@phdthesis{Kamprath2014, author = {Kamprath, Martin}, title = {A microfoundations perspectives on fresight and business models}, pages = {224}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Schmidt2016, author = {Schmidt, Peter}, title = {Contributions to EU regional policy}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-90837}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xii, 137}, year = {2016}, abstract = {This cumulative dissertation contains four self-contained articles which are related to EU regional policy and its structural funds as the overall research topic. In particular, the thesis addresses the question if EU regional policy interventions can at all be scientifically justified and legitimated on theoretical and empirical grounds from an economics point of view. The first two articles of the thesis ("The EU structural funds as a means to hamper migration" and "Internal migration and EU regional policy transfer payments: a panel data analysis for 28 EU member countries") enter into one particular aspect of the debate regarding the justification and legitimisation of EU regional policy. They theoretically and empirically analyse as to whether regional policy or the market force of the free flow of labour (migration) in the internal European market is the better instrument to improve and harmonise the living and working conditions of EU citizens. Based on neoclassical market failure theory, the first paper argues that the structural funds of the EU are inhibiting internal migration, which is one of the key measures in achieving convergence among the nations in the single European market. It becomes clear that European regional policy aiming at economic growth and cohesion among the member states cannot be justified and legitimated if the structural funds hamper instead of promote migration. The second paper, however, shows that the empirical evidence on the migration and regional policy nexus is not unambiguous, i.e. different empirical investigations show that EU structural funds hamper and promote EU internal migration. Hence, the question of the scientific justification and legitimisation of EU regional policy cannot be readily and unambiguously answered on empirical grounds. This finding is unsatisfying but is in line with previous theoretical and empirical literature. That is why, I take a step back and reconsider the theoretical beginnings of the thesis, which took for granted neoclassical market failure theory as the starting point for the positive explanation as well as the normative justification and legitimisation of EU regional policy. The third article of the thesis ("EU regional policy: theoretical foundations and policy conclusions revisited") deals with the theoretical explanation and legitimisation of EU regional policy as well as the policy recommendations given to EU regional policymakers deduced from neoclassical market failure theory. The article elucidates that neoclassical market failure is a normative concept, which justifies and legitimates EU regional policy based on a political and thus subjective goal or value-judgement. It can neither be used, therefore, to give a scientifically positive explanation of the structural funds nor to obtain objective and practically applicable policy instruments. Given this critique of neoclassical market failure theory, the third paper consequently calls into question the widely prevalent explanation and justification of EU regional policy given in static neoclassical equilibrium economics. It argues that an evolutionary non-equilibrium economics perspective on EU regional policy is much more appropriate to provide a realistic understanding of one of the largest policies conducted by the EU. However, this does neither mean that evolutionary economic theory can be unreservedly seen as the panacea to positively explain EU regional policy nor to derive objective policy instruments for EU regional policymakers. This issue is discussed in the fourth article of the thesis ("Market failure vs. system failure as a rationale for economic policy? A critique from an evolutionary perspective"). This article reconsiders the explanation of economic policy from an evolutionary economics perspective. It contrasts the neoclassical equilibrium notions of market and government failure with the dominant evolutionary neo-Schumpeterian and Austrian-Hayekian perceptions. Based on this comparison, the paper criticises the fact that neoclassical failure reasoning still prevails in non-equilibrium evolutionary economics when economic policy issues are examined. This is surprising, since proponents of evolutionary economics usually view their approach as incompatible with its neoclassical counterpart. The paper therefore argues that in order to prevent the otherwise fruitful and more realistic evolutionary approach from undermining its own criticism of neoclassical economics and to create a consistent as well as objective evolutionary policy framework, it is necessary to eliminate the equilibrium spirit. Taken together, the main finding of this thesis is that European regional policy and its structural funds can neither theoretically nor empirically be justified and legitimated from an economics point of view. Moreover, the thesis finds that the prevalent positive and instrumental explanation of EU regional policy given in the literature needs to be reconsidered, because these theories can neither scientifically explain the emergence and development of this policy nor are they appropriate to derive objective and scientific policy instruments for EU regional policymakers.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Heess2017, author = {Heeß, Katja}, title = {Einschr{\"a}nkung der Mehrheitsdemokratie?}, series = {Comparative politics ; 9}, journal = {Comparative politics ; 9}, publisher = {Nomos}, address = {Baden-Baden}, isbn = {978-3-8487-3834-2}, pages = {487}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Das Buch bietet eine systematische Erkl{\"a}rung der bisher wenig beachteten Ph{\"a}nomene von Wandel und Stabilit{\"a}t legislativer Vetopunkte (VP) in parlamentarischen Demokratien. Theoretisch erm{\"o}glichen die gemeinsame Betrachtung der Akteursstrategien auf Gesetzgebungs- und Reformebene und deren gegenseitige Beeinflussung die Identifikation institutioneller Gleichgewichte. Die Erkl{\"a}rung der Autorin betont die Bedeutung der Mehrheiten beschr{\"a}nkenden Wirkung von Vetoinstitutionen f{\"u}r die Reformpr{\"a}ferenzen der Akteure. Im Reformprozess wird die Legitimit{\"a}t der Vetopunkte als wesentlicher Faktor angenommen. Sie beeinflusst Kosten und Nutzen der Akteure durch eine potenzielle elektorale Bestrafung von Versuchen, legitime Vetopunkte zu schw{\"a}chen bzw. illegitime Vetopunkte zu bewahren. Empirisch wird die Erkl{\"a}rung mittels einer QCA-Analyse f{\"u}r 38 etablierte parlamentarische Demokratien sowie anhand vertiefender Fallstudien zur Entwicklung der Vetoinstitutionen in f{\"u}nf L{\"a}ndern {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Widdau2016, author = {Widdau, Christoph Sebastian}, title = {Cassirers Leibniz und die Begr{\"u}ndung der Menschenrechte}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-12677-3}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {142}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Christoph Sebastian Widdau leistet mit seinem Buch einen innovativen Beitrag zur Cassirer-Forschung, zu den Leibniz-Studien und zur Begr{\"u}ndung der Menschenrechte. Er wirft ein ideengeschichtlich und philosophisch neues Licht auf die 'Natur' im Naturrecht, die kulturelle Bedeutung des Individuums und den Pluralismus politischer Ordnungen. Mit 'Cassirers Leibniz' zeigt Widdau auf, dass Menschenrechte kein beliebiger Zusatz zur Kultur, sondern vielmehr kulturkonstitutiv sind.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Schmidt2021, author = {Schmidt, Robert}, title = {Gr{\"u}ndungsf{\"o}rderung an Hochschulen}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-52520}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-525203}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {XIII, 270, ix}, year = {2021}, abstract = {F{\"o}rdermittelfinanzierte Gr{\"u}ndungsunterst{\"u}tzungsangebote waren in den EU-F{\"o}rderperioden 2007-2013 und 2014-2020 ein wichtiges Element der Hochschulgr{\"u}ndungsf{\"o}rderung im Land Brandenburg. Aufgrund der positiven wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung des Landes, reduzierte sich das F{\"o}rdervolumen in der gleichen Zeit jedoch stetig. F{\"u}r die EU-F{\"o}rderperiode 2021-2027 steht eine weitere Reduzierung der F{\"o}rdermittel bereits fest. In der Folge wird es, ohne Anpassungen der etablierten F{\"o}rderstrukturen, zur weiteren Reduzierung oder Erosion der Gr{\"u}ndungsunterst{\"u}tzungsangebote an Brandenburger Hochschulen kommen. Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich daher u.a. mit der Frage, wie ein theoretisches Referenzmodell zur f{\"o}rdermittelfinanzierten Hochschulgr{\"u}ndungsberatung gestaltet sein kann, um den reduzierten F{\"o}rders{\"a}tzen bei gleichzeitiger Aufrechterhaltung der Angebotsvielfalt gerecht zu werden. Zur Beantwortung dieser Frage wird als Untersuchungsobjekt das F{\"o}rderprojekt BIEM Startup Navigator herangezogen. Das Gr{\"u}ndungsberatungsprojekt BIEM Startup Navigator wurde von 2010 bis 2014 an sechs Brandenburger Hochschulen durchgef{\"u}hrt. Mit Hilfe der Modelle und Pr{\"a}missen der Prinzipal-Agent-Theorie wird zun{\"a}chst ein theoretischer Rahmen aufgespannt, auf dessen Grundlage die empirische Untersuchung erfolgt. Anhand der Prinzipal-Agent-Theorie werden die beteiligten Organisationen, Individuen und Institutionen aufgezeigt. Weiterhin werden die wesentlichen Problemfelder und L{\"o}sungsans{\"a}tze der Prinzipal-Agent-Theorie f{\"u}r die Untersuchung des BIEM Startup Navigators diskutiert. Im Untersuchungsverlauf werden u.a. die Konzepte zur Durchf{\"u}hrung des F{\"o}rderprojekts an sechs Hochschulstandorten, die Daten von 610 Teilnehmenden und 288 Gr{\"u}ndungen analysiert, um so sachlogische Zusammenh{\"a}nge und Wechselwirkungen identifizieren und beschreiben zu k{\"o}nnen. Es werden unterschiedliche theoretische Annahmen zu den Bereichen Projekteffektivit{\"a}t bzw. Projekteffizienz, Kostenverteilung und zur konzeptionellen Ausgestaltung in Form von 24 Arbeitshypothesen formuliert und auf die Untersuchung {\"u}bertragen. Die Verifizierung bzw. Falsifizierung der Hypothesen erfolgt auf Grundlage der kombinierten Erkenntnisse aus Literaturrecherchen und den Ergebnissen der empirischen Untersuchung. Im Verlauf der Arbeit gelingt es, die in der Prinzipal-Agent-Theorie auftretenden Agencykosten auch am Beispiel des BIEM Startup Navigators zu beschreiben und ex post Ineffizienzen in den durchgef{\"u}hrten Screening- und Signalingprozessen aufzuzeigen. Mit Hilfe des im Verlauf der Arbeit entwickelten theoretischen Referenzmodells zur f{\"o}rdermittelfinanzierten Gr{\"u}ndungsberatung an Brandenburger Hochschulen soll es gelingen, den sinkenden EU-F{\"o}rdermitteln, ohne eine gleichzeitige Reduzierung der Gr{\"u}ndungsunterst{\"u}tzungsangebote an den Hochschulen, gerecht zu werden. Hierf{\"u}r zeigt das theoretische Referenzmodell wie die Ergebnisse der empirischen Untersuchung genutzt werden k{\"o}nnen, um die Agencykosten der f{\"o}rdermittelfinanzierten Gr{\"u}ndungsberatung zu reduzieren.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Vladova2018, author = {Vladova, Gergana}, title = {Wissensmanagement im Kontext der Interdependenzen zwischen Unternehmenskultur und beruflicher kultureller Pr{\"a}gung}, publisher = {Gito}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-95545-223-0}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {286}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Neben der vorherrschenden Unternehmenskultur existieren innerhalb der Organisationen unterschiedliche Subkulturen. Eine solche Subkultur - die berufliche - ist im Kontext dieser Arbeit von Bedeutung. Ihr Einfluss auf das Individuum in Form einer sekund{\"a}ren Sozialisation f{\"a}ngt in der Regel noch vor dem Eintritt im Unternehmen an und kann je nach Dauer der Einflussnahme und St{\"a}rke der Unternehmens- und der Subkulturen unterschiedlich sein. Im Mittelpunkt des Buches steht die Untersuchung der Abh{\"a}ngigkeiten zwischen der beruflichen kulturellen Pr{\"a}gung der Mitarbeiter und dem Umgang mit Wissen im Unternehmenskontext. Das Buch bietet einen theoretischen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die relevanten Themenfelder, stellt die Entwicklung eines Modells der Interdependenzen zwischen Wissensmanagement, Unternehmenskultur und beruflicher Subkultur vor und diskutiert erste Ergebnisse zur empirischen Untersuchung der Interdependenzen sowie das hierzu entwickelte Instrument.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Richter2015, author = {Richter, Philipp}, title = {Die Makroorganisation der Vollzugsverwaltung}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-09166-8}, pages = {484}, year = {2015}, abstract = {Philipp Richter untersucht Unterschiede in der Makroorganisation der Landesverwaltungen. In seiner verwaltungswissenschaftlich-empirischen Analyse zeigt er am Beispiel der Versorgungsverwaltung, wie sich der vormals einheitliche Verwaltungsaufbau durch Verwaltungsstruktur- und Funktionalreformen zwischen den Bundesl{\"a}ndern ausdifferenziert hat und wie die dadurch entstandenen Unterschiede den Vollzug von Bundesgesetzen beeinflussen. Mit Blick auf die Implementation des Schwerbehinderten- und Sozialen Entsch{\"a}digungsrechts identifiziert der Autor problemad{\"a}quate L{\"o}sungen und zieht praxisrelevante Schlussfolgerungen f{\"u}r eine Modernisierung des {\"a}ußeren Verwaltungsaufbaus, die auch wichtige Erkenntnisse f{\"u}r die Ausgestaltung der Makroorganisation in anderen Verwaltungsbereichen bereithalten.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Lormes2016, author = {Lormes, Ivo}, title = {Kommunalisierung der Energieversorgung}, publisher = {Wiesbaden}, address = {Springer}, isbn = {978-3-658-13318-4}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {368}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Ivo Lormes zeigt, dass der Kommunalisierungstrend in der Energieversorgung als Indikator eines zukunftsgerichteten Zeitalterskommunal(-energie-)wirtschaftlicher Bet{\"a}tigung gedeutet werden kann. Die sich dabei manifestierende neue Qualit{\"a}t institutioneller Arrangements interpretiert er als Indiz f{\"u}r eine ‚Gew{\"a}hrleistungskommune 2.0'. Neben einer Analyse der seit 2005 in Deutschland erfolgten Stadtwerke-Gr{\"u}ndungen werden in seinem Buch erstmals die im Rahmen dieser Kommunalisierungen ablaufenden politischen Prozesse fallstudienvergleichend untersucht. Dadurch wird eine systematische Ermittlung der Einflussfaktoren zu der Frage erm{\"o}glicht, warum manche Kommunen ihre Energieversorgung kommunalisieren und andere nicht.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Vu2012, author = {Vu, Thi Thanh Van}, title = {Local government on the way to good governance}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-93943}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {vii, 254}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Bad governance causes economic, social, developmental and environmental problems in many developing countries. Developing countries have adopted a number of reforms that have assisted in achieving good governance. The success of governance reform depends on the starting point of each country - what institutional arrangements exist at the out-set and who the people implementing reforms within the existing institutional framework are. This dissertation focuses on how formal institutions (laws and regulations) and informal institutions (culture, habit and conception) impact on good governance. Three characteristics central to good governance - transparency, participation and accountability are studied in the research. A number of key findings were: Good governance in Hanoi and Berlin represent the two extremes of the scale, while governance in Berlin is almost at the top of the scale, governance in Hanoi is at the bottom. Good governance in Hanoi is still far from achieved. In Berlin, information about public policies, administrative services and public finance is available, reliable and understandable. People do not encounter any problems accessing public information. In Hanoi, however, public information is not easy to access. There are big differences between Hanoi and Berlin in the three forms of participation. While voting in Hanoi to elect local deputies is formal and forced, elections in Berlin are fair and free. The candidates in local elections in Berlin come from different parties, whereas the candidacy of local deputies in Hanoi is thoroughly controlled by the Fatherland Front. Even though the turnout of voters in local deputy elections is close to 90 percent in Hanoi, the legitimacy of both the elections and the process of representation is non-existent because the local deputy candidates are decided by the Communist Party. The involvement of people in solving local problems is encouraged by the government in Berlin. The different initiatives include citizenry budget, citizen activity, citizen initiatives, etc. Individual citizens are free to participate either individually or through an association. Lacking transparency and participation, the quality of public service in Hanoi is poor. Citizens seldom get their services on time as required by the regulations. Citizens who want to receive public services can bribe officials directly, use the power of relationships, or pay a third person - the mediator ("C{\`o}" - in Vietnamese). In contrast, public service delivery in Berlin follows the customer-orientated principle. The quality of service is high in relation to time and cost. Paying speed money, bribery and using relationships to gain preferential public service do not exist in Berlin. Using the examples of Berlin and Hanoi, it is clear to see how transparency, participation and accountability are interconnected and influence each other. Without a free and fair election as well as participation of non-governmental organisations, civil organisations, and the media in political decision-making and public actions, it is hard to hold the Hanoi local government accountable. The key differences in formal institutions (regulative and cognitive) between Berlin and Hanoi reflect the three main principles: rule of law vs. rule by law, pluralism vs. monopoly Party in politics and social market economy vs. market economy with socialist orientation. In Berlin the logic of appropriateness and codes of conduct are respect for laws, respect of individual freedom and ideas and awareness of community development. People in Berlin take for granted that public services are delivered to them fairly. Ideas such as using money or relationships to shorten public administrative procedures do not exist in the mind of either public officials or citizens. In Hanoi, under a weak formal framework of good governance, new values and norms (prosperity, achievement) generated in the economic transition interact with the habits of the centrally-planned economy (lying, dependence, passivity) and traditional values (hierarchy, harmony, family, collectivism) influence behaviours of those involved. In Hanoi "doing the right thing" such as compliance with law doesn't become "the way it is". The unintended consequence of the deliberate reform actions of the Party is the prevalence of corruption. The socialist orientation seems not to have been achieved as the gap between the rich and the poor has widened. Good governance is not achievable if citizens and officials are concerned only with their self-interest. State and society depend on each other. Theoretically to achieve good governance in Hanoi, institutions (formal and informal) able to create good citizens, officials and deputies should be generated. Good citizens are good by habit rather than by nature. The rule of law principle is necessary for the professional performance of local administrations and People's Councils. When the rule of law is applied consistently, the room for informal institutions to function will be reduced. Promoting good governance in Hanoi is dependent on the need and desire to change the government and people themselves. Good governance in Berlin can be seen to be the result of the efforts of the local government and citizens after a long period of development and continuous adjustment. Institutional transformation is always a long and complicated process because the change in formal regulations as well as in the way they are implemented may meet strong resistance from the established practice. This study has attempted to point out the weaknesses of the institutions of Hanoi and has identified factors affecting future development towards good governance. But it is not easy to determine how long it will take to change the institutional setting of Hanoi in order to achieve good governance.}, language = {en} }