@article{SchroeterNeugartSchreineretal.2019, author = {Schr{\"o}ter, David and Neugart, Susanne and Schreiner, Monika and Grune, Tilman and Rohn, Sascha and Ott, Christiane}, title = {Amaranth's 2-Caffeoylisocitric Acid—An Anti-Inflammatory Caffeic Acid Derivative That Impairs NF-κB Signaling in LPS-Challenged RAW 264.7 Macrophages}, series = {Nutrients}, volume = {11}, journal = {Nutrients}, number = {3}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2072-6643}, doi = {10.3390/nu11030571}, pages = {14}, year = {2019}, abstract = {For centuries, Amaranthus sp. were used as food, ornamentals, and medication. Molecular mechanisms, explaining the health beneficial properties of amaranth, are not yet understood, but have been attributed to secondary metabolites, such as phenolic compounds. One of the most abundant phenolic compounds in amaranth leaves is 2-caffeoylisocitric acid (C-IA) and regarding food occurrence, C-IA is exclusively found in various amaranth species. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory activity of C-IA, chlorogenic acid, and caffeic acid in LPS-challenged macrophages (RAW 264.7) has been investigated and cellular contents of the caffeic acid derivatives (CADs) were quantified in the cells and media. The CADs were quantified in the cell lysates in nanomolar concentrations, indicating a cellular uptake. Treatment of LPS-challenged RAW 264.7 cells with 10 µM of CADs counteracted the LPS effects and led to significantly lower mRNA and protein levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin 6, by directly decreasing the translocation of the nuclear factor κB/Rel-like containing protein 65 into the nucleus. This work provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms that attribute to amaranth's anti-inflammatory properties and highlights C-IA's potential as a health-beneficial compound for future research.}, language = {en} } @article{FrankenDegelingPreisfeld2023, author = {Franken, Nadine and Degeling, Maria and Preisfeld, Angelika}, title = {Am Puls der (digitalen) Zeit?}, series = {Reflexion in der Lehrkr{\"a}ftebildung: Empirisch - Phasen{\"u}bergreifend - Interdisziplin{\"a}r (Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 4)}, journal = {Reflexion in der Lehrkr{\"a}ftebildung: Empirisch - Phasen{\"u}bergreifend - Interdisziplin{\"a}r (Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 4)}, number = {4}, editor = {Mientus, Lukas and Klempin, Christiane and Nowak, Anna}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-566-8}, issn = {2626-3556}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63140}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-631402}, pages = {221 -- 231}, year = {2023}, abstract = {In diesem Beitrag wird ein geplantes digitales Lehrkonzept f{\"u}r die universit{\"a}re Begleitung des Praxissemesters in den F{\"a}chern Biologie und Mathematik vorgestellt. Darin setzen sich Studierende im Praxissemester selbstst{\"a}ndig fachspezifische Schwerpunkte f{\"u}r die Planung, Durchf{\"u}hrung und Reflexion von Unterrichtsprojekten in der Schule. Optimalerweise ergibt sich aus den Unterrichtsprojekten auch eine fachbezogene Fragestellung, die von den Studierenden im Zuge Forschenden Lernens ergr{\"u}ndet werden kann. Begleitet wird der gesamte Prozess durch systematisch angeleitete E-Peer-Assessments (E-PA). Dabei treten Studierende in Peers in den digitalen, schriftlichen Dialog {\"u}ber Unterricht und durchlaufen gemeinsam Reflexions- und Feedbackschleifen, welche durch die universit{\"a}re Seminarleitung instruiert werden.}, language = {de} } @article{BadePicatChungetal.2022, author = {Bade, Nadine and Picat, Leo and Chung, WooJin and Mascarenhas, Salvador}, title = {Alternatives and attention in language and reasoning: A reply to Mascarenhas \& Picat (2019)}, series = {Semantics and Pragmatics}, volume = {15}, journal = {Semantics and Pragmatics}, publisher = {Linguistic Society of America}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1937-8912}, doi = {10.3765/sp.15.2}, pages = {31}, year = {2022}, abstract = {In this paper, we employ an experimental paradigm using insights from the psychology of reasoning to investigate the question whether certain modals generate and draw attention to alternatives. The article extends and builds on the methodology and findings of Mascarenhas \& Picat (2019). Based on experimental results, they argue that the English epistemic modal might raises alternatives. We apply the same methodology to the English modal allowed to to test different hypotheses regarding the involvement of alternatives in deontic modality. We find commonalities and differences between the two modals we tested. We discuss theoretical consequences for existing semantic analyses of these modals, and argue that reasoning tasks can serve as a diagnostic tool to discover which natural language expressions involve alternatives.}, language = {en} } @article{StreflerKrieglerBaueretal.2021, author = {Strefler, Jessica and Kriegler, Elmar and Bauer, Nico and Luderer, Gunnar and Pietzcker, Robert C. and Giannousakis, Anastasis and Edenhofer, Ottmar}, title = {Alternative carbon price trajectories can avoid excessive carbon removal}, series = {Nature communications}, volume = {12}, journal = {Nature communications}, number = {1}, publisher = {Nature Publishing Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-021-22211-2}, pages = {8}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The large majority of climate change mitigation scenarios that hold warming below 2 °C show high deployment of carbon dioxide removal (CDR), resulting in a peak-and-decline behavior in global temperature. This is driven by the assumption of an exponentially increasing carbon price trajectory which is perceived to be economically optimal for meeting a carbon budget. However, this optimality relies on the assumption that a finite carbon budget associated with a temperature target is filled up steadily over time. The availability of net carbon removals invalidates this assumption and therefore a different carbon price trajectory should be chosen. We show how the optimal carbon price path for remaining well below 2 °C limits CDR demand and analyze requirements for constructing alternatives, which may be easier to implement in reality. We show that warming can be held at well below 2 °C at much lower long-term economic effort and lower CDR deployment and therefore lower risks if carbon prices are high enough in the beginning to ensure target compliance, but increase at a lower rate after carbon neutrality has been reached.}, language = {en} } @article{JonasSchwerbelZellneretal.2022, author = {Jonas, Wenke and Schwerbel, Kristin and Zellner, Lisa and J{\"a}hnert, Markus and Gottmann, Pascal and Sch{\"u}rmann, Annette}, title = {Alterations of lipid profile in livers with impaired lipophagy}, series = {International journal of molecular sciences}, volume = {23}, journal = {International journal of molecular sciences}, number = {19}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1422-0067}, doi = {10.3390/ijms231911863}, pages = {12}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by excessive lipid accumulation in the liver. Various mechanisms such as an increased uptake in fatty acids or de novo synthesis contribute to the development of steatosis and progression to more severe stages. Furthermore, it has been shown that impaired lipophagy, the degradation of lipids by autophagic processes, contributes to NAFLD. Through an unbiased lipidome analysis of mouse livers in a genetic model of impaired lipophagy, we aimed to determine the resulting alterations in the lipidome. Observed changes overlap with those of the human disease. Overall, the entire lipid content and in particular the triacylglycerol concentration increased under conditions of impaired lipophagy. In addition, we detected a reduction in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and an increased ratio of n-6 PUFAs to n-3 PUFAs, which was due to the depletion of n-3 PUFAs. Although the abundance of major phospholipid classes was reduced, the ratio of phosphatidylcholines to phosphatidylethanolamines was not affected. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that impaired lipophagy contributes to the pathology of NAFLD and is associated with an altered lipid profile. However, the lipid pattern does not appear to be specific for lipophagic alterations, as it resembles mainly that described in relation to fatty liver disease.}, language = {en} } @article{BuschBlasimannMayeretal.2021, author = {Busch, Aglaja and Blasimann, Angela and Mayer, Frank and Baur, Heiner}, title = {Alterations in sensorimotor function after ACL reconstruction during active joint position sense testing. A systematic review}, series = {PLOS ONE}, volume = {16}, journal = {PLOS ONE}, number = {6}, publisher = {PLOS}, address = {San Francisco}, issn = {1932-6203}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0253503}, pages = {14}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Background The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture can lead to impaired knee function. Reconstruction decreases the mechanical instability but might not have an impact on sensorimotor alterations. Objective Evaluation of the sensorimotor function measured with the active joint position sense (JPS) test in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructed patients compared to the contralateral side and a healthy control group. Methods The databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PEDro, Cochrane Library and SPORTDiscus were systematically searched from origin until April 2020. Studies published in English, German, French, Spanish or Italian language were included. Evaluation of the sensorimotor performance was restricted to the active joint position sense test in ACL reconstructed participants or healthy controls. The Preferred Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Study quality was evaluated using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Data was descriptively synthesized. Results Ten studies were included after application of the selective criteria. Higher angular deviation, reaching significant difference (p < 0.001) in one study, was shown up to three months after surgery in the affected limb. Six months post-operative significantly less error (p < 0.01) was found in the reconstructed leg compared to the contralateral side and healthy controls. One or more years after ACL reconstruction significant differences were inconsistent along the studies. Conclusions Altered sensorimotor function was present after ACL reconstruction. Due to inconsistencies and small magnitudes, clinical relevance might be questionable. JPS testing can be performed in acute injured persons and prospective studies could enhance knowledge of sensorimotor function throughout the rehabilitative processes.}, language = {en} } @article{MachlebSeyboth2021, author = {Machleb, Franziska and Seyboth, Margret}, title = {Alles kann besser werden!}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, number = {14}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-507-1}, issn = {1866-9085}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-51041}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-510412}, pages = {121 -- 137}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @article{SchubarthMauermeisterSchulzeReicheltetal.2020, author = {Schubarth, Wilfried and Mauermeister, Sylvi and Schulze-Reichelt, Friederike and Erdmann, Melinda}, title = {Alles auf (Studien-)Anfang? Faktoren f{\"u}r den Studienerfolg in der Eingangsphase und zur Studienmitte}, series = {Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Hochschulforschung}, journal = {Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Hochschulforschung}, number = {6}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-498-2}, issn = {2192-1075}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-49262}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-492623}, pages = {27 -- 54}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Die hohen Abbruchquoten, insbesondere in der Studieneingangsphase, haben die Hochschulen in Deutschland veranlasst, eine Vielzahl von Maßnahmen zu ergreifen, {\"u}ber deren Wirkungen bisher allerdings wenig bekannt ist. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Befunde eines Forschungsprojekts speziell zur Studieneingangsphase sowie erg{\"a}nzend zur Studienmitte vorgestellt, dessen Ziel es war, Bedingungen eines erfolgreichen Studieneinstiegs zu identifizieren und Empfehlungen f{\"u}r eine Optimierung des Studieneingangs abzuleiten. Das Forschungsdesign umfasste neben qualitativen Studien vor allem eine quantitative L{\"a}ngsschnittbefragung an f{\"u}nf Universit{\"a}ten (Potsdam, Mainz, Magdeburg, Kiel und Greifswald). Im Ergebnis der Analysen konnte die forschungsleitende Hypothese, dass Maßnahmen zum Studieneingang vor allem dann zur Erh{\"o}hung des Studienerfolgs einen Beitrag leisten, wenn sie zur akademischen und sozialen Integration in die Hochschule beitragen, best{\"a}tigt werden. Bedeutsam f{\"u}r den Studienerfolg sind demnach insbesondere solche Faktoren wie die Identifikation mit dem Studienfach, die Selbstwirksamkeit, die berufliche bzw. erfolgsorientierte Lernmotivation und die akademische Integration. Daneben konnte ein positiver Einfluss des sozialen Klimas sowie des Forschungs- und Praxisbezugs auf die Studienzufriedenheit nachgewiesen werden. Weiterf{\"u}hrende Analysen zur Studienmitte verdeutlichen zudem, dass f{\"u}r die beiden Studienphasen (Eingang und Studienmitte) gleiche Faktoren bei zum Teil unterschiedlicher Gewichtung eine Rolle spielen. So ist die soziale Integration ein wesentlicher Pr{\"a}diktor in beiden Phasen - in der Eingangsphase eher in die Studierendenschaft und im weiteren Studienverlauf (Studienmitte) eher in die akademische Gemeinschaft (in Form von Lehrenden). Insofern muss die Eingangsfrage wie folgt beantwortet werden: Ja, alles auf Anfang, aber dann mit den Bem{\"u}hungen, soziale und akademische Integration aller Studierenden voll und ganz zu gew{\"a}hrleisten. Zudem machen die Befunde auf die bisher offenbar untersch{\"a}tzte Rolle von Verwertungsmotiven aufmerksam.}, language = {de} } @article{WarszawskiKrieglerLentonetal.2021, author = {Warszawski, Lila and Kriegler, Elmar and Lenton, Timothy M. and Gaffney, Owen and Jacob, Daniela and Klingenfeld, Daniel and Koide, Ryu and Costa, Mar{\´i}a M{\´a}{\~n}ez and Messner, Dirk and Nakicenovic, Nebojsa and Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim and Schlosser, Peter and Takeuchi, Kazuhiko and van der Leeuw, Sander and Whiteman, Gail and Rockstr{\"o}m, Johan}, title = {All options, not silver bullets, needed to limit global warming to 1.5 °C}, series = {Environmental research letters}, volume = {16}, journal = {Environmental research letters}, number = {6}, publisher = {IOP Publishing}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {1748-9326}, doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/abfeec}, pages = {15}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Climate science provides strong evidence of the necessity of limiting global warming to 1.5 °C, in line with the Paris Climate Agreement. The IPCC 1.5 °C special report (SR1.5) presents 414 emissions scenarios modelled for the report, of which around 50 are classified as '1.5 °C scenarios', with no or low temperature overshoot. These emission scenarios differ in their reliance on individual mitigation levers, including reduction of global energy demand, decarbonisation of energy production, development of land-management systems, and the pace and scale of deploying carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies. The reliance of 1.5 °C scenarios on these levers needs to be critically assessed in light of the potentials of the relevant technologies and roll-out plans. We use a set of five parameters to bundle and characterise the mitigation levers employed in the SR1.5 1.5 °C scenarios. For each of these levers, we draw on the literature to define 'medium' and 'high' upper bounds that delineate between their 'reasonable', 'challenging' and 'speculative' use by mid century. We do not find any 1.5 °C scenarios that stay within all medium upper bounds on the five mitigation levers. Scenarios most frequently 'over use' CDR with geological storage as a mitigation lever, whilst reductions of energy demand and carbon intensity of energy production are 'over used' less frequently. If we allow mitigation levers to be employed up to our high upper bounds, we are left with 22 of the SR1.5 1.5 °C scenarios with no or low overshoot. The scenarios that fulfil these criteria are characterised by greater coverage of the available mitigation levers than those scenarios that exceed at least one of the high upper bounds. When excluding the two scenarios that exceed the SR1.5 carbon budget for limiting global warming to 1.5 °C, this subset of 1.5 °C scenarios shows a range of 15-22 Gt CO2 (16-22 Gt CO2 interquartile range) for emissions in 2030. For the year of reaching net zero CO2 emissions the range is 2039-2061 (2049-2057 interquartile range).}, language = {en} } @article{MientusWulffNowaketal.2023, author = {Mientus, Lukas and Wulff, Peter and Nowak, Anna and Borowski, Andreas}, title = {Algorithmen als Dozierende?}, series = {PSI-Potsdam: Ergebnisbericht zu den Aktivit{\"a}ten im Rahmen der Qualit{\"a}tsoffensive Lehrerbildung (2019-2023) (Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 3)}, journal = {PSI-Potsdam: Ergebnisbericht zu den Aktivit{\"a}ten im Rahmen der Qualit{\"a}tsoffensive Lehrerbildung (2019-2023) (Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 3)}, number = {3}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-568-2}, issn = {2626-3556}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-61640}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-616407}, pages = {117 -- 129}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Auf maschinellem Lernen basierende Tools haben schon l{\"a}ngst Einzug in unseren Alltag gefunden und so konnten auch in der Lehrkr{\"a}ftebildung erste Anwendungen entwickelt, erprobt und evaluiert werden. Im Teilprojekt Physikdidaktik des Schwerpunktes 2 „Schulpraktische Studien" wurden auf Basis eines Rahmenmodells f{\"u}r Reflexion (Nowak et al., 2019) automatisierte Analysemethoden (Wulff et al., 2020) entwickelt und fanden Einzug in universit{\"a}re fachdidaktische Lehre (Mientus et al., 2021a). Mit dem Projekt konnten Potenziale KI-basierter Unterst{\"u}tzung aufgezeigt und verstetigt sowie spezifische Herausforderungen identifiziert werden. Dieser Beitrag skizziert ausgew{\"a}hlte Anwendungsm{\"o}glichkeiten und weiterf{\"u}hrende Forschungen unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Akzeptanz computerunterst{\"u}tzter Lehre.}, language = {de} } @article{Knobloch2014, author = {Knobloch, Eberhard}, title = {Alexandre de Humboldt et le Marquis de Laplace}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XV}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {29}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-84814}, pages = {23 -- 35}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Pierre-Simon Marquis de Laplace joua un r{\^o}le {\´e}minent dans la vie scientifique d'Alexandre de Humboldt. Humboldt avait fait la connaissance du savant fran{\c{c}}ais qui avait vingt ans de plus que lui-m{\^e}me {\`a} Paris en 1798. L'article de Eberhard Knobloch examine la relation entre ces deux g{\´e}ants de la science en s'appuyant entre autre pour la premi{\`e}re fois sur des documents in{\´e}dits: les quatre lettres de Laplace {\`a} Humboldt, le journal d'Humboldt et sur le mat{\´e}riel d'archives conserv{\´e} aux Archives de l'Acad{\´e}mie des Sciences de Berlin-Brandebourg.}, language = {fr} } @article{Seemann2020, author = {Seemann, J{\"o}rn}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt's Search for the Casiquiare Canal}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XXI}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {41}, editor = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2568-3543}, doi = {10.18443/298}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-488363}, pages = {77 -- 106}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Though Humboldt's travels to the Americas have been analyzed from a wide range of viewpoints, there are specific aspects that still await further investigation. Little is written about Humboldt in the field, specifically how he moved between different locations and simultaneously measured and mapped places and phenomena. The aim of this article is to discuss the triad movement-measure-ment-map that led to the development of specific practices of knowledge building on the move. Humboldt's search for the connections between the watersheds of the Orinoco and the Amazon rivers and the resulting maps and drawings are used as an example to point out his cartographic impulse in his quest to understand and explain the physical world.}, language = {en} } @article{Werner2015, author = {Werner, Anja}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt's footnotes}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XV}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {28}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-84076}, pages = {59 -- 67}, year = {2015}, abstract = {Alexander von Humboldts Fußnoten waren ihrer Zeit weit voraus, obwohl sie kaum den heutigen akademischen Standards entsprechen. Dieser Artikel untersucht die Fußnoten in Humboldts Essai politique sur l'{\^i}le de Cuba (1826). Zwar ist es nicht immer leicht, die manchmal recht geheimnisvollen Verweise zu entschl{\"u}sseln, dennoch lohnt sich der Versuch: Humboldts Fußnoten geben nicht nur Auskunft {\"u}ber seine umfassenden Netzwerke des Wissens. Sie verweisen auch auf Auseinandersetzungen verschiedener Gelehrter {\"u}ber Humboldts Schriften. Schließlich beinhalten sie Humboldts Reaktionen auf solche Auseinandersetzungen. Eine Untersuchung von Humboldts Fußnoten erlaubt es folglich dem Leser, mehr {\"u}ber Humboldt den Wissenschaftler aber auch Humboldt den Mensch zu erfahren.}, language = {en} } @article{LeBrunRicalensLujanWey2021, author = {Le Brun-Ricalens, Foni and Luj{\´a}n, Leonardo L{\´o}pez and Wey, Claude}, title = {Alexander von Humboldts „Aztekische Priesterin" alias die Chalchiuhtlicue aus der Sammlung Guillermo Dupaix. Historiografi scher Essay einer Translokation von Mexico-Stadt nach London}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz}, volume = {XXII}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz}, number = {43}, editor = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2568-3543}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-53280}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-532802}, pages = {13 -- 28}, year = {2021}, abstract = {W{\"a}hrend seines Aufenthalts 1803 in Mexiko machte von Humboldt die Bekanntschaft von Dupaix, einem spanischen Soldaten luxemburgischer Herkunft und Liebhaber pr{\"a}kolumbischer Altert{\"u}mer. Die Entdeckung verschiedener Manuskripte Dupaix' sowie die Untersuchung diverser Archive und pers{\"o}nlicher Aufzeichnungen des Freiherrn und von Dokumenten unterschiedlicher Institutionen beiderseits des Atlantiks erlauben es, den außergew{\"o}hnlichen Weg eines ber{\"u}hmten mexikanischen Objekts, der Chalchiuhtlicue, nachzuvollziehen, die der preußische Forschungsreisende 1810 als „aztekische Priesterin" in seinem Buch Vues des cordill{\`e}res … beschrieben hatte. Der vorliegende Beitrag versucht, die verschiedenen Besitzer und die Umst{\"a}nde nachzuzeichnen, welche die Wanderung dieser emblematischen pr{\"a}hispanischen Statuette von Mexiko-Stadt nach London fast ein halbes Jahrhundert lang begleitet haben.}, language = {de} } @article{Knobloch2023, author = {Knobloch, Eberhard}, title = {Alexander von Humboldts unbekannter Briefwechsel mit Ludwig August von Buch}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XXIV}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {47}, editor = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2568-3543}, doi = {10.18443/358}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-616642}, pages = {5 -- 13}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Alexander von Humboldt f{\"u}hrte einen bisher v{\"o}llig unbekannten Briefwechsel mit Ludwig August von Buch, einem Neffen des ber{\"u}hmten Geologen Leopold von Buch. Die drei in franz{\"o}sischer Sprache verfassten und in Rom aufbewahrten Briefe werden zum ersten Mal publiziert. Sie berichten insbesondere {\"u}ber interessante Details von Humboldts Russland-Reise und enthalten ein Empfehlungsschreiben f{\"u}r den Offizier und Historiker Leopold von Orlich.}, language = {de} } @article{Knobloch2023, author = {Knobloch, Eberhard}, title = {Alexander von Humboldts Naturgem{\"a}lde der Anden}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XXIV}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {47}, editor = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard}, issn = {2568-3543}, doi = {10.18443/360}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-617900}, pages = {109 -- 122}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Redaktionelle Bearbeitung: Ulrich P{\"a}ßler und Ingo Schwarz}, language = {de} } @article{Mikolajczyk2017, author = {Mikolajczyk, Aniela Maria}, title = {Alexander von Humboldts Manuskript Isle de Cube}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XVIII}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {34}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, doi = {10.18443/248}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395773}, pages = {58 -- 79}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Das von Alexander von Humboldt ab 1804 oder sp{\"a}ter verfasste Manuskript „Isle de Cube. Antilles en g{\´e}n{\´e}ral" wurde erst k{\"u}rzlich zum ersten Mal ver{\"o}ffentlicht. Es stellt die Grundlage f{\"u}r den Essai politique sur l'{\^i}le de Cuba (1826) dar, der als das „wichtigste liberale Manifest des 19. Jahrhunderts gegen die Sklaverei" gilt. Ziel der Untersuchung ist, die textgenetische inhaltliche und stilistische Entwicklung vom Manuskript zur Publikation ansatzweise nachverfolgen zu k{\"o}nnen, um R{\"u}ckschl{\"u}sse auf Humboldts Arbeitsweise und Strategien als Autor mit einem politischen Anliegen zu ziehen.}, language = {de} } @article{Honigmann2015, author = {Honigmann, Peter}, title = {Alexander von Humboldts Journale seiner russisch-sibirischen Reise 1829}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XV}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {28}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-84080}, pages = {68 -- 77}, year = {2015}, language = {de} } @article{Faak2015, author = {Faak, Margot}, title = {Alexander von Humboldts Amerikareise}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XVI}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {31}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, doi = {10.18443/226}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-89029}, pages = {115 -- 121}, year = {2015}, abstract = {F{\"u}r Margot Faak (1926-2015) Am 14. Juni 2015 starb unsere Kollegin Margot Faak im 89. Lebensjahr. Wir erinnern an sie mit Worten des Abschieds von Eberhard Knobloch und dem Wiederabdruck eines Aufsatzes aus ihrer Feder von 1999. Die Neuver{\"o}ffentlichung erfolgt mit freundlicher Genehmigung der Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung. Der Text wurde in den Fußnoten durch einige aktuelle bibliographische und sachliche Angaben erg{\"a}nzt. HiN VII, 13 (2006) war Margot Faak zu ihrem 80. Geburtstag gewidmet. Das Heft enth{\"a}lt einen Lebenslauf und ein Verzeichnis ihrer Schriften. Berlin, Oktober 2015 Regina Mikosch und Ingo Schwarz}, language = {de} } @article{Stottmeister2020, author = {Stottmeister, Ulrich Karl Bernd}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt zur „Weberei der Alten": „Ich habe die Entdekkung gemacht….!"}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XXI}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {41}, editor = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2568-3543}, doi = {10.18443/297}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-488375}, pages = {107 -- 154}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Im Jahre 1789 hatte Alexander von Humboldt als Student in G{\"o}ttingen mit großem Enthusiasmus ein Manuskript zur „Weberei der Alten" verfasst. Es war das Ziel seiner Studie, die Technologie und die Terminologie der antiken Weberei zu erfassen und beide Gebiete vereint darzustellen. Dieses Manuskript ist nicht ver{\"o}ffentlicht worden und gilt als verschollen. Alexander von Humboldt hatte offenbar neue Erkenntnisse gewonnen, denen er so große Bedeutung beimaß, dass er den Verlust seines Manuskriptes noch {\"u}ber 50 Jahre nach dessen Abfassung bedauerte. Humboldt benennt gl{\"u}cklicherweise in {\"u}berlieferten Briefen verschiedene Grundgedanken seiner damaligen Arbeit. In der vorliegenden Studie wird unter Einbeziehung aktueller technikhistorischer Erkenntnisse nachgewiesen, dass der junge Alexander von Humboldt das f{\"u}r alle Webtechniken g{\"u}ltige Prinzip in seinen Grundz{\"u}gen erkannt hatte.}, language = {de} } @article{GomezGutierrez2016, author = {G{\´o}mez Guti{\´e}rrez, Alberto}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt y la cooperaci{\´o}n transcontinental en la Geograf{\´i}a de las plantas}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XVII}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {33}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, doi = {10.18443/238}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98893}, pages = {24 -- 51}, year = {2016}, abstract = {El Ensayo sobre la geograf{\´i}a de las plantas de Alexander von Humboldt ha trascendido como una de sus principales propuestas cient{\´i}ficas, fundamento de lo que se conoce hoy como "biogeograf{\´i}a". El origen de este concepto es difuso hasta el momento de la publicaci{\´o}n simult{\´a}nea de su obra en Par{\´i}s y en T{\"u}bingen, en 1807. El presente art{\´i}culo propone contrastar la primera versi{\´o}n manuscrita de este ensayo, elaborada en 1803 en Guayaquil y luego le{\´i}da en 1805 en el Institut National de Paris, con la obra contempor{\´a}nea del neogranadino Francisco Jos{\´e} de Caldas, con quien convivi{\´o} en Quito en el primer semestre de 1802.}, language = {es} } @article{SchulzLuepertz2022, author = {Schulz-L{\"u}pertz, Eberhard}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt und Ulrich Jasper Seetzen}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XXIII}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {44}, editor = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-58987}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-589870}, pages = {95 -- 130}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die beiden Forschungsreisenden Alexander von Humboldt und Ulrich Jasper Seetzen haben sich w{\"a}hrend der gemeinsamen Studienzeit in G{\"o}ttingen kennengelernt und sich dort {\"u}ber ihre Arbeiten zur Naturkunde ausgetauscht. Sp{\"a}ter brach Seetzen, wie Humboldt, zu einer großen Expedition auf, die ihn als ersten Europ{\"a}er durch das zentrale Afrika f{\"u}hren sollte. Seine Forschungen im Nahen Osten gelten bis heute als Pionierleistungen der Orientalistik. Das Unternehmen fand auf der arabischen Halbinsel ein vorzeitiges, tragisches Ende. {\"U}ber die Beziehung der beiden Kommilitonen w{\"a}hrend ihrer G{\"o}ttinger Zeit war bislang wenig bekannt. Ein k{\"u}rzlich entdecktes Brieffragment erm{\"o}glicht neue Einblicke. Es erweist sich als eine Abschrift Seetzens aus einem bislang unbekannten Brief des einundzwanzigj{\"a}hrigen Humboldt {\"u}ber dessen Helgolandreise 1790. Im Zusammenhang mit weiteren Quellen kann diese Jugendfreundschaft nun besser bewertet werden.}, language = {de} } @article{Zielnica2024, author = {Zielnica, Krzystof}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt und Polen - zum 150. Jahrestag seiner Reise nach Warschau}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XXV}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {48}, editor = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2568-3543}, doi = {10.18443/368}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-646635}, pages = {87 -- 101}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Zuerst erschienen in: Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung. Mitteilungen, 5. Jg., Heft 38, Oktober 1980, S. 27-36.}, language = {en} } @article{DrozdowskaBroering2017, author = {Drozdowska-Broering, Izabela}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt und die polnische Wissenschafts- und Kulturwelt}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XVIII}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {34}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, doi = {10.18443/249}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395750}, pages = {16 -- 28}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Alexander von Humboldt war in Polen bereits im ausgehenden 18. Jahrhundert ber{\"u}hmt geworden. Er reiste mehrmals nach Polen und unterhielt Kontakte zu polnischen oder polnischst{\"a}mmigen Wissenschaftlern. Aus den 30er und 40er Jahren stammen die meisten schriftlichen Belege, die von Beziehungen Humboldts zu solchen Pers{\"o}nlichkeiten wie Ludwik Zejszner, J{\´o}zef Waraszkiewicz oder Filip Neryusz Walter zeugen. Nicht nachweisbar ist heute daf{\"u}r Humboldts Kontakt zu Wincenty Pol sowie zu Ignacy Domeyko. Humboldt inspiriert nicht nur polnische Wissenschaftler, sondern auch f{\"u}hrende polnische Dichter der Romantik. Viele polnische Exilanten verdanken dem deutschen Gelehrten wertvolle Kontakte, Empfehlungsschreiben und Gesuche bei damaligen Machthabern.}, language = {de} } @article{Knobloch2012, author = {Knobloch, Eberhard}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt und Carl Friedrich Gauß}, volume = {XIII}, number = {25}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-62422}, pages = {63 -- 79}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Daniel Kehlmanns Roman „Die Vermessung der Welt" wird hoch gepriesen und streng kritisiert. Kehlmanns Kritiker lesen seine Satire als eine verf{\"a}lschte Biographie von Gauss und Humboldt, obwohl der Autor wiederholt selbstironische Bemerkungen eingestreut hat, die sein wahres Ziel offenbaren. Der Aufsatz bem{\"u}ht sich, Kehlmanns fiktiven Roman angemessen zu beurteilen und einige der wirklichen Aktivit{\"a}ten und Errungenschaften von Gauss und Humboldt zu charakterisieren, indem Kehlmanns erz{\"a}hlte mit den historischen Tatsachen verglichen werden. Beide Wissenschaftler waren stark am Erdmagnetismus interessiert, was zeitweise zu einigen Spannungen zwischen ihnen f{\"u}hrte. Humboldts Messmethoden und seine {\"U}berzeugung, dass alles Wechselwirkung ist, waren zwei Seiten derselben Medaille. Nur numerische Elemente konnten helfen, die Gesetze zu finden, die die Natur regieren. Humboldts wissenschaftliche Techniken und Ziele (Methode der Mittelwerte) waren gut begr{\"u}ndet. Humboldts Reisen und Forschen bildeten eine untrennbare Einheit. Humboldts Naturbegriff schloss beide M{\"o}glichkeiten ein, das heißt die natura naturans und die natura naturata, die schaffende und herrschende Natur und die Natur, die von bestimmten Gesetzen beherrscht war. Sein {\"u}berragendes Interesse an Naturgesetzen gr{\"u}ndete auf der {\"U}berzeugung, dass sie ewig waren und dass sie die Ordnung und Ewigkeit der Welt garantierten.}, language = {de} } @article{Korneffel2022, author = {Korneffel, Peter}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt postfrisch}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XXIII}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {44}, editor = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-58943}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-589433}, pages = {59 -- 82}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Seit 1950 erschienen weltweit {\"u}ber hundert Briefmarken mit Alexander von Humboldt und/oder seinen grafischen Arbeiten als Motive. Peter Korneffel verarbeitete die komplette Sammlung der Marken aus {\"u}ber 25 L{\"a}ndern zu dem Buch Alexander von Humboldt. Weltmarken sowie zu mehreren philatelistischen Ausstellungen und Vortr{\"a}gen. Der Festvortrag vom 5.9.2019 in Berlin zum offiziellen Erscheinen der Sonderbriefmarke 250. Geburtstag Alexander von Humboldt bildet die Grundlage zu diesem Beitrag. Die Motive, ihre Gestaltung, ihre thematische Kontextualisierung, sowie die Herausgeber und die Zeitpunkte des Erscheinens der jeweiligen Briefmarken dokumentieren eine teils zuf{\"a}llige und teils {\"u}berraschende Humboldt-Rezeption. Recherchierte Hintergr{\"u}nde zu den Ausgaben und Illustrationen vertiefen hierin eine bislang weitestgehend unbekannte Rezeptionsgeschichte.}, language = {de} } @article{Suckow2014, author = {Suckow, Christian}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt in Ust'-Kamenogorsk}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XV}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {29}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-84848}, pages = {58 -- 69}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Auf seiner russisch-sibirischen Reise im Jahre 1829 ber{\"u}hrte Alexander von Humboldt zweimal Ust'-Kamenogorsk (heute kasachisch {\"O}skemen), die kleine Stadt am Irtyš, an der S{\"u}dgrenze des Russischen Reiches. Christian Suckow beschreibt Humboldts kurzen, zweit{\"a}gigen Aufenthalt an dem Ort, der Ausgangs- und Endpunkt der Exkursion zur Silbergrube Zyrjanovsk im s{\"u}dwestlichen Altai und nach Baty an die chinesische Grenze war.}, language = {de} } @article{Ette2012, author = {Ette, Ottmar}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt in Daniel Kehlmanns Welt}, volume = {XIII}, number = {25}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-62391}, pages = {34 -- 40}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Wie stark sich im Verlauf des zur{\"u}ckliegenden Vierteljahrhunderts der Bekanntheitsgrad Alexander von Humboldts in der deutschsprachigen {\"O}ffentlichkeit ver{\"a}ndert hat, zeigen nicht nur Fernsehumfragen zu den ber{\"u}hmtesten Deutschen, in denen Alexander von Humboldt mittlerweile figuriert, oder Fernsehserien, die {\"u}ber aktuelle Expeditionen berichten und auf Humboldts Namen zur{\"u}ckgreifen. Am deutlichsten vielleicht belegt dies der enorme Erfolg von Daniel Kehlmanns Roman Die Vermessung der Welt, der ohne die zuvor skizzierte Entwicklung nicht denkbar gewesen w{\"a}re. Es ist vor diesem Hintergrund nicht nur reizvoll, sondern aufschlußreich, sich mit dem großen Erfolg dieses kleinen Romans zu besch{\"a}ftigen. Worum geht es in Die Vermessung der Welt? Und wie l{\"a}ßt sich das »Ph{\"a}nomen Kehlmann« aus etwas gr{\"o}ßerer Distanz erkl{\"a}ren?}, language = {de} } @article{Ette2022, author = {Ette, Ottmar}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt im Archiv}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XXIII}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {45}, editor = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2568-3543}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-59232}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-592326}, pages = {13 -- 28}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Der Aufsatz erschließt die Anf{\"a}nge, Ergebnisse und Erfolge der editionsphilologischen Arbeit im laufenden Projekt des BBAW-Langzeitvorhabens „Alexander von Humboldt auf Reisen - Wissenschaft aus der Bewegung" und gibt einen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die Zuk{\"u}nfte philologischen Arbeitens mit den Methoden der Digital Humanities. Dabei werden auch bibliophile Druckausgaben digitaler Publikationen und die kontinuierliche {\"O}ffentlichkeitsarbeit der Figur Alexander von Humboldts in den Blick genommen, was durch zahlreiche Vernetzungen zwischen Institutionen international gef{\"o}rdert und durch kontinuierliche Kooperationen insbesondere durch das neu gegr{\"u}ndete Humboldt Center for Transdisciplinary Studies (HCTS) in China/Changsha erweitert wird. Diskutiert wird die wissenschaftliche Bedeutung der graphischen und visuellen Dimension des Humboldt'schen Archivs, die durch die digitale Aufbereitung des Materials Forscher:innen weltweit miteinander verbindet und neue Forschungskonzepte er{\"o}ffnet.}, language = {de} } @article{Rott2016, author = {Rott, B{\"a}rbel}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt brachte Guano nach Europa - mit ungeahnten globalen Folgen}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XVII}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {32}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, doi = {10.18443/234}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-90802}, pages = {84 -- 111}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Die vorliegende Abhandlung besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit einem bisher wenig beachteten Aspekt von Humboldts Amerikanischer Reise (1799─1804). W{\"a}hrend seine Studien der Pflanzen- und Tierwelt bis heute große Aufmerksamkeit genießen, wird Humboldts Beitrag zu der Entwicklung der modernen Landwirtschaft wenig beachtet. W{\"a}hrend seines Aufenthalts in Lima erhielt er Proben von Guano, Vogelmist von den Chincha-Inseln vor der peruanischen K{\"u}ste. Einige Proben, die er von dieser Reise zur{\"u}ckbrachte, wurden von Wissenschaftlern in Frankreich und Deutschland untersucht. Die Analysenergebnisse zeigten außerordentlich hohe Gehalte an Pflanzenn{\"a}hrstoffen, insbesondere Stickstoff und Phosphor. In den folgenden Jahrzehnten wurde Guano zu einem bedeutsamen D{\"u}ngemittel und Ausl{\"o}ser eines Booms in Europa und Peru. Die Auswirkungen dieser Entwicklung sind bis heute sichtbar und werden hier unter besonderer Beachtung von Phosphor beschrieben.}, language = {de} } @article{Schwarz2014, author = {Schwarz, Oliver}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt als astronomischer Arbeiter, Diskussionspartner und Ideengeber}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XV}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {29}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-84823}, pages = {36 -- 47}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Auf welche Weise sich unsere Einsch{\"a}tzung des wissenschaftlichen Wirkens Alexander von Humboldts auf Grundlage der best{\"a}ndig voranschreitenden Erschließung seiner Handschriften ver{\"a}ndern konnte und welche aktuellen wissenschaftshistorischen Fragestellungen dadurch aufgeworfen wurden, verdeutlicht Oliver Schwarz an Beispielen aus der Astronomie.}, language = {de} } @article{PuigSamperRebok2007, author = {Puig-Samper, Miguel {\´A}ngel and Rebok, Sandra}, title = {Alejandro de Humboldt y Espa{\~n}a}, volume = {VIII}, number = {15}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41696}, pages = {33 -- 47}, year = {2007}, abstract = {Este estudio ofrece una visi{\´o}n muy general de la estancia de Alexander von Humboldt en Espa{\~n}a en el primer semestre de 1799 as{\´i} como de la preparaci{\´o}n de su viaje americano durante ese espacio de tiempo. Gracias a diversos documentos que han podido ser localizados en el transcurso de un proyecto de investigaci{\´o}n sobre este tema se han podido llenar unos vanos en la investigaci{\´o}n humboldtiana. Se presentan los motivos por los que el prusiano, junto a su compa{\~n}ero de viaje franc{\´e}s Aim{\´e} Bonpland, emprendi{\´o} el camino hac{\´i}a la Pen{\´i}nsula Ib{\´e}rica, su itinerario y las actividades cient{\´i}ficas llevadas a cabo por ellos. Adem{\´a}s, se analiza el significado que para {\´e}l tuvo su estancia en Espa{\~n}a, interpretado a partir de sus propios escritos, y se describe as{\´i} mismo su colaboraci{\´o}n con la comunidad cient{\´i}fica de Madrid. Especial atenci{\´o}n se ha puesto en detallar la preparaci{\´o}n administrativa en Madrid de su expedici{\´o}n a Am{\´e}rica, as{\´i} como los documentos creados y utilizados en este proceso. En el anexo se adjuntan dos documentos poco conocidos: la memoria entregada por Humboldt al rey Carlos IV y un pasaporte firmado por Mariano Luis de Urquijo.}, language = {es} } @article{ReegStriglJeltsch2022, author = {Reeg, Jette and Strigl, Lea and Jeltsch, Florian}, title = {Agricultural buffer zone thresholds to safeguard functional bee diversity}, series = {Ecology and Evolution}, volume = {12}, journal = {Ecology and Evolution}, edition = {3}, publisher = {Wiley Online Library}, address = {Hoboken, New Jersey, USA}, issn = {2045-7758}, doi = {10.1002/ece3.8748}, pages = {1 -- 17}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Wild bee species are important pollinators in agricultural landscapes. However, population decline was reported over the last decades and is still ongoing. While agricultural intensification is a major driver of the rapid loss of pollinating species, transition zones between arable fields and forest or grassland patches, i.e., agricultural buffer zones, are frequently mentioned as suitable mitigation measures to support wild bee populations and other pollinator species. Despite the reported general positive effect, it remains unclear which amount of buffer zones is needed to ensure a sustainable and permanent impact for enhancing bee diversity and abundance. To address this question at a pollinator community level, we implemented a process-based, spatially explicit simulation model of functional bee diversity dynamics in an agricultural landscape. More specifically, we introduced a variable amount of agricultural buffer zones (ABZs) at the transition of arable to grassland, or arable to forest patches to analyze the impact on bee functional diversity and functional richness. We focused our study on solitary bees in a typical agricultural area in the Northeast of Germany. Our results showed positive effects with at least 25\% of virtually implemented agricultural buffer zones. However, higher amounts of ABZs of at least 75\% should be considered to ensure a sufficient increase in Shannon diversity and decrease in quasi-extinction risks. These high amounts of ABZs represent effective conservation measures to safeguard the stability of pollination services provided by solitary bee species. As the model structure can be easily adapted to other mobile species in agricultural landscapes, our community approach offers the chance to compare the effectiveness of conservation measures also for other pollinator communities in future.}, language = {en} } @article{SchlomannBuenningHippetal.2021, author = {Schlomann, Anna and B{\"u}nning, Mareike and Hipp, Lena and Wahl, Hans-Werner}, title = {Aging during COVID-19 in Germany}, series = {European journal of ageing : social, behavioural and health perspectives}, volume = {19}, journal = {European journal of ageing : social, behavioural and health perspectives}, number = {4}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {1613-9372}, doi = {10.1007/s10433-021-00655-1}, pages = {1077 -- 1086}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Existing theories of aging suggest that there may be similarities and differences in how COVID-19 impacts older people's psychosocial adaptation compared to younger age groups, particularly middle-aged individuals. To assess the degree to which these impacts vary, we analyzed data from 3098 participants between the ages of 40 and 79 from an online survey in Germany. Data were collected at three measurement occasions between the start of the nationwide lockdown in mid-March 2020 and the end of the lockdown in early August 2020. The survey focused on everyday experiences during the COVID-19 crisis and collected various satisfaction ratings (e.g., general life satisfaction, satisfaction with family life, satisfaction with social contacts). At baseline, participants also provided retrospective ratings of satisfaction for the period before the COVID-19 crisis. In our analyses, we compared satisfaction ratings of middle-aged (40-64 years) and older individuals (65-79 years) and found that both middle-aged and older participants experienced the greatest decreases in satisfaction with social contacts, with more pronounced decreases seen in middle-aged participants. A similar pattern was observed for general life satisfaction, but the overall decreases were less pronounced in both groups compared to the decreases in satisfaction with social contacts. We also observed a partial recovery effect in all measures at the last measurement occasion, and this effect was more pronounced in older adults. Findings were also confirmed using age as a continuous variable and checking for linear and nonlinear effects of outcomes across the age range. Although ageism arose during the pandemic in the sense that older adults were labeled as a "risk group," particularly at the start of the outbreak, we found consistently with other studies that middle-aged adults' satisfaction decreased to a greater extent than that of older adults.}, language = {en} } @article{MenzeMuellerMuelleretal.2022, author = {Menze, Inga and M{\"u}ller, Patrick and M{\"u}ller, Notger Germar and Schmicker, Marlen}, title = {Age-related cognitive effects of the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions and associated mental health changes in Germans}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {12}, journal = {Scientific reports}, number = {1}, publisher = {Nature portfolio}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-022-11283-9}, pages = {16}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Restrictive means to reduce the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic have not only imposed broad challenges on mental health but might also affect cognitive health. Here we asked how restriction-related changes influence cognitive performance and how age, perceived loneliness, depressiveness and affectedness by restrictions contribute to these effects. 51 Germans completed three assessments of an online based study during the first lockdown in Germany (April 2020), a month later, and during the beginning of the second lockdown (November 2020). Participants completed nine online cognitive tasks of the MyBrainTraining and online questionnaires about their perceived strain and impact on lifestyle factors by the situation (affectedness), perceived loneliness, depressiveness as well as subjective cognitive performance. The results suggested a possible negative impact of depressiveness and affectedness on objective cognitive performance within the course of the lockdown. The younger the participants, the more pronounced these effects were. Loneliness and depressiveness moreover contributed to a worse evaluation of subjective cognition. In addition, especially younger individuals reported increased distress. As important educational and social input has partly been scarce during this pandemic and mental health problems have increased, future research should also assess cognitive long-term consequences.}, language = {en} } @article{ZuhrDolmanHoetal.2022, author = {Zuhr, Alexandra M. and Dolman, Andrew M. and Ho, Sze Ling and Groeneveld, Jeroen and Loewemark, Ludvig and Grotheer, Hendrik and Su, Chih-Chieh and Laepple, Thomas}, title = {Age-heterogeneity in marine sediments revealed by three-dimensional high-resolution radiocarbon measurements}, series = {Frontiers in Earth Science}, volume = {10}, journal = {Frontiers in Earth Science}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {2296-6463}, doi = {10.3389/feart.2022.871902}, pages = {15}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Marine sedimentary archives are routinely used to reconstruct past environmental changes. In many cases, bioturbation and sedimentary mixing affect the proxy time-series and the age-depth relationship. While idealized models of bioturbation exist, they usually assume homogeneous mixing, thus that a single sample is representative for the sediment layer it is sampled from. However, it is largely unknown to which extent this assumption holds for sediments used for paleoclimate reconstructions. To shed light on 1) the age-depth relationship and its full uncertainty, 2) the magnitude of mixing processes affecting the downcore proxy variations, and 3) the representativity of the discrete sample for the sediment layer, we designed and performed a case study on South China Sea sediment material which was collected using a box corer and which covers the last glacial cycle. Using the radiocarbon content of foraminiferal tests as a tracer of time, we characterize the spatial age-heterogeneity of sediments in a three-dimensional setup. In total, 118 radiocarbon measurements were performed on defined small- and large-volume bulk samples ( similar to 200 specimens each) to investigate the horizontal heterogeneity of the sediment. Additionally, replicated measurements on small numbers of specimens (10 x 5 specimens) were performed to assess the heterogeneity within a sample volume. Visual assessment of X-ray images and a quantitative assessment of the mixing strength show typical mixing from bioturbation corresponding to around 10 cm mixing depth. Notably, our 3D radiocarbon distribution reveals that the horizontal heterogeneity (up to 1,250 years), contributing to the age uncertainty, is several times larger than the typically assumed radiocarbon based age-model error (single errors up to 250 years). Furthermore, the assumption of a perfectly bioturbated layer with no mixing underneath is not met. Our analysis further demonstrates that the age-heterogeneity might be a function of sample size; smaller samples might contain single features from the incomplete mixing and are thus less representative than larger samples. We provide suggestions for future studies, optimal sampling strategies for quantitative paleoclimate reconstructions and realistic uncertainty in age models, as well as discuss possible implications for the interpretation of paleoclimate records.}, language = {en} } @article{FuehnerGranacherGolleetal.2021, author = {F{\"u}hner, Thea Heidi and Granacher, Urs and Golle, Kathleen and Kliegl, Reinhold}, title = {Age and sex effects in physical fitness components of 108,295 third graders including 515 primary schools and 9 cohorts}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {11}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, publisher = {Nature Portfolio}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-021-97000-4}, pages = {1 -- 13}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Children's physical fitness development and related moderating effects of age and sex are well documented, especially boys' and girls' divergence during puberty. The situation might be different during prepuberty. As girls mature approximately two years earlier than boys, we tested a possible convergence of performance with five tests representing four components of physical fitness in a large sample of 108,295 eight-year old third-graders. Within this single prepubertal year of life and irrespective of the test, performance increased linearly with chronological age, and boys outperformed girls to a larger extent in tests requiring muscle mass for successful performance. Tests differed in the magnitude of age effects (gains), but there was no evidence for an interaction between age and sex. Moreover, "physical fitness" of schools correlated at r = 0.48 with their age effect which might imply that "fit schools" promote larger gains; expected secular trends from 2011 to 2019 were replicated.}, language = {en} } @article{OdongoSchlotzBaldermannetal.2018, author = {Odongo, Grace Akinyi and Schlotz, Nina and Baldermann, Susanne and Neugart, Susanne and Huyskens-Keil, Susanne and Ngwene, Benard and Trierweiler, Bernhard and Schreiner, Monika and Lamy, Evelyn}, title = {African Nightshade (Solanum scabrum Mill.)}, series = {Nutrients}, volume = {10}, journal = {Nutrients}, number = {10}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2072-6643}, doi = {10.3390/nu10101532}, pages = {20}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Plant cultivation and processing may impact nutrient and phytochemical content of vegetables. The present study aimed at determining the influence of cultivation and processing on the health promoting capacity of African nightshade (Solanum scabrum Mill.) leaves, an indigenous vegetable, rich in nutrients and phytochemicals. Anti-genotoxicity against the human liver carcinogen aflatoxin B1 (AFB(1)) as determined by the comet assay and radical oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts were investigated in human derived liver (HepG2) cells. ROS scavenging activity was assessed using electron paramagnetic spin resonance and quantification of ARE/Nrf2 mediated gene expression. The cultivation was done under different environmental conditions. The processing included fermentation and cooking; postharvest ultraviolet irradiation (UV-C) treatment was also investigated. Overall, S. scabrum extracts showed strong health promoting potential, the highest potential was observed with the fermented extract, which showed a 60\% reduction of AFB(1) induced DNA damage and a 38\% reduction in FeSO4 induced oxidative stress. The content of total polyphenols, carotenoids and chlorophylls was indeed affected by cultivation and processing. Based on the present in vitro findings consumption of S. scabrum leaves could be further encouraged, preferentially after cooking or fermentation of the plant.}, language = {en} } @article{RamachandranRupakhetiLawrence2020, author = {Ramachandran, Srikanthan and Rupakheti, Maheswar and Lawrence, Mark}, title = {Aerosol-induced atmospheric heating rate decreases over South and East Asia as a result of changing content and composition}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {10}, journal = {Scientific reports}, number = {1}, publisher = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature}, address = {[London]}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-76936-z}, pages = {17}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Aerosol emissions from human activities are extensive and changing rapidly over Asia. Model simulations and satellite observations indicate a dipole pattern in aerosol emissions and loading between South Asia and East Asia, two of the most heavily polluted regions of the world. We examine the previously unexplored diverging trends in the existing dipole pattern of aerosols between East and South Asia using the high quality, two-decade long ground-based time series of observations of aerosol properties from the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET), from satellites (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI)), and from model simulations (Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2). The data cover the period since 2001 for Kanpur (South Asia) and Beijing (East Asia), two locations taken as being broadly representative of the respective regions. Since 2010 a dipole in aerosol optical depth (AOD) is maintained, but the trend is reversed-the decrease in AOD over Beijing (East Asia) is rapid since 2010, being 17\% less in current decade compared to first decade of twenty-first century, while the AOD over South Asia increased by 12\% during the same period. Furthermore, we find that the aerosol composition is also changing over time. The single scattering albedo (SSA), a measure of aerosol's absorption capacity and related to aerosol composition, is slightly higher over Beijing than Kanpur, and has increased from 0.91 in 2002 to 0.93 in 2017 over Beijing and from 0.89 to 0.92 during the same period over Kanpur, confirming that aerosols in this region have on an average become more scattering in nature. These changes have led to a notable decrease in aerosol-induced atmospheric heating rate (HR) over both regions between the two decades, decreasing considerably more over East Asia (- 31\%) than over South Asia (- 9\%). The annual mean HR is lower now, it is still large (>= 0.6 K per day), which has significant climate implications. The seasonal trends in AOD, SSA and HR are more pronounced than their respective annual trends over both regions. The seasonal trends are caused mainly by the increase/decrease in anthropogenic aerosol emissions (sulfate, black carbon and organic carbon) while the natural aerosols (dust and sea salt) did not change significantly over South and East Asia during the last two decades. The MERRA-2 model is able to simulate the observed trends in AODs well but not the magnitude, while it also did not simulate the SSA values or trends well. These robust findings based on observations of key aerosol parameters and previously unrecognized diverging trends over South and East Asia need to be accounted for in current state-of-the-art climate models to ensure accurate quantification of the complex and evolving impact of aerosols on the regional climate over Asia.}, language = {en} } @article{WengLuedekeZempetal.2018, author = {Weng, Wei and L{\"u}deke, Matthias K. B. and Zemp, Delphine Clara and Lakes, Tobia and Kropp, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Aerial and surface rivers}, series = {Hydrology and earth system sciences : HESS}, volume = {22}, journal = {Hydrology and earth system sciences : HESS}, number = {1}, publisher = {Copernicus}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {1027-5606}, doi = {10.5194/hess-22-911-2018}, pages = {911 -- 927}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The abundant evapotranspiration provided by the Amazon forests is an important component of the hydrological cycle, both regionally and globally. Since the last century, deforestation and expanding agricultural activities have been changing the ecosystem and its provision of moisture to the atmosphere. However, it remains uncertain how the ongoing land use change will influence rainfall, runoff, and water availability as findings from previous studies differ. Using moisture tracking experiments based on observational data, we provide a spatially detailed analysis recognizing potential teleconnection between source and sink regions of atmospheric moisture. We apply land use scenarios in upwind moisture sources and quantify the corresponding rainfall and runoff changes in downwind moisture sinks. We find spatially varying responses of water regimes to land use changes, which may explain the diverse results from previous studies. Parts of the Peruvian Amazon and western Bolivia are identified as the sink areas most sensitive to land use change in the Amazon and we highlight the current water stress by Amazonian land use change on these areas in terms of the water availability. Furthermore, we also identify the influential source areas where land use change may considerably reduce a given target sink's water reception (from our example of the Ucayali River basin outlet, rainfall by 5-12 \% and runoff by 19-50 \% according to scenarios). Sensitive sinks and influential sources are therefore suggested as hotspots for achieving sustainable land-water management.}, language = {en} } @article{BriegerHerzschuhPestryakovaetal.2019, author = {Brieger, Frederic and Herzschuh, Ulrike and Pestryakova, Luidmila Agafyevna and Bookhagen, Bodo and Zakharov, Evgenii S. and Kruse, Stefan}, title = {Advances in the Derivation of Northeast Siberian Forest Metrics Using High-Resolution UAV-Based Photogrammetric Point Clouds}, series = {Remote sensing}, volume = {11}, journal = {Remote sensing}, number = {12}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2072-4292}, doi = {10.3390/rs11121447}, pages = {24}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Forest structure is a crucial component in the assessment of whether a forest is likely to act as a carbon sink under changing climate. Detailed 3D structural information about the tundra-taiga ecotone of Siberia is mostly missing and still underrepresented in current research due to the remoteness and restricted accessibility. Field based, high-resolution remote sensing can provide important knowledge for the understanding of vegetation properties and dynamics. In this study, we test the applicability of consumer-grade Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for rapid calculation of stand metrics in treeline forests. We reconstructed high-resolution photogrammetric point clouds and derived canopy height models for 10 study sites from NE Chukotka and SW Yakutia. Subsequently, we detected individual tree tops using a variable-window size local maximum filter and applied a marker-controlled watershed segmentation for the delineation of tree crowns. With this, we successfully detected 67.1\% of the validation individuals. Simple linear regressions of observed and detected metrics show a better correlation (R2) and lower relative root mean square percentage error (RMSE\%) for tree heights (mean R2 = 0.77, mean RMSE\% = 18.46\%) than for crown diameters (mean R2 = 0.46, mean RMSE\% = 24.9\%). The comparison between detected and observed tree height distributions revealed that our tree detection method was unable to representatively identify trees <2 m. Our results show that plot sizes for vegetation surveys in the tundra-taiga ecotone should be adapted to the forest structure and have a radius of >15-20 m to capture homogeneous and representative forest stands. Additionally, we identify sources of omission and commission errors and give recommendations for their mitigation. In summary, the efficiency of the used method depends on the complexity of the forest's stand structure.}, language = {en} } @article{SchlappaBresselReichetal.2023, author = {Schlappa, Stephanie and Bressel, Lena and Reich, Oliver and M{\"u}nzberg, Marvin}, title = {Advanced particle size analysis in high-solid-content polymer dispersions using photon density wave spectroscopy}, series = {Polymers}, volume = {15}, journal = {Polymers}, number = {15}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2073-4360}, doi = {10.3390/polym15153181}, pages = {17}, year = {2023}, abstract = {High-solid-content polystyrene and polyvinyl acetate dispersions of polymer particles with a 50 nm to 500 nm mean particle diameter and 12-55\% (w/w) solid content have been produced via emulsion polymerization and characterized regarding their optical and physical properties. Both systems have been analyzed with common particle-size-measuring techniques like dynamic light scattering (DLS) and static light scattering (SLS) and compared to inline particle size distribution (PSD) measurements via photon density wave (PDW) spectroscopy in undiluted samples. It is shown that particle size measurements of undiluted polystyrene dispersions are in good agreement between analysis methods. However, for polyvinyl acetate particles, size determination is challenging due to bound water in the produced polymer. For the first time, water-swelling factors were determined via an iterative approach of PDW spectroscopy error (X-2) minimization. It is shown that water-swollen particles can be analyzed in high-solid-content solutions and their physical properties can be assumed to determine the refractive index, density, and volume fraction in dispersion. It was found that assumed water swelling improved the reduced scattering coefficient fit by PDW spectroscopy by up to ten times and particle size determination was refined and enabled. Particle size analysis of the water-swollen particles agreed well with offline-based state-of-the-art techniques.}, language = {en} } @article{TaubertLerouxRabuetal.2019, author = {Taubert, Andreas and Leroux, Fabrice and Rabu, Pierre and de Zea Bermudez, Veronica}, title = {Advanced hybrid nanomaterials}, series = {Beilstein journal of nanotechnology}, volume = {10}, journal = {Beilstein journal of nanotechnology}, publisher = {Beilstein-Institut zur F{\"o}rderung der Chemischen Wissenschaften}, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, issn = {2190-4286}, doi = {10.3762/bjnano.10.247}, pages = {2563 -- 2567}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{BirukovCuadratPolemitietal.2021, author = {Birukov, Anna and Cuadrat, Rafael R. C. and Polemiti, Elli and Eichelmann, Fabian and Schulze, Matthias Bernd}, title = {Advanced glycation end-products, measured as skin autofluorescence, associate with vascular stiffness in diabetic, pre-diabetic and normoglycemic individuals}, series = {Cardiovascular diabetology}, volume = {20}, journal = {Cardiovascular diabetology}, number = {1}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, address = {London}, issn = {1475-2840}, doi = {10.1186/s12933-021-01296-5}, pages = {11}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Background Advanced glycation end-products are proteins that become glycated after contact with sugars and are implicated in endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffening. We aimed to investigate the relationships between advanced glycation end-products, measured as skin autofluorescence, and vascular stiffness in various glycemic strata. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam cohort, comprising n = 3535 participants (median age 67 years, 60\% women). Advanced glycation end-products were measured as skin autofluorescence with AGE-Reader (TM), vascular stiffness was measured as pulse wave velocity, augmentation index and ankle-brachial index with Vascular Explorer (TM). A subset of 1348 participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test. Participants were sub-phenotyped into normoglycemic, prediabetes and diabetes groups. Associations between skin autofluorescence and various indices of vascular stiffness were assessed by multivariable regression analyses and were adjusted for age, sex, measures of adiposity and lifestyle, blood pressure, prevalent conditions, medication use and blood biomarkers. Results Skin autofluorescence associated with pulse wave velocity, augmentation index and ankle-brachial index, adjusted beta coefficients (95\% CI) per unit skin autofluorescence increase: 0.38 (0.21; 0.55) for carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, 0.25 (0.14; 0.37) for aortic pulse wave velocity, 1.00 (0.29; 1.70) for aortic augmentation index, 4.12 (2.24; 6.00) for brachial augmentation index and - 0.04 (- 0.05; - 0.02) for ankle-brachial index. The associations were strongest in men, younger individuals and were consistent across all glycemic strata: for carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity 0.36 (0.12; 0.60) in normoglycemic, 0.33 (- 0.01; 0.67) in prediabetes and 0.45 (0.09; 0.80) in diabetes groups; with similar estimates for aortic pulse wave velocity. Augmentation index was associated with skin autofluorescence only in normoglycemic and diabetes groups. Ankle-brachial index inversely associated with skin autofluorescence across all sex, age and glycemic strata. Conclusions Our findings indicate that advanced glycation end-products measured as skin autofluorescence might be involved in vascular stiffening independent of age and other cardiometabolic risk factors not only in individuals with diabetes but also in normoglycemic and prediabetic conditions. Skin autofluorescence might prove as a rapid and non-invasive method for assessment of macrovascular disease progression across all glycemic strata.}, language = {en} } @article{PoltrockChenKwoketal.2018, author = {Poltrock, Silvana and Chen, Hui and Kwok, Celia and Cheung, Hintat and Nazzi, Thierry}, title = {Adult learning of novel words in a non-native language}, series = {Frontiers in psychology}, volume = {9}, journal = {Frontiers in psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01211}, pages = {15}, year = {2018}, language = {en} } @article{NeumannTiberiusBiendarra2022, author = {Neumann, Daniel and Tiberius, Victor and Biendarra, Florin}, title = {Adopting wearables to customize health insurance contributions}, series = {BMC medical informatics and decision making}, volume = {22}, journal = {BMC medical informatics and decision making}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {London}, issn = {1472-6947}, doi = {10.1186/s12911-022-01851-4}, pages = {1 -- 7}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Background Wearables, as small portable computer systems worn on the body, can track user fitness and health data, which can be used to customize health insurance contributions individually. In particular, insured individuals with a healthy lifestyle can receive a reduction of their contributions to be paid. However, this potential is hardly used in practice. Objective This study aims to identify which barrier factors impede the usage of wearables for assessing individual risk scores for health insurances, despite its technological feasibility, and to rank these barriers according to their relevance. Methods To reach these goals, we conduct a ranking-type Delphi study with the following three stages. First, we collected possible barrier factors from a panel of 16 experts and consolidated them to a list of 11 barrier categories. Second, the panel was asked to rank them regarding their relevance. Third, to enhance the panel consensus, the ranking was revealed to the experts, who were then asked to re-rank the barriers. Results The results suggest that regulation is the most important barrier. Other relevant barriers are false or inaccurate measurements and application errors caused by the users. Additionally, insurers could lack the required technological competence to use the wearable data appropriately. Conclusion A wider use of wearables and health apps could be achieved through regulatory modifications, especially regarding privacy issues. Even after assuring stricter regulations, users' privacy concerns could partly remain, if the data exchange between wearables manufacturers, health app providers, and health insurers does not become more transparent.}, language = {en} } @article{WrightWachsHuang2020, author = {Wright, Michelle F. and Wachs, Sebastian and Huang, Zheng}, title = {Adolescents' Popularity-Motivated Aggression and Prosocial Behaviors: The Roles of Callous-Unemotional Traits and Social Status Insecurity}, series = {Frontiers in Psychology}, journal = {Frontiers in Psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers}, address = {Lausanne, Schweiz}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2021.606865}, pages = {1 -- 8}, year = {2020}, abstract = {As competition over peer status becomes intense during adolescence, some adolescents develop insecure feelings regarding their social standing among their peers (i.e., social status insecurity). These adolescents sometimes use aggression to defend or promote their status. The aim of this study was to examine the relationships among social status insecurity, callous-unemotional (CU) traits, and popularity-motivated aggression and prosocial behaviors among adolescents, while controlling for gender. Another purpose was to examine the potential moderating role of CU traits in these relationships. Participants were 1,047 (49.2\% girls; Mage = 12.44 years; age range from 11 to 14 years) in the 7th or 8th grades from a large Midwestern city. They completed questionnaires on social status insecurity, CU traits, and popularity-motivated relational aggression, physical aggression, cyberaggression, and prosocial behaviors. A structural regression model was conducted, with gender as a covariate. The model had adequate fit. Social status insecurity was associated positively with callousness, unemotional, and popularity-motivated aggression and related negatively to popularity-motivated prosocial behaviors. High social status insecurity was related to greater popularity-motivated aggression when adolescents had high callousness traits. The findings have implications for understanding the individual characteristics associated with social status insecurity.}, language = {en} } @article{FoongPradhanFroeretal.2022, author = {Foong, Adrian and Pradhan, Prajal and Fr{\"o}r, Oliver and Kropp, J{\"u}rgen P.}, title = {Adjusting agricultural emissions for trade matters for climate change mitigation}, series = {Nature Communications}, volume = {13}, journal = {Nature Communications}, number = {1}, publisher = {Nature Publishing Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-022-30607-x}, pages = {10}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Reducing greenhouse gas emissions in food systems is becoming more challenging as food is increasingly consumed away from producer regions, highlighting the need to consider emissions embodied in trade in agricultural emissions accounting. To address this, our study explores recent trends in trade-adjusted agricultural emissions of food items at the global, regional, and national levels. We find that emissions are largely dependent on a country's consumption patterns and their agricultural emission intensities relative to their trading partners'. The absolute differences between the production-based and trade-adjusted emissions accounting approaches are especially apparent for major agricultural exporters and importers and where large shares of emission-intensive items such as ruminant meat, milk products and rice are involved. In relative terms, some low-income and emerging and developing economies with consumption of high emission intensity food products show large differences between approaches. Similar trends are also found under various specifications that account for trade and re-exports differently. These findings could serve as an important element towards constructing national emissions reduction targets that consider trading partners, leading to more effective emissions reductions overall.}, language = {en} } @article{SmirnovKronbergDalyetal.2020, author = {Smirnov, Artem G. and Kronberg, Elena A. and Daly, Patrick W. and Aseev, Nikita and Shprits, Yuri and Kellerman, Adam C.}, title = {Adiabatic Invariants Calculations for Cluster Mission: A Long-Term Product for Radiation Belts Studies}, series = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics}, volume = {125}, journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics}, number = {2}, publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Inc.}, address = {New Jersey}, pages = {12}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The Cluster mission has produced a large data set of electron flux measurements in the Earth's magnetosphere since its launch in late 2000. Electron fluxes are measured using Research with Adaptive Particle Imaging Detector (RAPID)/Imaging Electron Spectrometer (IES) detector as a function of energy, pitch angle, spacecraft position, and time. However, no adiabatic invariants have been calculated for Cluster so far. In this paper we present a step-by-step guide to calculations of adiabatic invariants and conversion of the electron flux to phase space density (PSD) in these coordinates. The electron flux is measured in two RAPID/IES energy channels providing pitch angle distribution at energies 39.2-50.5 and 68.1-94.5 keV in nominal mode since 2004. A fitting method allows to expand the conversion of the differential fluxes to the range from 40 to 150 keV. Best data coverage for phase space density in adiabatic invariant coordinates can be obtained for values of second adiabatic invariant, K, similar to 10(2), and values of the first adiabatic invariant mu in the range approximate to 5-20 MeV/G. Furthermore, we describe the production of a new data product "LSTAR," equivalent to the third adiabatic invariant, available through the Cluster Science Archive for years 2001-2018 with 1-min resolution. The produced data set adds to the availability of observations in Earth's radiation belts region and can be used for long-term statistical purposes.}, language = {en} } @article{HeinzKieferSmolkaetal.2020, author = {Heinz, Andreas and Kiefer, Falk and Smolka, Michael N. and Endrass, Tanja and Beste, Christian and Beck, Anne and Liu, Shuyan and Genauck, Alexander and Romund, Lydia and Rapp, Michael A. and Tost, Heike and Spanagel, Rainer}, title = {Addiction research consortium: losing and regaining control over drug intake (ReCoDe) - from trajectories to mechanisms and interventions}, series = {Addiction Biology}, volume = {25}, journal = {Addiction Biology}, number = {2}, publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Inc.}, address = {New Jersey}, pages = {6}, year = {2020}, abstract = {One of the major risk factors for global death and disability is alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use. While there is increasing knowledge with respect to individual factors promoting the initiation and maintenance of substance use disorders (SUDs), disease trajectories involved in losing and regaining control over drug intake (ReCoDe) are still not well described. Our newly formed German Collaborative Research Centre (CRC) on ReCoDe has an interdisciplinary approach funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) with a 12-year perspective. The main goals of our research consortium are (i) to identify triggers and modifying factors that longitudinally modulate the trajectories of losing and regaining control over drug consumption in real life, (ii) to study underlying behavioral, cognitive, and neurobiological mechanisms, and (iii) to implicate mechanism-based interventions. These goals will be achieved by: (i) using mobile health (m-health) tools to longitudinally monitor the effects of triggers (drug cues, stressors, and priming doses) and modify factors (eg, age, gender, physical activity, and cognitive control) on drug consumption patterns in real-life conditions and in animal models of addiction; (ii) the identification and computational modeling of key mechanisms mediating the effects of such triggers and modifying factors on goal-directed, habitual, and compulsive aspects of behavior from human studies and animal models; and (iii) developing and testing interventions that specifically target the underlying mechanisms for regaining control over drug intake.}, language = {en} }