@unpublished{VerwiebeBobzienFritschetal.2023, author = {Verwiebe, Roland and Bobzien, Licia and Fritsch, Nina-Sophie and Buder, Claudia}, title = {Social inequality and digitization in modern societies}, series = {SocArXiv : open archive of the social sciences}, journal = {SocArXiv : open archive of the social sciences}, publisher = {Center for Open Science}, address = {[Charlottesville, VA]}, doi = {10.31235/osf.io/k2zwh}, pages = {23}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The digitization process has triggered a profound transformation of modern societies. It encompasses a broad spectrum of technical, social, political, cultural and economic developments related to the mass use of computer- and internet-based technologies. It is now becoming increasingly clear that digitization is also changing existing structures of social inequality and that new structures of digital inequality are emerging. This is shown by a growing number of recent individual studies. In this paper, we set ourselves the task of systematizing this new research within the framework of an empirically supported literature review. To do so, we use the PRISMA model for literature reviews and focus on three central dimensions of inequality - ethnicity, gender, and age - and their relevance within the discourse on digitization and inequality. The empirical basis consists of journal articles published between 2000 and 2020 and listed on the Web of Science, as well as an additional Google Scholar search, through which we attempt to include important monographs and contributions to edited volumes in our analyses. Our text corpus thus comprises a total of 281 articles. Empirically, our literature review shows that unequal access to digital resources largely reproduces existing structures of inequality; in some cases, studies report a reduction in social inequalities as a result of the digitization process.}, language = {en} } @misc{Brennecke2023, author = {Brennecke, Julia}, title = {Media Review: entrepreneurship as networking}, series = {Organization studies}, journal = {Organization studies}, publisher = {Sage}, address = {London}, issn = {0170-8406}, doi = {10.1177/01708406231200710}, pages = {1 -- 4}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @incollection{BindenagelŠehović2021, author = {Bindenagel Šehović, Annamarie}, title = {Protecting the vulnerable}, series = {Preventing HIV among young people in Southern and Eastern Africa : Emerging evidence and intervention strategies. - (Routledge Studies in health in Africa ; Vol. 2)}, booktitle = {Preventing HIV among young people in Southern and Eastern Africa : Emerging evidence and intervention strategies. - (Routledge Studies in health in Africa ; Vol. 2)}, editor = {Govender, Kaymarlin and Poku, Nana K.}, publisher = {Routledge/Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {London ; New York}, isbn = {978-0-429-46281-8}, doi = {10.4324/9780429462818}, pages = {110 -- 124}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Contemporary pressures of climate change and migration are abetting the spread of (re)emerging infectious diseases (EIDs), including HIV, Ebola and tuberculosis (TB). While the fact remains that any person can become infected, those most affected are vulnerable populations. In Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA) these include marginalized groups such as people who sell sex, LGBTI and MSM, but more widely also adolescents. Adolescents and young adults represent a particularly vulnerable group, caught as they are on the cusp between child protections and adult citizenship claims, including to health and educational provisions and protections. Without, or with incomplete claims, members of marginalized and vulnerable communities are excluded from access to provisions and protections of health as part of human security, whether out of apathy, fear or jurisdiction or through (deliberate) neglect. The chapter proceeds through the framework of human security, which puts the security of individuals at the centre of its analysis. This stands in contrast to the 1990s securitization argument which framed HIV as a threat to state security. This chapter analyzes unique challenges of vulnerable adolescent populations as these relate to HIV prevention and treatment access. In doing so, it pays special heed to the "double vulnerability" of non-citizenship and compromised citizenship among this cohort. By invoking the human security paradigm, this chapter explores HIV interventions as they pertain to and aim to protect vulnerable populations beyond borders.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Weinbach2022, author = {Weinbach, Christine}, title = {Eigenlogik und Druck von außen}, series = {Privat - {\"o}ffentlich - politisch: Gesellschaftstheorien in feministischer Perspektive}, booktitle = {Privat - {\"o}ffentlich - politisch: Gesellschaftstheorien in feministischer Perspektive}, editor = {Burkart, G{\"u}nter and Cichecki, Diana and Degele, Nina and Kahlert, Heike}, publisher = {Springer VS}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-35400-8}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-35401-5_10}, pages = {285 -- 311}, year = {2022}, abstract = {In weiten Teilen der Geschlechterforschung ist die Unterscheidung zwischen Privatheit und {\"O}ffentlichkeit von großer analytischer Bedeutung f{\"u}r das Verst{\"a}ndnis moderner Geschlechterverh{\"a}ltnisse. Dennoch weisen ihre Analysen vielfach begriffliche Unsch{\"a}rfen im Gebrauch der Unterscheidung auf: Zum einen wird Familie mit Privatheit, Erwerbsarbeit mit {\"O}ffentlichkeit identisch gesetzt; zum anderen werden beide Unterscheidungen parallel verwendet. Der Beitrag setzt die beiden Unterscheidungen Privatheit/{\"O}ffentlichkeit und Familie/Erwerb mithilfe der Luhmann'schen Systemtheorie auf neue Weise ins Verh{\"a}ltnis. Dazu greift er den Forschungsansatz Doing Family auf, der Familie als Herstellungsleistung versteht. Vorgeschlagen wird, familiale Privatheit als staatlich gesch{\"u}tzte familiale Selbststeuerungsebene zu begreifen, auf der sich die Familie gegen{\"u}ber als {\"o}ffentlich begriffenen Umwelterwartungen wie dem (dynamischen) Arbeitsmarkt sowohl abgrenzt als auch auf sie antwortet. Entsprechend besitzt jedes einzelne Familiensystem seine eigene Privatheit und {\"O}ffentlichkeit. Damit einhergehend, lassen sich die Individualisierung der Familienmitglieder als auch die zunehmende Irrelevanz von Gender f{\"u}r die familiale Binnenstruktur beobachten: Da jedes Familiensystem die Unterscheidung auf unterschiedliche Weise handhabt, findet eine Heterogenisierung von Familienformen statt.}, language = {de} } @misc{Haenel2021, author = {H{\"a}nel, Hilkje C.}, title = {The intricacies of ideology and ignorance}, series = {Social epistemology review \& reply collective : SERRC}, volume = {10}, journal = {Social epistemology review \& reply collective : SERRC}, number = {7}, publisher = {Social epistemology review \& reply collective}, address = {[Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar]}, issn = {2471-9560}, pages = {58 -- 62}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{Jung2023, author = {Jung, Jana}, title = {Partnership trajectories and their consequences over the life course}, series = {Advances in life course research}, volume = {55}, journal = {Advances in life course research}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {1569-4909}, doi = {10.1016/j.alcr.2022.100525}, pages = {18}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Objective: Following a life course perspective, this study examines the link between partnership trajectories and three dimensions of psychological well-being: psychological health, overall sense of self-worth and quality of life. Background: Assuming that life outcomes are the result of prior decisions, experiences and events, partnership histories can be seen as a resource for psychological well-being. Furthermore, advantages or disadvantages from living with or without a partner should accumulate over time. While previous cross-sectional research has mainly focused on the influence of partnership status or a status change on well-being, prior longitudinal studies could not control for reverse causality of well-being and partnership trajectories. This research addresses the question of how different patterns of partnership biographies are related to a person's well-being in middle adulthood. Selection effects of pre-trajectory well-being as well as current life conditions are also taken into account. Method: Using data from the German LifE Study, the partnership trajectories between ages of 16 and 45 are classified by sequence and cluster analysis. OLS regression is then used to examine the link between types of partnership trajectories and depression, self-esteem and overall life satisfaction at age 45. Results: For women, well-being declined when experiencing unstable non-cohabitational union trajectories or divorce followed by unpartnered post-marital trajectories. Men suffered most from being long-term single. The results could not be explained by selection effects of pre-trajectory well-being. Conclusion: While women seem to 'recover' from most of the negative effects of unstable partnership trajectories through a new partnership, for men it was shown that being mainly unpartnered has long-lasting effects on their psychological well-being.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{HippLeumannSchober2024, author = {Hipp, Lena and Leumann, Sandra and Schober, Pia S.}, title = {Partnership penalties for working in gender-atypical occupations?}, doi = {10.31235/osf.io/ydurp}, pages = {35}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Does working in a gender-atypical occupation reduce individuals' likelihood of finding a different-sex romantic partner, and do such occupational partnership penalties contribute to occupational gender segregation? To answer this question, we theorized partnership penalties for working in gender-atypical occupations by drawing on insights from evolutionary psychology, social constructivism, and rational choice theory and exploited the stability of occupational pathways in Germany. In Study 1, we analyzed observational data from a national probability sample (N= 1,634,944) to assess whether individuals in gender-atypical occupations were less likely to be partnered than individuals who worked in gender typical occupations. To assess whether the observed partnership gaps found in Study 1 were causally related to the gender typicality of men's and women's occupations, we conducted a field experiment on a dating app (N = 6,778). Because the findings from Study 2 suggested that young women and men indeed experienced penalties for working in a gender-atypical occupation (at least when they were not highly attractive), we employed a choice-experimental design in Study 3 (N = 1,250) to assess whether women and men were aware of occupational partnership penalties and showed that anticipating occupational partnership penalties may keep young and highly educated women from working in gender-atypical occupations. Our main conclusion therefore is that that observed penalties and their anticipation seem to be driven by unconscious rather than conscious processes.}, language = {en} } @article{KritikosMalirantaNippalaetal.2024, author = {Kritikos, Alexander S. and Maliranta, Mika and Nippala, Veera and Nurmi, Satu}, title = {Does gender of firm ownership matter?}, series = {Journal of population economics}, volume = {37}, journal = {Journal of population economics}, number = {2}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {0933-1433}, doi = {10.1007/s00148-024-01030-x}, pages = {1 -- 31}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We examine how the gender of business owners is related to the wages paid to female relative to male employees working in their firms. Using Finnish register data and employing firm fixed effects, we find that the gender pay gap is—starting from a gender pay gap of 11 to 12\%—two to three percentage points lower for hourly wages in female-owned firms than in male-owned firms. Results are robust to how the wage is measured, as well as to various further robustness checks. More importantly, we find substantial differences between industries. While, for instance, in the manufacturing sector, the gender of the owner plays no role in the gender pay gap, in several service sector industries, like ICT or business services, no or a negligible gender pay gap can be found, but only when firms are led by female business owners. Businesses with male ownership maintain a gender pay gap of around 10\% also in the latter industries. With increasing firm size, the influence of the gender of the owner, however, fades. In large firms, it seems that others—firm managers—determine wages and no differences in the pay gap are observed between male- and female-owned firms.}, language = {en} } @article{FrodermannHippBuenning2024, author = {Frodermann, Corinna and Hipp, Lena and B{\"u}nning, Mareike}, title = {Money matters!}, series = {Gender \& society}, volume = {38}, journal = {Gender \& society}, number = {3}, publisher = {Sage}, address = {Thousand Oaks}, issn = {0891-2432}, doi = {10.1177/08912432241252601}, pages = {436 -- 465}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This paper examines the context dependency of attitudes toward maternal employment. We test three sets of factors that may affect these attitudes—economic benefits, normative obligations, and child-related consequences—by analyzing data from a unique survey experimental design implemented in a large-scale household panel survey in Germany (17,388 observations from 3,494 respondents). Our results show that the economic benefits associated with maternal employment are the most important predictor of attitudes supporting maternal employment. Moreover, we find that attitudes toward maternal employment vary by individual, household, and contextual characteristics (in particular, childcare quality). We interpret this variation as an indication that negative attitudes toward maternal employment do not necessarily reflect gender essentialism; rather, gender role attitudes are contingent upon the frames individuals have in mind.}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-56471, title = {Vienna}, series = {Built environment city studies}, journal = {Built environment city studies}, editor = {Kazepov, Yuri and Verwiebe, Roland}, publisher = {Routledge}, address = {London}, isbn = {978-0-367-68011-4}, doi = {10.4324/9781003133827}, pages = {161}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This book explores and debates the urban transformations that have taken place in Vienna over the past 30 years and their consequences in policy fields such as labour and housing, political and social participation and the environment. Historically, European cities have been characterised by a strong association between social cohesion, quality of life, economic ambition and a robust State. Vienna is an excellent example for that. In more recent years, however, cities were pressured to change policy principles and mechanisms in the context of demographic shifts, post-industrial transformations and welfare recalibration which have led to worsened social conditions in many cities. Each chapter in this volume discusses Vienna's responses to these pressures in key policy arenas, looking at outcomes from the context-specific local arrangements. Against a theoretical framework debating the European city as a model of inclusion and social justice, authors explore the local capacity to innovate urban policies and to address new social risks, while paying attention to potential trade-offs. The book questions and assesses the city's resilience using time series and an institutional analysis of four key dimensions that characterise the European city model within the context of post-industrial transition: redistribution, recognition, representation and sustainability. It offers a multiscalar perspective of urban governance through labour, housing, participatory and environmental policies, bringing together different levels and public policy types.}, language = {en} }