der Arbeit zeigt, dass die Thematik der Mensch-Tier-Beziehung im Allgemeinen sowie die entwickelte Unterrichtskonzeption im Konkreten f{\"u}r den Unterricht der Politischen Bildung geeignet sind. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus konnte die Erkenntnis gewonnen werden, dass die Thematik vielf{\"a}ltige Ankn{\"u}pfungspunkte sowohl f{\"u}r den Politikunterricht als auch f{\"u}r weitere Unterrichtsf{\"a}cher bietet.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schmidt2021,
  author    = {Schmidt, Robert},
  title     = {Gr{\"u}ndungsf{\"o}rderung an Hochschulen},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-52520},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-525203},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XIII, 270, ix},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {F{\"o}rdermittelfinanzierte Gr{\"u}ndungsunterst{\"u}tzungsangebote waren in den EU-F{\"o}rderperioden 2007-2013 und 2014-2020 ein wichtiges Element der Hochschulgr{\"u}ndungsf{\"o}rderung im Land Brandenburg. Aufgrund der positiven wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung des Landes, reduzierte sich das F{\"o}rdervolumen in der gleichen Zeit jedoch stetig. F{\"u}r die EU-F{\"o}rderperiode 2021-2027 steht eine weitere Reduzierung der F{\"o}rdermittel bereits fest. In der Folge wird es, ohne Anpassungen der etablierten F{\"o}rderstrukturen, zur weiteren Reduzierung oder Erosion der Gr{\"u}ndungsunterst{\"u}tzungsangebote an Brandenburger Hochschulen kommen. Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich daher u.a. mit der Frage, wie ein theoretisches Referenzmodell zur f{\"o}rdermittelfinanzierten Hochschulgr{\"u}ndungsberatung gestaltet sein kann, um den reduzierten F{\"o}rders{\"a}tzen bei gleichzeitiger Aufrechterhaltung der Angebotsvielfalt gerecht zu werden. Zur Beantwortung dieser Frage wird als Untersuchungsobjekt das F{\"o}rderprojekt BIEM Startup Navigator herangezogen. Das Gr{\"u}ndungsberatungsprojekt BIEM Startup Navigator wurde von 2010 bis 2014 an sechs Brandenburger Hochschulen durchgef{\"u}hrt. Mit Hilfe der Modelle und Pr{\"a}missen der Prinzipal-Agent-Theorie wird zun{\"a}chst ein theoretischer Rahmen aufgespannt, auf dessen Grundlage die empirische Untersuchung erfolgt. Anhand der Prinzipal-Agent-Theorie werden die beteiligten Organisationen, Individuen und Institutionen aufgezeigt. Weiterhin werden die wesentlichen Problemfelder und L{\"o}sungsans{\"a}tze der Prinzipal-Agent-Theorie f{\"u}r die Untersuchung des BIEM Startup Navigators diskutiert. Im Untersuchungsverlauf werden u.a. die Konzepte zur Durchf{\"u}hrung des F{\"o}rderprojekts an sechs Hochschulstandorten, die Daten von 610 Teilnehmenden und 288 Gr{\"u}ndungen analysiert, um so sachlogische Zusammenh{\"a}nge und Wechselwirkungen identifizieren und beschreiben zu k{\"o}nnen. Es werden unterschiedliche theoretische Annahmen zu den Bereichen Projekteffektivit{\"a}t bzw. Projekteffizienz, Kostenverteilung und zur konzeptionellen Ausgestaltung in Form von 24 Arbeitshypothesen formuliert und auf die Untersuchung {\"u}bertragen. Die Verifizierung bzw. Falsifizierung der Hypothesen erfolgt auf Grundlage der kombinierten Erkenntnisse aus Literaturrecherchen und den Ergebnissen der empirischen Untersuchung. Im Verlauf der Arbeit gelingt es, die in der Prinzipal-Agent-Theorie auftretenden Agencykosten auch am Beispiel des BIEM Startup Navigators zu beschreiben und ex post Ineffizienzen in den durchgef{\"u}hrten Screening- und Signalingprozessen aufzuzeigen. Mit Hilfe des im Verlauf der Arbeit entwickelten theoretischen Referenzmodells zur f{\"o}rdermittelfinanzierten Gr{\"u}ndungsberatung an Brandenburger Hochschulen soll es gelingen, den sinkenden EU-F{\"o}rdermitteln, ohne eine gleichzeitige Reduzierung der Gr{\"u}ndungsunterst{\"u}tzungsangebote an den Hochschulen, gerecht zu werden. Hierf{\"u}r zeigt das theoretische Referenzmodell wie die Ergebnisse der empirischen Untersuchung genutzt werden k{\"o}nnen, um die Agencykosten der f{\"o}rdermittelfinanzierten Gr{\"u}ndungsberatung zu reduzieren.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{HeinzelLiese2021,
  author    = {Heinzel, Mirko Noa and Liese, Andrea},
  title     = {Expert authority and support for COVID-19 measures in Germany and the UK},
  series = {West European politics},
  journal   = {West European politics},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  address   = {Abingdon},
  issn      = {0140-2382},
  doi       = {10.1080/01402382.2021.1873630},
  pages     = {1258 -- 1282},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {During COVID-19, various public institutions tried to shape citizens' behaviour to slow the spread of the pandemic. How did their authority affect citizens' support of public measures taken to combat the spread of COVID-19? The article makes two contributions. First, it presents a novel conceptualisation of authority as a source heuristic. Second, it analyses the authority of four types of public institutions (health ministries, universities, public health agencies, the WHO) in two countries (Germany and the UK), drawing on novel data from a survey experiment conducted in May 2020. On average, institutional endorsements seem to have mattered little. However, there is an observable polarisation effect where citizens who ascribe much expertise to public institutions support COVID-19 measures more than the control group. Furthermore, those who ascribe little expertise support them less than the control group. Finally, neither perception of biases nor exposure to institutions in public debates seems consistently to affect their authority.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LeibRuppel2021,
  author    = {Leib, Julia and Ruppel, Samantha},
  title     = {The dance of peace and justice},
  series = {International peacekeeping},
  journal   = {International peacekeeping},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1353-3312},
  doi       = {10.1080/13533312.2021.1927726},
  pages     = {783 -- 812},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This article investigates local perceptions of international peacebuilding in Sierra Leone and Liberia and explains the need for an inclusive framework addressing peace and justice at the same time. These neighbouring countries in West Africa not only share the burden of an intertwined conflict history but have also been described as prototypes for successful peacebuilding. However, both cases show striking differences with regard to the relative importance given to security and justice during the peace process and within the selected peacebuilding approaches. In Liberia, the peacebuilding framework was clearly sequenced, favouring security over justice. In Sierra Leone, it included a comprehensive TJ component, which was implemented alongside security-centred initiatives. In order to compare these two cases and to elaborate on the challenges of establishing both peace and justice in post-conflict settings with a more people-centred focus, we conducted expert interviews with (inter)national peacebuilding actors and opinion surveys, asking how the civilian populations themselves perceive the peace process and the effectiveness of international peacebuilding. The findings provide insights into local experiences with the inclusive peacebuilding framework implemented in Sierra Leone and the drawbacks of delaying justice and accountability in Liberia.},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{Ganghof2021,
  author    = {Ganghof, Steffen},
  title     = {Beyond Presidentialism and Parliamentarism},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  isbn      = {978-0-19-289714-5},
  doi       = {10.1093/oso/9780192897145.001.0001},
  pages     = {1 -- 199},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In a democracy, a constitutional separation of powers between the executive and the assembly may be desirable, but the constitutional concentration of executive power in a single human being is not. The book defends this thesis and explores 'semi-parliamentary government' as an alternative to presidential government. Semi-parliamentarism avoids power concentration in one person by shifting the separation of powers into the democratic assembly. The executive becomes fused with only one part of the assembly, even though the other part has at least equal democratic legitimacy and robust veto power on ordinary legislation. The book identifies the Australian Commonwealth and Japan, as well as the Australian states of New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, and Western Australia, as semi-parliamentary systems. Using data from 23 countries and 6 Australian states, it maps how parliamentary and semi-parliamentary systems balance competing visions of democracy; it analyzes patterns of electoral and party systems, cabinet formation, legislative coalition-building, and constitutional reforms; it systematically compares the semi-parliamentary and presidential separation of powers; and it develops new and innovative semi-parliamentary designs, some of which do not require two separate chambers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HeroldLieseBuschetal.2021,
  author    = {Herold, Jana and Liese, Andrea and Busch, Per-Olof and Feil, Hauke},
  title     = {Why national ministries consider the policy advice of international bureaucracies},
  series = {International studies quarterly : the journal of the International Studies Association},
  volume    = {65},
  journal   = {International studies quarterly : the journal of the International Studies Association},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0020-8833},
  doi       = {10.1093/isq/sqab044},
  pages     = {669 -- 682},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Scholars of international relations and public administration widely assume that international bureaucracies, in their role as policy advisors, directly influence countries' domestic policies. Yet, this is not true across the board. Why do some countries closely consider the advice of international bureaucracies while others do not? This article argues that international bureaucracies' standing as sources of expertise is crucial. We tested this argument using data from a unique survey that measured prevalent practices of advice utilization in thematically specialized policy units of national ministries in a representative sample of more than a hundred countries. Our findings show that ministries' perceptions of international bureaucracies' expertise, that is, specialized and reliable knowledge, are the key factor. International bureaucracies influence national ministries directly and without the support of other actors that may also have an interest in the international bureaucracies' policy advice. Our analysis also demonstrates that the effects of alternative means of influence, such as third-party pressure and coercion, are themselves partly dependent on international bureaucracies' reputation as experts. The findings presented in this article reinforce the emphasis on expertise as a source of international bureaucracies' influence, and provide a crucial test of its importance.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PetersJanz2021,
  author    = {Peters, Wilfried and Janz, Norbert},
  title     = {Digitales Versammlungsrecht?},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r das gesamte Sicherheitsrecht},
  volume    = {4},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r das gesamte Sicherheitsrecht},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {C.H. Beck},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  issn      = {2567-3823},
  pages     = {161 -- 164},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Das Grundrecht der Versammlungsfreiheit ist bekanntermaßen entwicklungsoffen. Gesch{\"u}tzt werden also nicht nur historisch gewachsene „klassische" Versammlungstypen. Immer wieder zeigen sich neuartige Erscheinungsformen, die es in den Schutzbereich des Art. GG Artikel 8 GG einzuordnen gilt. Aus j{\"u}ngerer Zeit sind etwa Flashmobs oder Demonstrationen auf Schienen zur Fussnote 1 und mit Wohnmobilen zur Fussnote 2 zu nennen. Diskutiert werden auch Online-Versammlungen, bei denen die Teilnehmenden vollst{\"a}ndig auf ein k{\"o}rperliches Zusammentreffen verzichten und sich nur virtuell via Computer oder Smartphone zusammenschalten. Angesichts absoluter und relativer Versammlungsverbote in coronabedingten Lockdowns zur Fussnote 3 steht mehr denn je die verfassungsrechtliche Dimension dieserart nichtphysischer Zusammentreffen im Streit. Der Beitrag befasst sich daher mit der Frage, ob die Versammlungsfreiheit des Art. GG Artikel 8 GG im digitalen Zeitalter auch eine virtuelle Seite hat.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{KuhlmannFranzkeDumasetal.2021,
  author    = {Kuhlmann, Sabine and Franzke, Jochen and Dumas, Beno{\^i}t Paul and Heine, Moreen},
  title     = {Daten als Grundlage f{\"u}r wissenschaftliche Politikberatung},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-51968},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-519683},
  pages     = {67},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Die vorliegende Studie zeigt, dass Daten in der Krise eine herausragende Bedeutung f{\"u}r die wissenschaftliche Politikberatung, administrative Entscheidungsvorbereitung und politische Entscheidungsfindung haben. In der Krise gab es jedoch gravierende Kommunikationsprobleme und Unsicherheiten in der wechselseitigen Erwartungshaltung von wissenschaftlichen Datengebern und politisch-administrativen Datennutzern. Die Wissensakkumulation und Entscheidungsabw{\"a}gung wurde außerdem durch eine unsichere und volatile Datenlage zum Pandemiegeschehen, verbunden mit einer dynamischen Lageentwicklung, erschwert. Nach wie vor sind das Bewusstsein und wechselseitige Verst{\"a}ndnis f{\"u}r die spezifischen Rollenprofile der am wissenschaftlichen Politikberatungsprozess beteiligten Akteure sowie insbesondere deren Abgrenzung als unzureichend einzusch{\"a}tzen. Die Studie hat dar{\"u}ber hinaus vielf{\"a}ltige Defizite hinsichtlich der Verf{\"u}gbarkeit, Qualit{\"a}t, Zug{\"a}nglichkeit, Teilbarkeit und Nutzbarkeit von Daten identifiziert, die Datenproduzenten und -verwender vor erhebliche Herausforderungen stellen und einen umfangreichen Reformbedarf aufzeigen, da zum einen wichtige Datenbest{\"a}nde f{\"u}r eine krisenbezogene Politikberatung fehlen. Zum anderen sind die Tiefensch{\"a}rfe und Differenziertheit des verf{\"u}gbaren Datenbestandes teilweise unzureichend. Dies gilt z.B. f{\"u}r sozialstrukturelle Daten zur Schwere der Pandemiebetroffenheit verschiedener Gruppen oder f{\"u}r kleinr{\"a}umige Daten {\"u}ber Belastungs- und Kapazit{\"a}tsparameter, etwa zur Personalabdeckung auf Intensivstationen, in Gesundheits{\"a}mtern und Pflegeeinrichtungen. Datendefizite sind ferner im Hinblick auf eine ganzheitliche Pandemiebeurteilung festzustellen, zum Beispiel bez{\"u}glich der Gesundheitseffekte im weiteren Sinne, die aufgrund der ergriffenen Maßnahmen entstanden sind (Verschiebung oder Wegfall von Operationen, Behandlungen und Pr{\"a}vention, aber auch h{\"a}usliche Gewalt und psychische Belastungen). Mangels systematischer Begleitstudien und evaluativer Untersuchungen, u.a. auch zu lokalen Pilotprojekten und Experimenten, bestehen außerdem Datendefizite im Hinblick auf die Wirkungen von Eind{\"a}mmungsmaßnahmen oder deren Aufhebung auf der gebietsk{\"o}rperschaftlichen Ebene. Insgesamt belegt die Studie, dass es zur Optimierung der datenbasierten Politikberatung und politischen Entscheidungsfindung in und außerhalb von Krisen nicht nur darum gehen kann, ein „Mehr" an Daten zu produzieren sowie deren Qualit{\"a}t, Verkn{\"u}pfung und Teilung zu verbessern. Vielmehr m{\"u}ssen auch die Anreizstrukturen und Interessenlagen in Politik, Verwaltung und Wissenschaft sowie die Kompetenzen, Handlungsorientierungen und kognitiv-kulturellen Pr{\"a}gungen der verschiedenen Akteure in den Blick genommen werden. Es m{\"u}ssten also Anreize gesetzt und Strukturen geschaffen werden, um das Interesse, den Willen und das K{\"o}nnen (will and skill) zur Datennutzung auf Seiten politisch-administrativer Entscheider und zur Dateneinspeisung auf Seiten von Wissenschaftlern zu st{\"a}rken. Neben adressatengerechter Informationsaufbereitung geht es dabei auch um die Gestaltung eines normativen und institutionellen Rahmens, innerhalb dessen die Nutzung von Daten f{\"u}r Entscheidungen effektiver, qualifizierter, aber auch transparenter, nachvollziehbarer und damit demokratisch legitimer erfolgen kann. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser empirischen Befunde werden acht Cluster von Optimierungsmaßnahmen vorgeschlagen: (1) Etablierung von Datenstrecken und Datenteams, (2) Schaffung regionaler Datenkompetenzzentren, (3) St{\"a}rkung von Data Literacy und Beschleunigung des Kulturwandels in der {\"o}ffentlichen Verwaltung, (4) Datenstandardisierung, Interoperabilit{\"a}t und Registermodernisierung, (5) Ausbau von Public Data Pools und Open Data Nutzung, (6) Effektivere Verbindung von Datenschutz und Datennutzung, (7) Entwicklung eines hochfrequenten, repr{\"a}sentativen Datensatzes, (8) F{\"o}rderung der europ{\"a}ischen Daten-Zusammenarbeit.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KuhlmannBogumil2021,
  author    = {Kuhlmann, Sabine and Bogumil, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Administrative Reforms in the Multilevel System},
  series = {Public Administration in Germany},
  journal   = {Public Administration in Germany},
  publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-53696-1},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-53697-8_16},
  pages     = {271 -- 289},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The chapter analyses recent reforms in the multilevel system of the L{\"a}nder, specifically territorial, functional and structural reforms, which represent three of the most crucial and closely interconnected reform trajectories at the subnational level. It sheds light on the variety of reform approaches pursued in the different L{\"a}nder and also highlights some factors that account for these differences. The transfer of state functions to local governments is addressed as well as the restructuring of L{\"a}nder administrations (e.g. abolishment of the meso level of the L{\"a}nder administration and of single-purpose state agencies) and the rescaling of territorial boundaries at county and municipal levels, including a brief review of the recently failed (territorial) reforms in Eastern Germany.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Kuhlmann2021,
  author    = {Kuhlmann, Sabine},
  title     = {Managerial reforms from a comparative perspective},
  series = {A research agenda for regional and local government},
  booktitle = {A research agenda for regional and local government},
  editor    = {Callanan, Mark and Loughlin, John},
  publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
  address   = {Cheltenham, UK},
  isbn      = {978-1-83910-663-7},
  doi       = {10.4337/9781839106644.00013},
  pages     = {111 -- 132},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This chapter analyses managerial reforms at the subnational level of government from a comparative perspective and outlines possible routes for future comparative research. It examines reforms of the external relationships between local governments and private service providers, which were aimed at transforming the organizational macro-setting of local service provision, the task portfolio and functional profile of local governments. The chapter then moves to scrutinizing internal managerial reforms concerned with the modernization of organization and processes and the improvement of management capacities inside local administrations meant to strengthen performance, output- and consumer-orientation in local service delivery. The country sample includes the United Kingdom (England), Sweden, and Germany that represent three distinct types of administrative culture and local government in Europe.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Juchler2021,
  author    = {Juchler, Ingo},
  title     = {Mundus vult decipi},
  series = {Demokratie im Stresstest},
  booktitle = {Demokratie im Stresstest},
  editor    = {Deichmann, Carl and Partetzke, Marc},
  publisher = {Springer VS},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-33076-7},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-658-33077-4_13},
  pages     = {229 -- 247},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Die Menschen glauben, was sie glauben wollen. Betonung auf wollen. (…) Nein, der Glaube der Menschen h{\"a}ngt nicht von Fakten ab, nicht von Beweisen. Schlimmer noch - und das ist fast so etwas wie der zweite Teil der Erleuchtung, eine Steigerung: Man kann ihnen Fakten liefern, man kann sie widerlegen, es hilft nichts. Im Gegenteil, wer etwas glauben will, findet einen Weg! Er wird sich durch den winzigen Spalt quetschen, den die Wahrheit im l{\"a}sst. Wird die Dinge so lange so drehen und wenden, bis sie wieder in seinen Glauben hineinpassen, und seine ganze Klugheit wird ihn nicht etwa daran hindern, sondern ihm noch dabei behilflich sein. Eugen Ruge, Metropol Toren sind, die alles loben und lieben, was im Nebel verdrehter Worte dunkel daherkommt; Toren, die f{\"u}r wahr halten, was ihnen eingef{\"a}rbt durch wohlt{\"o}nende Phrasen, reizvoll die Ohren kitzelt. Lukrez, {\"U}ber die Natur der Dinge},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Juchler2021,
  author    = {Juchler, Ingo},
  title     = {Ein Volkskanzler},
  publisher = {bpb, Bundeszentrale f{\"u}r politische Bildung},
  address   = {Bonn},
  isbn      = {978-3-8389-7228-2},
  pages     = {20},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Wie Grundrechte unter den Augen aller ausgeh{\"o}hlt und umgebaut werden, wie kurz der Weg von der Demokratie zur Diktatur ist, zeigt Maximilian Steinbeis' Gedankenexperiment »Ein Volkskanzler« in sechs Schritten. Auf der Grundlage seines Essays hat er ein Theaterst{\"u}ck verfasst, das bereits auf vielen B{\"u}hnen gespielt und nun auch als Kammerspiel verfilmt wurde. Die didaktische Handreichung unterst{\"u}tzt Lehrerinnen und Lehrer bei der Einbettung des Theaterst{\"u}cks oder der Verfilmung von »Ein Volkskanzler« im Unterricht.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Juchler2021,
  author    = {Juchler, Ingo},
  title     = {Aporien des Rechts},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Menschenrechte},
  volume    = {15},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Menschenrechte},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Wochenschau Verlag},
  address   = {Frankfurt am Main},
  isbn      = {978-3-7344-1405-3},
  issn      = {1864-6492},
  pages     = {196 -- 206},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{KuhlmannHeubergerDumas2021,
  author    = {Kuhlmann, Sabine and Heuberger, Moritz and Dumas, Beno{\^i}t Paul},
  title     = {Kommunale Handlungsf{\"a}higkeit im europ{\"a}ischen Vergleich. Autonomie, Aufgaben und Reformen},
  series = {Modernisierung des {\"o}ffentlichen Sektors},
  volume    = {48},
  journal   = {Modernisierung des {\"o}ffentlichen Sektors},
  number    = {1},
  editor    = {Fleischer, Julia and Kuhlmann, Sabine},
  publisher = {Nomos},
  address   = {Baden-Baden},
  isbn      = {978-3-7489-2330-5},
  issn      = {0945-1072},
  doi       = {10.5771/9783748923305},
  pages     = {9 -- 124},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Angesichts neuer globaler Herausforderungen geh{\"o}rt eine starke kommunale Ebene zu den Grundvoraussetzungen gesellschaftlicher Probleml{\"o}sungsf{\"a}higkeit. Die St{\"a}rkung kommunaler Selbstverwaltung ist daher ein wichtiges institutionen- und verwaltungspolitisches Zukunftsthema, zu welchem die vorliegende Studie einen Beitrag leisten m{\"o}chte.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{JannVeit2021,
  author    = {Jann, Werner and Veit, Sylvia},
  title     = {Politics and Administration in Germany},
  series = {Public Administration in Germany},
  journal   = {Public Administration in Germany},
  publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-53696-1},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-53697-8_10},
  pages     = {145 -- 161},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Although German bureaucracy is typically categorised as Weberian, a clear distinction between politics and administration has never been a defining characteristic of the German political-administrative system. Many close interrelations and interactions between elected politicians and appointed civil servants can be observed at all levels of administration. Higher-ranking civil servants in Germany are used to and generally appreciate the functional politicisation of their jobs, that is their close involvement in all stages of the policy process, from policy formation, goal definition, negotiation within and outside government to the implementation and evaluation of policies. For top positions, therefore, a class of 'political civil servants' is a special feature of the German system, and obtaining 'political craft' has become an important part of the learning and job experience of higher-ranking civil servants.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KuhlmannVeit2021,
  author    = {Kuhlmann, Sabine and Veit, Sylvia},
  title     = {The Federal Ministerial Bureaucracy, the Legislative Process and Better Regulation},
  series = {Public Administration in Germany},
  journal   = {Public Administration in Germany},
  publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-53696-1},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-53697-8_20},
  pages     = {357 -- 373},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Over the last decades, Better Regulation has become a major reform topic at the federal and—in some cases—also at the L{\"a}nder level. Although the debate about improving regulatory quality and reducing unnecessary burdens created by bureaucracy and red tape date back to the 1960s and 1970s, the introduction by law in 2006 of a new independent institutionalised body for regulatory control at the federal level of government has brought a new quality to the discourse and practice of Better Regulation in Germany. This chapter introduces the basic features of the legislative process at the federal level in Germany, addresses the issue of Better Regulation and outlines the role of the National Regulatory Control Council (Nationaler Normenkontrollrat—NKR) as a 'watchdog' for compliance costs, red tape and regulatory impacts.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Stehle2021,
  author    = {Stehle, Fee},
  title     = {Rezension zu: Jordan, Andrew; Huitema, Dave; Asselt Harro van; Foster, Johanna (eds.): Governing climate change: polycentricity in action? - Cambridge ; New York, NY ; Port Melbourne : Cambridge University Press, 2018. - xv, 389 S. - ISBN 978-1-108-41812-6},
  series = {Global environmental politics},
  volume    = {21},
  journal   = {Global environmental politics},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {1536-0091},
  doi       = {10.1162/glep_r_00596},
  pages     = {157 -- 159},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchneiderWalzAlbertetal.2021,
  author    = {Schneider, Philipp and Walz, Ariane and Albert, Christian and Lipp, Torsten},
  title     = {Ecosystem-based adaptation in cities},
  series = {Land use policy},
  volume    = {109},
  journal   = {Land use policy},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0264-8377},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105722},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Extreme weather events like heavy rainfall and heat waves will likely increase in intensity and frequency due to climate change. As the impacts of these extremes are particularly prominent in urban agglomerations, cities face an urgent need to develop adaptation strategies. Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) provides helpful strategies that harness ecological processes in addition to technical interventions. EbA has been addressed in informal adaptation planning. Formal municipality planning, namely landscape planning, is supposed to include traditionally some EbA measures, although adaptation has not been their explicit focus. Our research aims to investigate how landscape plans incorporate climate-related extremes and EbA as well as to discuss the potential to enhance EbA uptake in formal planning. We conducted a document analysis of informal planning documents from 85 German cities and the analysis of formal landscape plans of 61 of these cities. The results suggest that city size does affect the extent of informal planning instruments and the comprehensiveness of formal landscape plans. Climate-related extremes and EbA measures have traditionally been part of landscape planning. Almost all landscape plans address heat stress, while climate change and heavy rain have been addressed less often, though more frequently since 2008. Greening of walls and roofs, on-site infiltration and water retention reveal significant potential for better integration in landscape plans. Landscape planning offers an entry point for effective climate adaptation through EbA in cities. Informal and formal planning instruments should be closely combined for robust, spatially explicit, legally binding implementation of EbA measures in the future.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Juchler2021,
  author    = {Juchler, Ingo},
  title     = {Rezension zu: Pelluchon, Corine: Manifest f{\"u}r die Tiere. - M{\"u}nchen: C.H. Beck Verlag, 2020. - 125 S. - ISBN: 978-3-406-75709-9},
  series = {Forum Politikunterricht},
  journal   = {Forum Politikunterricht},
  number    = {1-2},
  publisher = {Deutsche Vereinigung f{\"u}r Politische Bildung, Landesverband Bayern},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  issn      = {0941-5874},
  pages     = {2},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Heinzel2021,
  author    = {Heinzel, Mirko Noa},
  title     = {World Bank staff and project implementation},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AckfeldRohloffRzepka2021,
  author    = {Ackfeld, Viola and Rohloff, Tobias and Rzepka, Sylvi},
  title     = {Increasing personal data contributions for the greater public good},
  series = {Behavioural public policy},
  journal   = {Behavioural public policy},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {2398-063X},
  doi       = {10.1017/bpp.2021.39},
  pages     = {1 -- 27},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Personal data increasingly serve as inputs to public goods. Like other types of contributions to public goods, personal data are likely to be underprovided. We investigate whether classical remedies to underprovision are also applicable to personal data and whether the privacy-sensitive nature of personal data must be additionally accounted for. In a randomized field experiment on a public online education platform, we prompt users to complete their profiles with personal information. Compared to a control message, we find that making public benefits salient increases the number of personal data contributions significantly. This effect is even stronger when additionally emphasizing privacy protection, especially for sensitive information. Our results further suggest that emphasis on both public benefits and privacy protection attracts personal data from a more diverse set of contributors.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SoergelKrieglerBodirskyetal.2021,
  author    = {Soergel, Bjoern and Kriegler, Elmar and Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon and Bauer, Nico and Leimbach, Marian and Popp, Alexander},
  title     = {Combining ambitious climate policies with efforts to eradicate poverty},
  series = {Nature Communications},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Nature Communications},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {2041-1723},
  doi       = {10.1038/s41467-021-22315-9},
  pages     = {12},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Climate change threatens to undermine efforts to eradicate extreme poverty. However, climate policies could impose a financial burden on the global poor through increased energy and food prices. Here, we project poverty rates until 2050 and assess how they are influenced by mitigation policies consistent with the 1.5 degrees C target. A continuation of historical trends will leave 350 million people globally in extreme poverty by 2030. Without progressive redistribution, climate policies would push an additional 50 million people into poverty. However, redistributing the national carbon pricing revenues domestically as an equal-per-capita climate dividend compensates this policy side effect, even leading to a small net reduction of the global poverty headcount (-6 million). An additional international climate finance scheme enables a substantial poverty reduction globally and also in Sub-Saharan Africa. Combining national redistribution with international climate finance thus provides an important entry point to climate policy in developing countries. Ambitious climate policies can negatively impact the global poor by affecting income, food and energy prices. Here, the authors quantify this effect, and show that it can be compensated by national redistribution of the carbon pricing revenues in combination with international climate finance.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Bruening2021,
  author    = {Br{\"u}ning, Christina},
  title     = {Wider den Missbrauch von Beutelsbach},
  series = {D{\"u}rfen Lehrer ihre Meinung sagen?},
  booktitle = {D{\"u}rfen Lehrer ihre Meinung sagen?},
  editor    = {Drerup, Johannes and Zulaica y Mugica, Miguel and Yacek, Douglas},
  edition   = {1. Auflage},
  publisher = {Verlag W. Kohlhammer},
  address   = {Stuttgart},
  isbn      = {978-3-17-039884-9},
  doi       = {10.17433/978-3-17-039883-2},
  pages     = {173 -- 187},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Botsch2021,
  author    = {Botsch, Gideon},
  title     = {Taking nativism to the streets},
  series = {Moving the social},
  volume    = {66},
  journal   = {Moving the social},
  publisher = {Institute for Social Movements},
  address   = {Bochum},
  isbn      = {978-3-8375-2491-8},
  issn      = {2197-0386},
  doi       = {10.46586/mts.66.2021.43-62},
  pages     = {43 -- 62},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In this article, I give an overview on nativist street protests in Germany from the early nineteenth century to the present from an historical perspective. In a preliminary re-mark, I will reflect on some recent developments in Germany, where nativist protest campaigns against immigration took place in the streets when voters were turning towards the populist radical right party Alternative f{\"u}r Deutschland (AfD). In the first section, I will outline an older tradition of anti-immigration protest in nineteenth and early twentieth century Germany, which is closely connected to modern antisemitism. In sections two and three, I will retrace how, from the late 1960s onward, the far right in the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) discovered concerns about immigra-tion in the German population, addressed them in protest campaigns and developed narratives to integrate such sentiments into a broader right-wing extremist ideology, itself deeply rooted in antisemitism. Studying nativism and the radical right from an actor-oriented perspective, I will focus on traditionalist movements, including the Nationaldemokratische Partei Deutschlands (NPD) and neo-Nazi groups.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Botsch2021,
  author    = {Botsch, Gideon},
  title     = {Ein nach rechts verzerrtes Bild?},
  series = {Neue Kriminalpolitik},
  volume    = {33},
  journal   = {Neue Kriminalpolitik},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Nomos},
  address   = {Baden-Baden},
  issn      = {0934-9200},
  doi       = {10.5771/0934-9200-2021-4-456},
  pages     = {456 -- 473},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Dannemann2021,
  author    = {Dannemann, Udo},
  title     = {Neoliberale Subjektivierung verstehen},
  series = {Wirtschaft, Gesellschaft und Politik},
  booktitle = {Wirtschaft, Gesellschaft und Politik},
  editor    = {Fridrich, Christian and Hagedorn, Udo and Hedtke, Reinhold and Mittnik, Philipp and Tafner, Georg},
  publisher = {Springer Fachmedien},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-32909-9},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-658-32910-5_10},
  pages     = {241 -- 262},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Der homo oeconomicus als einziges Leitbild der Gesellschaft - Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt die Frage, wie ein Verst{\"a}ndnis der neoliberalen Subjektivierung als Grundlage f{\"u}r die sozio{\"o}konomische Bildung dienen kann, um einer Entwicklung zu einer marktkonformen Demokratie entgegenzuwirken. Ausgehend von Foucaults Vorlesungen zur Biopolitik und Browns aktueller Analyse zum Neoliberalismus wird ein soziologischer Erkl{\"a}rungsansatz formuliert, der das Menschenbild des homo oeconomicus als strukturelles Element unserer Gesellschaft begreift. Mit Bezug auf die besondere Rolle der neoliberalen Rationalit{\"a}t erl{\"a}utert der Beitrag Sichtweisen, die in dieser Entwicklung ein Ende der liberal-demokratischen Ordnung sehen. Im zweiten Teil wird im Sinne der immanenten Kritik eine ideologiekritische Analysekompetenz skizziert, welche die soziale Wirklichkeit mithilfe von Schl{\"u}sselproblemen an eine gesellschaftskritische Perspektive koppelt. Ziel ist es, exemplarisch „gesellschaftliche Ordnungsgrundlagen" (Salomon 2014) herauszufordern, um letztlich das {\"u}bergeordnete Ziel einer M{\"u}ndigkeit der Subjekte zu erreichen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{BotschSchulze2021,
  author    = {Botsch, Gideon and Schulze, Christoph},
  title     = {Vorwort},
  series = {Rechtsparteien in Brandenburg},
  booktitle = {Rechtsparteien in Brandenburg},
  editor    = {Botsch, Gideon and Schulze, Christoph},
  publisher = {be.bra wissenschaft verlag},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {9783947686476},
  pages     = {7 -- 21},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Botsch2021,
  author    = {Botsch, Gideon},
  title     = {Deutsche B{\"u}rger},
  series = {Rechtsparteien in Brandenburg},
  booktitle = {Rechtsparteien in Brandenburg},
  editor    = {Botsch, Gideon and Schulze, Christoph},
  publisher = {be.bra wissenschaft verlag},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {9783947686476},
  pages     = {187 -- 216},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{SteckerKachelPaasch2021,
  author    = {Stecker, Christian and Kachel, Jannis and Paasch, Jana},
  title     = {Muster der Landesgesetzgebung},
  series = {Politische Vierteljahresschrift : PVS : German political science quarterly / hrsg. vom Vorstand der Deutschen Vereinigung f{\"u}r Politikwissenschaft},
  volume    = {62},
  journal   = {Politische Vierteljahresschrift : PVS : German political science quarterly / hrsg. vom Vorstand der Deutschen Vereinigung f{\"u}r Politikwissenschaft},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Springer VS},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  issn      = {0032-3470},
  doi       = {10.1007/s11615-021-00307-0},
  pages     = {307 -- 324},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This research note presents the first systematic documentation of the legislative process in the German state parliaments. The data set comprises 16,610 bills between 1990 and 2020. After a description of the data, we provide illustrative insights into the patterns of law-making. It is shown that these patterns are dominated by the new dualism between government and opposition. Furthermore, the incentives of issue competition are clearly present in the legislative initiatives. There is no evidence, however, for the expectation that intracoalitional policy distance prolongs the duration of legislative procedures. The published data provides scholars with the opportunity to investigate various additional research questions.},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Juchler2021,
  author    = {Juchler, Ingo},
  title     = {Außerschulische Lernorte, Narrationen und Theater},
  series = {Deutsche Demokratiegeschichte II},
  booktitle = {Deutsche Demokratiegeschichte II},
  editor    = {L{\"u}dicke, Lars},
  publisher = {be.bra wissenschaft},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-95410-282-2},
  pages     = {45 -- 55},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Juchler2021,
  author    = {Juchler, Ingo},
  title     = {Groteske und Satire im DDR-Roman als didaktische Momente in der politischen Bildung},
  series = {Politik in der Kunst - Kunst in der Politik},
  booktitle = {Politik in der Kunst - Kunst in der Politik},
  editor    = {Goll, Thomas and Friedrichs, Werner},
  publisher = {Springer VS},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-33763-6},
  issn      = {2570-2114},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-658-33763-6_3},
  pages     = {35 -- 49},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Ingo Juchler setzt sich am Beispiel des Romans „Am k{\"u}rzeren Ende der Sonnenallee" (1999) von Thomas Brussig mit „Groteske und Satire im DDR-Roman als didaktische Momente in der politischen Bildung" auseinander. Nach der Einf{\"u}hrung in den Roman er{\"o}rtert er dessen politischen Sinngehalt, den er in der Auseinandersetzung mit den literarischen Leitfiguren des Romans, Friedrich Schiller und Jean-Paul Sartre, im besonderen Wert der Freiheit findet. Den Toten der Berliner Mauer, die davon Zeugnis geben, setzt Juchler im abschließenden Kapitel ein Denkmal.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schweiger2021,
  author    = {Schweiger, Stefan},
  title     = {Erz{\"a}hlungen der Energiewende - Sozialwissenschaftliche Erz{\"a}hlforschung als Methodik nachhaltigkeitsorientierter Politikwissenschaft},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {261},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Die Erz{\"a}hlungen der Energiewende: Erz{\"a}hlungen beherrschen die Interpretation des politischen Geschehens mehr als formal und methodisch strenge Argumentationsketten. Dies gilt insbesondere f{\"u}r Demokratien. In Demokratien gilt es zu {\"u}berzeugen und auch zu {\"u}berreden, um Macht zu erhalten, Macht zu sichern oder Akzeptanz f{\"u}r bestimmte politische Vorhaben zu generieren. Diese simple Feststellung l{\"a}sst zwei Schl{\"u}sse f{\"u}r eine transformativ ausgerichtete Politikwissenschaft zu. Erstens k{\"o}nnen transformative Narrative produziert werden, die das Auftreten von {\"o}kologisch, sozial, {\"o}konomisch und kulturell nachhaltigem wahrscheinlicher machen, Zweitens k{\"o}nnen die Narrative von nachhaltiger wie nicht-nachhaltiger Transformation analysiert werden. Beiden Aufgaben widmet sich die Dissertationsschrift. Dabei werden f{\"u}r den transformativen Teil ethnografisch erhobene Daten zu f{\"u}nf transformativen Narrativen verdichtet, die Vorw{\"a}rts- und Vorbildcharakter haben. In den f{\"u}nf Aufs{\"a}tzen wurde auf Diversit{\"a}t zwischen den beschriebenen Protagonisten geachtet, sodass eine breite Leser*innenschaft angesprochen wird. Im analytischen Part wird in einem Aufsatz {\"u}ber diese Vorgehen reflektiert und die Form beschrieben durch die transformative Narrative Wirksamkeit entfalten. Dabei gilt immer, dass die Wissenschaft keine Narrative selbst setzt, sondern mittels nachvollziehbarer Methoden Daten zum Sprechen bringt. Dies ist unter review-Bedingungen gelungen. Neben eines Einsatz von Narrativen in Fragen der Gestaltung der neu entstandenen und weiter entstehenden Energielandschaften behandelt diese Dissertationsschrift a, diskursstrangorientierte als auch institutionsorientierte Erz{\"a}hlungen {\"u}ber die Energiewende. Dabei wurden diskursstrangorientiert die unterschiedlichen Erz{\"a}hlungen der und {\"u}ber energieintensive Unternehmen bez{\"u}glich der EEG-Umlage untersucht und kategorisiert und die Metaphern der Energiewende im Magazin DER SPIEGEL erhoben und analysiert. Institutionsorientiert wurde die Energiewendeerz{\"a}hlung der Partei `Alternative f{\"u}r Deutschland´, die Bildsprache des Wirtschaftsministeriums an Hand eines Beispiels sowie die Nachhaltigkeitserz{\"a}hlungen der Zukunftsinstitut GmbH. Schließlich wird nach messbaren Folgen des Nachhaltigkeitsnarrativs in drei Regionen des Rhein-Maas-Gebiets gefragt, was die Arbeit abrunden soll.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Schuppert2021,
  author    = {Schuppert, Fabian},
  title     = {Zur Auferlegung systemischer Finanzrisiken},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r politische Theorie},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r politische Theorie},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Barbara Budrich},
  address   = {Leverkusen-Opladen},
  issn      = {1869-3016},
  doi       = {10.3224/zpth.v12i1.05},
  pages     = {67 -- 83},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Obwohl seit der Finanzkrise 2008 systemische Finanzrisiken das Objekt zahlreicher wissenschaftlicher Studien waren, hat die Frage, unter welchen Bedingungen und Umst{\"a}nden die Auferlegung eines systemischen Finanzrisikos moralisch unzul{\"a}ssig ist, bisher kaum Beachtung gefunden. Ziel dieses Aufsatzes ist es, eine Reihe von normativen Kriterien f{\"u}r die Einsch{\"a}tzung der moralischen Unzul{\"a}ssigkeit von systemischen Risiken zu entwickeln. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus wird argumentiert, dass staatliche und andere relevante Institutionen zwei zentrale Pflichten hinsichtlich des Umgangs mit systemischen Finanzrisiken haben: eine Schutzpflicht gegen{\"u}ber allen B{\"u}rger*innen und eine Sorgfaltspflicht, um die diesen Institutionen obliegenden Kontroll- und Aufsichtsfunktionen verantwortungsvoll auszu{\"u}ben.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{SommererSquatritoTallbergetal.2021,
  author    = {Sommerer, Thomas and Squatrito, Theresa and Tallberg, Jonas and Lundgren, Magnus},
  title     = {Decision-making in international organizations},
  series = {The review of international organizations},
  volume    = {17},
  journal   = {The review of international organizations},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Boston},
  issn      = {1559-7431},
  doi       = {10.1007/s11558-021-09445-x},
  pages     = {815 -- 845},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {International organizations (IOs) experience significant variation in their decision-making performance, or the extent to which they produce policy output. While some IOs are efficient decision-making machineries, others are plagued by deadlock. How can such variation be explained? Examining this question, the article makes three central contributions. First, we approach performance by looking at IO decision-making in terms of policy output and introduce an original measure of decision-making performance that captures annual growth rates in IO output. Second, we offer a novel theoretical explanation for decision-making performance. This account highlights the role of institutional design, pointing to how majoritarian decision rules, delegation of authority to supranational institutions, and access for transnational actors (TNAs) interact to affect decision-making. Third, we offer the first comparative assessment of the decision-making performance of IOs. While previous literature addresses single IOs, we explore decision-making across a broad spectrum of 30 IOs from 1980 to 2011. Our analysis indicates that IO decision-making performance varies across and within IOs. We find broad support for our theoretical account, showing the combined effect of institutional design features in shaping decision-making performance. Notably, TNA access has a positive effect on decision-making performance when pooling is greater, and delegation has a positive effect when TNA access is higher. We also find that pooling has an independent, positive effect on decision-making performance. All-in-all, these findings suggest that the institutional design of IOs matters for their decision-making performance, primarily in more complex ways than expected in earlier research.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{GirnusNaumannDannemannetal.2021,
  author    = {Girnus, Luisa and Naumann, Rosemarie and Dannemann, Udo and Droll, Max and Brandenburg, DVPB},
  title     = {Politische Bildung als Herausforderung - 30 Jahre Partnerschaft der DVPB-Landesverb{\"a}nde in Brandenburg und NRW},
  series = {Politisches Lernen},
  volume    = {39},
  journal   = {Politisches Lernen},
  number    = {3-4},
  publisher = {Verlag Barbara Budrich},
  address   = {Leverkusen-Opladen},
  issn      = {0937-2946},
  pages     = {61 -- 61},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Ganghof2021,
  author    = {Ganghof, Steffen},
  title     = {Beyond Presidentialism and Parliamentarism},
  series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  isbn      = {978-0-19-289714-5},
  issn      = {1867-5808},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-53783},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-537839},
  pages     = {199},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In a democracy, a constitutional separation of powers between the executive and the assembly may be desirable, but the constitutional concentration of executive power in a single human being is not. The book defends this thesis and explores 'semi-parliamentary government' as an alternative to presidential government. Semi-parliamentarism avoids power concentration in one person by shifting the separation of powers into the democratic assembly. The executive becomes fused with only one part of the assembly, even though the other part has at least equal democratic legitimacy and robust veto power on ordinary legislation. The book identifies the Australian Commonwealth and Japan, as well as the Australian states of New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, and Western Australia, as semi-parliamentary systems. Using data from 23 countries and 6 Australian states, it maps how parliamentary and semi-parliamentary systems balance competing visions of democracy; it analyzes patterns of electoral and party systems, cabinet formation, legislative coalition-building, and constitutional reforms; it systematically compares the semi-parliamentary and presidential separation of powers; and it develops new and innovative semi-parliamentary designs, some of which do not require two separate chambers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Botsch2021,
  author    = {Botsch, Gideon},
  title     = {Der rekonstruktive Nationalismus und die Demokratie},
  series = {Kann es demokratischen Nationalismus geben?},
  booktitle = {Kann es demokratischen Nationalismus geben?},
  editor    = {Jansen, Christian and Zepp, Marianne},
  publisher = {wbg Academic},
  address   = {Darmstadt},
  isbn      = {978-3-534-40501-5},
  pages     = {87 -- 116},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kleinwaechter2021,
  author    = {Kleinw{\"a}chter, Lutz},
  title     = {Strategischer Faktor Weltraum},
  series = {Welttrends : das außenpolitische Journal},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {Welttrends : das außenpolitische Journal},
  number    = {178},
  publisher = {WeltTrends},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-947802-65-4},
  issn      = {0944-8101},
  pages     = {36 -- 41},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{CaliendoTuebbicke2021,
  author    = {Caliendo, Marco and T{\"u}bbicke, Stefan},
  title     = {Design and effectiveness of start-up subsidies},
  series = {Economic analysis and policy},
  volume    = {70},
  journal   = {Economic analysis and policy},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0313-5926},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.eap.2021.02.015},
  pages     = {333 -- 340},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {While a growing body of literature finds positive impacts of Start-Up Subsidies (SUS) on labor market outcomes of participants, little is known about how the design of these programs shapes their effectiveness and hence how to improve policy. As experimental variation in program design is unavailable, we exploit the 2011 reform of the current German SUS program for the unemployed which strengthened caseworkers' discretionary power, increased entry requirements and reduced monetary support. We estimate the impact of the reform on the program's effectiveness using samples of participants and non-participants from before and after the reform. To control for time-constant unobserved heterogeneity as well as differential selection patterns based on observable characteristics over time, we combine Difference-in-Differences with inverse probability weighting using covariate balancing propensity scores. Holding participants' observed characteristics as well as macroeconomic conditions constant, the results suggest that the reform was successful in raising employment effects on average. As these findings may be contaminated by changes in selection patterns based on unobserved characteristics, we assess our results using simulation-based sensitivity analyses and find that our estimates are highly robust to changes in unobserved characteristics. Hence, the reform most likely had a positive impact on the effectiveness of the program, suggesting that increasing entry requirements and reducing support increased the program's impacts while reducing the cost per participant. (C) 2021 Economic Society of Australia, Queensland. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HaenelBratu2021,
  author    = {H{\"a}nel, Hilkje Charlotte and Bratu, Christine},
  title     = {Varieties of hermeneutical injustice},
  series = {Moral philosophy and politics},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Moral philosophy and politics},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {de Gruyter},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {2194-5616},
  doi       = {10.1515/mopp-2020-0007},
  pages     = {331 -- 350},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In this paper, we have two goals. First, we argue for a blueprint for hermeneutical injustice that allows us to schematize existing and discover new varieties of hermeneutical injustices. The underlying insight is that Fricker provides both a general concept of hermeneutical injustice and a specific conception thereof. By distinguishing between the general concept and its specific conceptions, we gain a fruitful tool to detect such injustices in our everyday lives. Second, we use this blueprint to provide a further example of hermeneutical injustice that draws our attention to yet another distinction: Some hermeneutical injustices result from a lack or distortion in the collective conceptual resource and some are due to problems in the application of existing concepts. We argue that to combat hermeneutical injustices, we have to make sure not only that individuals have accurate concepts at their disposal but that they have the capabilities to use these concepts adequately.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Haessler2021,
  author    = {H{\"a}ßler, Marcel},
  title     = {Die Polizei aus Sicht afghanischer Polizisten},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {422},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Buss2021,
  author    = {Buss, Martin},
  title     = {The dark side of visionary leadership},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BuenningHipp2021,
  author    = {B{\"u}nning, Mareike and Hipp, Lena},
  title     = {Geschlechterungleichheiten im Arbeitsleben und subjektiven Wohlbefinden von Erwerbst{\"a}tigen w{\"a}hrend der COVID-19-Pandemie},
  series = {Sozialer Fortschritt},
  volume    = {70},
  journal   = {Sozialer Fortschritt},
  number    = {5-6},
  publisher = {Duncker \& Humblot},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0038-609X},
  doi       = {10.3790/sfo.70.5-6.293},
  pages     = {293 -- 315},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Wie hat sich die COVID-19 Pandemie auf geschlechtsspezifische Ungleichheiten im Arbeitsleben und dem subjektiven Wohlbefinden Erwerbst{\"a}tiger ausgewirkt? Zur Beantwortung dieser Frage analysiert dieser Beitrag drei Wellen einer nicht zufallsbasierten Onlinestichprobe f{\"u}r den Zeitraum Mitte M{\"a}rz bis Anfang August 2020 und umfassen damit den Zeitraum des ersten Lockdowns. Die Ergebnisse unserer multivariaten Analysen zeigen: Frauen, Eltern und insbesondere M{\"u}tter waren {\"u}berdurchschnittlich von Arbeitszeitreduzierungen betroffen. Bei der Wahrscheinlichkeit im Homeoffice zu arbeiten gab es nur geringf{\"u}gige Unterschiede nach Geschlecht und Familiensituation. Die Zufriedenheit mit der Arbeit, dem Familienleben und dem Leben insgesamt ging bei Frauen, Eltern und insbesondere M{\"u}ttern {\"u}berproportional stark zur{\"u}ck. Die beobachteten Unterschiede verringern sich gegen Ende des Lockdowns wieder, jedoch unterschiedlich stark f{\"u}r die einzelnen Ergebnisdimensionen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{ThielePruin2021,
  author    = {Thiele, Lukas and Pruin, Andree},
  title     = {Does large-scale digital collaboration contribute to crisis management?},
  series = {der moderne staat - Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Public Policy, Recht und Management},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {der moderne staat - Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Public Policy, Recht und Management},
  number    = {2-2021},
  publisher = {Verlag Barbara Budrich},
  address   = {Leverkusen-Opladen},
  issn      = {1865-7192},
  doi       = {10.3224/dms.v14i2.07},
  pages     = {334 -- 350},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In recent years, collaborative approaches to crisis management involving citizens have gained increasing attention. One example is the \#WirVsVirus hackathon, which was conducted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and had over 28,000 participants. Because research on large-scale, digital collaboration in crisis situations is scarce, consequences of their use in crisis management remain unclear. This article relies on the open governance paradigm as a lens for studying two projects emerging from the hackathon. Based on nine qualitative expert interviews, we ask how digital open governance affects governance capacity and legitimacy in crisis management. Our findings suggest that digital open governance can contribute to governance capacity and legitimacy, as it mobilises large, diverse groups of citizens to quickly develop citizen-centric, ready-to-use solutions for crisisrelated problems. However, we also identified potential problems, including risks regarding legitimacy and accountability, difficulties with scalable solutions, and questionable long-term impacts.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Doerfler2021,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {D{\"o}rfler, Thomas},
  title     = {Interface challenges of UN sanctions with forums of export control},
  series = {International sanctions: improving implementation through better interface management},
  journal   = {International sanctions: improving implementation through better interface management},
  editor    = {Lohmann, Sascha and Vorrath, Judith},
  publisher = {Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik},
  address   = {Berlin},
  pages     = {23 -- 31},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{DebreDijkstra2021,
  author    = {Debre, Maria Josepha and Dijkstra, Hylke},
  title     = {Immune to COVID?},
  publisher = {London School of Economics and Political Science},
  address   = {London},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Dumas2021,
  author    = {Dumas, Beno{\^i}t Paul},
  title     = {Reforms of school supervision in the German L{\"a}nder},
  series = {The future of local self-government},
  booktitle = {The future of local self-government},
  editor    = {Bergstr{\"o}m, Tomas and Franzke, Jochen and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Wayenberg, Ellen},
  publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-56058-4},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-56059-1_19},
  pages     = {257 -- 273},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {While school supervision structures in the German L{\"a}nder were extensively reformed during the last decades, systematic analyses of these reforms are missing. This chapter contributes to this research gap by providing an overview of the implemented reforms of school supervision structures in the German L{\"a}nder. The effects of these reforms are analysed in order to answer the question of whether a convergence of school supervision systems is a result of these reforms. In a first step, a distinction is made to identify system-changing reforms. Although a decrease of the number or a concentration on one school supervision system is not a result of the analysis, it is argued that there is a convergence of school supervision structures, as a clear trend against school supervision systems with lower school supervisory boards can be observed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{OPUS4-52784,
  title     = {Klimaschutz},
  series = {Schriftenreihen ; Band 10672},
  journal   = {Schriftenreihen ; Band 10672},
  editor    = {Nanz, Patrizia and Lawrence, Mark and Renn, Ortwin and Meyer, Jakob},
  publisher = {bpb, Bundeszentrale f{\"u}r politische Bildung},
  address   = {Bonn},
  isbn      = {978-3-7425-0672-6},
  pages     = {192},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Franzke2021,
  author    = {Franzke, Jochen},
  title     = {Das Zusammenwirken der Ortsbeir{\"a}te mit der Stadtverwaltung und der Stadtverordnetenversammlung},
  editor    = {Landeshauptstadt Potsdam, Oberb{\"u}rgermeister},
  publisher = {Landeshauptstadt Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  pages     = {27},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Kiefer2021,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Kiefer, Farina},
  title     = {‚Wir' und ‚die Anderen' - Konstruktionen des Liberalismus und ihre Wirkungen auf die Politik der Europ{\"a}ischen Union},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-51597},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-515975},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {ii, 90, XLIV},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Die aktuelle Politik der Europ{\"a}ischen Union hat im Umgang mit fl{\"u}chtenden Menschen das Mittelmeer in ein Massengrab verwandelt. Dass auch im Jahr 2021 t{\"a}glich Menschen an den EU-Außengrenzen sterben h{\"a}ngt dabei mit dem Ausbau von Sicherheitsmechanismen zum Zweck eines verst{\"a}rkten Grenzschutzes zusammen. Durch Sicherheitsmechanismen wie bspw. den Ausbau von Frontex und die elektronische Erfassung von Ein- und Ausreisedaten schottet sich die EU dabei immer weiter ab w{\"a}hrend gleichzeitig die Thematik der Flucht und Migration eine zunehmende ‚Versicherheitlichung' erf{\"a}hrt. Die vorliegende Arbeit geht davon aus, dass die Grundz{\"u}ge der Versicherheitlichung von Flucht und Migration bereits im liberalen Staatsverst{\"a}ndnis der EU angelegt sind. Mithilfe einer foucaultschen Diskursanalyse hinterfragt die Arbeit daher die historisch entstandenen und im Liberalismus inbegriffenen Vorannahmen {\"u}ber nicht-europ{\"a}ische Menschen und deren Fortentwicklung in die heutigen Politiken der EU. Dabei geht die Arbeit einerseits der Frage nach, wie sich die zunehmende Versicherheitlichung der Migration und der damit verbundene Umgang mit Nicht-Europ{\"a}er*innen an den EU-Außengrenzen erkl{\"a}ren l{\"a}sst. Vertieft wird gefragt, inwieweit sich die konstruierten Wissensmuster {\"u}ber das europ{\"a}ische ‚wir' und die nicht-europ{\"a}ischen ‚Anderen' aus dem Liberalismus in der heutigen EU-Politik wiederfinden. Auf Basis der Werke Michel Foucaults f{\"u}hrt die Arbeit in die Entwicklung liberaler Staatlichkeit seit dem 17. Jahrhundert ein. Erg{\"a}nzt werden diese Darstellungen um eine postkoloniale Perspektive, die eine Darstellung des liberalen Denkens {\"u}ber das europ{\"a}ische ‚Außen' vermittelt. Gemeinsam legen diese beiden Perspektiven die Strukturen liberalen Denkens offen, die im sp{\"a}teren Verlauf der Analyse in aktuellen EU-Dokumenten wiedererkannt werden. Als Analysedokumente dienen dabei sechs von der EU ver{\"o}ffentlichte Agenden, Verordnungen und Strategien, die die thematische Schnittstelle zwischen Sicherheit und Migration umfassen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich ein ‚Othering' - die historisch entstandene Gruppenbildung des homogen begriffenen europ{\"a}ischen ‚Wirs' gegen{\"u}ber den nicht-europ{\"a}ischen ‚Anderen' - in der heutigen Politik der EU an deren Außengrenzen reproduziert. Das im 17. Jahrhundert entstandene Sicherheitsdenken des liberalen Staates wird {\"u}ber die Reproduktion bestimmter Wissensmuster in Form von ‚Stories' auf die heutigen EU-Außengrenzen {\"u}bertragen. Nach ‚innen' handelt die EU dabei nach einem Grundsatz der ‚gemeinsamen St{\"a}rke' der europ{\"a}ischen Staaten bzw. der EU-Mitgliedstaaten, w{\"a}hrend nach ‚außen' eine zweckrationale Kooperation mit Drittstaaten verfolgt wird. Statt um die Wahrung von Menschenleben geht es damals wie heute v.a. um den Vorteil Europas bzw. der EU. Von diesen Ergebnissen ausgehend wird die Zunahme der Versicherheitlichung von Flucht und Migration an den EU-Außengrenzen durch die Reproduktion des geschichtlich entstandenen Sicherheitsdenkens erkl{\"a}rt.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KuhlmannHellstromRambergetal.2021,
  author    = {Kuhlmann, Sabine and Hellstrom, Mikael and Ramberg, Ulf and Reiter, Renate},
  title     = {Tracing divergence in crisis governance},
  series = {International review of administrative sciences : an international journal of comparative public administration},
  volume    = {87},
  journal   = {International review of administrative sciences : an international journal of comparative public administration},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Sage Publ.},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {0020-8523},
  doi       = {10.1177/0020852320979359},
  pages     = {556 -- 575},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This cross-country comparison of administrative responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in France, Germany and Sweden is aimed at exploring how institutional contexts and administrative cultures have shaped strategies of problem-solving and governance modes during the pandemic, and to what extent the crisis has been used for opportunity management. The article shows that in France, the central government reacted determinedly and hierarchically, with tough containment measures. By contrast, the response in Germany was characterized by an initial bottom-up approach that gave way to remarkable federal unity in the further course of the crisis, followed again by a return to regional variance and local discretion. In Sweden, there was a continuation of 'normal governance' and a strategy of relying on voluntary compliance largely based on recommendations and less - as in Germany and France - on a strategy of imposing legally binding regulations. The comparative analysis also reveals that relevant stakeholders in all three countries have used the crisis as an opportunity for changes in the institutional settings and administrative procedures. Points for practitioners COVID-19 has shown that national political and administrative standard operating procedures in preparation for crises are, at best, partially helpful. Notwithstanding the fact that dealing with the unpredictable is a necessary part of crisis management, a need to further improve the institutional preparedness for pandemic crises in all three countries examined here has also become clear. This should be done particularly by way of shifting resources to the health and care sectors, strengthening the decentralized management of health emergencies, stocking and/or self-producing protection material, assessing the effects of crisis measures, and opening the scientific discourse to broader arenas of experts.},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{OPUS4-50121,
  title     = {Public Administration in Germany},
  series = {Governance and Public Management},
  journal   = {Governance and Public Management},
  editor    = {Kuhlmann, Sabine and Proeller, Isabella and Schimanke, Dieter and Ziekow, Jan},
  publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-53696-1},
  issn      = {2524-728X},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-53697-8},
  pages     = {XXIV, 416},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This open access book presents a topical, comprehensive and differentiated analysis of Germany's public administration and reforms. It provides an overview on key elements of German public administration at the federal, L{\"a}nder and local levels of government as well as on current reform activities of the public sector. It examines the key institutional features of German public administration; the changing relationships between public administration, society and the private sector; the administrative reforms at different levels of the federal system and numerous sectors; and new challenges and modernization approaches like digitalization, Open Government and Better Regulation. Each chapter offers a combination of descriptive information and problem-oriented analysis, presenting key topical issues in Germany which are relevant to an international readership.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KuhlmannProellerSchiemankeetal.2021,
  author    = {Kuhlmann, Sabine and Proeller, Isabella and Schiemanke, Dieter and Ziekow, Jan},
  title     = {German Public Administration},
  series = {Public Administration in Germany},
  journal   = {Public Administration in Germany},
  publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-53696-1},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-53697-8_1},
  pages     = {1 -- 13},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The international community of public administration and administrative sciences shows a great interest in the basic features of the German administrative system. The German public administration with its formative decentralisation (called: administrative federalism) is regarded as a prime example of multilevel governance and strong local self-government. Furthermore, over the past decades, the traditional profile of the German administrative system has significantly been reshaped and remoulded through reforms, processes of modernisation and the transformation process in East Germany. Studies on the German administrative system should focus especially on key institutional features of public administration; changing relationships between public administration, society and the private sector; administrative reforms at different levels of the federal system; and new challenges and modernisation approaches, such as digitalisation, open government and better regulation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ProellerSiegel2021,
  author    = {Proeller, Isabella and Siegel, John},
  title     = {Public Management Reforms in Germany},
  series = {Public Administration in Germany},
  journal   = {Public Administration in Germany},
  publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-53696-1},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-53697-8_22},
  pages     = {393 -- 410},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This chapter describes the most prominent public management reform trajectories in German public administration over the past decades since unification. In the 1990s, the New Steering Model emerged as a German variant of the NPM. Since the mid-2000s, local governments in Germany have been subjected to a mandatory reform of their budgeting and accounting system known as the New Municipal Financial Management reforms. Both reforms have led to a substantial change in terms of internal decentralisation, customer orientation, transparency in resource use and the financial situation of administrative bodies. But the emerging reform patterns and their impacts have not replaced the dominance of a strong legalist culture with hierarchical, centralised control. However, in the course of the reforms, a citizen-customer perspective, more participation of citizens and limited application of new management instruments have been accommodated within the persisting bureaucratic system.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SiegelProeller2021,
  author    = {Siegel, John and Proeller, Isabella},
  title     = {Human Resource Management in German Public Administration},
  series = {Public Administration in Germany},
  journal   = {Public Administration in Germany},
  publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-53696-1},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-53697-8_21},
  pages     = {375 -- 391},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Human resource management (HRM) reform has not been the focus of attention in Germany despite its obvious relevance for effective policy implementation. Although there is a general trend worldwide towards convergence between public and private HRM strategies and practices, management of the workforce in German public administration still remains largely traditional and bureaucratic. This chapter describes and analyses German practices regarding the central functions and elements of HRM such as planning, recruitment, training and leadership. Furthermore, it explores the importance and contribution of public service motivation, performance-related pay and diversity management in the context of German practices. The chapter concludes by highlighting some of the major paradoxes of German public HRM in light of current challenges, such as demographic change, digital transformation and organisational development capabilities.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Rothermel2021,
  author    = {Rothermel, Ann-Kathrin},
  title     = {Gender at the crossroads},
  series = {Critical studies on terrorism},
  volume    = {15},
  journal   = {Critical studies on terrorism},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group},
  address   = {London [u.a.]},
  issn      = {1753-9153},
  doi       = {10.1080/17539153.2021.1969061},
  pages     = {533 -- 558},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Since the early 2000s, the United Nations (UN) global counterterrorism architecture has seen significant changes towards increased multilateralism, a focus on prevention, and inter-institutional coordination across the UN's three pillars of work. Throughout this reform process, gender aspects have increasingly become presented as a "cross-cutting" theme. In this article, I investigate the role of gender in the UN's counterterrorism reform process at the humanitarian-development-peace nexus, or "triple nexus", from a feminist institutionalist perspective. I conduct a feminist discourse analysis of the counterterrorism discourses of three UN entities, which represent the different UN pillars of peace and security (DPO), development (UNDP), and humanitarianism and human rights (OHCHR). The article examines the role of gender in the inter-institutional reform process by focusing on the changes, overlaps and differences in the discursive production of gender in the entities' counterterrorism agendas over time and in two recent UN counterterrorism conferences. I find that gendered dynamics of nested newness and institutional layering have played an essential role both as a justification for the involvement of individual entities in counterterrorism and as a vehicle for inter-institutional cooperation and struggle for discursive power.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Streck2021,
  author    = {Streck, Charlotte},
  title     = {From laggards to leaders},
  series = {Frontiers in international environmental law : doceans and climate challenges : essays in honour of David Freestone},
  booktitle = {Frontiers in international environmental law : doceans and climate challenges : essays in honour of David Freestone},
  editor    = {Barnes, Richard and Long, Ron{\´a}n},
  publisher = {Brill Nijhoff},
  address   = {Leiden},
  isbn      = {978-90-04-37287-0},
  doi       = {10.1163/9789004372887_004},
  pages     = {75 -- 105},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change embraces the participation of non-state actors in a separate governance track - the 'Non-state actor zone for global action' (nazca) - that runs alongside the formal track of unfccc negotiations and the implementation of the Paris Agreement by State Parties through 'nationally determined contributions'. unfccc Secretariat is entrusted with orchestrating non-state global and transnational initiatives, partnerships and networks. The involvement of non-state actors in the implementation of the Paris Agreement helps to address an action gap by countries that are unable or unwilling to implement ambitious ndcs. However, the increased prominence of initiatives driven by non-state actors also increases their direct and indirect influence on processes and rules which raises a number of questions with regards to the legitimacy of action and the democratic deficit of the global climate regime. Balancing legitimacy with effectiveness requires non-state initiatives to ensure transparent and inclusive governance, and accountability towards progress against their goals and pledges. Despite its encouragement towards private initiatives, the Paris Agreement creates surprisingly little regulatory space for non-state actors to gain hold. Neither are there measures that would link ndcs to nazca initiatives, nor are functional requirements such as transparency or reporting extended to non-state initiatives. While the Paris Agreement marks an important step towards harnessing private sector ability and ambition for climate action, more remains to be done to create a truly enabling framework for private action to strive and complement public efforts to address climate change.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Sprinz2021,
  author    = {Sprinz, Detlef F.},
  title     = {Effectiveness},
  series = {Essential concepts of global environmental governance},
  booktitle = {Essential concepts of global environmental governance},
  editor    = {Morin, Jean-Fr{\´e}d{\´e}ric and Orsini, Amandine},
  edition   = {Second edition},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  address   = {Abingdon},
  isbn      = {978-0-367-41869-4},
  doi       = {10.4324/9780367816681-34},
  pages     = {80 -- 83},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ReichardSchroeter2021,
  author    = {Reichard, Christoph and Schr{\"o}ter, Eckhard},
  title     = {Civil Service and Public Employment},
  series = {Public Administration in Germany},
  journal   = {Public Administration in Germany},
  publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-53696-1},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-53697-8_13},
  pages     = {205 -- 223},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The German system of public sector employment (including civil servants and public employees) qualifies as a classical European continental civil service model moulded in traditional forms of a Weberian bureaucracy. Its features include a career-based employment system with entry based on levels of formal qualification. Coordinated by legal frames and centralised collective bargaining, the civil service is, at the same time, decentralised and flexible enough to accommodate regional differences and societal changes. In comparison, the civil service system stands out for its high degrees of professionalism and legal fairness with low levels of corruption or cronyism.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Seyfried2021,
  author    = {Seyfried, Markus},
  title     = {Bundesrechnungshof},
  series = {Handw{\"o}rterbuch des politischen Systems der Bundesrepublik Deutschland},
  booktitle = {Handw{\"o}rterbuch des politischen Systems der Bundesrepublik Deutschland},
  editor    = {Andersen, Uwe and Bogumil, J{\"o}rg and Marschall, Stefan and Woyke, Wichard},
  edition   = {8., {\"u}berarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage},
  publisher = {Springer VS},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-23665-6},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-658-23666-3_20},
  pages     = {80 -- 82},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Der Bundesrechnungshof schaut mittlerweile auf eine {\"u}ber 300 j{\"a}hrige Geschichte der Finanzkontrolle zur{\"u}ck (vgl. Engels 2014). Auch wenn Aufgaben und Organisation damaliger Rechenkammern bestenfalls rudiment{\"a}r mit den Einrichtungen moderner Finanzkontrolle vergleichbar sind, so legten sie doch einst deren Grundstein. Heute ist der Bundesrechnungshof eine oberste Bundesbeh{\"o}rde und pr{\"u}ft laut Artikel 114 Abs. 2 GG die „Rechnung sowie die Wirtschaftlichkeit und Ordnungsm{\"a}ßigkeit der Haushalts- und Wirtschaftsf{\"u}hrung des Bundes." Weitere Regelungen f{\"u}r den Bundesrechnungshof finden sich in der Bundeshaushaltsordnung (BHO, hier Teil V Rechnungspr{\"u}fung bis Teil VIII Entlastung, \S\S 88 bis 114) und im Bundesrechnungshofgesetz (BRHG vom 11.07.1985, mit letzter {\"A}nderung vom 05.02.2009).},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{HeinzelLiese2021,
  author    = {Heinzel, Mirko Noa and Liese, Andrea},
  title     = {Managing performance and winning trust},
  series = {The review of international organizations},
  journal   = {The review of international organizations},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Boston},
  issn      = {1559-744X},
  doi       = {10.1007/s11558-021-09414-4},
  pages     = {625 -- 653},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {World Bank evaluations show that recipient performance varies substantially between different projects. Extant research has focused on country-level variables when explaining these variations. This article goes beyond country-level explanations and highlights the role of World Bank staff. We extend established arguments in the literature on compliance with the demands of International Organizations (IOs) and hypothesize that IO staff can shape recipient performance in three ways. First, recipient performance may be influenced by the quality of IO staff monitoring and supervision. Second, the leniency and stringency with which IO staff apply the aid agreement could improve recipient performance. Third, recipient performance may depend on whether IO staff can identify and mobilize supportive interlocutors through their networks in the recipient country. We test these arguments by linking a novel database on the tenure of World Bank task team leaders to projects evaluated between 1986 and 2020. The findings are consistent with the expectation that World Bank staff play an important role, but only in investment projects. There is substantial evidence that World Bank staff supervisory ability and country experience are linked to recipient performance in those projects. Less consistent evidence indicates that leniency could matter. These findings imply that World Bank staff play an important role in facilitating implementation of investment projects.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Girnus2021,
  author    = {Girnus, Luisa},
  title     = {Offen f{\"u}r Gr{\"u}nde - Welcher demokratische Anspruch ist an politische Urteile zu stellen?},
  series = {Demokratie im Stresstest},
  booktitle = {Demokratie im Stresstest},
  editor    = {Deichmann, Carl and Partetzke, Marc},
  publisher = {Springer VS},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-33076-7},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-658-33077-4_9},
  pages     = {147 -- 163},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Demokratie und politische Bildung stehen in einem sich zugewandten Verh{\"a}ltnis. Doch folgt daraus, dass politische Urteile stets demokratisch sein m{\"u}ssen? Der Beitrag diskutiert diese Frage vor dem Hintergrund der derzeitigen Debatte um antidemokratische Bewegungen in der Gesellschaft, der Rolle politischer Bildung als F{\"o}rderin von Demokratie und der individuellen Herausforderung f{\"u}r Lehrpersonen in der Unterrichtspraxis.},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Girnus2021,
  author    = {Girnus, Luisa},
  title     = {Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse},
  series = {Handbuch Geschichts- und Politikdidaktik},
  booktitle = {Handbuch Geschichts- und Politikdidaktik},
  editor    = {Weißeno, Georg and Ziegler, B{\´e}atrice},
  publisher = {Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-29673-5},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-658-29673-5_28-1},
  pages     = {1 -- 16},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Die qualitative Inhaltsanalyse dient als Auswertungsinstrument f{\"u}r Textmaterial, kann aber auch f{\"u}r die Analyse von Ton- und Bildmaterial genutzt werden. Anders als die quantitative Inhaltsanalyse zielt sie darauf ab, dem Material auch Informationen zu entnehmen, auf die ausschließlich interpretativ geschlossen werden kann. Die qualitative Inhaltsanalyse kn{\"u}pft an die hermeneutische Tradition des Verstehens an. Der Verstehensprozess wird jedoch in einen vordefinierten, theorie- und regelgeleiteten Forschungsablauf gebettet, um dem wissenschaftlichen Anspruch an Systematik und Intersubjektivit{\"a}t nachzukommen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Girnus2021,
  author    = {Girnus, Luisa},
  title     = {Europabildung als Dialog {\"u}ber politische Werte},
  series = {Europa denken, kommunizieren und erfahren},
  booktitle = {Europa denken, kommunizieren und erfahren},
  editor    = {Vetter, Eva and Lange, Dirk and Wegner, Anke},
  publisher = {Wochenschau Verlag},
  address   = {Frankfurt/M.},
  isbn      = {978-3-7344-1278-3},
  pages     = {34 -- 54},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Debre2021,
  author    = {Debre, Maria Josepha},
  title     = {Clubs of autocrats},
  series = {The review of international organizations},
  volume    = {17},
  journal   = {The review of international organizations},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Boston},
  issn      = {1559-7431},
  doi       = {10.1007/s11558-021-09428-y},
  pages     = {485 -- 511},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {While scholars have argued that membership in Regional Organizations (ROs) can increase the likelihood of democratization, we see many autocratic regimes surviving in power albeit being members of several ROs. This article argues that this is the case because these regimes are often members in "Clubs of Autocrats" that supply material and ideational resources to strengthen domestic survival politics and shield members from external interference during moments of political turmoil. The argument is supported by survival analysis testing the effect of membership in autocratic ROs on regime survival between 1946 to 2010. It finds that membership in ROs composed of more autocratic member states does in fact raise the likelihood of regime survival by protecting incumbents against democratic challenges such as civil unrest or political dissent. However, autocratic RO membership does not help to prevent regime breakdown due to autocratic challenges like military coups, potentially because these types of threats are less likely to diffuse to other member states. The article thereby adds to our understanding of the limits of democratization and potential reverse effects of international cooperation, and contributes to the literature addressing interdependences of international and domestic politics in autocratic regimes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Franzke2021,
  author    = {Franzke, Jochen},
  title     = {Land Brandenburg},
  series = {Handw{\"o}rterbuch des politischen Systems der Bundesrepublik Deutschland},
  booktitle = {Handw{\"o}rterbuch des politischen Systems der Bundesrepublik Deutschland},
  editor    = {Andersen, Uwe and Bogumil, J{\"o}rg and Marschall, Stefan and Woyke, Wichard},
  publisher = {Springer VS},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-23665-6},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-658-23666-3_72},
  pages     = {518 -- 525},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Das {\"u}ber 860 Jahre alte deutsche Land BB liegt im Nordosten Ds zwischen Elbe und Oder. Es umschließt die Bundeshauptstadt BE, die als Einheitsgemeinde zugleich ein eigenes Land bildet. Potsdam als Landeshauptstadt ist mit 176.000 E. die gr{\"o}ßte Stadt in BB. Mit 29.482 qkm (8,3 \% von D) z{\"a}hlt die Mark zu den fl{\"a}chenreichsten Bundesl{\"a}ndern.},
  language  = {de}
}