@article{LewisWaligorska2019, author = {Lewis, Simon and Waligorska, Magdalena}, title = {Introduction: Poland's Wars of Symbols}, series = {East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures}, volume = {33}, journal = {East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures}, number = {2}, publisher = {Sage Publ.}, address = {Thousand Oaks}, issn = {0888-3254}, doi = {10.1177/0888325418821418}, pages = {423 -- 434}, year = {2019}, abstract = {This introduction to the special section on Poland's wars of symbols analyzes the symbolic contestation that has characterized the country in recent years, studying a range of phenomena including nation, gender, memory, and religious symbolism within the overall framework of political conflict. In doing so, it offers a multidisciplinary view on political fractures that have resonated throughout Europe and the "West." Overall, the four case studies in this section study ways in which national symbols, topoi, and narratives have been deployed as tools in drawing and redrawing boundaries within society, polarizing and mobilizing the political camps as well as contesting and resisting power. These studies enable us to situate recent political events in a historical perspective, mapping the rise of populism in Poland against the background of legacies specific to the East-Central European region.}, language = {en} } @article{Karolewski2010, author = {Karolewski, Ireneusz Pawel}, title = {Challenges to the external identity making in the European Union}, series = {WeltTrends-Papiere}, journal = {WeltTrends-Papiere}, number = {15}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1864-0656}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-62953}, pages = {43 -- 61}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Inhalt: Introduction: The problem at hand Approaches to EU's external identity making Mechanisms of external identity making Theoretical approaches to the EU's external identity making The EU's external identity promotion The ENP policy instruments Conclusions References}, language = {en} }