@article{DwiPutraReichetzederHasanetal.2020,
author = {Dwi Putra, Sulistyo Emantoko and Reichetzeder, Christoph and Hasan, Ahmed Abdallah Abdalrahman Mohamed and Slowinski, Torsten and Chu, Chang and Kr{\"a}mer, Bernhard K. and Kleuser, Burkhard and Hocher, Berthold},
title = {Being born large for gestational age is associated with increased global placental DNA methylation},
series = {Scientific Reports},
volume = {10},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
number = {1},
publisher = {Springer Nature},
address = {London},
issn = {2045-2322},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-57725-0},
pages = {1 -- 10},
year = {2020},
abstract = {Being born small (SGA) or large for gestational age (LGA) is associated with adverse birth outcomes and metabolic diseases in later life of the offspring. It is known that aberrations in growth during gestation are related to altered placental function. Placental function is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation. Several studies in recent years have demonstrated associations between altered patterns of DNA methylation and adverse birth outcomes. However, larger studies that reliably investigated global DNA methylation are lacking. The aim of this study was to characterize global placental DNA methylation in relationship to size for gestational age. Global DNA methylation was assessed in 1023 placental samples by LC-MS/MS. LGA offspring displayed significantly higher global placental DNA methylation compared to appropriate for gestational age (AGA; p<0.001). ANCOVA analyses adjusted for known factors impacting on DNA methylation demonstrated an independent association between placental global DNA methylation and LGA births (p<0.001). Tertile stratification according to global placental DNA methylation levels revealed a significantly higher frequency of LGA births in the third tertile. Furthermore, a multiple logistic regression analysis corrected for known factors influencing birth weight highlighted an independent positive association between global placental DNA methylation and the frequency of LGA births (p=0.001).},
language = {en}
}
@article{ParrySchlaegelTiedemannetal.2022,
author = {Parry, Victor and Schl{\"a}gel, Ulrike E. and Tiedemann, Ralph and Weithoff, Guntram},
title = {Behavioural Responses of Defended and Undefended Prey to Their Predator},
series = {Biology},
volume = {11},
journal = {Biology},
number = {8},
publisher = {MDPI},
address = {Basel, Schweiz},
issn = {2079-7737},
doi = {10.3390/biology11081217},
pages = {14},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Predation is a strong species interaction causing severe harm or death to prey. Thus, prey species have evolved various defence strategies to minimize predation risk, which may be immediate (e.g., a change in behaviour) or transgenerational (morphological defence structures). We studied the behaviour of two strains of a rotiferan prey (Brachionus calyciflorus) that differ in their ability to develop morphological defences in response to their predator Asplanchna brightwellii. Using video analysis, we tested: (a) if two strains differ in their response to predator presence and predator cues when both are undefended; (b) whether defended individuals respond to live predators or their cues; and (c) if the morphological defence (large spines) per se has an effect on the swimming behaviour. We found a clear increase in swimming speed for both undefended strains in predator presence. However, the defended specimens responded neither to the predator presence nor to their cues, showing that they behave indifferently to their predator when they are defended. We did not detect an effect of the spines on the swimming behaviour. Our study demonstrates a complex plastic behaviour of the prey, not only in the presence of their predator, but also with respect to their defence status.},
language = {en}
}
@article{ParrySchlaegelTiedemannetal.2022,
author = {Parry, Victor and Schl{\"a}gel, Ulrike E. and Tiedemann, Ralph and Weithoff, Guntram},
title = {Behavioural responses of defended and undefended prey to their predator},
series = {Biology : open access journal},
volume = {11},
journal = {Biology : open access journal},
number = {8},
publisher = {MDPI},
address = {Basel},
issn = {2079-7737},
doi = {10.3390/biology11081217},
pages = {14},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Many animals that have to cope with predation have evolved mechanisms to reduce their predation risk. One of these mechanisms is change in morphology, for example, the development of spines. These spines are induced, when mothers receive chemical signals of a predator (kairomones) and their daughters are then equipped with defensive spines. We studied the behaviour of a prey and its predator when the prey is either defended or undefended. We used common aquatic micro-invertebrates, the rotifers Brachionus calyciflorus (prey) and Asplanchna brightwellii (predator) as experimental animals. We found that undefended prey increased its swimming speed in the presence of the predator. The striking result was that the defended prey did not respond to the predator's presence. This suggests that defended prey has a different response behaviour to a predator than undefended conspecifics. Our study provides further insights into complex zooplankton predator-prey interactions. Predation is a strong species interaction causing severe harm or death to prey. Thus, prey species have evolved various defence strategies to minimize predation risk, which may be immediate (e.g., a change in behaviour) or transgenerational (morphological defence structures). We studied the behaviour of two strains of a rotiferan prey (Brachionus calyciflorus) that differ in their ability to develop morphological defences in response to their predator Asplanchna brightwellii. Using video analysis, we tested: (a) if two strains differ in their response to predator presence and predator cues when both are undefended; (b) whether defended individuals respond to live predators or their cues; and (c) if the morphological defence (large spines) per se has an effect on the swimming behaviour. We found a clear increase in swimming speed for both undefended strains in predator presence. However, the defended specimens responded neither to the predator presence nor to their cues, showing that they behave indifferently to their predator when they are defended. We did not detect an effect of the spines on the swimming behaviour. Our study demonstrates a complex plastic behaviour of the prey, not only in the presence of their predator, but also with respect to their defence status.},
language = {en}
}
@article{BrandesSicksBerger2021,
author = {Brandes, Stefanie and Sicks, Florian and Berger, Anne},
title = {Behaviour classification on giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis) using machine learning algorithms on triaxial acceleration data of two commonly used GPS devices and its possible application for their management and conservation},
series = {Sensors},
volume = {21},
journal = {Sensors},
number = {6},
publisher = {MDPI},
address = {Basel},
issn = {1424-8220},
doi = {10.3390/s21062229},
pages = {22},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Averting today's loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services can be achieved through conservation efforts, especially of keystone species. Giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis) play an important role in sustaining Africa's ecosystems, but are 'vulnerable' according to the IUCN Red List since 2016. Monitoring an animal's behavior in the wild helps to develop and assess their conservation management. One mechanism for remote tracking of wildlife behavior is to attach accelerometers to animals to record their body movement. We tested two different commercially available high-resolution accelerometers, e-obs and Africa Wildlife Tracking (AWT), attached to the top of the heads of three captive giraffes and analyzed the accuracy of automatic behavior classifications, focused on the Random Forests algorithm. For both accelerometers, behaviors of lower variety in head and neck movements could be better predicted (i.e., feeding above eye level, mean prediction accuracy e-obs/AWT: 97.6\%/99.7\%; drinking: 96.7\%/97.0\%) than those with a higher variety of body postures (such as standing: 90.7-91.0\%/75.2-76.7\%; rumination: 89.6-91.6\%/53.5-86.5\%). Nonetheless both devices come with limitations and especially the AWT needs technological adaptations before applying it on animals in the wild. Nevertheless, looking at the prediction results, both are promising accelerometers for behavioral classification of giraffes. Therefore, these devices when applied to free-ranging animals, in combination with GPS tracking, can contribute greatly to the conservation of giraffes.},
language = {en}
}
@article{ŞahinEgloffsteinBotheetal.2021,
author = {Şahin, Muhittin and Egloffstein, Marc and Bothe, Max and Rohloff, Tobias and Schenk, Nathanael and Schwerer, Florian and Ifenthaler, Dirk},
title = {Behavioral Patterns in Enterprise MOOCs at openSAP},
series = {EMOOCs 2021},
volume = {2021},
journal = {EMOOCs 2021},
publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
address = {Potsdam},
isbn = {978-3-86956-512-5},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-51735},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-517350},
pages = {281 -- 288},
year = {2021},
language = {en}
}
@article{GüntherReitzKoncebovskiKlöpping2022,
author = {G{\"u}nther, Claudia-Susanne and Reitz-Koncebovski, Karen and Klöpping, Peter M.},
title = {Begegnungen mit Mathematik},
series = {Professionalisierung in Praxisphasen : Ergebnisse der Lehrerbildungsforschung an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 2)},
journal = {Professionalisierung in Praxisphasen : Ergebnisse der Lehrerbildungsforschung an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 2)},
number = {2},
publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
address = {Potsdam},
isbn = {978-3-86956-508-8},
issn = {2626-3556},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-57075},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-570755},
pages = {123 -- 143},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Die Reflexion der eigenen mathematischen Bildungsbiografie angehender Mathematiklehrkr{\"a}fte bietet eine bisher wenig beachtete, aber lohnende Perspektive auf ihre zuk{\"u}nftige Lehrt{\"a}tigkeit. Insbesondere bei negativen Vorerfahrungen mit Mathematik bietet die biografische Reflexion eine Gelegenheit zur Aufarbeitung. An der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam wurde deshalb f{\"u}r Studierende des Mathematiklehramts f{\"u}r die Primar- und die Sekundarstufe ein freiwilliges Angebot zur Besch{\"a}ftigung mit der mathematischen Bildungsbiografie geschaffen. Seit dem Wintersemester 2018/19 ist dieses Angebot in das Fachdidaktische Tagespraktikum integriert. Dieser Artikel stellt den theoretischen und methodischen Hintergrund des Workshops dar. Zudem werden erste Ergebnisse einer begleitenden Untersuchung unter den Workshopteilnehmenden vorgestellt.},
language = {de}
}
@article{daSilvaCostaHortobagyidenOtteretal.2022,
author = {da Silva Costa, Andreia Abud and Hortobagyi, Tibor and den Otter, Rob and Sawers, Andrew and Moraes, Renato},
title = {Beam width and arm position but not cognitive task affect walking balance in older adults},
series = {Scientific reports},
volume = {12},
journal = {Scientific reports},
number = {1},
publisher = {Nature Research},
address = {London},
issn = {2045-2322},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-022-10848-y},
pages = {10},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Detection of changes in dynamic balance could help identify older adults at fall risk. Walking on a narrow beam with its width, cognitive load, and arm position manipulated could be an alternative to current tests. Therefore, we examined additive and interactive effects of beam width, cognitive task (CT), and arm position on dynamic balance during beam walking in older adults. Twenty older adults (69 +/- 4y) walked on 6, 8, and 10-cm wide beams (2-cm high, 4-m-long), with and without CT, with three arm positions (free, crossed, akimbo). We determined cognitive errors, distance walked, step speed, root mean square (RMS) of center of mass (COM) displacement and trunk acceleration in the frontal plane. Beam width decrease progressively reduced distance walked and increased trunk acceleration RMS. Step speed decreased on the narrowest beam and with CT. Arm crossing decreased distance walked and step speed. COM displacement RMS and cognitive errors were not affected by any manipulation. In conclusion, distance walked indicated that beam width and arm position, but less so CT, affected dynamic balance, implying that beam walking has the potential to become a test of fall risk. Stability measurements suggested effective trunk adjustments to control COM position and keep dynamic balance during the task.},
language = {en}
}
@article{SecklerMetzler2022,
author = {Seckler, Henrik and Metzler, Ralf},
title = {Bayesian deep learning for error estimation in the analysis of anomalous diffusion},
series = {Nature Communnications},
volume = {13},
journal = {Nature Communnications},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group UK},
address = {London},
issn = {2041-1723},
doi = {10.1038/s41467-022-34305-6},
pages = {13},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Modern single-particle-tracking techniques produce extensive time-series of diffusive motion in a wide variety of systems, from single-molecule motion in living-cells to movement ecology. The quest is to decipher the physical mechanisms encoded in the data and thus to better understand the probed systems. We here augment recently proposed machine-learning techniques for decoding anomalous-diffusion data to include an uncertainty estimate in addition to the predicted output. To avoid the Black-Box-Problem a Bayesian-Deep-Learning technique named Stochastic-Weight-Averaging-Gaussian is used to train models for both the classification of the diffusionmodel and the regression of the anomalous diffusion exponent of single-particle-trajectories. Evaluating their performance, we find that these models can achieve a wellcalibrated error estimate while maintaining high prediction accuracies. In the analysis of the output uncertainty predictions we relate these to properties of the underlying diffusion models, thus providing insights into the learning process of the machine and the relevance of the output.},
language = {en}
}
@article{SecklerMetzler2022,
author = {Seckler, Henrik and Metzler, Ralf},
title = {Bayesian deep learning for error estimation in the analysis of anomalous diffusion},
series = {Nature Communications},
volume = {13},
journal = {Nature Communications},
number = {1},
publisher = {Nature portfolio},
address = {Berlin},
issn = {2041-1723},
doi = {10.1038/s41467-022-34305-6},
pages = {13},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Modern single-particle-tracking techniques produce extensive time-series of diffusive motion in a wide variety of systems, from single-molecule motion in living-cells to movement ecology. The quest is to decipher the physical mechanisms encoded in the data and thus to better understand the probed systems. We here augment recently proposed machine-learning techniques for decoding anomalous-diffusion data to include an uncertainty estimate in addition to the predicted output. To avoid the Black-Box-Problem a Bayesian-Deep-Learning technique named Stochastic-Weight-Averaging-Gaussian is used to train models for both the classification of the diffusion model and the regression of the anomalous diffusion exponent of single-particle-trajectories. Evaluating their performance, we find that these models can achieve a well-calibrated error estimate while maintaining high prediction accuracies. In the analysis of the output uncertainty predictions we relate these to properties of the underlying diffusion models, thus providing insights into the learning process of the machine and the relevance of the output.
Diffusive motions in complex environments such as living biological cells or soft matter systems can be analyzed with single-particle-tracking approaches, where accuracy of output may vary. The authors involve a machine-learning technique for decoding anomalous-diffusion data and provide an uncertainty estimate together with predicted output.},
language = {en}
}
@article{LindborgAndersen2021,
author = {Lindborg, Alma and Andersen, Tobias S.},
title = {Bayesian binding and fusion models explain illusion and enhancement effects in audiovisual speech perception},
series = {PLoS one},
volume = {16},
journal = {PLoS one},
number = {2},
publisher = {PLoS},
address = {San Fransisco},
issn = {1932-6203},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0246986},
pages = {18},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Speech is perceived with both the ears and the eyes. Adding congruent visual speech improves the perception of a faint auditory speech stimulus, whereas adding incongruent visual speech can alter the perception of the utterance. The latter phenomenon is the case of the McGurk illusion, where an auditory stimulus such as e.g. "ba" dubbed onto a visual stimulus such as "ga" produces the illusion of hearing "da". Bayesian models of multisensory perception suggest that both the enhancement and the illusion case can be described as a two-step process of binding (informed by prior knowledge) and fusion (informed by the information reliability of each sensory cue). However, there is to date no study which has accounted for how they each contribute to audiovisual speech perception. In this study, we expose subjects to both congruent and incongruent audiovisual speech, manipulating the binding and the fusion stages simultaneously. This is done by varying both temporal offset (binding) and auditory and visual signal-to-noise ratio (fusion). We fit two Bayesian models to the behavioural data and show that they can both account for the enhancement effect in congruent audiovisual speech, as well as the McGurk illusion. This modelling approach allows us to disentangle the effects of binding and fusion on behavioural responses. Moreover, we find that these models have greater predictive power than a forced fusion model. This study provides a systematic and quantitative approach to measuring audiovisual integration in the perception of the McGurk illusion as well as congruent audiovisual speech, which we hope will inform future work on audiovisual speech perception.},
language = {en}
}
@article{PietrekKangasKliegletal.2022,
author = {Pietrek, Anou F. and Kangas, Maria and Kliegl, Reinhold and Rapp, Michael A. and Heinzel, Stephan and Van der Kaap-Deeder, Jolene and Heissel, Andreas},
title = {Basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration in major depressive disorder},
series = {Frontiers in Psychiatry - Mood Disorders},
journal = {Frontiers in Psychiatry - Mood Disorders},
publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.},
address = {Lausanne, Schweiz},
issn = {1664-0640},
doi = {10.3389/fpsyt.2022.962501},
pages = {1 -- 10},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Basic psychological needs theory postulates that a social environment that satisfies individuals' three basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness leads to optimal growth and well-being. On the other hand, the frustration of these needs is associated with ill-being and depressive symptoms foremost investigated in non-clinical samples; yet, there is a paucity of research on need frustration in clinical samples. Survey data were compared between adult individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD; n = 115; 48.69\% female; 38.46 years, SD = 10.46) with those of a non-depressed comparison sample (n = 201; 53.23\% female; 30.16 years, SD = 12.81). Need profiles were examined with a linear mixed model (LMM). Individuals with depression reported higher levels of frustration and lower levels of satisfaction in relation to the three basic psychological needs when compared to non-depressed adults. The difference between depressed and non-depressed groups was significantly larger for frustration than satisfaction regarding the needs for relatedness and competence. LMM correlation parameters confirmed the expected positive correlation between the three needs. This is the first study showing substantial differences in need-based experiences between depressed and non-depressed adults. The results confirm basic assumptions of the self-determination theory and have preliminary implications in tailoring therapy for depression.},
language = {en}
}
@article{IlicicGrossart2022,
author = {Ilicic, Doris and Grossart, Hans-Peter},
title = {Basal parasitic fungi in marine food webs-a mystery yet to unravel},
series = {Journal of Fungi},
volume = {8},
journal = {Journal of Fungi},
number = {2},
publisher = {MDPI},
address = {Basel},
issn = {2309-608X},
doi = {10.3390/jof8020114},
pages = {16},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Although aquatic and parasitic fungi have been well known for more than 100 years, they have only recently received increased awareness due to their key roles in microbial food webs and biogeochemical cycles. There is growing evidence indicating that fungi inhabit a wide range of marine habitats, from the deep sea all the way to surface waters, and recent advances in molecular tools, in particular metagenome approaches, reveal that their diversity is much greater and their ecological roles more important than previously considered. Parasitism constitutes one of the most widespread ecological interactions in nature, occurring in almost all environments. Despite that, the diversity of fungal parasites, their ecological functions, and, in particular their interactions with other microorganisms remain largely speculative, unexplored and are often missing from current theoretical concepts in marine ecology and biogeochemistry. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent research avenues on parasitic fungi and their ecological potential in marine ecosystems, e.g., the fungal shunt, and emphasize the need for further research.},
language = {en}
}
@article{HanKuhlicke2021,
author = {Han, Sungju and Kuhlicke, Christian},
title = {Barriers and drivers for mainstreaming nature-based solutions for flood risks},
series = {International journal of disaster risk science},
volume = {12},
journal = {International journal of disaster risk science},
number = {5},
publisher = {Springer},
address = {New York},
issn = {2095-0055},
doi = {10.1007/s13753-021-00372-4},
pages = {661 -- 672},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Nature-based solutions (NBS) are seen as a promising adaptation measure that sustainably deals with diverse societal challenges, while simultaneously delivering multiple benefits. Nature-based solutions have been highlighted as a resilient and sustainable means of mitigating floods and other hazards globally. This study examined diverging conceptualizations of NBS, as well as the attitudinal (for example, emotions and beliefs) and contextual (for example, legal and political aspects) barriers and drivers of NBS for flood risks in South Korea. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 11 experts and focused on the topic of flood risk measures and NBS case studies. The analysis found 11 barriers and five drivers in the attitudinal domain, and 13 barriers and two drivers in the contextual domain. Most experts see direct monetary benefits as an important attitudinal factor for the public. Meanwhile, the cost-effectiveness of NBS and their capacity to cope with flood risks were deemed influential factors that could lead decision makers to opt for NBS. Among the contextual factors, insufficient systems to integrate NBS in practice and the ideologicalization of NBS policy were found to be peculiar barriers, which hinder consistent realization of initiatives and a long-term national plan for NBS. Understanding the barriers and drivers related to the mainstreaming of NBS is critical if we are to make the most of such solutions for society and nature. It is also essential that we have a shared definition, expectation, and vision of NBS.},
language = {en}
}
@article{TranterDeLuciaKuehn2021,
author = {Tranter, Morgan Alan and De Lucia, Marco and K{\"u}hn, Michael},
title = {Barite scaling potential modelled for fractured-porous geothermal reservoirs},
series = {Minerals},
volume = {11},
journal = {Minerals},
number = {11},
publisher = {MDPI},
address = {Basel},
issn = {2075-163X},
doi = {10.3390/min11111198},
pages = {22},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Barite scalings are a common cause of permanent formation damage to deep geothermal reservoirs. Well injectivity can be impaired because the ooling of saline fluids reduces the solubility of barite, and the continuous re-injection of supersaturated fluids forces barite to precipitate in the host rock. Stimulated reservoirs in the Upper Rhine Graben often have multiple relevant flow paths in the porous matrix and fracture zones, sometimes spanning multiple stratigraphical units to achieve the economically necessary injectivity. While the influence of barite scaling on injectivity has been investigated for purely porous media, the role of fractures within reservoirs consisting of both fractured and porous sections is still not well understood. Here, we present hydro-chemical simulations of a dual-layer geothermal reservoir to study the long-term impact of barite scale formation on well injectivity. Our results show that, compared to purely porous reservoirs, fractured porous reservoirs have a significantly reduced scaling risk by up to 50\%, depending on the flow rate ratio of fractures. Injectivity loss is doubled, however, if the amount of active fractures is increased by one order of magnitude, while the mean fracture aperture is decreased, provided the fractured aquifer dictates the injection rate. We conclude that fractured, and especially hydraulically stimulated, reservoirs are generally less affected by barite scaling and that large, but few, fractures are favourable. We present a scaling score for fractured-porous reservoirs, which is composed of easily derivable quantities such as the radial equilibrium length and precipitation potential. This score is suggested for use approximating the scaling potential and its impact on injectivity of a fractured-porous reservoir for geothermal exploitation.},
language = {en}
}
@article{TranterDeLuciaWolfgrammetal.2020,
author = {Tranter, Morgan Alan and De Lucia, Marco and Wolfgramm, Markus and K{\"u}hn, Michael},
title = {Barite scale formation and injectivity loss models for geothermal systems},
series = {Water},
volume = {12},
journal = {Water},
number = {11},
publisher = {MDPI},
address = {Basel},
issn = {2073-4441},
doi = {10.3390/w12113078},
pages = {24},
year = {2020},
abstract = {Barite scales in geothermal installations are a highly unwanted effect of circulating deep saline fluids. They build up in the reservoir if supersaturated fluids are re-injected, leading to irreversible loss of injectivity. A model is presented for calculating the total expected barite precipitation. To determine the related injectivity decline over time, the spatial precipitation distribution in the subsurface near the injection well is assessed by modelling barite growth kinetics in a radially diverging Darcy flow domain. Flow and reservoir properties as well as fluid chemistry are chosen to represent reservoirs subject to geothermal exploration located in the North German Basin (NGB) and the Upper Rhine Graben (URG) in Germany. Fluids encountered at similar depths are hotter in the URG, while they are more saline in the NGB. The associated scaling amount normalised to flow rate is similar for both regions. The predicted injectivity decline after 10 years, on the other hand, is far greater for the NGB (64\%) compared to the URG (24\%), due to the temperature- and salinity-dependent precipitation rate. The systems in the NGB are at higher risk. Finally, a lightweight score is developed for approximating the injectivity loss using the Damkohler number, flow rate and total barite scaling potential. This formula can be easily applied to geothermal installations without running complex reactive transport simulations.},
language = {en}
}
@article{MazareiPenschkeSaalfrank2023,
author = {Mazarei, Elham and Penschke, Christopher and Saalfrank, Peter},
title = {Band gap engineering in two-dimensional materials by functionalization},
series = {ACS Omega},
volume = {8},
journal = {ACS Omega},
number = {24},
publisher = {American Chemical Society},
address = {Washington},
issn = {2470-1343},
doi = {10.1021/acsomega.3c02068},
pages = {22026 -- 22041},
year = {2023},
abstract = {Graphene is well-knownfor its unique combination of electricaland mechanical properties. However, its vanishing band gap limitsthe use of graphene in microelectronics. Covalent functionalizationof graphene has been a common approach to address this critical issueand introduce a band gap. In this Article, we systematically analyzethe functionalization of single-layer graphene (SLG) and bilayer graphene(BLG) with methyl (CH3) using periodic density functionaltheory (DFT) at the PBE+D3 level of theory. We also include a comparisonof methylated single-layer and bilayer graphene, as well as a discussionof different methylation options (radicalic, cationic, and anionic).For SLG, methyl coverages ranging from 1/8 to 1/1, (i.e.,the fully methylated analogue of graphane) are considered. We findthat up to a coverage theta of 1/2, graphene readily accepts CH3, with neighbor CH3 groups preferring trans positions. Above theta = 1/2, the tendency to accept further CH3 weakens and the lattice constant increases. The band gapbehaves less regularly, but overall it increases with increasing methylcoverage. Thus, methylated graphene shows potential for developingband gap-tuned microelectronics devices and may offer further functionalizationoptions. To guide in the interpretation of methylation experiments,vibrational signatures of various species are characterized by normal-modeanalysis (NMA), their vibrational density of states (VDOS), and infrared(IR) spectra, the latter two are obtained from ab initio moleculardynamics (AIMD) in combination with a velocity-velocity autocorrelationfunction (VVAF) approach.},
language = {en}
}
@article{Petersen2023,
author = {Petersen, Jens},
title = {Baltasar Graci{\´a}ns ‚Ph{\"o}nix der Gerechtigkeit'},
series = {Studien zur juristischen Ideengeschichte},
journal = {Studien zur juristischen Ideengeschichte},
publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
address = {Potsdam},
isbn = {978-3-86956-543-9},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-60421},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-604212},
pages = {25 -- 40},
year = {2023},
language = {de}
}
@article{WiesmeierDalinWehrleetal.2017,
author = {Wiesmeier, Isabella K. and Dalin, Daniela and Wehrle, Anja and Granacher, Urs and Muehlbauer, Thomas and Dietterle, J{\"o}rg and Weiller, Cornelius and Gollhofer, Albert and Maurer, Christoph},
title = {Balance training enhances vestibular function and reduces overactive proprioceptive feedback in elderly},
series = {Frontiers in aging neuroscience},
volume = {9},
journal = {Frontiers in aging neuroscience},
publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
address = {Lausanne},
issn = {1663-4365},
doi = {10.3389/fnagi.2017.00273},
pages = {13},
year = {2017},
abstract = {Objectives: Postural control in elderly people is impaired by degradations of sensory, motor, and higher-level adaptive mechanisms. Here, we characterize the effects of a progressive balance training programon these postural control impairments using a brain network model based on system identification techniques. Methods and Material: We analyzed postural control of 35 healthy elderly subjects and compared findings to data from 35 healthy young volunteers. Eighteen elderly subjects performed a 10 week balance training conducted twice per week. Balance training was carried out in static and dynamic movement states, on support surfaces with different elastic compliances, under different visual conditions and motor tasks. Postural control was characterized by spontaneous sway and postural reactions to pseudorandom anterior-posterior tilts of the support surface. Data were interpreted using a parameter identification procedure based on a brain network model. Conclusion: Balance training reduced overactive proprioceptive feedback and restored vestibular orientation in elderly. Based on the assumption of a linear deterioration of postural control across the life span, the training effect can be extrapolated as a juvenescence of 10 years. This study points to a considerable benefit of a continuous balance training in elderly, even without any sensorimotor deficits.},
language = {en}
}
@article{EsmaeilishirazifardUsherTrimetal.2022,
author = {Esmaeilishirazifard, Elham and Usher, Louise and Trim, Carol and Denise, Hubert and Sangal, Vartul and Tyson, Gregory H. and Barlow, Axel and Redway, Keith F. and Taylor, John D. and Kremyda-Vlachou, Myrto and Davies, Sam and Loftus, Teresa D. and Lock, Mikaella M. G. and Wright, Kstir and Dalby, Andrew and Snyder, Lori A. S. and Wuster, Wolfgang and Trim, Steve and Moschos, Sterghios A.},
title = {Bacterial adaptation to venom in snakes and arachnida},
series = {Microbiology spectrum},
volume = {10},
journal = {Microbiology spectrum},
number = {3},
publisher = {American Society for Microbiology},
address = {Birmingham, Ala.},
issn = {2165-0497},
doi = {10.1128/spectrum.02408-21},
pages = {16},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Notwithstanding their 3 to 5\% mortality, the 2.7 million envenomation-related injuries occurring annually-predominantly across Africa, Asia, and Latin America-are also major causes of morbidity. Venom toxin-damaged tissue will develop infections in some 75\% of envenomation victims, with E. faecalis being a common culprit of disease; however, such infections are generally considered to be independent of envenomation. Animal venoms are considered sterile sources of antimicrobial compounds with strong membrane-disrupting activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, venomous bite wound infections are common in developing nations. Investigating the envenomation organ and venom microbiota of five snake and two spider species, we observed venom community structures that depend on the host venomous animal species and evidenced recovery of viable microorganisms from black-necked spitting cobra (Naja nigricollis) and Indian ornamental tarantula (Poecilotheria regalis) venoms. Among the bacterial isolates recovered from N. nigricollis, we identified two venom-resistant, novel sequence types of Enterococcus faecalis whose genomes feature 16 virulence genes, indicating infectious potential, and 45 additional genes, nearly half of which improve bacterial membrane integrity. Our findings challenge the dogma of venom sterility and indicate an increased primary infection risk in the clinical management of venomous animal bite wounds. IMPORTANCE Notwithstanding their 3 to 5\% mortality, the 2.7 million envenomation-related injuries occurring annually-predominantly across Africa, Asia, and Latin America-are also major causes of morbidity. Venom toxin-damaged tissue will develop infections in some 75\% of envenomation victims, with E. faecalis being a common culprit of disease; however, such infections are generally considered to be independent of envenomation. Here, we provide evidence on venom microbiota across snakes and arachnida and report on the convergent evolution mechanisms that can facilitate adaptation to black-necked cobra venom in two independent E. faecalis strains, easily misidentified by biochemical diagnostics. Therefore, since inoculation with viable and virulence gene-harboring bacteria can occur during envenomation, acute infection risk management following envenomation is warranted, particularly for immunocompromised and malnourished victims in resource-limited settings. These results shed light on how bacteria evolve for survival in one of the most extreme environments on Earth and how venomous bites must be also treated for infections.},
language = {en}
}
@article{BatistaFigueiredoSantosGonzalezetal.2019,
author = {Batista, Rita A. and Figueiredo, Duarte Dionisio and Santos-Gonzalez, Juan and K{\"o}hler, Claudia},
title = {Auxin regulates endosperm cellularization in Arabidopsis},
series = {Genes \& Development},
volume = {33},
journal = {Genes \& Development},
number = {7-8},
publisher = {Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press},
address = {Cold Spring Harbor, NY},
issn = {0890-9369},
doi = {10.1101/gad.316554.118},
pages = {466 -- 476},
year = {2019},
abstract = {The endosperm is an ephemeral tissue that nourishes the developing embryo, similar to the placenta in mammals. In most angiosperms, endosperm development starts as a syncytium, in which nuclear divisions are not followed by cytokinesis. The timing of endosperm cellularization largely varies between species, and the event triggering this transition remains unknown. Here we show that increased auxin biosynthesis in the endosperm prevents its cellularization, leading to seed arrest. Auxin-overproducing seeds phenocopy paternal-excess triploid seeds derived from hybridizations of diploid maternal plants with tetraploid fathers. Concurrently, auxin-related genes are strongly overexpressed in triploid seeds, correlating with increased auxin activity. Reducing auxin biosynthesis and signaling reestablishes endosperm cellularization in triploid seeds and restores their viability, highlighting a causal role of increased auxin in preventing endosperm cellularization. We propose that auxin determines the time of endosperm cellularization, and thereby uncovered a central role of auxin in establishing hybridization barriers in plants.},
language = {en}
}
@article{DaempflingMielkeKoellneretal.2022,
author = {D{\"a}mpfling, Helge L. C. and Mielke, Christian and Koellner, Nicole and Lorenz, Melanie and Rogass, Christian and Altenberger, Uwe and Harlov, Daniel E. and Knoper, Michael},
title = {Automatic element and mineral detection in thin sections using hyperspectral transmittance imaging microscopy (HyperTIM)},
series = {European journal of mineralogy},
volume = {34},
journal = {European journal of mineralogy},
number = {3},
publisher = {Copernicus},
address = {G{\"o}ttingen},
issn = {0935-1221},
doi = {10.5194/ejm-34-275-2022},
pages = {275 -- 284},
year = {2022},
abstract = {In this study we present a novel method for the automatic detection of minerals and elements using hyperspectral transmittance imaging microscopy measurements of complete thin sections (HyperTIM). This is accomplished by using a hyperspectral camera system that operates in the visible and near-infrared (VNIR) range with a specifically designed sample holder, scanning setup, and a microscope lens. We utilize this method on a monazite ore thin section from Steenkampskraal (South Africa), which we analyzed for the rare earth element (REE)-bearing mineral monazite ((Ce,Nd,La)PO4), with high concentrations of Nd. The transmittance analyses with the hyperspectral VNIR camera can be used to identify REE minerals and Nd in thin sections. We propose a three-point band depth index, the Nd feature depth index (NdFD), and its related product the Nd band depth index (NdBDI), which enables automatic mineral detection and classification for the Nd-bearing monazites in thin sections. In combination with the average concentration of the relative Nd content, it permits a destruction-free, total concentration calculation for Nd across the entire thin section.},
language = {en}
}
@article{SchinkoethBrand2020,
author = {Schink{\"o}th, Michaela and Brand, Ralf},
title = {Automatic associations and the affective valuation of exercise},
series = {German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research},
volume = {50},
journal = {German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research},
number = {654},
publisher = {Springer},
address = {Berlin ; Heidelberg},
issn = {2509-3150},
doi = {10.1007/s12662-020-00664-9},
pages = {366 -- 376},
year = {2020},
abstract = {The decision to exercise is not only bound to rational considerations but also automatic affective processes. The affective-reflective theory of physical inactivity and exercise (ART) proposes a theoretical framework for explaining how the automatic affective process (type‑1 process) will influence exercise behavior, i.e., through the automatic activation of exercise-related associations and a subsequent affective valuation of exercise. This study aimed to empirically test this assumption of the ART with data from 69 study participants. A single-measurement study, including within-subject experimental variation, was conducted. Automatic associations with exercise were first measured with a single-target implicit association test. The somato-affective core of the participants' automatic valuation of exercise-related pictures was then assessed via heart rate variability (HRV) analysis, and the affective valence of the valuation was tested with a facial expression (FE; smile and frown) task. Exercise behavior was assessed via self-report. Multiple regression (path) analysis revealed that automatic associations predicted HRV reactivity (β = -0.24, p = .044); the signs of the correlation between automatic associations and the smile FE score was in the expected direction but remained nonsignificant (β = -0.21, p = .078). HRV reactivity predicted self-reported exercise behavior (β = -0.28, p = .013) (the same pattern of results was achieved for the frown FE score). The HRV-related results illustrate the potential role of automatic negative affective reactions to the thought of exercise as a restraining force in exercise motivation. For better empirical distinction between the two ART type‑1 process components, automatic associations and the affective valuation should perhaps be measured separately in the future. The results support the notion that automatic and affective processes should be regarded as essential aspects of the motivation to exercise.},
language = {en}
}
@article{DeutschmannRoggenbuckSchieracketal.2020,
author = {Deutschmann, Claudia and Roggenbuck, Dirk and Schierack, Peter and R{\"o}diger, Stefan},
title = {Autoantibody testing by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-a case in which the solid phase decides on success and failure},
series = {Heliyon},
volume = {6},
journal = {Heliyon},
number = {1},
publisher = {Elsevier},
address = {London [u.a.]},
issn = {2405-8440},
doi = {10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03270},
pages = {6},
year = {2020},
abstract = {Background: The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is an indispensable tool for clinical diagnostics to identify or differentiate diseases such as autoimmune illnesses, but also to monitor their progression or control the efficacy of drugs. One use case of ELISA is to differentiate between different states (e.g. healthy vs. diseased). Another goal is to quantitatively assess the biomarker in question, like autoantibodies. Thus, the ELISA technology is used for the discovery and verification of new autoantibodies, too. Of key interest, however, is the development of immunoassays for the sensitive and specific detection of such biomarkers at early disease stages. Therefore, users have to deal with many parameters, such as buffer systems or antigen-autoantibody interactions, to successfully establish an ELISA. Often, fine-tuning like testing of several blocking substances is performed to yield high signal-to-noise ratios.
Methods: We developed an ELISA to detect IgA and IgG autoantibodies against chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1), a newly identified autoantigen in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in the serum of control and disease groups (n = 23, respectively). Microwell plates with different surface modifications (PolySorp and MaxiSorp coating) were tested to detect reproducibility problems.
Results: We found a significant impact of the surface properties of the microwell plates. IgA antibody reactivity was significantly lower, since it was in the range of background noise, when measured on MaxiSorp coated plates (p < 0.0001). The IgG antibody reactivity did not differ on the diverse plates, but the plate surface had a significant influence on the test result (p = 0.0005).
Conclusion: With this report, we want to draw readers' attention to the properties of solid phases and their effects on the detection of autoantibodies by ELISA. We want to sensitize the reader to the fact that the choice of the wrong plate can lead to a false negative test result, which in turn has serious consequences for the discovery of autoantibodies.},
language = {en}
}
@article{PuppeLeueSommeretal.2022,
author = {Puppe, Daniel and Leue, Martin and Sommer, Michael and Schaller, J{\"o}rg and Kaczorek, Danuta},
title = {Auto-fluorescence in phytoliths},
series = {Frontiers in Environmental Science},
volume = {10},
journal = {Frontiers in Environmental Science},
publisher = {Frontiers Media},
address = {Lausanne},
issn = {2296-665X},
doi = {10.3389/fenvs.2022.915947},
pages = {14},
year = {2022},
abstract = {The detection of auto-fluorescence in phytogenic, hydrated amorphous silica depositions (phytoliths) has been found to be a promising approach to verify if phytoliths were burnt or not, especially in archaeological contexts. However, it is unknown so far at what temperature and how auto-fluorescence is induced in phytoliths. We used fluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to analyze auto-fluorescence in modern phytoliths extracted from plant samples or in intact leaves of winter wheat. Leaves and extracted phytoliths were heated at different temperatures up to 600 degrees C. The aims of our experiments were i) to find out what temperature is needed to induce auto-fluorescence in phytoliths, ii) to detect temperature-dependent changes in the molecular structure of phytoliths related to auto-fluorescence, and iii) to derive a mechanistic understanding of auto-fluorescence in phytoliths. We found organic compounds associated with phytoliths to cause auto-fluorescence in phytoliths treated at temperatures below approx. 400 degrees C. In phytoliths treated at higher temperatures, i.e., 450 and 600 degrees C, phytolith auto-fluorescence was mainly caused by molecular changes of phytolith silica. Based on our results we propose that auto-fluorescence in phytoliths is caused by clusterization-triggered emissions, which are caused by overlapping electron clouds forming non-conventional chromophores. In phytoliths heated at temperatures above about 400 degrees C dihydroxylation and the formation of siloxanes result in oxygen clusters that serve as non-conventional chromophores in fluorescence events. Furthermore, SEM-EDX analyses revealed that extractable phytoliths were dominated by lumen phytoliths (62\%) compared to cell wall phytoliths (38\%). Our findings might be not only relevant in archaeological phytolith-based examinations, but also for studies on the temperature-dependent release of silicon from phytoliths and the potential of long-term carbon sequestration in phytoliths.},
language = {en}
}
@article{KluthLemireTremblayJameyetal.2023,
author = {Kluth, Alicia and Lemire-Tremblay, Marilyne and Jamey, Kevin and Dalla Bella, Simone and Falk, Simone},
title = {Auswirkungen eines nonverbalen Rhythmustrainings auf die Sprechmotorik und Sprechfl{\"u}ssigkeit bei stotternden Kindern},
series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik 16},
journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik 16},
number = {16},
publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
address = {Potsdam},
isbn = {978-3-86956-559-0},
issn = {1866-9433},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-61349},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-613497},
pages = {135 -- 149},
year = {2023},
abstract = {Die alleinige Ursache von Stottern ist weiterhin nicht abschließend gekl{\"a}rt. Auf neurofunktioneller und -morphologischer Ebene zeigen stotternde Personen Abweichungen in den Arealen, welche nicht nur f{\"u}r die Initiierung von sprechmotorischen Programmen, sondern auch f{\"u}r die Produktion und Perzeption von musikalischen Rhythmen zust{\"a}ndig sind. Unterschiede zu fl{\"u}ssigsprechenden Personen treten jedoch nicht nur im verbalen, sondern auch im nonverbal sensomotorischen Bereich auf, was auf eine St{\"o}rung dom{\"a}nen{\"u}bergreifender auditiv-motorischer Koordinationsprozesse hindeutet. Ausgehend davon wurde in einigen Studien postuliert, dass dem St{\"o}rungsbild Stottern ein dom{\"a}nen{\"u}bergreifendes Rhythmusdefizit zugrunde liegt. Im Gegensatz zu anderen St{\"o}rungsbildern, welche auch Probleme in rhythmischen Aufgaben aufweisen, gibt es bis dato jedoch keine Intervention, welche dieses Defizit angeht. Es soll untersucht werden, ob ein nonverbales rhythmisches Training bei stotternden Kindern im Alter von zehn bis zw{\"o}lf Jahren eine Verbesserung der sensomotorischen Synchronisationsf{\"a}higkeiten zur Folge hat. Zudem soll erforscht werden, ob es Transfereffekte auf die Sprechmotorik und Sprechfl{\"u}ssigkeit gibt. F{\"u}r die vorliegende einfach verblindete Pilotstudie sollen 20 Kinder rekrutiert werden. Zehn davon werden randomisiert der Experimentalgruppe zugewiesen, welche das rhythmische Spiel Rhythm Workers {\"u}ber drei Wochen daheim auf einem Tablet spielen sollen. Die Kontrollgruppe spielt ein nicht-rhythmisches Bubble-Shooter-Spiel namens Frozen Bubble. Diese Studie k{\"o}nnte somit den Weg ebnen f{\"u}r technologieunterst{\"u}tzte Rehabilitationsmaßnahmen, welche darauf abzielen die rhythmisch-motorischen Defizite bei Stottern zu lindern.},
language = {de}
}
@article{AscheBrechenmacher2022,
author = {Asche, Matthias and Brechenmacher, Thomas},
title = {Auswahlbibliographie zur berlin-brandenburgischen Immigrationsgeschichte},
series = {Hier geblieben? Brandenburg als Einwanderungsland vom Mittelalter bis heute},
journal = {Hier geblieben? Brandenburg als Einwanderungsland vom Mittelalter bis heute},
publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
address = {Potsdam},
isbn = {978-3-86956-506-4},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-54689},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-546899},
pages = {251 -- 262},
year = {2022},
language = {de}
}
@article{PatonVogelKlugeetal.2021,
author = {Paton, Eva and Vogel, Johannes Joscha and Kluge, Bj{\"o}rn and Nehls, Thomas},
title = {Ausmaß, Trend und Extrema von D{\"u}rren im urbanen Raum},
series = {Hydrologie und Wasserbewirtschaftung},
volume = {65},
journal = {Hydrologie und Wasserbewirtschaftung},
number = {1},
publisher = {Bundesanstalt f{\"u}r Gew{\"a}sserkunde},
address = {Koblenz},
issn = {1439-1783},
doi = {10.5675/HyWa_2021.1_1},
pages = {5 -- 16},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Summers are currently perceived to be getting longer, hotter and more extreme - and this impression is reinforced in urban areas by the occurrence of heat island effects in densely built-up areas. To assess the real extent of increasing drought occurrences in German cities, a DWD data set of 31 urban climate stations for the period 1950 to 2019 was analysed using the standardised precipitation index (SPI) with regard to meteorological drought lengths, drought extrema, heat waves and compound events in the form of simultaneously occurring heat waves and drought months. The analysis shows a large degree of heterogeneity within Germany: a severe drought occurred in most cities in 2018, while the year 2018 was among the three years with the longest droughts (since 1950) for only one third of the cities. Some southern and central German cities show a statistically significant increase in drought months per decade since 1950, other cities, mostly in the north and northwest, only show an increase in the past two decades or even no trend at all. The compound analysis of simultaneously occurring heat and drought months shows a strong increase at most stations in the last two decades, whereby the two components are responsible with a very different proportion regionally for the increase in compound events.},
language = {de}
}
@article{Martin2022,
author = {Martin, Angela},
title = {Ausgebeutet, diskriminiert, aber dringend gebraucht},
series = {Hier geblieben? Brandenburg als Einwanderungsland vom Mittelalter bis heute},
journal = {Hier geblieben? Brandenburg als Einwanderungsland vom Mittelalter bis heute},
publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
address = {Potsdam},
isbn = {978-3-86956-506-4},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-54685},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-546850},
pages = {193 -- 208},
year = {2022},
language = {de}
}
@article{Dieter2022,
author = {Dieter, Heribert},
title = {AUKUS und die strukturellen Ver{\"a}nderungen der sicherheitspolitischen Lage im indo-pazifischen Raum},
series = {SIRIUS - Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Strategische Analysen},
volume = {6},
journal = {SIRIUS - Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Strategische Analysen},
number = {2},
publisher = {De Gruyter},
address = {Berlin},
issn = {2510-263X},
doi = {10.1515/sirius-2022-2007},
pages = {210 -- 217},
year = {2022},
language = {de}
}
@article{BaberowskiLeonhardtRentschetal.2023,
author = {Baberowski, David and Leonhardt, Thiemo and Rentsch, Susanne and Bergner, Nadine},
title = {Aufbau informatischer Kompetenzen im Kontext KI bei Lehramtsstudierenden des Faches Politik},
series = {Hochschuldidaktik Informatik HDI 2021 (Commentarii informaticae didacticae)},
journal = {Hochschuldidaktik Informatik HDI 2021 (Commentarii informaticae didacticae)},
number = {13},
publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
address = {Potsdam},
isbn = {978-3-86956-548-4},
issn = {1868-0844},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-61599},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-615995},
pages = {189 -- 209},
year = {2023},
abstract = {Lehrkr{\"a}fte aller F{\"a}cher ben{\"o}tigen informatische Kompetenzen, um der wachsenden Alltagsrelevanz von Informatik und aktuell g{\"u}ltigen Lehrpl{\"a}nen gerecht zu werden. Beispielsweise verweist in Sachsen der Lehrplan f{\"u}r das Fach Gemeinschaftskunde, Rechtserziehung und Wirtschaft am Gymnasium mit dem f{\"u}r die Jahrgangsstufe 11 vorgesehenem Thema „Digitalisierung und sozialer Wandel" auf K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz (KI) und explizit auf die Bedeutung der informatischen Bildung. Um die n{\"o}tigen informatischen Grundlagen zu vermitteln, wurde f{\"u}r Lehramtsstudierende des Faches Politik ein Workshop erarbeitet, der die Grundlagen der Funktionsweise von KI anhand von {\"u}berwachtem maschinellen Lernen in neuronalen Netzen vermittelt. Inhalt des Workshops ist es, mit Bezug auf gesellschaftliche Implikationen wie Datenschutz bei Trainingsdaten und algorithmic bias einen informierten Diskurs zu politischen Themen zu erm{\"o}glichen. Ziele des Workshops f{\"u}r Lehramtsstudierende mit dem Fach Politik sind: (1) Aufbau informatischer Kompetenzen in Bezug zum Thema KI, (2) St{\"a}rkung der Diskussionsf{\"a}higkeiten der Studierenden durch passende informatische Kompetenzen und (3) Anregung der Studierenden zum Transfer auf passende Themenstellungen im Politikunterricht. Das Evaluationskonzept umfasst eine Pre-Post-Befragung zur Zuversicht zur Vermittlungskompetenz unter Bezug auf maschinelles Lernen in neuronalen Netzen im Unterricht, sowie die Analyse einer abschließenden Diskussion. F{\"u}r die Pre-Post-Befragung konnte eine Steigerung der Zuversicht zur Vermittlungskompetenz beobachtet werden. Die Analyse der Diskussion zeigte das Bewusstsein der Alltagsrelevanz des Themas KI bei den Teilnehmenden, aber noch keine Anwendung der informatischen Inhalte des Workshops zur St{\"u}tzung der Argumente in der Diskussion.},
language = {de}
}
@article{OetkenGorski2023,
author = {Oetken, Mandy and Gorski, Sebastian},
title = {Aufbau eines integrierten Pilotstudiengangs im gewerblich-technischen Lehramt f{\"u}r die Mangelf{\"a}cher Metall- und Elektrotechnik},
series = {Reflexion in der Lehrkr{\"a}ftebildung: Empirisch - Phasen{\"u}bergreifend - Interdisziplin{\"a}r (Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 4)},
journal = {Reflexion in der Lehrkr{\"a}ftebildung: Empirisch - Phasen{\"u}bergreifend - Interdisziplin{\"a}r (Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 4)},
number = {4},
editor = {Mientus, Lukas and Klempin, Christiane and Nowak, Anna},
publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
address = {Potsdam},
isbn = {978-3-86956-566-8},
issn = {2626-3556},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-63144},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-631440},
pages = {249 -- 257},
year = {2023},
abstract = {Im beruflichen Lehramt bilden sowohl der Mangel an Studierenden als auch hohe Abbruchquoten bzw. die Abwanderung in Unternehmen eine permanente Herausforderung, der im Rahmen des Projekts „FACE - Berufliches Lehramt" (gef{\"o}rdert im Kontext der 3. Phase der Qualit{\"a}tsoffensive Lehrerbildung) mit unterschiedlichen Maßnahmen begegnet werden soll. Die Entwicklungs- und Unterst{\"u}tzungsmaßnahmen im gewerblich-technischen Lehramt am Standort Freiburg fokussieren insbesondere die Aspekte Koh{\"a}renz und Professionsorientierung - zuk{\"u}nftig forciert durch studentische Reflexionsprozesse. Diese werden durch die Entwicklung eines Pilotstudiengangs erg{\"a}nzt, welcher eine 52-w{\"o}chige betriebliche Praxis auf Facharbeiterebene (Facharbeiterbrief) in das Studium integriert. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus finden Facetten von Heterogenit{\"a}t/Inklusion und Deutsch als Zweitsprache/Deutsch als Fremdsprache (DaZ/DaF) als Querschnittskompetenzen Eingang in das Studium. Die in allen Bereichen erworbenen Handlungskompetenzen werden in den Schulpraxisphasen erprobt und anschließend kritisch-konstruktiv in Reflexionsseminaren aufgearbeitet. Im folgenden Beitrag soll kurz auf die Entstehung des Pilotstudiengangs unter reflexiven Aspekten eingegangen werden.},
language = {de}
}
@article{Thomas2020,
author = {Thomas, Linda},
title = {Auf dem Weg zu 100 Prozent Open Access},
series = {Bibliotheksdienst},
volume = {54},
journal = {Bibliotheksdienst},
number = {7-8},
publisher = {de Gruyter},
address = {Berlin},
issn = {0006-1972},
doi = {10.1515/bd-2020-0069},
pages = {545 -- 558},
year = {2020},
abstract = {Die Universit{\"a}t Potsdam verwaltet seit 2015 einen DFG-gef{\"o}rderten Publikationsfonds. In den Publikationsjahren 2015 und 2017 wurden Outputanalysen durchgef{\"u}hrt. Open Access ist seit 2018 ein zentraler Bestandteil des Mittelverteilungsmodells. Der Artikel thematisiert die zentralen Erkenntnisse der letzten f{\"u}nf Jahre und illustriert die entstandene Infrastruktur. Außerdem werden aktuelle Herausforderungen und m{\"o}gliche L{\"o}sungsans{\"a}tze der Transformation auf dem Weg hin zu 100 Prozent Open Access thematisiert.},
language = {de}
}
@article{Siegeris2023,
author = {Siegeris, Juliane},
title = {Attracting a new clientele for computer science with a women-only IT degree course},
series = {Hochschuldidaktik Informatik HDI 2021 (Commentarii informaticae didacticae)},
journal = {Hochschuldidaktik Informatik HDI 2021 (Commentarii informaticae didacticae)},
number = {13},
publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
address = {Potsdam},
isbn = {978-3-86956-548-4},
issn = {1868-0844},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-61571},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-615712},
pages = {157 -- 170},
year = {2023},
abstract = {A degree course in IT and business administration solely for women (FIW) has been offered since 2009 at the HTW Berlin - University of Applied Sciences. This contribution discusses student motivations for enrolling in such a women only degree course and gives details of our experience over recent years. In particular, the approach to attracting new female students is described and the composition of the intake is discussed. It is shown that the women-only setting together with other factors can attract a new clientele for computer science.},
language = {en}
}
@article{MuehlenbeckPritschWartenburgeretal.2020,
author = {M{\"u}hlenbeck, Cordelia Anna and Pritsch, Carla and Wartenburger, Isabell and Telkemeyer, Silke and Liebal, Katja},
title = {Attentional bias to facial expressions of different emotions},
series = {Frontiers in psychology},
volume = {11},
journal = {Frontiers in psychology},
publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
address = {Lausanne},
issn = {1664-1078},
doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00795},
pages = {9},
year = {2020},
abstract = {The attentional bias to negative information enables humans to quickly identify and to respond appropriately to potentially threatening situations. Because of its adaptive function, the enhanced sensitivity to negative information is expected to represent a universal trait, shared by all humans regardless of their cultural background. However, existing research focuses almost exclusively on humans from Western industrialized societies, who are not representative for the human species. Therefore, we compare humans from two distinct cultural contexts: adolescents and children from Germany, a Western industrialized society, and from the not equal Akhoe Hai parallel to om, semi-nomadic hunter-gatherers in Namibia. We predicted that both groups show an attentional bias toward negative facial expressions as compared to neutral or positive faces. We used eye-tracking to measure their fixation duration on facial expressions depicting different emotions, including negative (fear, anger), positive (happy), and neutral faces. Both Germans and the not equal Akhoe Hai parallel to om gazed longer at fearful faces, but shorter on angry faces, challenging the notion of a general bias toward negative emotions. For happy faces, fixation durations varied between the two groups, suggesting more flexibility in the response to positive emotions. Our findings emphasize the need for placing research on emotion perception into an evolutionary, cross-cultural comparative framework that considers the adaptive significance of specific emotions, rather than differentiating between positive and negative information, and enables systematic comparisons across participants from diverse cultural backgrounds.},
language = {en}
}
@article{WrightUlkeFontetal.2020,
author = {Wright, Stephanie L. and Ulke, Jannis and Font, Anna and Chan, Ka Lung Andrew and Kelly, Frank J.},
title = {Atmospheric microplastic deposition in an urban environment and an evaluation of transport},
series = {Environment international},
volume = {136},
journal = {Environment international},
publisher = {Elsevier, Pergamon Press},
address = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
issn = {0160-4120},
doi = {10.1016/j.envint.2019.105411},
pages = {7},
year = {2020},
abstract = {Microplastics are a global environmental issue contaminating aquatic and terrestrial environments. They have been reported in atmospheric deposition, and indoor and outdoor air, raising concern for public health due to the potential for exposure. Moreover, the atmosphere presents a new vehicle for microplastics to enter the wider environment, yet our knowledge of the quantities, characteristics and pathways of airborne microplastics is sparse. Here we show microplastics in atmospheric deposition in a major population centre, central London. Microplastics were found in all samples, with deposition rates ranging from 575 to 1008 microplastics/m(2)/d. They were found in various shapes, of which fibrous microplastics accounted for the great majority (92\%). Across all samples, 15 different petrochemical-based polymers were identified. Bivariate polar plots indicated dependency on wind, with different source areas for fibrous and non-fibrous airborne microplastics. This is the first evidence of airborne microplastics in London and confirms the need to include airborne pathways when consolidating microplastic impacts on the wider environment and human health.},
language = {en}
}
@article{GruenerMuehleMeinel2021,
author = {Gr{\"u}ner, Andreas and M{\"u}hle, Alexander and Meinel, Christoph},
title = {ATIB},
series = {IEEE access : practical research, open solutions / Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers},
volume = {9},
journal = {IEEE access : practical research, open solutions / Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers},
publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers},
address = {New York, NY},
issn = {2169-3536},
doi = {10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3116095},
pages = {138553 -- 138570},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Identity management is a principle component of securing online services. In the advancement of traditional identity management patterns, the identity provider remained a Trusted Third Party (TTP). The service provider and the user need to trust a particular identity provider for correct attributes amongst other demands. This paradigm changed with the invention of blockchain-based Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI) solutions that primarily focus on the users. SSI reduces the functional scope of the identity provider to an attribute provider while enabling attribute aggregation. Besides that, the development of new protocols, disregarding established protocols and a significantly fragmented landscape of SSI solutions pose considerable challenges for an adoption by service providers. We propose an Attribute Trust-enhancing Identity Broker (ATIB) to leverage the potential of SSI for trust-enhancing attribute aggregation. Furthermore, ATIB abstracts from a dedicated SSI solution and offers standard protocols. Therefore, it facilitates the adoption by service providers. Despite the brokered integration approach, we show that ATIB provides a high security posture. Additionally, ATIB does not compromise the ten foundational SSI principles for the users.},
language = {en}
}
@article{PadashSandevKantzetal.2022,
author = {Padash, Amin and Sandev, Trifce and Kantz, Holger and Metzler, Ralf and Chechkin, Aleksei},
title = {Asymmetric Levy flights are more efficient in random search},
series = {Fractal and fractional},
volume = {6},
journal = {Fractal and fractional},
number = {5},
publisher = {MDPI},
address = {Basel},
issn = {2504-3110},
doi = {10.3390/fractalfract6050260},
pages = {23},
year = {2022},
abstract = {We study the first-arrival (first-hitting) dynamics and efficiency of a one-dimensional random search model performing asymmetric Levy flights by leveraging the Fokker-Planck equation with a delta-sink and an asymmetric space-fractional derivative operator with stable index alpha and asymmetry (skewness) parameter beta. We find exact analytical results for the probability density of first-arrival times and the search efficiency, and we analyse their behaviour within the limits of short and long times. We find that when the starting point of the searcher is to the right of the target, random search by Brownian motion is more efficient than Levy flights with beta <= 0 (with a rightward bias) for short initial distances, while for beta>0 (with a leftward bias) Levy flights with alpha -> 1 are more efficient. When increasing the initial distance of the searcher to the target, Levy flight search (except for alpha=1 with beta=0) is more efficient than the Brownian search. Moreover, the asymmetry in jumps leads to essentially higher efficiency of the Levy search compared to symmetric Levy flights at both short and long distances, and the effect is more pronounced for stable indices alpha close to unity.},
language = {en}
}
@article{UrbachAwiszusLeissetal.2020,
author = {Urbach, Dietmar and Awiszus, Friedemann and Leiß, Sven and Venton, Tamsin and De Specht, Alexander Vincent and Apfelbacher, Christian},
title = {Associations of medications with lower odds of typical COVID-19 symptoms},
series = {JMIR public health and surveillance},
volume = {6},
journal = {JMIR public health and surveillance},
number = {4},
publisher = {JMIR Publications},
address = {Toronto},
issn = {2369-2960},
doi = {10.2196/22521},
pages = {10},
year = {2020},
abstract = {Background: As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread across the globe, the search for an effective medication to treat the symptoms of COVID-19 continues as well. It would be desirable to identify a medication that is already in use for another condition and whose side effect profile and safety data are already known and approved. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different medications on typical COVID-19 symptoms by using data from an online surveillance survey. Methods: Between early April and late-July 2020, a total of 3654 individuals in Lower Saxony, Germany, participated in an online symptom-tracking survey conducted through the app covid-nein-danke.de. The questionnaire comprised items on typical COVID-19 symptoms, age range, gender, employment in patient-facing healthcare, housing status, postal code, previous illnesses, permanent medication, vaccination status, results of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and antibody tests for COVID-19 diagnosis, and consequent COVID-19 treatment if applicable. Odds ratio estimates with corresponding 95\% CIs were computed for each medication and symptom by using logistic regression models. Results: Data analysis suggested a statistically significant inverse relationship between typical COVID-19 symptoms self-reported by the participants and self-reported statin therapy and, to a lesser extent, antihypertensive therapy. When COVID-19 diagnosis was based on restrictive symptom criteria (ie, presence of 4 out of 7 symptoms) or a positive RT-PCR test, a statistically significant association was found solely for statins (odds ratio 0.28, 95\% CI 0.1-0.78). Conclusions: Individuals taking statin medication are more likely to have asymptomatic COVID-19, in which case they may be at an increased risk of transmitting the disease unknowingly. We suggest that the results of this study be incorporated into symptoms-based surveillance and decision-making protocols in regard to COVID-19 management. Whether statin therapy has a beneficial effect in combating COVID-19 cannot be deduced based on our findings and should be investigated by further study.},
language = {en}
}
@article{WachsWrightSittichaietal.2019,
author = {Wachs, Sebastian and Wright, Michelle F. and Sittichai, Ruthaychonnee and Singh, Ritu and Biswal, Ramakrishna and Kim, Eun-mee and Yang, Soeun and G{\´a}mez-Guadix, Manuel and Almendros, Carmen and Flora, Katerina and Daskalou, Vassiliki and Maziridou, Evdoxia},
title = {Associations between witnessing and perpetrating online hate in eight countries},
series = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},
volume = {16},
journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},
number = {20},
publisher = {MDPI},
address = {Basel},
issn = {1660-4601},
doi = {10.3390/ijerph16203992},
pages = {13},
year = {2019},
abstract = {Online hate is a topic that has received considerable interest lately, as online hate represents a risk to self-determination and peaceful coexistence in societies around the globe. However, not much is known about the explanations for adolescents posting or forwarding hateful online material or how adolescents cope with this newly emerging online risk. Thus, we sought to better understand the relationship between a bystander to and perpetrator of online hate, and the moderating effects of problem-focused coping strategies (e.g., assertive, technical coping) within this relationship. Self-report questionnaires on witnessing and committing online hate and assertive and technical coping were completed by 6829 adolescents between 12 and 18 years of age from eight countries. The results showed that increases in witnessing online hate were positively related to being a perpetrator of online hate. Assertive and technical coping strategies were negatively related with perpetrating online hate. Bystanders of online hate reported fewer instances of perpetrating online hate when they reported higher levels of assertive and technical coping strategies, and more frequent instances of perpetrating online hate when they reported lower levels of assertive and technical coping strategies. In conclusion, our findings suggest that, if effective, prevention and intervention programs that target online hate should consider educating young people about problem-focused coping strategies, self-assertiveness, and media skills. Implications for future research are discussed.},
language = {en}
}
@article{GranacherNobariRuivoAlvesetal.2020,
author = {Granacher, Urs and Nobari, Hadi and Ruivo Alves, Ana and Clemente, Filipe Manuel and P{\´e}rez-G{\´o}mez, Jorge and Clark, Cain Craig Truman and Zouhal, Hassane},
title = {Associations Between Variations in Accumulated Workload and Physiological Variables in Young Male Soccer Players Over the Course of a Season},
series = {Frontiers in physiology},
volume = {12},
journal = {Frontiers in physiology},
publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
address = {Lausanne, Schweiz},
issn = {1664-042X},
doi = {10.3389/fphys.2021.638180},
pages = {1 -- 12},
year = {2020},
abstract = {This study sought to analyze the relationship between in-season training workload with changes in aerobic power (VO2max), maximum and resting heart rate (HRmax and HRrest), linear sprint medium (LSM), and short test (LSS), in soccer players younger than 16 years (under-16 soccer players). We additionally aimed to explain changes in fitness levels during the in-season through regression models, considering accumulated load, baseline levels, and peak height velocity (PHV) as predictors. Twenty-three male sub-elite soccer players aged 15.5 ± 0.2 years (PHV: 13.6 ± 0.4 years; body height: 172.7 ± 4.2 cm; body mass: 61.3 ± 5.6 kg; body fat: 13.7\% ± 3.9\%; VO2max: 48.4 ± 2.6 mL⋅kg-1⋅min-1), were tested three times across the season (i.e., early-season (EaS), mid-season (MiS), and end-season (EnS) for VO2max, HRmax, LSM, and LSS. Aerobic and speed variables gradually improved over the season and had a strong association with PHV. Moreover, the HRmax demonstrated improvements from EaS to EnS; however, this was more evident in the intermediate period (from EaS to MiS) and had a strong association with VO2max. Regression analysis showed significant predictions for VO2max [F(2, 20) = 8.18, p ≤ 0.001] with an R2 of 0.45. In conclusion, the meaningful variation of youth players' fitness levels can be observed across the season, and such changes can be partially explained by the load imposed.},
language = {en}
}
@article{WickKriemlerGranacher2022,
author = {Wick, Kristin and Kriemler, Susi and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Associations between measures of physical fitness and cognitive performance in preschool children},
series = {BMC sports science, medicine \& rehabilitation},
volume = {14},
journal = {BMC sports science, medicine \& rehabilitation},
number = {1},
publisher = {BMC},
address = {London},
issn = {2052-1847},
doi = {10.1186/s13102-022-00470-w},
pages = {8},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Background: Given that recent studies report negative secular declines in physical fitness, associations between fitness and cognition in childhood are strongly discussed. The preschool age is characterized by high neuroplasticity which effects motor skill learning, physical fitness, and cognitive development. The aim of this study was to assess the relation of physical fitness and attention (including its individual dimensions (quantitative, qualitative)) as one domain of cognitive performance in preschool children. We hypothesized that fitness components which need precise coordination compared to simple fitness components are stronger related to attention. Methods: Physical fitness components like static balance (i.e., single-leg stance), muscle strength (i.e., handgrip strength), muscle power (i.e., standing long jump), and coordination (i.e., hopping on one leg) were assessed in 61 healthy children (mean age 4.5 +/- 0.6 years; girls n = 30). Attention was measured with the "Konzentrations-Handlungsverfahren fur Vorschulkinder" [concentration-action procedure for preschoolers]). Analyses were adjusted for age, body height, and body mass. Results: Results from single linear regression analysis revealed a significant (p < 0.05) association between physical fitness (composite score) and attention (composite score) (standardized ss = 0.40), showing a small to medium effect (F-2 = 0.14). Further, coordination had a significant relation with the composite score and the quantitative dimension of attention (standardized ss = 0.35; p < 0.01; standardized ss = - 0.33; p < 0.05). Coordination explained about 11\% (composite score) and 9\% (quantitative dimension) of the variance in the stepwise multiple regression model. Conclusion: The results indicate that performance in physical fitness, particularly coordination, is related to attention in preschool children. Thus, high performance in complex fitness components (i.e., hopping on one leg) tends to predict attention in preschool children. Further longitudinal studies should focus on the effectiveness of physical activity programs implementing coordination and complex exercises at preschool age to examine cause-effect relationships between physical fitness and attention precisely.},
language = {en}
}
@article{WachsMachimbarrenaWrightetal.2022,
author = {Wachs, Sebastian and Machimbarrena, Juan Manuel and Wright, Michelle F. and G{\´a}mez-Guadix, Manuel and Yang, Soeun and Sittichai, Ruthaychonnee and Singh, Ritu and Biswal, Ramakrishna and Flora, Katerina and Daskalou, Vassiliki and Maziridou, Evdoxia and Sung Hong, Jun and Krause, Norman},
title = {Associations between coping strategies and cyberhate involvement},
series = {International journal of environmental research and public health},
volume = {19},
journal = {International journal of environmental research and public health},
edition = {11},
publisher = {MDPI},
address = {Basel, Schweiz},
issn = {1660-4601},
doi = {10.3390/ijerph19116749},
pages = {1 -- 14},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Cyberhate represents a risk to adolescents' development and peaceful coexistence in democratic societies. Yet, not much is known about the relationship between adolescents' ability to cope with cyberhate and their cyberhate involvement. To fill current gaps in the literature and inform the development of media education programs, the present study investigated various coping strategies in a hypothetical cyberhate scenario as correlates for being cyberhate victims, perpetrators, and both victim-perpetrators. The sample consisted of 6829 adolescents aged 12-18 years old (Mage = 14.93, SD = 1.64; girls: 50.4\%, boys: 48.9\%, and 0.7\% did not indicate their gender) from Asia, Europe, and North America. Results showed that adolescents who endorsed distal advice or endorsed technical coping showed a lower likelihood to be victims, perpetrators, or victim-perpetrators. In contrast, if adolescents felt helpless or endorsed retaliation to cope with cyberhate, they showed higher odds of being involved in cyberhate as victims, perpetrators, or victim-perpetrators. Finally, adolescents who endorsed close support as a coping strategy showed a lower likelihood to be victim-perpetrators, and adolescents who endorsed assertive coping showed higher odds of being victims. In conclusion, the results confirm the importance of addressing adolescents' ability to deal with cyberhate to develop more tailored prevention approaches. More specifically, such initiatives should focus on adolescents who feel helpless or feel inclined to retaliate. In addition, adolescents should be educated to practice distal advice and technical coping when experiencing cyberhate. Implications for the design and instruction of evidence-based cyberhate prevention (e.g., online educational games, virtual learning environments) will be discussed.},
language = {en}
}
@article{KwanbunjanPanprathipPhosatetal.2018,
author = {Kwanbunjan, Karunee and Panprathip, Pornpimol and Phosat, Chanchira and Chumpathat, Noppanath and Wechjakwen, Naruemon and Puduang, Somchai and Auyyuenyong, Ratchada and Henkel, Ina and Schweigert, Florian J.},
title = {Association of retinol binding protein 4 and transthyretin with triglyceride levels and insulin resistance in rural thais with high type 2 diabetes risk},
series = {BMC Endocrine Disorders},
volume = {18},
journal = {BMC Endocrine Disorders},
publisher = {BMC},
address = {London},
issn = {1472-6823},
doi = {10.1186/s12902-018-0254-2},
pages = {7},
year = {2018},
abstract = {Background: Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), a protein secreted by adipocytes and bound in plasma to transthyretin (TTR), has been associated with obesity, the early phase of insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to elucidate the relationship between RBP4, TTR, triglyceride (TG) and type 2 diabetes risk in rural Thailand. Results: RBP4 and TTR levels, as well as homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values, were significantly elevated among subjects with high triglyceride levels (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, p < 0.05, respectively). Triglyceride levels correlated with RBP4 (r = 0.34, p < 0.001) and TTR (r= 0.26, p < 0.01) levels, as well as HOMA-IR values (r= 0.16, p < 0.05). After adjustment for age and gender, the risk of hypertriglyceridemia was 3.7 times greater (95\% Cl =1.42 -9.73, p = 0.008) in the highest RBP4 tertile as compared to the lowest tertile. Similarly, the highest TTR and HOMA-IR tertiles had greater risk of hypertriglyceridemia at 3.5 (95\% Cl = 1.30-9.20, p = 0.01) and 3.6 (95\% CI = 1.33- 9.58, p = 0.01) times higher than the respective lowest tertiles. The correlation between TTR and blood glucose was statistically significant (r 0.18, p < 0.05), but not found this relationship in RBP4. Conclusions: The associations of RBP4 and TTR with hypertriglyceridemia and insulin resistance may have important implications for the risk of heart disease and stroke.},
language = {en}
}
@article{OseiBlockWippert2022,
author = {Osei, Francis and Block, Andrea and Wippert, Pia-Maria},
title = {Association of primary allostatic load mediators and metabolic syndrome (MetS): A systematic review},
series = {Frontiers in Endocrinology},
volume = {13},
journal = {Frontiers in Endocrinology},
publisher = {Frontiers},
address = {Lausanne, Schweiz},
issn = {1664-2392},
doi = {10.3389/fendo.2022.946740},
pages = {16},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Allostatic load (AL) exposure may cause detrimental effects on the neuroendocrine system, leading to metabolic syndrome (MetS). The primary mediators of AL involve serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS; a functional HPA axis antagonist); further, cortisol, urinary norepinephrine (NE), and epinephrine (EPI) excretion levels (assessed within 12-h urine as a golden standard for the evaluation of the HPA axis activity and sympathetic nervous system activity). However, the evidence of an association between the primary mediators of AL and MetS is limited. This systematic review aimed to critically examine the association between the primary mediators of AL and MetS. PubMed and Web of Science were searched for articles from January 2010 to December 2021, published in English. The search strategy focused on cross-sectional and case-control studies comprising adult participants with MetS, obesity, overweight, and without chronic diseases. The STROBE checklist was used to assess study quality control. Of 770 studies, twenty-one studies with a total sample size (n = 10,666) met the eligibility criteria. Eighteen studies were cross-sectional, and three were case-control studies. The included studies had a completeness of reporting score of COR \% = 87.0 ± 6.4\%. It is to be noted, that cortisol as a primary mediator of AL showed an association with MetS in 50\% (urinary cortisol), 40\% (serum cortisol), 60\% (salivary cortisol), and 100\% (hair cortisol) of the studies. For DHEAS, it is to conclude that 60\% of the studies showed an association with MetS. In contrast, urinary EPI and urinary NE had 100\% no association with MetS. In summary, there is a tendency for the association between higher serum cortisol, salivary cortisol, urinary cortisol, hair cortisol, and lower levels of DHEAS with MetS. Future studies focusing on longitudinal data are warranted for clarification and understanding of the association between the primary mediators of AL and MetS.},
language = {en}
}
@article{EichelmannSchulzeWittenbecheretal.2019,
author = {Eichelmann, Fabian and Schulze, Matthias Bernd and Wittenbecher, Clemens and Menzel, Juliane and Weikert, Cornelia and di Giuseppe, Romina and Biemann, Ronald and Isermann, Berend and Fritsche, Andreas and Boeing, Heiner and Aleksandrova, Krasimira},
title = {Association of Chemerin Plasma Concentration With Risk of Colorectal Cancer},
series = {JAMA network open},
volume = {2},
journal = {JAMA network open},
number = {3},
publisher = {American Veterinary Medical Association},
address = {Chicago},
issn = {2574-3805},
doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.0896},
pages = {14},
year = {2019},
abstract = {IMPORTANCE Inflammatory processes have been suggested to have an important role in colorectal cancer (CRC) etiology. Chemerin is a recently discovered inflammatory biomarker thought to exert chemotactic, adipogenic, and angiogenic functions. However, its potential link with CRC has not been sufficiently explored. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prospective association of circulating plasma chemerin concentrations with incident CRC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Prospective case-cohort study based on 27 548 initially healthy participants from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam cohort who were followed for up to 16 years. Baseline study information and samples were collected between August 23, 1994, and September 25, 1998. Recruitment was according to random registry sampling from the geographical area of Potsdam, Germany, and surrounding municipalities. The last date of study follow-up was May 10, 2010. Statistical analysis was conducted in 2018. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Incident CRC, colon cancer, and rectal cancer. Baseline chemerin plasma concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study found that the association between chemerin concentration and the risk of incident CRC was linear and independent of established CRC risk factors. Further studies are warranted to evaluate chemerin as a novel immune-inflammatory agent in colorectal carcinogenesis.},
language = {en}
}
@article{AraziAsadiKhalkhalietal.2020,
author = {Arazi, Hamid and Asadi, Abbas and Khalkhali, Farhood and Boullosa, Daniel and Hackney, Anthony C. and Granacher, Urs and Zouhal, Hassane},
title = {Association Between the Acute to Chronic Workload Ratio and Injury Occurrence in Young Male Team Soccer Players},
series = {Frontiers in Physiology},
volume = {11},
journal = {Frontiers in Physiology},
publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
address = {Lausanne},
issn = {1664-042X},
doi = {10.3389/fphys.2020.00995},
pages = {7},
year = {2020},
abstract = {This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the acute to chronic workload ratio (ACWR), based upon participant session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), using two models [(1) rolling averages (ACWRRA); and (2) exponentially weighted moving averages (ACWREWMA)] and the injury rate in young male team soccer players aged 17.1 ± 0.7 years during a competitive mesocycle. Twenty-two players were enrolled in this study and performed four training sessions per week with 2 days of recovery and 1 match day per week. During each training session and each weekly match, training time and sRPE were recorded. In addition, training impulse (TRIMP), monotony, and strain were subsequently calculated. The rate of injury was recorded for each soccer player over a period of 4 weeks (i.e., 28 days) using a daily questionnaire. The results showed that over the course of the study, the number of non-contact injuries was significantly higher than that for contact injuries (2.5 vs. 0.5, p = 0.01). There were also significant positive correlations between sRPE and training time (r = 0.411, p = 0.039), ACWRRA (r = 0.47, p = 0.049), and ACWREWMA (r = 0.51, p = 0.038). In addition, small-to-medium correlations were detected between ACWR and non-contact injury occurrence (ACWRRA, r = 0.31, p = 0.05; ACWREWMA, r = 0.53, p = 0.03). Explained variance (r 2) for non-contact injury was significantly greater using the ACWREWMA model (ranging between 21 and 52\%) compared with ACWRRA (ranging between 17 and 39\%). In conclusion, the results of this study showed that the ACWREWMA model is more sensitive than ACWRRA to identify non-contact injury occurrence in male team soccer players during a short period in the competitive season.},
language = {en}
}
@article{SariatiZouhalHammamietal.2021,
author = {Sariati, Dorsaf and Zouhal, Hassane and Hammami, Raouf and Clark, Cain Craig Truman and Nebigh, Ammar and Chtara, Moktar and Hackney, Anthony C. and Souissi, Nizar and Granacher, Urs and Ben Ounis, Omar},
title = {Association Between Mental Imagery and Change of Direction Performance in Young Elite Soccer Players of Different Maturity Status},
series = {Frontiers in Psychology},
volume = {12},
journal = {Frontiers in Psychology},
publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
address = {Lausanne, Schweiz},
issn = {1664-1078},
doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2021.665508},
pages = {1 -- 9},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Previous studies have not considered the potential influence of maturity status on the relationship between mental imagery and change of direction (CoD) speed in youth soccer. Accordingly, this cross-sectional study examined the association between mental imagery and CoD performance in young elite soccer players of different maturity status. Forty young male soccer players, aged 10-17 years, were assigned into two groups according to their predicted age at peak height velocity (PHV) (Pre-PHV; n = 20 and Post-PHV; n = 20). Participants were evaluated on soccer-specific tests of CoD with (CoDBall-15m) and without (CoD-15m) the ball. Participants completed the movement imagery questionnaire (MIQ) with the three- dimensional structure, internal visual imagery (IVI), external visual imagery (EVI), as well as kinesthetic imagery (KI). The Post-PHV players achieved significantly better results than Pre-PHV in EVI (ES = 1.58, large; p < 0.001), CoD-15m (ES = 2.09, very large; p < 0.001) and CoDBall-15m (ES = 1.60, large; p < 0.001). Correlations were significantly different between maturity groups, where, for the pre-PHV group, a negative very large correlation was observed between CoDBall-15m and KI (r = -0.73, p = 0.001). For the post-PHV group, large negative correlations were observed between CoD-15m and IVI (r = -0.55, p = 0.011), EVI (r = -062, p = 0.003), and KI (r = -0.52, p = 0.020). A large negative correlation of CoDBall-15m with EVI (r = -0.55, p = 0.012) and very large correlation with KI (r = -0.79, p = 0.001) were also observed. This study provides evidence of the theoretical and practical use for the CoD tasks stimulus with imagery. We recommend that sport psychology specialists, coaches, and athletes integrated imagery for CoD tasks in pre-pubertal soccer players to further improve CoD related performance.},
language = {en}
}
@article{DechBittmannSchaefer2021,
author = {Dech, Silas and Bittmann, Frank and Schaefer, Laura},
title = {Assessment of the adaptive force of Elbow extensors in healthy subjects quantified by a novel pneumatically driven measurement system with considerations of its quality criteria},
series = {Diagnostics : open access journal},
volume = {11},
journal = {Diagnostics : open access journal},
number = {6},
publisher = {MDPI},
address = {Basel},
issn = {2075-4418},
doi = {10.3390/diagnostics11060923},
pages = {23},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Adaptive Force (AF) reflects the capability of the neuromuscular system to adapt adequately to external forces with the intention of maintaining a position or motion. One specific approach to assessing AF is to measure force and limb position during a pneumatically applied increasing external force. Through this method, the highest (AFmax), the maximal isometric (AFisomax) and the maximal eccentric Adaptive Force (AFeccmax) can be determined. The main question of the study was whether the AFisomax is a specific and independent parameter of muscle function compared to other maximal forces. In 13 healthy subjects (9 male and 4 female), the maximal voluntary isometric contraction (pre- and post-MVIC), the three AF parameters and the MVIC with a prior concentric contraction (MVICpri-con) of the elbow extensors were measured 4 times on two days. Arithmetic mean (M) and maximal (Max) torques of all force types were analyzed. Regarding the reliability of the AF parameters between days, the mean changes were 0.31-1.98 Nm (0.61\%-5.47\%, p = 0.175-0.552), the standard errors of measurements (SEM) were 1.29-5.68 Nm (2.53\%-15.70\%) and the ICCs(3,1) = 0.896-0.996. M and Max of AFisomax, AFmax and pre-MVIC correlated highly (r = 0.85-0.98). The M and Max of AFisomax were significantly lower (6.12-14.93 Nm; p ≤ 0.001-0.009) and more variable between trials (coefficient of variation (CVs) ≥ 21.95\%) compared to those of pre-MVIC and AFmax (CVs ≤ 5.4\%). The results suggest the novel measuring procedure is suitable to reliably quantify the AF, whereby the presented measurement errors should be taken into consideration. The AFisomax seems to reflect its own strength capacity and should be detected separately. It is suggested its normalization to the MVIC or AFmax could serve as an indicator of a neuromuscular function.},
language = {en}
}
@article{KoenigBlockBeckeretal.2018,
author = {K{\"o}nig, Johanna and Block, Andrea and Becker, Mathias and Fenske, Kristin and Hertel, Johannes and Van der Auwera, Sandra and Zymara, Kathleen and Voelzke, Henry and Freyberger, Harald J{\"u}rgen and Grabe, Hans Joergen},
title = {Assessment of subjective emotional valence and long-lasting impact of life events},
series = {BMC Psychiatry},
volume = {18},
journal = {BMC Psychiatry},
publisher = {BioMed Central},
address = {London},
issn = {1471-244X},
doi = {10.1186/s12888-018-1649-3},
pages = {12},
year = {2018},
abstract = {Background: Life events (LEs) are associated with future physical and mental health. They are crucial for understanding the pathways to mental disorders as well as the interactions with biological parameters. However, deeper insight is needed into the complex interplay between the type of LE, its subjective evaluation and accompanying factors such as social support. The "Stralsund Life Event List" (SEL) was developed to facilitate this research. Methods: The SEL is a standardized interview that assesses the time of occurrence and frequency of 81 LEs, their subjective emotional valence, the perceived social support during the LE experience and the impact of past LEs on present life. Data from 2265 subjects from the general population-based cohort study "Study of Health in Pomerania" (SHIP) were analysed. Based on the mean emotional valence ratings of the whole sample, LEs were categorized as "positive" or "negative". For verification, the SEL was related to lifetime major depressive disorder (MDD; Munich Composite International Diagnostic Interview), childhood trauma (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire), resilience (Resilience Scale) and subjective health (SF-12 Health Survey). Conclusions: The SEL is a valid instrument that enables the analysis of the number and frequency of LEs, their emotional valence, perceived social support and current impact on life on a global score and on an individual item level. Thus, we can recommend its use in research settings that require the assessment and analysis of the relationship between the occurrence and subjective evaluation of LEs as well as the complex balance between distressing and stabilizing life experiences.},
language = {en}
}
@article{HahnWeckWitthoeftetal.2021,
author = {Hahn, Daniela and Weck, Florian and Witth{\"o}ft, Michael and K{\"u}hne, Franziska},
title = {Assessment of counseling self-efficacy},
series = {Frontiers in psychology / Frontiers Research Foundation},
volume = {12},
journal = {Frontiers in psychology / Frontiers Research Foundation},
publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
address = {Lausanne},
issn = {1664-1078},
doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2021.780088},
pages = {10},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Background: Many authors regard counseling self-efficacy (CSE) as important in therapist development and training. The purpose of this study was to examine the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the German version of the Counselor Activity Self-Efficacy Scales-Revised (CASES-R). Method: The sample consisted of 670 German psychotherapy trainees, who completed an online survey. We examined the factor structure by applying exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to the instrument as a whole. Results: A bifactor-exploratory structural equation modeling model with one general and five specific factors provided the best fit to the data. Omega hierarchical coefficients indicated optimal reliability for the general factor, acceptable reliability for the Action Skills-Revised (AS-R) factor, and insufficient estimates for the remaining factors. The CASES-R scales yielded significant correlations with related measures, but also with therapeutic orientations. Conclusion: We found support for the reliability and validity of the German CASES-R. However, the subdomains (except AS-R) should be interpreted with caution, and we do not recommend the CASES-R for comparisons between psychotherapeutic orientations.},
language = {en}
}