@misc{Aschauer2005,
  author    = {Aschauer, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Hard, Gerhard, Landschaft und Raum : Aufs{\"a}tze zur Theorie der Geographie / [rezensiert von] Wolfgang Aschauer},
  series = {Geographische Revue : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Literatur und Diskussion},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Geographische Revue : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Literatur und Diskussion},
  number    = {1/2},
  issn      = {1438-3039},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-31131},
  pages     = {115 -- 116},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Rezensiertes Werk: Hard, Gerhard: Landschaft und Raum. - Osnabr{\"u}ck : Univ.-Verl. Rasch, 2002. - 328 S. : graph. Darst. - (Osnabr{\"u}cker Studien zur Geographie ; 22) ISBN 3-935326-37-8 GT: Aufs{\"a}tze zur Theorie der Geographie / Gerhard Hard ; Bd. 1},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schuette2011,
  author    = {Sch{\"u}tte, Moritz},
  title     = {Evolutionary fingerprints in genome-scale networks},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57483},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {Mathematical modeling of biological phenomena has experienced increasing interest since new high-throughput technologies give access to growing amounts of molecular data. These modeling approaches are especially able to test hypotheses which are not yet experimentally accessible or guide an experimental setup. One particular attempt investigates the evolutionary dynamics responsible for today's composition of organisms. Computer simulations either propose an evolutionary mechanism and thus reproduce a recent finding or rebuild an evolutionary process in order to learn about its mechanism. The quest for evolutionary fingerprints in metabolic and gene-coexpression networks is the central topic of this cumulative thesis based on four published articles. An understanding of the actual origin of life will probably remain an insoluble problem. However, one can argue that after a first simple metabolism has evolved, the further evolution of metabolism occurred in parallel with the evolution of the sequences of the catalyzing enzymes. Indications of such a coevolution can be found when correlating the change in sequence between two enzymes with their distance on the metabolic network which is obtained from the KEGG database. We observe that there exists a small but significant correlation primarily on nearest neighbors. This indicates that enzymes catalyzing subsequent reactions tend to be descended from the same precursor. Since this correlation is relatively small one can at least assume that, if new enzymes are no "genetic children" of the previous enzymes, they certainly be descended from any of the already existing ones. Following this hypothesis, we introduce a model of enzyme-pathway coevolution. By iteratively adding enzymes, this model explores the metabolic network in a manner similar to diffusion. With implementation of an Gillespie-like algorithm we are able to introduce a tunable parameter that controls the weight of sequence similarity when choosing a new enzyme. Furthermore, this method also defines a time difference between successive evolutionary innovations in terms of a new enzyme. Overall, these simulations generate putative time-courses of the evolutionary walk on the metabolic network. By a time-series analysis, we find that the acquisition of new enzymes appears in bursts which are pronounced when the influence of the sequence similarity is higher. This behavior strongly resembles punctuated equilibrium which denotes the observation that new species tend to appear in bursts as well rather than in a gradual manner. Thus, our model helps to establish a better understanding of punctuated equilibrium giving a potential description at molecular level. From the time-courses we also extract a tentative order of new enzymes, metabolites, and even organisms. The consistence of this order with previous findings provides evidence for the validity of our approach. While the sequence of a gene is actually subject to mutations, its expression profile might also indirectly change through the evolutionary events in the cellular interplay. Gene coexpression data is simply accessible by microarray experiments and commonly illustrated using coexpression networks where genes are nodes and get linked once they show a significant coexpression. Since the large number of genes makes an illustration of the entire coexpression network difficult, clustering helps to show the network on a metalevel. Various clustering techniques already exist. However, we introduce a novel one which maintains control of the cluster sizes and thus assures proper visual inspection. An application of the method on Arabidopsis thaliana reveals that genes causing a severe phenotype often show a functional uniqueness in their network vicinity. This leads to 20 genes of so far unknown phenotype which are however suggested to be essential for plant growth. Of these, six indeed provoke such a severe phenotype, shown by mutant analysis. By an inspection of the degree distribution of the A.thaliana coexpression network, we identified two characteristics. The distribution deviates from the frequently observed power-law by a sharp truncation which follows after an over-representation of highly connected nodes. For a better understanding, we developed an evolutionary model which mimics the growth of a coexpression network by gene duplication which underlies a strong selection criterion, and slight mutational changes in the expression profile. Despite the simplicity of our assumption, we can reproduce the observed properties in A.thaliana as well as in E.coli and S.cerevisiae. The over-representation of high-degree nodes could be identified with mutually well connected genes of similar functional families: zinc fingers (PF00096), flagella, and ribosomes respectively. In conclusion, these four manuscripts demonstrate the usefulness of mathematical models and statistical tools as a source of new biological insight. While the clustering approach of gene coexpression data leads to the phenotypic characterization of so far unknown genes and thus supports genome annotation, our model approaches offer explanations for observed properties of the coexpression network and furthermore substantiate punctuated equilibrium as an evolutionary process by a deeper understanding of an underlying molecular mechanism.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{AllefeldFrischSchlesewsky2005,
  author    = {Allefeld, Carsten and Frisch, Stefan and Schlesewsky, Matthias},
  title     = {Detection of early cognitive processing by event-related phase synchronization analysis},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-20126},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {In order to investigate the temporal characteristics of cognitive processing, we apply multivariate phase synchronization analysis to event-related potentials. The experimental design combines a semantic incongruity in a sentence context with a physical mismatch (color change). In the ERP average, these result in an N400 component and a P300-like positivity, respectively. The synchronization analysis shows an effect of global desynchronization in the theta band around 288ms after stimulus presentation for the semantic incongruity, while the physical mismatch elicits an increase of global synchronization in the alpha band around 204ms. Both of these effects clearly precede those in the ERP average. Moreover, the delay between synchronization effect and ERP component correlates with the complexity of the cognitive processes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{KoechyMathajJeltschetal.2008,
  author    = {K{\"o}chy, Martin and Mathaj, Martin and Jeltsch, Florian and Malkinson, Dan},
  title     = {Resilience of stocking capacity to changing climate in arid to Mediterranean landscapes},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18720},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Small livestock is an important resource for rural human populations in dry climates. How strongly will climate change affect the capacity of the rangeland? We used hierarchical modelling to scale quantitatively the growth of shrubs and annual plants, the main food of sheep and goats, to the landscape extent in the eastern Mediterranean region. Without grazing, productivity increased in a sigmoid way with mean annual precipitation. Grazing reduced productivity more strongly the drier the landscape. At a point just under the stocking capacity of the vegetation, productivity declined precipitously with more intense grazing due to a lack of seed production of annuals. We repeated simulations with precipitation patterns projected by two contrasting IPCC scenarios. Compared to results based on historic patterns, productivity and stocking capacity did not differ in most cases. Thus, grazing intensity remains the stronger impact on landscape productivity in this dry region even in the future.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Heisig2008,
  author    = {Heisig, Johannes},
  title     = {Die Putin-Medwedjew-Rochade},
  series = {WeltTrends : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r internationale Politik},
  volume    = {60},
  journal   = {WeltTrends : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r internationale Politik},
  issn      = {0944-8101},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-21772},
  pages     = {41 -- 52},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Die Globalisierung Russlands wird durch Rohstoffexporte und hohe Investitionen des Westens in den russischen Energiesektor vorangetrieben. Gleichzeitig festigt sich ein hybrides politisches System mit sowohl autorit{\"a}ren als auch demokratischen Elementen. Soll Russland ein zuverl{\"a}sslicher Partner des Westens bleiben, m{\"u}ssen die russischen Interessen sowie die neue außenpolitische St{\"a}rke ber{\"u}cksichtigt werden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{HofmannWessels2008,
  author    = {Hofmann, Andreas and Wessels, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Kein Konsens {\"u}ber Koh{\"a}renz? : ausw{\"a}rtiges Handeln der EU nach Lissabon},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-21756},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Mit dem Vertrag von Lissabon verbinden sich hohe Erwartungen hinsichtlich der Effektivit{\"a}t zuk{\"u}nftiger Regelungen zum ausw{\"a}rtigen Handeln der Union. In der Gestaltung dieser Bestimmungen unterliegen die Mitgliedstaaten konstitutionellen Dilemmata, die eine L{\"o}sung erschweren. Obwohl im Detail durchaus Verbesserungen erkennbar sind, werden insgesamt zunehmende Konflikte und mangelnde Koh{\"a}renz erwartet.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{OPUS4-1988,
  title     = {Wandel, Wechsel und Widerspr{\"u}che : Russland heute; ein Gespr{\"a}ch mit Petra Stykow},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-21781},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Im Gespr{\"a}ch werden folgende Themen behandelt: WT: Welche politische Bilanz der Pr{\"a}sidentschaft Putins w{\"u}rden Sie ziehen? WT: Wie haben sich die soziale und wirtschafliche Lage sowie das geistige Klima in Russland w{\"a}hrend dieser Zeit ver{\"a}ndert? WT: Wie beurteilen Sie die Pers{\"o}nlichkeit und das politische Konzept des neuen Pr{\"a}sidenten Dimitri Medwedjew? WT: Wie sch{\"a}tzen Sie die sich ank{\"u}ndigende „Tandem"-Variante der Machtaus{\"u}bung im k{\"u}nftigen Russland ein? Wird es einen starken Ministerpr{\"a}sidenten Putin und einen zu diesem loyalen, sich gewissermaßen selbstbeschr{\"a}nkenden Pr{\"a}sidenten Medwedjew geben? Oder widerspricht das dem Charakter des Institutionensystems in Russland?},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Leiteritz2008,
  author    = {Leiteritz, Ralf Juan},
  title     = {Das Ende des B{\"u}rgerkrieges? : Kolumbien unter Pr{\"a}sident Uribe},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-23317},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Kleger2008,
  author    = {Kleger, Heinz},
  title     = {Regieren ohne Demokratie : {\"U}berlegungen nach Lissabon},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-21764},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Kleinwaechter2008,
  author    = {Kleinw{\"a}chter, Kai},
  title     = {Geografie der Ungleichheit},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-23303},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Behandelte Themen in tabellarischer Form: Regionen in Rußland Stabilit{\"a}t der Verh{\"a}ltnisse Einkommen der Distrikte 2000 bis 2004 Geographische Verteilung der Bev{\"o}lkerung (2008)},
  language  = {de}
}