@book{OPUS4-57925, title = {Moses Mendelssohn: Gesammelte Schriften Jubil{\"a}umsausgabe}, volume = {21}, number = {1-2}, editor = {Krochmalnik, Daniel and Brocke, Michael}, publisher = {Frommann-Holzboog}, address = {Stuttgart, Bad Cannstatt}, isbn = {978-3-7728-3633-6}, doi = {10.5771/9783772836336}, pages = {560}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Mit den ›Nachtr{\"a}gen‹ liegt nun der letzte Schriftenband der Jubil{\"a}umsausgabe vor. Er erg{\"a}nzt die ›Jubil{\"a}umsausgabe‹ um Texte und Briefe, die entweder erst nach Erscheinen des jeweiligen Bandes entdeckt wurden oder bei Fortsetzung der Ausgabe nach dem Krieg als verschollen galten. Bei den philosophischen Fragmenten handelt es sich u.a. um bisher unbekannte Entw{\"u}rfe f{\"u}r die ›Morgenstunden‹ und ›An die Freunde Lessings‹. Zu den Judaica z{\"a}hlen Mendelssohns {\"U}bertragungen hebr{\"a}ischer Gedichte des 18. Jahrhunderts, seine {\"U}bersetzung der Grundartikel des Judentums und seine Anmerkungen zu Michaelis' Rezension von Dohms ›Ueber die b{\"u}rgerliche Verbesserung der Juden‹. Zu Mendelssohns Briefpartnern z{\"a}hlen u.a. Abbt, Iselin, Lessing, Friedrich II., Engel, Lavater, Michaelis, Penzel, Nicolai, Dohm, Kuh, Lowth, Carmer und Ramler.}, language = {de} } @article{Krochmalnik2022, author = {Krochmalnik, Daniel}, title = {You be a Mensch}, series = {The Turn : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r islamische Philosophie, Theologie und Mystik}, journal = {The Turn : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r islamische Philosophie, Theologie und Mystik}, number = {4}, publisher = {Al Mustafa Institut}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2569-2054}, doi = {10.53100/2689450893}, pages = {40 -- 60}, year = {2022}, language = {de} } @incollection{Krochmalnik2022, author = {Krochmalnik, Daniel}, title = {Gen 32,23-32}, series = {Predigtmeditationen im christlich-j{\"u}dischen Kontext - zur Perikopenreihe V : plus j{\"u}dische Theologinnen und Theologen legen die Bibel aus : die neuen alttestamentlichen Texte der Reihe 5}, booktitle = {Predigtmeditationen im christlich-j{\"u}dischen Kontext - zur Perikopenreihe V : plus j{\"u}dische Theologinnen und Theologen legen die Bibel aus : die neuen alttestamentlichen Texte der Reihe 5}, publisher = {Kadmos}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-9816903-8-5}, pages = {XVIII -- XXII}, year = {2022}, language = {de} } @article{Krochmalnik2022, author = {Krochmalnik, Daniel}, title = {Heilighalten, was der Heilige heiligspricht}, series = {Schweizerische Kirchenzeitung}, volume = {18}, journal = {Schweizerische Kirchenzeitung}, publisher = {Brunner Medien AG}, address = {Kriens}, issn = {1420-5041}, pages = {423 -- 425}, year = {2022}, language = {de} } @article{KrochmalnikStosch2022, author = {Krochmalnik, Daniel and Stosch, Klaus von}, title = {Die Heilige Schrift als Wort Gottes}, series = {Normativit{\"a}t Heiliger Schriften in Judentum, Christentum und Islam}, journal = {Normativit{\"a}t Heiliger Schriften in Judentum, Christentum und Islam}, editor = {Stosch, Klaus von and Tietz, Christiane}, publisher = {Mohr Siebeck}, address = {T{\"u}bingen}, isbn = {978-3-16-160161-3}, pages = {53 -- 63}, year = {2022}, language = {de} } @article{Krochmalnik2022, author = {Krochmalnik, Daniel}, title = {{\"U}ber alle Erwartungen}, series = {Dein Wort, mein Weg : allt{\"a}gliche Begegnung mit der Bibel}, volume = {15}, journal = {Dein Wort, mein Weg : allt{\"a}gliche Begegnung mit der Bibel}, number = {4}, publisher = {Werk der Frohbotschaft Batschuns}, address = {Dornbirn}, pages = {4 -- 6}, year = {2022}, language = {de} } @article{ApelojgBieniok2017, author = {Apelojg, Benjamin and Bieniok, Majken}, title = {Eine Kurzvorstellung der Felix-App und deren Einsatz im PSI-Projekt der Qualit{\"a}tsoffensive Lehrerbildung}, series = {Technik und Technologie : Techne cum episteme et commune bonum. Ehrenkolloquium anl{\"a}sslich des 70. Geburtstages von Gerhard Banse}, volume = {131}, journal = {Technik und Technologie : Techne cum episteme et commune bonum. Ehrenkolloquium anl{\"a}sslich des 70. Geburtstages von Gerhard Banse}, editor = {Fleischer, Lutz and Meier, Bernd}, publisher = {Trafo-Verlag}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-86464-154-1}, pages = {223 -- 234}, year = {2017}, language = {de} } @incollection{Krah2022, author = {Krah, Markus}, title = {Ein transnationaler j{\"u}discher Kanon als Verlagsprogramm}, series = {Juden und ihre Nachbarn : die Wissenschaft des Judentums im Kontext von Diaspora und Migration}, booktitle = {Juden und ihre Nachbarn : die Wissenschaft des Judentums im Kontext von Diaspora und Migration}, publisher = {de Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-11-077070-4}, doi = {10.1515/9783110772388-011}, pages = {193 -- 212}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Der Verleger, Kaufhausunternehmer und M{\"a}zen Salman Schocken (1877- 1959)neigte nicht zu {\"u}bertriebener Bescheidenheit. Als er 1945 in New York seinen amerikanischen Verlag ins Leben rief, k{\"u}ndigte er ihn mit folgenden Worten an: Schocken ignorierte damit die Arbeit der zahlreichen bestehenden amerikanisch-j{\"u}dischen Verlagsh{\"a}user, da diese seiner Meinung nach nicht die Aufgabe erf{\"u}llten, die ihm vorschwebte: die R{\"u}ckf{\"u}hrung traditionsferner und damit in ihrer Identit{\"a}t unsicherer Juden durch Auseinandersetzung mit ihrem kulturellen Erbe. Dieses Ziel hatte bereits das Programm des Berliner Schocken Verlags (1931- 1938) bestimmt, der die vom Gr{\"u}nder genannten „repr{\"a}sentative[n] Kostproben des Judentums" ver{\"o}ffentlicht und damit zur „j{\"u}dischen Kulturrenaissance" der 1930er Jahre beigetragen hatte.² Auch nach seiner Emigration nach Pal{\"a}stina 1934 blieb Schocken einer deutsch-j{\"u}dischen Wissenskultur zeitlebens verhaftet. Mit seiner verlegerischen Arbeit in den USA wollte Schocken das Programm seines Berliner Verlags f{\"u}r das amerikanische Nachkriegsjudentum neu auflegen, da sich dieses - seiner Meinung nach - in einer {\"a}hnlichen geistigen Situation befand wie das deutsche Judentum der Weimarer Republik. Entsprechend verk{\"u}ndete er 1945 in einer Rede in Jerusalem: „Sie wissen, dass ich jetzt daran arbeite, den Schockenverlag in Amerika zu machen. Das ist eine Imitation des deutschen Verlages. [...] Entfernungen existieren nicht mehr und Einfluss von hier nach dort und dort nach hier ist nicht mehr zu {\"u}bersehen."³ In diesen Aussagen klingen bereits verschiedene Schl{\"u}sselthemen der Rolle von Schocken Books New York an, dessen Geschichte bisher nur ansatzweise erforscht ist: Der Bezug auf Schockens Erfahrungen in Deutschland und das davon gepr{\"a}gte kulturpolitische Programm, das Kontinuit{\"a}ten zwischen zwei r{\"a}umlich und zeitlich fundamental getrennten j{\"u}dischen Gemeinschaften postulierte und auf einen transnationalen Kanon j{\"u}dischen Wissens zielte. Schocken wirkte mit seinen Verlagen, die er in Deutschland, Pal{\"a}stina/Israel und den USA gr{\"u}ndete, nicht nur an drei Schl{\"u}sselorten der j{\"u}dischen Moderne. Sein Verlagsprogramm stand zudem im Kontext eines Schl{\"u}sselprozesses j{\"u}discher Modernisierung: der Transformation traditionell-religi{\"o}sen Wissens in posttraditionell-kulturelle Formen. Dieser Beitrag stellt anhand von Quellen aus dem Verlagsarchiv, der Nachl{\"a}sse von Schockens Lektoren in den USA und der Rezeption von Schocken Books in den USA den Verlagsgr{\"u}nder Salman Schocken und die beiden Verlage in Berlin und New York vor. Im Zentrum der Analyse stehen die transnationale Verflechtung der Verlagsh{\"a}user und die Frage nach dem in den Publikationsprogrammen angestrebten transnationalen Kanon j{\"u}dischen Wissens in der Moderne.}, language = {de} } @article{Nix2016, author = {Nix, Andreas}, title = {Karl Mannheims Konservatismus}, series = {Kultursoziologie : Kultursozologie an deutschen Universit{\"a}ten}, volume = {2016}, journal = {Kultursoziologie : Kultursozologie an deutschen Universit{\"a}ten}, number = {2}, editor = {Geier, Wolfgang}, publisher = {WeltTrends}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-945878-24-8}, issn = {0941-343X}, pages = {102 -- 108}, year = {2016}, language = {de} } @misc{CiuciuCywiński2014, author = {Ciuciu, Adina I. and Cywiński, Piotr J.}, title = {Two-photon polymerization of hydrogels - versatile solutions to fabricate well-defined 3D structures}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99450}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Hydrogels are cross-linked water-containing polymer networks that are formed by physical, ionic or covalent interactions. In recent years, they have attracted significant attention because of their unique physical properties, which make them promising materials for numerous applications in food and cosmetic processing, as well as in drug delivery and tissue engineering. Hydrogels are highly water-swellable materials, which can considerably increase in volume without losing cohesion, are biocompatible and possess excellent tissue-like physical properties, which can mimic in vivo conditions. When combined with highly precise manufacturing technologies, such as two-photon polymerization (2PP), well-defined three-dimensional structures can be obtained. These structures can become scaffolds for selective cell-entrapping, cell/drug delivery, sensing and prosthetic implants in regenerative medicine. 2PP has been distinguished from other rapid prototyping methods because it is a non-invasive and efficient approach for hydrogel cross-linking. This review discusses the 2PP-based fabrication of 3D hydrogel structures and their potential applications in biotechnology. A brief overview regarding the 2PP methodology and hydrogel properties relevant to biomedical applications is given together with a review of the most important recent achievements in the field.}, language = {en} } @book{Quinlivan2009, author = {Quinlivan, Garrett}, title = {W{\"o}rterbuch des Hochschulwesens}, publisher = {Raabe}, address = {Stuttgart [u.a.]}, isbn = {978-3-8183-0548-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-bbdig-247}, pages = {173 Bl.}, year = {2009}, language = {de} } @article{GluglaSchulz2021, author = {Glugla, Markus and Schulz, Ralf Kiran}, title = {Generated-X LMS (GXLMS)}, series = {Proceedings of the 27th International Congress on Sound and Vibration}, journal = {Proceedings of the 27th International Congress on Sound and Vibration}, publisher = {Silesian University Press}, address = {Prague}, isbn = {978-83-7880-799-5}, pages = {1 -- 8}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The quality of the reference signal is essential for the adaptation process of an LMS or one of its derivatives. The reference signal affects the stability, the convergence rate and the maximum achievable attenuation. Since the error signal and the control signal are available as numerical values in the algorithm for the LMS, the reference signal can be calculated from both signals. The error signal is the interference between the control signal and the reference signal. This interference of the control signal and the reference signal can be noted mathematically as a simple addition. It is therefore possible to deduce the reference signal from a known error signal and control signal. This approach is the basis of the generated-x LMS (GxLMS) developed by us. It calculates the reference signal itself without having to rely on an externally supplied reference signal. The advantages of the GxLMS are primarily in fields where the reference signal is difficult or impossible to detect. For example, the detection of the reference signal can be problematic due to design reasons or measurement technology. For example, flow noise could have a negative effect on an acoustic detection of the reference signal. However, the calculation of the reference signal in the GxLMS represents a further feedback signal path, which affects the stability of the algorithm as a whole. Based on the theoretical principles mathematically sufficient convergence conditions can be formulated taking into account the delays existing in the signal paths. The experimental testing took place on an acoustic duct with monofrequency disturb signals. Since the use of an efficient design of experiments (DoE) could be excluded, the measurement was designed as parameter variation (one factor at time) and therefore very time-consuming. The theoretical background of the GxLMS as well as the results from the experiments are presented.}, language = {en} } @article{AscheArnold2020, author = {Asche, Matthias and Arnold, Matthieu}, title = {Anton Schindling (1947-2020)}, series = {Francia : Forschungen zur westeurop{\"a}ischen Geschichte}, journal = {Francia : Forschungen zur westeurop{\"a}ischen Geschichte}, number = {47}, publisher = {Thorbecke}, address = {Ostfildern}, isbn = {978-3-7995-8147-9}, doi = {10.11588/fr.2020.0.75750}, pages = {501 -- 503}, year = {2020}, language = {de} } @article{Schneider2022, author = {Schneider, Ulrike}, title = {Paul Adler im Kontext j{\"u}discher Selbstverst{\"a}ndigungen zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts}, series = {"Es muss Ordnung im Irrenhaus sein!" : Paul Adler - Texte, Konstellationen und Kontexte}, journal = {"Es muss Ordnung im Irrenhaus sein!" : Paul Adler - Texte, Konstellationen und Kontexte}, publisher = {Thelem}, address = {Dresden}, isbn = {978-3-95908-554-0}, pages = {139 -- 153}, year = {2022}, language = {de} } @techreport{Nastansky2022, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Nastansky, Andreas}, title = {Gruppierung von Daten}, series = {Statistische Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge}, journal = {Statistische Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge}, number = {55}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-57272}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-572722}, pages = {26}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet einen Vergleich zwischen den Methoden der Topologischen Datenanalyse (TDA) und statistischen Clusterverfahren bei der Gruppierung von Daten. Es werden Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede bei der Bildung der Cluster und Zuordnung der statistischen Einheiten identifiziert. Hierzu werden zwei empirische Datens{\"a}tze aus der Biologie und Medizin herangezogen. Zusammengefasst haben sich die Verfahren der TDA als ein praktikables Werkzeug bei der Gruppierung von Objekten erwiesen. Vor allem mit dem Mapper-Algorithmus konnten ad{\"a}quate Cluster erkannt werden. Beim Iris Flower-Datensatz hat die TDA {\"a}hnliche Ergebnisse wie die Clusteranalyse erzielt. Der Heart Disease-Datensatz war schwieriger zu behandeln. Die genutzten clusteranalytischen Verfahren waren nicht geeignet, die beiden Gruppen von Patienten korrekt zu identifizieren. Im Vergleich zu den Standardverfahren der Clusteranalyse zeigte sich eine leichte {\"U}berlegenheit der topologischen Verfahren.}, language = {de} } @article{Leinweber2021, author = {Leinweber, Juliane}, title = {App-Einsatz in der Logop{\"a}die/Sprachtherapie: Strategien und Kriterien}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, number = {14}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-507-1}, issn = {1866-9085}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-51019}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-510199}, pages = {69 -- 76}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @article{TenhagenKauschkeSiegmuelleretal.2021, author = {Tenhagen, Anne and Kauschke, Christina and Siegm{\"u}ller, Julia and Sachse, Steffi and D{\"o}rfler, Tobias}, title = {Profildiagnostik f{\"u}r Kinder mit Sprachentwicklungsst{\"o}rungen}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, number = {14}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-507-1}, issn = {1866-9085}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-51040}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-510402}, pages = {117 -- 120}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @article{Thulin2022, author = {Thulin, Mirjam}, title = {Le-Dor va-Dor or Discontinuities?}, series = {German-Jewish Studies: Next Generations}, volume = {2022}, journal = {German-Jewish Studies: Next Generations}, editor = {Elyada, Ada and Wallach, Kerry}, publisher = {Berghahn}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-80073-677-1}, doi = {10.3167/9781800736771}, pages = {17 -- 37}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @misc{OPUS4-8341, title = {Dysphagieforum}, volume = {4}, number = {2}, publisher = {Schulz-Kirchner}, address = {Idstein}, issn = {2193-3464}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-bbdig-297}, year = {2014}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Kolk2019, author = {Kolk, Jens}, title = {The long-term legacy of historical land cover changes}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43939}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-439398}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {196}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Over the last years there is an increasing awareness that historical land cover changes and associated land use legacies may be important drivers for present-day species richness and biodiversity due to time-delayed extinctions or colonizations in response to historical environmental changes. Historically altered habitat patches may therefore exhibit an extinction debt or colonization credit and can be expected to lose or gain species in the future. However, extinction debts and colonization credits are difficult to detect and their actual magnitudes or payments have rarely been quantified because species richness patterns and dynamics are also shaped by recent environmental conditions and recent environmental changes. In this thesis we aimed to determine patterns of herb-layer species richness and recent species richness dynamics of forest herb layer plants and link those patterns and dynamics to historical land cover changes and associated land use legacies. The study was conducted in the Prignitz, NE-Germany, where the forest distribution remained stable for the last ca. 100 years but where a) the deciduous forest area had declined by more than 90 per cent (leaving only remnants of "ancient forests"), b) small new forests had been established on former agricultural land ("post-agricultural forests"). Here, we analyzed the relative importance of land use history and associated historical land cover changes for herb layer species richness compared to recent environmental factors and determined magnitudes of extinction debt and colonization credit and their payment in ancient and post-agricultural forests, respectively. We showed that present-day species richness patterns were still shaped by historical land cover changes that ranged back to more than a century. Although recent environmental conditions were largely comparable we found significantly more forest specialists, species with short-distance dispersal capabilities and clonals in ancient forests than in post-agricultural forests. Those species richness differences were largely contingent to a colonization credit in post-agricultural forests that ranged up to 9 species (average 4.7), while the extinction debt in ancient forests had almost completely been paid. Environmental legacies from historical agricultural land use played a minor role for species richness differences. Instead, patch connectivity was most important. Species richness in ancient forests was still dependent on historical connectivity, indicating a last glimpse of an extinction debt, and the colonization credit was highest in isolated post-agricultural forests. In post-agricultural forests that were better connected or directly adjacent to ancient forest patches the colonization credit was way smaller and we were able to verify a gradual payment of the colonization credit from 2.7 species to 1.5 species over the last six decades.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Trautmann2022, author = {Trautmann, Tina}, title = {Understanding global water storage variations using model-data integration}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-56595}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-565954}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {VIII, 141}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Climate change is one of the greatest challenges to humanity in this century, and most noticeable consequences are expected to be impacts on the water cycle - in particular the distribution and availability of water, which is fundamental for all life on Earth. In this context, it is essential to better understand where and when water is available and what processes influence variations in water storages. While estimates of the overall terrestrial water storage (TWS) variations are available from the GRACE satellites, these represent the vertically integrated signal over all water stored in ice, snow, soil moisture, groundwater and surface water bodies. Therefore, complementary observational data and hydrological models are still required to determine the partitioning of the measured signal among different water storages and to understand the underlying processes. However, the application of large-scale observational data is limited by their specific uncertainties and the incapacity to measure certain water fluxes and storages. Hydrological models, on the other hand, vary widely in their structure and process-representation, and rarely incorporate additional observational data to minimize uncertainties that arise from their simplified representation of the complex hydrologic cycle. In this context, this thesis aims to contribute to improving the understanding of global water storage variability by combining simple hydrological models with a variety of complementary Earth observation-based data. To this end, a model-data integration approach is developed, in which the parameters of a parsimonious hydrological model are calibrated against several observational constraints, inducing GRACE TWS, simultaneously, while taking into account each data's specific strengths and uncertainties. This approach is used to investigate 3 specific aspects that are relevant for modelling and understanding the composition of large-scale TWS variations. The first study focusses on Northern latitudes, where snow and cold-region processes define the hydrological cycle. While the study confirms previous findings that seasonal dynamics of TWS are dominated by the cyclic accumulation and melt of snow, it reveals that inter-annual TWS variations on the contrary, are determined by variations in liquid water storages. Additionally, it is found to be important to consider the impact of compensatory effects of spatially heterogeneous hydrological variables when aggregating the contribution of different storage components over large areas. Hence, the determinants of TWS variations are scale-dependent and underlying driving mechanism cannot be simply transferred between spatial and temporal scales. These findings are supported by the second study for the global land areas beyond the Northern latitudes as well. This second study further identifies the considerable impact of how vegetation is represented in hydrological models on the partitioning of TWS variations. Using spatio-temporal varying fields of Earth observation-based data to parameterize vegetation activity not only significantly improves model performance, but also reduces parameter equifinality and process uncertainties. Moreover, the representation of vegetation drastically changes the contribution of different water storages to overall TWS variability, emphasizing the key role of vegetation for water allocation, especially between sub-surface and delayed water storages. However, the study also identifies parameter equifinality regarding the decay of sub-surface and delayed water storages by either evapotranspiration or runoff, and thus emphasizes the need for further constraints hereof. The third study focuses on the role of river water storage, in particular whether it is necessary to include computationally expensive river routing for model calibration and validation against the integrated GRACE TWS. The results suggest that river routing is not required for model calibration in such a global model-data integration approach, due to the larger influence other observational constraints, and the determinability of certain model parameters and associated processes are identified as issues of greater relevance. In contrast to model calibration, considering river water storage derived from routing schemes can already significantly improve modelled TWS compared to GRACE observations, and thus should be considered for model evaluation against GRACE data. Beyond these specific findings that contribute to improved understanding and modelling of large-scale TWS variations, this thesis demonstrates the potential of combining simple modeling approaches with diverse Earth observational data to improve model simulations, overcome inconsistencies of different observational data sets, and identify areas that require further research. These findings encourage future efforts to take advantage of the increasing number of diverse global observational data.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Brenner2022, author = {Brenner, Andri Caspar}, title = {Sustainable urban growth}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-55522}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-555223}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {231}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This dissertation explores the determinants for sustainable and socially optimalgrowth in a city. Two general equilibrium models establish the base for this evaluation, each adding its puzzle piece to the urban sustainability discourse and examining the role of non-market-based and market-based policies for balanced growth and welfare improvements in different theory settings. Sustainable urban growth either calls for policy actions or a green energy transition. Further, R\&D market failures can pose severe challenges to the sustainability of urban growth and the social optimality of decentralized allocation decisions. Still, a careful (holistic) combination of policy instruments can achieve sustainable growth and even be first best.}, language = {en} } @misc{Herrmann2022, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Herrmann, Tanja}, title = {Die Loi Blanquer - eine Chance f{\"u}r die deutsch-franz{\"o}sische Lehramtsausbildung im Sekundarbereich II?}, series = {MEGA-Schriftenreihe}, journal = {MEGA-Schriftenreihe}, number = {8}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2701-391X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-55942}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-559423}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {80}, year = {2022}, abstract = {„Europ{\"a}ische Bildung beginnt in der Schule." Gerade in Zeiten einer Renaissance von Nationalismen und einem sp{\"u}rbaren Rechtsruck in Europa scheint diese Maxime wichtiger denn je zu sein. Die umfassendste M{\"o}glichkeit, mittel- und langfristig eine europ{\"a}ische Dimension in den Schulen der EU-Mitgliedsstaaten zu verankern, stellt eine binationale oder sogar internationale Lehramtsausbildung dar. Die Einrichtung derartiger Ausbildungen ist jedoch mit hohen H{\"u}rden verbunden. Ihre Anzahl ist {\"u}berschaubar und allein im deutsch-franz{\"o}sischen Kontext vorhanden. Hintergrund hierf{\"u}r sind erstens die nur schwer zu {\"u}berwindbaren Hindernisse, die sich aus den stark divergierenden Studien-, Rekrutierungs- und Ausbildungssystemen ergeben. Zweitens ist der Lehramtsbereich besonders stark durch Reformen gepr{\"a}gt. Eine Nutzen-Kosten-Analyse der h{\"a}ufig ben{\"o}tigten und ressourcenintensiven Anpassungen von Programmen auf der einen Seite und der geringen Anzahl der Absolventinnen und Absolventen auf der anderen Seite f{\"a}llt demnach an vielen Universit{\"a}ten negativ aus. Ein R{\"u}ckblick auf die seit 2000 bestehenden Bem{\"u}hungen der Kooperation Mainz-Dijon hinterl{\"a}sst eine durchmischte Bilanz. Die Gelegenheit, die lehramtsbezogene binationale Ausbildung dieser Kooperation integrierter zu gestalten, bietet die sich derzeit auf franz{\"o}sischer Seite vollziehende Neustrukturierung der franz{\"o}sischen Lehramtsausbildung. Die Loi Blanquer vom 26. Juli 2019 f{\"u}hrt zu einer Ann{\"a}herung der beiden Systeme und erm{\"o}glicht - auch dank bereits bestehender juristischer Instrumente - eine Verk{\"u}rzung der Ausbildungszeit sowie eine verbesserte Anerkennungspraxis.}, language = {de} } @techreport{MeyerKleinknechtRichter2022, author = {Meyer, Andr{\´e} and Kleinknecht, Marc and Richter, Dirk}, title = {Abschlussbericht im BMBF-Projekt "Verbundprojekt E-LANE: E-Learning in der Lehrerfortbildung: Angebote, Nutzung und Ertr{\"a}ge" (F{\"o}rderkennzeichen: 01JD1825A-B)}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-56742}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-567428}, pages = {16}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Der vorliegende Abschlussbericht pr{\"a}sentiert die Ergebnisse des BMBF-gef{\"o}rderten Verbundprojektes "E-LANE: E-Learning in der Lehrerfortbildung: Angebote, Nutzung und Ertr{\"a}ge", das gemeinsam durch die Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (Prof. Dr. Dirk Richter) und der Leuphana Universit{\"a}t L{\"u}neburg (Prof. Dr. Marc Kleinknecht) durchgef{\"u}hrt wurde. Ziel des Projektes war die Untersuchung des Angebotes von digitalen bzw. digital-gest{\"u}tzten Fortbildungen f{\"u}r Lehrkr{\"a}fte in den Bundesl{\"a}ndern Berlin, Brandenburg und Schleswig-Holstein. Im Rahmen von vier Teilstudien wurden Datenbankanalysen der Fortbildungsangebote in den jeweiligen L{\"a}ndern sowie schriftliche Befragungen mit Fortbildner*innen sowie Teilnehmer*innen von Online-Fortbildungen durchgef{\"u}hrt. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus wurde eine Online-Fortbildung f{\"u}r Lehrkr{\"a}fte zum Thema Feedback eigens konzipiert und durchgef{\"u}hrt.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Neuendorf2022, author = {Neuendorf, Claudia}, title = {Leistungsstarke Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}ler in Deutschland}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-56470}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-564702}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {203}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die vorliegende kumulative Promotionsarbeit besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit leistungsstarken Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}lern, die seit 2015 in der deutschen Bildungspolitik, zum Beispiel im Rahmen von F{\"o}rderprogrammen wieder mehr Raum einnehmen, nachdem in Folge des „PISA-Schocks" im Jahr 2000 zun{\"a}chst der Fokus st{\"a}rker auf den Risikogruppen lag. W{\"a}hrend leistungsst{\"a}rkere Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}ler in der {\"o}ffentlichen Wahrnehmung h{\"a}ufig mit „(Hoch-)Begabten" identifiziert werden, geht die Arbeit {\"u}ber die traditionelle Begabungsforschung, die eine generelle Intelligenz als Grundlage f{\"u}r Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit von Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}lern begreift und beforscht, hinaus. Stattdessen l{\"a}sst sich eher in den Bereich der Talentforschung einordnen, die den Fokus weg von allgemeinen Begabungen auf spezifische Pr{\"a}diktoren und Outcomes im individuellen Entwicklungsverlauf legt. Der Fokus der Arbeit liegt daher nicht auf Intelligenz als Potenzial, sondern auf der aktuellen schulischen Leistung, die als Ergebnis und Ausgangspunkt von Entwicklungsprozessen in einer Leistungsdom{\"a}ne doppelte Bedeutung erh{\"a}lt. Die Arbeit erkennt die Vielgestaltigkeit des Leistungsbegriffs an und ist bestrebt, neue Anl{\"a}sse zu schaffen, {\"u}ber den Leistungsbegriff und seine Operationalisierung in der Forschung zu diskutieren. Hierf{\"u}r wird im ersten Teil ein systematisches Review zur Operationalisierung von Leistungsst{\"a}rke durchgef{\"u}hrt (Artikel I). Es werden Faktoren herausgearbeitet, auf welchen sich die Operationalisierungen unterscheiden k{\"o}nnen. Weiterhin wird ein {\"U}berblick gegeben, wie Studien zu Leistungsstarken sich seit dem Jahr 2000 auf diesen Dimensionen verorten lassen. Es zeigt sich, dass eindeutige Konventionen zur Definition schulischer Leistungsst{\"a}rke noch nicht existieren, woraus folgt, dass Ergebnisse aus Studien, die sich mit leistungsstarken Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}lern besch{\"a}ftigen, nur bedingt miteinander vergleichbar sind. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit wird im Rahmen zwei weiterer Artikel, welche sich mit der Leistungsentwicklung (Artikel II) und der sozialen Einbindung (Artikel III) von leistungsstarken Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}lern befassen, darauf aufbauend der Ansatz verfolgt, die Variabilit{\"a}t von Ergebnissen {\"u}ber verschiedene Operationalisierungen von Leistungsst{\"a}rke deutlich zu machen. Damit wird unter anderem auch die k{\"u}nftige Vergleichbarkeit mit anderen Studien erleichtert. Genutzt wird dabei das Konzept der Multiversumsanalyse (Steegen et al., 2016), bei welcher viele parallele Spezifikationen, die zugleich sinnvolle Alternativen f{\"u}r die Operationalisierung darstellen, nebeneinandergestellt und in ihrem Effekt verglichen werden (Jansen et al., 2021). Die Multiversumsanalyse kn{\"u}pft konzeptuell an das bereits vor l{\"a}ngerem entwickelte Forschungsprogramm des kritischen Multiplismus an (Patry, 2013; Shadish, 1986, 1993), erh{\"a}lt aber als spezifische Methode aktuell im Rahmen der Replizierbarkeitskrise in der Psychologie eine besondere Bedeutung. Dabei st{\"u}tzt sich die vorliegende Arbeit auf die Sekund{\"a}ranalyse großangelegter Schulleistungsstudien, welche den Vorteil besitzen, dass eine große Zahl an Datenpunkten (Variablen und Personen) zur Verf{\"u}gung steht, um Effekte unterschiedlicher Operationalisierungen zu vergleichen. Inhaltlich greifen Artikel II und III Themen auf, die in der wissenschaftlichen und gesellschaftlichen Diskussion zu Leistungsstarken und ihrer Wahrnehmung in der {\"O}ffentlichkeit immer wieder aufscheinen: In Artikel II wird zun{\"a}chst die Frage gestellt, ob Leistungsstarke bereits im aktuellen Regelunterricht einen kumulativen Vorteil gegen{\"u}ber ihren weniger leistungsstarken Mitsch{\"u}lerinnen und Mitsch{\"u}lern haben (Matth{\"a}us-Effekt). Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass an Gymnasien keineswegs von sich vergr{\"o}ßernden Unterschieden gesprochen werden kann. Im Gegenteil, es verringerte sich im Laufe der Sekundarstufe der Abstand zwischen den Gruppen, indem die Lernraten bei leistungsschw{\"a}cheren Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}lern h{\"o}her waren. Artikel III hingegen betrifft die soziale Wahrnehmung von leistungsstarken Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}lern. Auch hier h{\"a}lt sich in der {\"o}ffentlichen Diskussion die Annahme, dass h{\"o}here Leistungen mit Nachteilen in der sozialen Integration einhergehen k{\"o}nnten, was sich auch in Studien widerspiegelt, die sich mit Geschlechterstereotypen Jugendlicher in Bezug auf Schulleistung besch{\"a}ftigen. In Artikel III wird unter anderem erneut das Potenzial der Multiversumsanalyse genutzt, um die Variation des Zusammenhangs {\"u}ber Operationalisierungen von Leistungsst{\"a}rke zu beschreiben. Es zeigt sich unter unterschiedlichen Operationalisierungen von Leistungsst{\"a}rke und {\"u}ber verschiedene Facetten sozialer Integration hinweg, dass die Zusammenh{\"a}nge zwischen Leistung und sozialer Integration insgesamt leicht positiv ausfallen. Annahmen, die auf differenzielle Effekte f{\"u}r Jungen und M{\"a}dchen oder f{\"u}r unterschiedliche F{\"a}cher abzielen, finden in diesen Analysen keine Best{\"a}tigung. Die Dissertation zeigt, dass der Vergleich unterschiedlicher Ans{\"a}tze zur Operationalisierung von Leistungsst{\"a}rke — eingesetzt im Rahmen eines kritischen Multiplismus — das Verst{\"a}ndnis von Ph{\"a}nomenen vertiefen kann und auch das Potenzial hat, Theorieentwicklung voranzubringen.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Schemenz2022, author = {Schemenz, Victoria}, title = {Correlations between osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network and material characteristics in bone adaptation and regeneration}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-55959}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-559593}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {3, xii, 146}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The complex hierarchical structure of bone undergoes a lifelong remodeling process, where it adapts to mechanical needs. Hereby, bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts have to be balanced to sustain a healthy and stable organ. Osteocytes orchestrate this interplay by sensing mechanical strains and translating them into biochemical signals. The osteocytes are located in lacunae and are connected to one another and other bone cells via cell processes through small channels, the canaliculi. Lacunae and canaliculi form a network (LCN) of extracellular spaces that is able to transport ions and enables cell-to-cell communication. Osteocytes might also contribute to mineral homeostasis by direct interactions with the surrounding matrix. If the LCN is acting as a transport system, this should be reflected in the mineralization pattern. The central hypothesis of this thesis is that osteocytes are actively changing their material environment. Characterization methods of material science are used to achieve the aim of detecting traces of this interaction between osteocytes and the extracellular matrix. First, healthy murine bones were characterized. The properties analyzed were then compared with three murine model systems: 1) a loading model, where a bone of the mouse was loaded during its life time; 2) a healing model, where a bone of the mouse was cut to induce a healing response; and 3) a disease model, where the Fbn1 gene is dysfunctional causing defects in the formation of the extracellular tissue. The measurement strategy included routines that make it possible to analyze the organization of the LCN and the material components (i.e., the organic collagen matrix and the mineral particles) in the same bone volumes and compare the spatial distribution of different data sets. The three-dimensional network architecture of the LCN is visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) after rhodamine staining and is then subsequently quantified. The calcium content is determined via quantitative backscattered electron imaging (qBEI), while small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS) are employed to determine the thickness and length of local mineral particles. First, tibiae cortices of healthy mice were characterized to investigate how changes in LCN architecture can be attributed to interactions of osteocytes with the surrounding bone matrix. The tibial mid-shaft cross-sections showed two main regions, consisting of a band with unordered LCN surrounded by a region with ordered LCN. The unordered region is a remnant of early bone formation and exhibited short and thin mineral particles. The surrounding, more aligned bone showed ordered and dense LCN as well as thicker and longer mineral particles. The calcium content was unchanged between the two regions. In the mouse loading model, the left tibia underwent two weeks of mechanical stimulation, which results in increased bone formation and decreased resorption in skeletally mature mice. Here the specific research question addressed was how do bone material characteristics change at (re)modeling sites? The new bone formed in response to mechanical stimulation showed similar properties in terms of the mineral particles, like the ordered calcium region but lower calcium content compared to the right, non-loaded control bone of the same mice. There was a clear, recognizable border between mature and newly formed bone. Nevertheless, some canaliculi went through this border connecting the LCN of mature and newly formed bone. Additionally, the question should be answered whether the LCN topology and the bone matrix material properties adapt to loading. Although, mechanically stimulated bones did not show differences in calcium content compared to controls, different correlations were found between the local LCN density and the local Ca content depending on whether the bone was loaded or not. These results suggest that the LCN may serve as a mineral reservoir. For the healing model, the femurs of mice underwent an osteotomy, stabilized with an external fixator and were allowed to heal for 21 days. Thus, the spatial variations in the LCN topology with mineral properties within different tissue types and their interfaces, namely calcified cartilage, bony callus and cortex, could be simultaneously visualized and compared in this model. All tissue types showed structural differences across multiple length scales. Calcium content increased and became more homogeneous from calcified cartilage to bony callus to lamellar cortical bone. The degree of LCN organization increased as well, while the lacunae became smaller, as did the lacunar density between these different tissue types that make up the callus. In the calcified cartilage, the mineral particles were short and thin. The newly formed callus exhibited thicker mineral particles, which still had a low degree of orientation. While most of the callus had a woven-like structure, it also served as a scaffold for more lamellar tissue at the edges. The lamelar bone callus showed thinner mineral particles, but a higher degree of alignment in both, mineral particles and the LCN. The cortex showed the highest values for mineral length, thickness and degree of orientation. At the same time, the lacunae number density was 34\% lower and the lacunar volume 40\% smaller compared to bony callus. The transition zone between cortical and callus regions showed a continuous convergence of bone mineral properties and lacunae shape. Although only a few canaliculi connected callus and the cortical region, this indicates that communication between osteocytes of both tissues should be possible. The presented correlations between LCN architecture and mineral properties across tissue types may suggest that osteocytes have an active role in mineralization processes of healing. A mouse model for the disease marfan syndrome, which includes a genetic defect in the fibrillin-1 gene, was investigated. In humans, Marfan syndrome is characterized by a range of clinical symptoms such as long bone overgrowth, loose joints, reduced bone mineral density, compromised bone microarchitecture, and increased fracture rates. Thus, fibrillin-1 seems to play a role in the skeletal homeostasis. Therefore, the present work studied how marfan syndrome alters LCN architecture and the surrounding bone matrix. The mice with marfan syndrome showed longer tibiae than their healthy littermates from an age of seven weeks onwards. In contrast, the cortical development appeared retarded, which was observed across all measured characteristics, i. e. lower endocortical bone formation, looser and less organized lacuno-canalicular network, less collagen orientation, thinner and shorter mineral particles. In each of the three model systems, this study found that changes in the LCN architecture spatially correlated with bone matrix material parameters. While not knowing the exact mechanism, these results provide indications that osteocytes can actively manipulate a mineral reservoir located around the canaliculi to make a quickly accessible contribution to mineral homeostasis. However, this interaction is most likely not one-sided, but could be understood as an interplay between osteocytes and extra-cellular matrix, since the bone matrix contains biochemical signaling molecules (e.g. non-collagenous proteins) that can change osteocyte behavior. Bone (re)modeling can therefore not only be understood as a method for removing defects or adapting to external mechanical stimuli, but also for increasing the efficiency of possible osteocyte-mineral interactions during bone homeostasis. With these findings, it seems reasonable to consider osteocytes as a target for drug development related to bone diseases that cause changes in bone composition and mechanical properties. It will most likely require the combined effort of materials scientists, cell biologists, and molecular biologists to gain a deeper understanding of how bone cells respond to their material environment.}, language = {en} } @techreport{KauffmannNastansky2022, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Kauffmann, Albrecht and Nastansky, Andreas}, title = {Regionale Mieten in Deutschland}, series = {Statistische Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge}, journal = {Statistische Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge}, number = {54}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-57274}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-572742}, pages = {44}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Untersucht werden die von BulwienGesa erhobenen und aufbereiteten jahresdurchschnittlichen Mieten von Wohnungen und die Relation des Wiederverkaufswertes von Eigentumswohnungen zu den Wohnungsmieten (Preis-Miet-Relation) in 401 kreisfreien St{\"a}dten und Landkreisen f{\"u}r die Jahre 2004-2017. Dabei zeigt sich bei den Wohnungsmieten eine Zunahme der regionalen Streuung im Zeitverlauf vor allem in der auf die Finanzkrise 2007-2009 folgenden Zeit. Bei der Preis-Miet-Relation nimmt die Streuung im Zeitverlauf ab 2010 ebenfalls zu. Im Durchschnitt der Regionen (Landkreise und kreisfreie St{\"a}dte) steigen {\"u}ber den gesamten Zeitabschnitt die Mieten und in der {\"u}berwiegenden Zahl der Regionen auch die Preis-Miet-Relation (allerdings erst ab 2010); sie entwickeln sich aber regional stark unterschiedlich. Dies f{\"u}hrt auch zur Zunahme der Variationskoeffizienten, also der relativen Streuung der regionalen Mieten und - ab 2010 - auch der regionalen Preis-Miet-Relationen. Dies deutet auf eine Zunahme der regionalen Disparit{\"a}ten in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland hin. Besondere Divergenzen zeigen sich zwischen den alten und den neuen Bundesl{\"a}ndern, wie auch zwischen prosperierenden kreisfreien St{\"a}dten und deren Umland und {\"o}konomisch schw{\"a}cheren St{\"a}dten und Landkreisen.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Forster2021, author = {Forster, Florian}, title = {Continuous microgravity monitoring of the Þeistareykir geothermal field (North Iceland)}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-54851}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-548517}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {XVII, 164}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In my doctoral thesis, I examine continuous gravity measurements for monitoring of the geothermal site at Þeistareykir in North Iceland. With the help of high-precision superconducting gravity meters (iGravs), I investigate underground mass changes that are caused by operation of the geothermal power plant (i.e. by extraction of hot water and reinjection of cold water). The overall goal of this research project is to make a statement about the sustainable use of the geothermal reservoir, from which also the Icelandic energy supplier and power plant operator Landsvirkjun should benefit. As a first step, for investigating the performance and measurement stability of the gravity meters, in summer 2017, I performed comparative measurements at the gravimetric observatory J9 in Strasbourg. From the three-month gravity time series, I examined calibration, noise and drift behaviour of the iGravs in comparison to stable long-term time series of the observatory superconducting gravity meters. After preparatory work in Iceland (setup of gravity stations, additional measuring equipment and infrastructure, discussions with Landsvirkjun and meetings with the Icelandic partner institute ISOR), gravity monitoring at Þeistareykir was started in December 2017. With the help of the iGrav records of the initial 18 months after start of measurements, I carried out the same investigations (on calibration, noise and drift behaviour) as in J9 to understand how the transport of the superconducting gravity meters to Iceland may influence instrumental parameters. In the further course of this work, I focus on modelling and reduction of local gravity contributions at Þeistareykir. These comprise additional mass changes due to rain, snowfall and vertical surface displacements that superimpose onto the geothermal signal of the gravity measurements. For this purpose, I used data sets from additional monitoring sensors that are installed at each gravity station and adapted scripts for hydro-gravitational modelling. The third part of my thesis targets geothermal signals in the gravity measurements. Together with my PhD colleague Nolwenn Portier from France, I carried out additional gravity measurements with a Scintrex CG5 gravity meter at 26 measuring points within the geothermal field in the summers of 2017, 2018 and 2019. These annual time-lapse gravity measurements are intended to increase the spatial coverage of gravity data from the three continuous monitoring stations to the entire geothermal field. The combination of CG5 and iGrav observations, as well as annual reference measurements with an FG5 absolute gravity meter represent the hybrid gravimetric monitoring method for Þeistareykir. Comparison of the gravimetric data to local borehole measurements (of groundwater levels, geothermal extraction and injection rates) is used to relate the observed gravity changes to the actually extracted (and reinjected) geothermal fluids. An approach to explain the observed gravity signals by means of forward modelling of the geothermal production rate is presented at the end of the third (hybrid gravimetric) study. Further modelling with the help of the processed gravity data is planned by Landsvirkjun. In addition, the experience from time-lapse and continuous gravity monitoring will be used for future gravity measurements at the Krafla geothermal field 22 km south-east of Þeistareykir.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Farkas2022, author = {Farkas, Marton Pal}, title = {Hydraulic fracturing in hard rock - numerical studies from laboratory to reservoir scale}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-54934}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-549343}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {155}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Hydraulic-driven fractures play a key role in subsurface energy technologies across several scales. By injecting fluid at high hydraulic pressure into rock with intrinsic low permeability, in-situ stress field and fracture development pattern can be characterised as well as rock permeability can be enhanced. Hydraulic fracturing is a commercial standard procedure for enhanced oil and gas production of rock reservoirs with low permeability in petroleum industry. However, in EGS utilization, a major geological concern is the unsolicited generation of earthquakes due to fault reactivation, referred to as induced seismicity, with a magnitude large enough to be felt on the surface or to damage facilities and buildings. Furthermore, reliable interpretation of hydraulic fracturing tests for stress measurement is a great challenge for the energy technologies. Therefore, in this cumulative doctoral thesis the following research questions are investigated. (1): How do hydraulic fractures grow in hard rock at various scales?; (2): Which parameters control hydraulic fracturing and hydro-mechanical coupling?; and (3): How can hydraulic fracturing in hard rock be modelled? In the laboratory scale study, several laboratory hydraulic fracturing experiments are investigated numerically using Irazu2D that were performed on intact cubic Pocheon granite samples from South Korea applying different injection protocols. The goal of the laboratory experiments is to test the concept of cyclic soft stimulation which may enable sustainable permeability enhancement (Publication 1). In the borehole scale study, hydraulic fracturing tests are reported that were performed in boreholes located in central Hungary to determine the in-situ stress for a geological site investigation. At depth of about 540 m, the recorded pressure versus time curves in mica schist with low dip angle foliation show atypical evolution. In order to provide explanation for this observation, a series of discrete element computations using Particle Flow Code 2D are performed (Publication 2). In the reservoir scale study, the hydro-mechanical behaviour of fractured crystalline rock due to one of the five hydraulic stimulations at the Pohang Enhanced Geothermal site in South Korea is studied. Fluid pressure perturbation at faults of several hundred-meter lengths during hydraulic stimulation is simulated using FracMan (Publication 3). The doctoral research shows that the resulting hydraulic fracturing geometry will depend "locally", i.e. at the length scale of representative elementary volume (REV) and below that (sub-REV), on the geometry and strength of natural fractures, and "globally", i.e. at super-REV domain volume, on far-field stresses. Regarding hydro-mechanical coupling, it is suggested to define separate coupling relationship for intact rock mass and natural fractures. Furthermore, the relative importance of parameters affecting the magnitude of formation breakdown pressure, a parameter characterising hydro-mechanical coupling, is defined. It can be also concluded that there is a clear gap between the capacity of the simulation software and the complexity of the studied problems. Therefore, the computational time of the simulation of complex hydraulic fracture geometries must be reduced while maintaining high fidelity simulation results. This can be achieved either by extending the computational resources via parallelization techniques or using time scaling techniques. The ongoing development of used numerical models focuses on tackling these methodological challenges.}, language = {en} } @techreport{RadtkeHartmannNeurothetal.2020, author = {Radtke, Ina and Hartmann, Niklas and Neuroth, Heike and Rothfritz, Laura and Wuttke, Ulrike and Straka, Janine and Zeunert, Miriam and Schneemann, Carsten}, title = {Anforderungserhebung bei den brandenburgischen Hochschulen}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-48091}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-480914}, pages = {50}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Dieser Bericht nimmt die Institutionalisierung von Forschungsdatenmanagement (FDM) an den staatlichen Hochschulen Brandenburgs in den Blick. Er soll zur Beantwortung der folgenden Fragen beitragen: Warum wird FDM dort institutionalisiert? Wie wird FDM dort institutionalisiert? Welche Herausforderungen f{\"u}r eine weitere Institutionalisierung bestehen und wie kann ihnen begegnet werden? Zur Erhebung des Status Quo und zur Identifikation von Anforderungen und Weiterentwicklungspotenzialen wurde deshalb eine Organisationsuntersuchung durchgef{\"u}hrt. Untersuchung ist neben der Einhaltung wissenschaftlicher und professioneller Standards auch dem Anwendungsbezug der Ergebnisse, deren Anwendbarkeit im Kontext und der Partizipation der Beteiligten verpflichtet. Da es sich um ein f{\"u}r die betrachteten Einrichtungen noch vergleichsweise neues Themengebiet handelt, wurde ein exploratives Forschungsdesign unter Einsatz qualitativer Methoden gew{\"a}hlt. Grundlage der Ergebnisse sind ein Auftaktworkshop unter Beteiligung der Hochschulen, eine Dokumentenanalyse und 16 leitfadengest{\"u}tzte Expert*innen-Interviews auf Arbeits- und Leitungsebene der brandenburgischen Hochschulen. Die Ergebnisse werden anhand von vier Handlungsbereichen strukturiert vorgestellt: Relevanz von FDM und Institutionalisierung an den Hochschulen; Technologie und Infrastruktur; Personal und Qualifizierung; Organisation, Kooperation und Finanzierung. Dabei stellt der Bericht sowohl den Status Quo als auch die Ziele der Hochschulen sowie die W{\"u}nsche an eine Landesinitiative vor.}, subject = {Forschungsdaten}, language = {de} } @techreport{WuttkeNeurothRothfritzetal.2021, author = {Wuttke, Ulrike and Neuroth, Heike and Rothfritz, Laura and Straka, Janine and Zeunert, Miriam and Schneemann, Carsten and Hartmann, Niklas and Radtke, Ina}, title = {Umfeldanalyse zum Aufbau einer neuen Datenkultur in Brandenburg}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-48090}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-480905}, pages = {112}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Digitale Forschungsdaten gewinnen zunehmend an Bedeutung und stellen neue Herausforderungen an wissenschaftliche Einrichtungen und ihre Forschenden. Der Begriff Forschungsdatenmanagement umfasst alle Aktivit{\"a}ten, die mit der Aufbereitung, Speicherung, Archivierung und Ver{\"o}ffentlichung von Forschungsdaten verbunden sind. Da der Umgang mit Forschungsdaten generische, fachliche, rechtliche und technische Aspekte betrifft, erfordert es eine Begleitung der Forschenden durch ein umfangreiches Spektrum an Services, von Information und Beratung bis hin zu fachspezifischen Standards und IT-Infrastrukturen. Im vorliegenden Bericht werden zun{\"a}chst die Ausgangslage und die Begrifflichkeiten rund um Forschungsdatenmanagement gekl{\"a}rt und anschließend die wichtigsten nationalen und internationalen Strategien und Entwicklungen vorgestellt. Dabei bilden Richtlinien und Empfehlungen f{\"u}r Forschungsdaten(management) den Handlungsrahmen f{\"u}r alle Beteiligte hin zu einem nachhaltigen Forschungsdatenmanagement. Bundeslandinitiativen schaffen die Grundlage und unterst{\"u}tzen den Kulturwandel zu offenen Daten. Eine Forschungsdaten-Strategie f{\"u}r Brandenburg muss die Bedeutung von digitalen Forschungsdaten als wissenschaftliches Gut in den Vordergrund stellen, indem daf{\"u}r das Bewusstsein geschaffen wird und konkrete Vorgaben und Leitlinien auf Landes- und Einrichtungsebene vereinbart werden. Gute wissenschaftliche Praxis wird durch eine geeignete Infrastruktur unterst{\"u}tzt, welche die heterogenen Bedarfe und Voraussetzungen aller Beteiligten ber{\"u}cksichtigt. Ziele sollten die Institutionalisierung von Forschungsdatenmanagement an den Hochschulen und Kooperationen zwischen den Einrichtungen Brandenburgs sein.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Muench2021, author = {M{\"u}nch, Steffen}, title = {The relevance of the aeolian transport path for the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria on arable fields}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-53608}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-536089}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {XVI, 140}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses a globally increasing threat to public health care. The excessive use of antibiotics in animal husbandry can develop resistances in the stables. Transmission through direct contact with animals and contamination of food has already been proven. The excrements of the animals combined with a binding material enable a further potential path of spread into the environment, if they are used as organic manure in agricultural landscapes. As most of the airborne bacteria are attached to particulate matter, the focus of the work will be the atmospheric dispersal via the dust fraction. Field measurements on arable lands in Brandenburg, Germany and wind erosion studies in a wind tunnel were conducted to investigate the risk of a potential atmospheric dust-associated spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria from poultry manure fertilized agricultural soils. The focus was to (i) characterize the conditions for aerosolization and (ii) qualify and quantify dust emissions during agricultural operations and wind erosion. PM10 (PM, particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 10 µm) emission factors and bacterial fluxes for poultry manure application and incorporation have not been previously reported before. The contribution to dust emissions depends on the water content of the manure, which is affected by the manure pretreatment (fresh, composted, stored, dried), as well as by the intensity of manure spreading from the manure spreader. During poultry manure application, PM10 emission ranged between 0.05 kg ha-1 and 8.37 kg ha-1. For comparison, the subsequent land preparation contributes to 0.35 - 1.15 kg ha-1 of PM10 emissions. Manure particles were still part of dust emissions but they were accounted to be less than 1\% of total PM10 emissions due to the dilution of poultry manure in the soil after manure incorporation. Bacterial emissions of fecal origin were more relevant during manure application than during the subsequent manure incorporation, although PM10 emissions of manure incorporation were larger than PM10 emissions of manure application for the non-dried manure variants. Wind erosion leads to preferred detachment of manure particles from sandy soils, when poultry manure has been recently incorporated. Sorting effects were determined between the low-density organic particles of manure origin and the soil particles of mineral origin close above the threshold of 7 m s-1. In dependence to the wind speed, potential erosion rates between 101 and 854 kg ha-1 were identified, if 6 t ha-1 of poultry manure were applied. Microbial investigation showed that manure bacteria got detached more easily from the soil surface during wind erosion, due to their attachment on manure particles. Although antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ESBL-producing E. coli) were still found in the poultry barns, no further contamination could be detected with them in the manure, fertilized soils or in the dust generated by manure application, land preparation or wind erosion. Parallel studies of this project showed that storage of poultry manure for a few days (36 - 72 h) is sufficient to inactivate ESBL-producing E. coli. Further antibiotic-resistant bacteria, i.e. MRSA and VRE, were only found sporadically in the stables and not at all in the dust. Therefore, based on the results of this work, the risk of a potential infection by dust-associated antibiotic-resistant bacteria can be considered as low.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{MbayaMani2017, author = {Mbaya Mani, Christian}, title = {Functional nanoporous carbon-based materials derived from oxocarbon-metal coordination complexes}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-407866}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {IV, 135}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Nanoporous carbon based materials are of particular interest for both science and industry due to their exceptional properties such as a large surface area, high pore volume, high electroconductivity as well as high chemical and thermal stability. Benefiting from these advantageous properties, nanoporous carbons proved to be useful in various energy and environment related applications including energy storage and conversion, catalysis, gas sorption and separation technologies. The synthesis of nanoporous carbons classically involves thermal carbonization of the carbon precursors (e.g. phenolic resins, polyacrylonitrile, poly(vinyl alcohol) etc.) followed by an activation step and/or it makes use of classical hard or soft templates to obtain well-defined porous structures. However, these synthesis strategies are complicated and costly; and make use of hazardous chemicals, hindering their application for large-scale production. Furthermore, control over the carbon materials properties is challenging owing to the relatively unpredictable processes at the high carbonization temperatures. In the present thesis, nanoporous carbon based materials are prepared by the direct heat treatment of crystalline precursor materials with pre-defined properties. This synthesis strategy does not require any additional carbon sources or classical hard- or soft templates. The highly stable and porous crystalline precursors are based on coordination compounds of the squarate and croconate ions with various divalent metal ions including Zn2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+, respectively. Here, the structural properties of the crystals can be controlled by the choice of appropriate synthesis conditions such as the crystal aging temperature, the ligand/metal molar ratio, the metal ion, and the organic ligand system. In this context, the coordination of the squarate ions to Zn2+ yields porous 3D cube crystalline particles. The morphology of the cubes can be tuned from densely packed cubes with a smooth surface to cubes with intriguing micrometer-sized openings and voids which evolve on the centers of the low index faces as the crystal aging temperature is raised. By varying the molar ratio, the particle shape can be changed from truncated cubes to perfect cubes with right-angled edges. These crystalline precursors can be easily transformed into the respective carbon based materials by heat treatment at elevated temperatures in a nitrogen atmosphere followed by a facile washing step. The resulting carbons are obtained in good yields and possess a hierarchical pore structure with well-organized and interconnected micro-, meso- and macropores. Moreover, high surface areas and large pore volumes of up to 1957 m2 g-1 and 2.31 cm3 g-1 are achieved, respectively, whereby the macroscopic structure of the precursors is preserved throughout the whole synthesis procedure. Owing to these advantageous properties, the resulting carbon based materials represent promising supercapacitor electrode materials for energy storage applications. This is exemplarily demonstrated by employing the 3D hierarchical porous carbon cubes derived from squarate-zinc coordination compounds as electrode material showing a specific capacitance of 133 F g-1 in H2SO4 at a scan rate of 5 mV s-1 and retaining 67\% of this specific capacitance when the scan rate is increased to 200 mV s-1. In a further application, the porous carbon cubes derived from squarate-zinc coordination compounds are used as high surface area support material and decorated with nickel nanoparticles via an incipient wetness impregnation. The resulting composite material combines a high surface area, a hierarchical pore structure with high functionality and well-accessible pores. Moreover, owing to their regular micro-cube shape, they allow for a good packing of a fixed-bed flow reactor along with high column efficiency and a minimized pressure drop throughout the packed reactor. Therefore, the composite is employed as heterogeneous catalyst in the selective hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-dimethylfuran showing good catalytic performance and overcoming the conventional problem of column blocking. Thinking about the rational design of 3D carbon geometries, the functions and properties of the resulting carbon-based materials can be further expanded by the rational introduction of heteroatoms (e.g. N, B, S, P, etc.) into the carbon structures in order to alter properties such as wettability, surface polarity as well as the electrochemical landscape. In this context, the use of crystalline materials based on oxocarbon-metal ion complexes can open a platform of highly functional materials for all processes that involve surface processes.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Schmitz2023, author = {Schmitz, Se{\´a}n}, title = {Using low-cost sensors to gather high resolution measurements of air quality in urban environments and inform mobility policy}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-60105}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-601053}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {180}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Air pollution has been a persistent global problem in the past several hundred years. While some industrialized nations have shown improvements in their air quality through stricter regulation, others have experienced declines as they rapidly industrialize. The WHO's 2021 update of their recommended air pollution limit values reflects the substantial impacts on human health of pollutants such as NO2 and O3, as recent epidemiological evidence suggests substantial long-term health impacts of air pollution even at low concentrations. Alongside developments in our understanding of air pollution's health impacts, the new technology of low-cost sensors (LCS) has been taken up by both academia and industry as a new method for measuring air pollution. Due primarily to their lower cost and smaller size, they can be used in a variety of different applications, including in the development of higher resolution measurement networks, in source identification, and in measurements of air pollution exposure. While significant efforts have been made to accurately calibrate LCS with reference instrumentation and various statistical models, accuracy and precision remain limited by variable sensor sensitivity. Furthermore, standard procedures for calibration still do not exist and most proprietary calibration algorithms are black-box, inaccessible to the public. This work seeks to expand the knowledge base on LCS in several different ways: 1) by developing an open-source calibration methodology; 2) by deploying LCS at high spatial resolution in urban environments to test their capability in measuring microscale changes in urban air pollution; 3) by connecting LCS deployments with the implementation of local mobility policies to provide policy advice on resultant changes in air quality. In a first step, it was found that LCS can be consistently calibrated with good performance against reference instrumentation using seven general steps: 1) assessing raw data distribution, 2) cleaning data, 3) flagging data, 4) model selection and tuning, 5) model validation, 6) exporting final predictions, and 7) calculating associated uncertainty. By emphasizing the need for consistent reporting of details at each step, most crucially on model selection, validation, and performance, this work pushed forward with the effort towards standardization of calibration methodologies. In addition, with the open-source publication of code and data for the seven-step methodology, advances were made towards reforming the largely black-box nature of LCS calibrations. With a transparent and reliable calibration methodology established, LCS were then deployed in various street canyons between 2017 and 2020. Using two types of LCS, metal oxide (MOS) and electrochemical (EC), their performance in capturing expected patterns of urban NO2 and O3 pollution was evaluated. Results showed that calibrated concentrations from MOS and EC sensors matched general diurnal patterns in NO2 and O3 pollution measured using reference instruments. While MOS proved to be unreliable for discerning differences among measured locations within the urban environment, the concentrations measured with calibrated EC sensors matched expectations from modelling studies on NO2 and O3 pollution distribution in street canyons. As such, it was concluded that LCS are appropriate for measuring urban air quality, including for assisting urban-scale air pollution model development, and can reveal new insights into air pollution in urban environments. To achieve the last goal of this work, two measurement campaigns were conducted in connection with the implementation of three mobility policies in Berlin. The first involved the construction of a pop-up bike lane on Kottbusser Damm in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the second surrounded the temporary implementation of a community space on B{\"o}ckhstrasse, and the last was focused on the closure of a portion of Friedrichstrasse to all motorized traffic. In all cases, measurements of NO2 were collected before and after the measure was implemented to assess changes in air quality resultant from these policies. Results from the Kottbusser Damm experiment showed that the bike-lane reduced NO2 concentrations that cyclists were exposed to by 22 ± 19\%. On Friedrichstrasse, the street closure reduced NO2 concentrations to the level of the urban background without worsening the air quality on side streets. These valuable results were communicated swiftly to partners in the city administration responsible for evaluating the policies' success and future, highlighting the ability of LCS to provide policy-relevant results. As a new technology, much is still to be learned about LCS and their value to academic research in the atmospheric sciences. Nevertheless, this work has advanced the state of the art in several ways. First, it contributed a novel open-source calibration methodology that can be used by a LCS end-users for various air pollutants. Second, it strengthened the evidence base on the reliability of LCS for measuring urban air quality, finding through novel deployments in street canyons that LCS can be used at high spatial resolution to understand microscale air pollution dynamics. Last, it is the first of its kind to connect LCS measurements directly with mobility policies to understand their influences on local air quality, resulting in policy-relevant findings valuable for decisionmakers. It serves as an example of the potential for LCS to expand our understanding of air pollution at various scales, as well as their ability to serve as valuable tools in transdisciplinary research.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Behm2019, author = {Behm, Laura Vera Johanna}, title = {Thermoresponsive Zellkultursubstrate f{\"u}r zeitlich-r{\"a}umlich gesteuertes Auswachsen neuronaler Zellen}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43619}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-436196}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {VII, 105}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Ein wichtiges Ziel der Neurowissenschaften ist das Verst{\"a}ndnis der komplexen und zugleich faszinierenden, hochgeordneten Vernetzung der Neurone im Gehirn, welche neuronalen Prozessen, wie zum Beispiel dem Wahrnehmen oder Lernen wie auch Neuropathologien zu Grunde liegt. F{\"u}r verbesserte neuronale Zellkulturmodelle zur detaillierten Untersuchung dieser Prozesse ist daher die Rekonstruktion von geordneten neuronalen Verbindungen dringend erforderlich. Mit Oberfl{\"a}chenstrukturen aus zellattraktiven und zellabweisenden Beschichtungen k{\"o}nnen neuronale Zellen und ihre Neuriten in vitro strukturiert werden. Zur Kontrolle der neuronalen Verbindungsrichtung muss das Auswachsen der Axone zu benachbarten Zellen dynamisch gesteuert werden, zum Beispiel {\"u}ber eine ver{\"a}nderliche Zug{\"a}nglichkeit der Oberfl{\"a}che. In dieser Arbeit wurde untersucht, ob mit thermoresponsiven Polymeren (TRP) beschichtete Zellkultursubstrate f{\"u}r eine dynamische Kontrolle des Auswachsens neuronaler Zellen geeignet sind. TRP k{\"o}nnen {\"u}ber die Temperatur von einem zellabweisenden in einen zellattraktiven Zustand geschaltet werden, womit die Zug{\"a}nglichkeit der Oberfl{\"a}che f{\"u}r Zellen dynamisch gesteuert werden kann. Die TRP-Beschichtung wurde mikrostrukturiert, um einzelne oder wenige neuronale Zellen zun{\"a}chst auf der Oberfl{\"a}che anzuordnen und das Auswachsen der Zellen und Neuriten {\"u}ber definierte TRP-Bereiche in Abh{\"a}ngigkeit der Temperatur zeitlich und r{\"a}umlich zu kontrollieren. Das Protokoll wurde mit der neuronalen Zelllinie SH-SY5Y etabliert und auf humane induzierte Neurone {\"u}bertragen. Die Anordnung der Zellen konnte bei Kultivierung im zellabweisenden Zustand des TRPs f{\"u}r bis zu 7 Tage aufrecht erhalten werden. Durch Schalten des TRPs in den zellattraktiven Zustand konnte das Auswachsen der Neuriten und Zellen zeitlich und r{\"a}umlich induziert werden. Immunozytochemische F{\"a}rbungen und Patch-Clamp-Ableitungen der Neurone demonstrierten die einfache Anwendbarkeit und Zellkompatibilit{\"a}t der TRP-Substrate. Eine pr{\"a}zisere r{\"a}umliche Kontrolle des Auswachsens der Zellen sollte durch lokales Schalten der TRP-Beschichtung erreicht werden. Daf{\"u}r wurden Mikroheizchips mit Mikroelektroden zur lokalen Jouleschen Erw{\"a}rmung der Substratoberfl{\"a}che entwickelt. Zur Evaluierung der generierten Temperaturprofile wurde eine Temperaturmessmethode entwickelt und die erhobenen Messwerte mit numerisch simulierten Werten abgeglichen. Die Temperaturmessmethode basiert auf einfach zu applizierenden Sol-Gel-Schichten, die den temperatursensitiven Fluoreszenzfarbstoff Rhodamin B enthalten. Sie erm{\"o}glicht oberfl{\"a}chennahe Temperaturmessungen in trockener und w{\"a}ssriger Umgebung mit hoher Orts- und Temperaturaufl{\"o}sung. Numerische Simulationen der Temperaturprofile korrelierten gut mit den experimentellen Daten. Auf dieser Basis konnten Geometrie und Material der Mikroelektroden hinsichtlich einer lokal stark begrenzten Temperierung optimiert werden. Ferner wurden f{\"u}r die Kultvierung der Zellen auf den Mikroheizchips eine Zellkulturkammer und Kontaktboard f{\"u}r die elektrische Kontaktierung der Mikroelektroden geschaffen. Die vorgestellten Ergebnisse demonstrieren erstmalig das enorme Potential thermoresponsiver Zellkultursubstrate f{\"u}r die zeitlich und r{\"a}umlich gesteuerte Formation geordneter neuronaler Verbindungen in vitro. Zuk{\"u}nftig k{\"o}nnte dies detaillierte Studien zur neuronalen Informationsverarbeitung oder zu Neuropathologien an relevanten, humanen Zellmodellen erm{\"o}glichen.}, language = {de} } @book{RaithRaaseReinhardt2011, author = {Raith, Michael M. and Raase, Peter and Reinhardt, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Leitfaden zur D{\"u}nnschliffmikroskopie}, isbn = {978-3-00-036420-4}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-bbdig-252}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {IV, 125}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @book{MuehlenkampGloeckner2010, author = {M{\"u}hlenkamp, Holger and Gl{\"o}ckner, Andreas}, title = {Rechtsvergleich kommunale Doppik}, series = {Speyerer Forschungsberichte ; 260}, journal = {Speyerer Forschungsberichte ; 260}, edition = {Repr.}, publisher = {Deutsches Forschungsinstitut f{\"u}r {\"o}ffentliche Verwaltung Speyer}, address = {Speyer}, isbn = {978-3-932112-98-0}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-bbdig-154}, pages = {Getr. Z{\"a}hlung}, year = {2010}, language = {de} } @misc{Blum2021, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Blum, Franziska}, title = {I see you smile, you must be happy! Social-emotional gains and usability evaluation of the new training tool E.V.A.: A pilot study}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-50550}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-505509}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {XIX, 80}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Emotions are a complex concept and they are present in our everyday life. Persons on the autism spectrum are said to have difficulties in social interactions, showing deficits in emotion recognition in comparison to neurotypically developed persons. But social-emotional skills are believed to be positively augmented by training. A new adaptive social cognition training tool "E.V.A." is introduced which teaches emotion recognition from face, voice and body language. One cross-sectional and one longitudinal study with adult neurotypical and autistic participants were conducted. The aim of the cross-sectional study was to characterize the two groups and see if differences in their social-emotional skills exist. The longitudinal study, on the other hand, aimed for detecting possible training effects following training with the new training tool. In addition, in both studies usability assessments were conducted to investigate the perceived usability of the new tool for neurotypical as well as autistic participants. Differences were found between autistic and neurotypical participants in their social-emotional and emotion recognition abilities. Training effects for neurotypical participants in an emotion recognition task were found after two weeks of home training. Similar perceived usability was found for the neurotypical and autistic participants. The current findings suggest that persons with ASC do not have a general deficit in emotion recognition, but are in need for more time to correctly recognize emotions. In addition, findings suggest that training emotion recognition abilities is possible. Further studies are needed to verify if the training effects found for neurotypical participants also manifest in a larger ASC sample.}, language = {en} } @techreport{OPUS4-8364, title = {Umweltdaten aus Brandenburg}, organization = {Landesumweltamt Brandenburg}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-bbdig-173}, pages = {208}, year = {2002}, language = {de} } @techreport{OPUS4-8354, title = {Kurzbericht zur Luftg{\"u}te des Jahres 2006}, series = {Materialien zur Umwelt}, journal = {Materialien zur Umwelt}, number = {1/2007}, address = {G{\"u}strow}, organization = {Landesamt f{\"u}r Umwelt, Naturschutz und Geologie Mecklenburg-Vorpommern}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-bbdig-102}, pages = {27}, year = {2007}, language = {de} } @techreport{OPUS4-8356, title = {Umweltdaten aus Brandenburg}, organization = {Landesumweltamt Brandenburg}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-bbdig-224}, pages = {204}, year = {2007}, language = {de} } @techreport{OPUS4-8359, title = {Umweltdaten aus Brandenburg}, organization = {Landesumweltamt Brandenburg}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-bbdig-216}, pages = {220}, year = {2006}, language = {de} } @book{GeissendoerferRahnStoiber2003, author = {Geißend{\"o}rfer, Manfred and Rahn, Thomas and Stoiber, Michael}, title = {Handbuch "Erfolgreiches Regionalmanagement"}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, organization = {Forschungsgruppe Agrar- und Regionalentwicklung Triesdorf}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-bbdig-60}, pages = {185}, year = {2003}, language = {de} } @book{Coppoletta2017, author = {Coppoletta, Friedmar}, title = {„Und er b{\"u}ckte sich wieder und schrieb auf die Erde"}, publisher = {Universi{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-415-9}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-402510}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2017}, abstract = {In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Funktion verschiedener Bibelbez{\"u}ge im Romanwerk Theodor Fontanes untersucht. Dabei wird die These vertreten, dass Fontanes Verweise auf biblische Texte nicht etwa bloß als theologische Positionierungen zu lesen seien, sondern dass er die Bibel als Speicher an kulturellem Wissen in Form von Narrativen, Personen, Gefl{\"u}gelten Worten etc. begreift, den er in seiner Leserschaft voraussetzen kann und durch den er Themen wie Normativit{\"a}t und Diskursivit{\"a}t mit einer besonderen Tiefe in der Spannung von Text und Pr{\"a}text verhandeln kann. Im Zentrum der Untersuchung stehen dabei Verwendungen von Bibelbez{\"u}gen als hochkommunikative Diskursschablonen f{\"u}r poetologische Selbstreflexionen sowie f{\"u}r politische oder fr{\"o}mmigkeits-praktische Kontroversen.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Hoffmann2019, author = {Hoffmann, Mathias}, title = {Improving measurement and modelling approaches of the closed chamber method to better assess dynamics and drivers of carbon based greenhouse gas emissions}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-421302}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xx, 204, xxix}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The trace gases CO2 and CH4 pertain to the most relevant greenhouse gases and are important exchange fluxes of the global carbon (C) cycle. Their atmospheric quantity increased significantly as a result of the intensification of anthropogenic activities, such as especially land-use and land-use change, since the mid of the 18th century. To mitigate global climate change and ensure food security, land-use systems need to be developed, which favor reduced trace gas emissions and a sustainable soil carbon management. This requires the accurate and precise quantification of the influence of land-use and land-use change on CO2 and CH4 emissions. A common method to determine the trace gas dynamics and C sink or source function of a particular ecosystem is the closed chamber method. This method is often used assuming that accuracy and precision are high enough to determine differences in C gas emissions for e.g., treatment comparisons or different ecosystem components. However, the broad range of different chamber designs, related operational procedures and data-processing strategies which are described in the scientific literature contribute to the overall uncertainty of closed chamber-based emission estimates. Hence, the outcomes of meta-analyses are limited, since these methodical differences hamper the comparability between studies. Thus, a standardization of closed chamber data acquisition and processing is much-needed. Within this thesis, a set of case studies were performed to: (I) develop standardized routines for an unbiased data acquisition and processing, with the aim of providing traceable, reproducible and comparable closed chamber based C emission estimates; (II) validate those routines by comparing C emissions derived using closed chambers with independent C emission estimates; and (III) reveal processes driving the spatio-temporal dynamics of C emissions by developing (data processing based) flux separation approaches. The case studies showed: (I) the importance to test chamber designs under field conditions for an appropriate sealing integrity and to ensure an unbiased flux measurement. Compared to the sealing integrity, the use of a pressure vent and fan was of minor importance, affecting mainly measurement precision; (II) that the developed standardized data processing routines proved to be a powerful and flexible tool to estimate C gas emissions and that this tool can be successfully applied on a broad range of flux data sets from very different ecosystem; (III) that automatic chamber measurements display temporal dynamics of CO2 and CH4 fluxes very well and most importantly, that they accurately detect small-scale spatial differences in the development of soil C when validated against repeated soil inventories; and (IV) that a simple algorithm to separate CH4 fluxes into ebullition and diffusion improves the identification of environmental drivers, which allows for an accurate gap-filling of measured CH4 fluxes. Overall, the proposed standardized data acquisition and processing routines strongly improved the detection accuracy and precision of source/sink patterns of gaseous C emissions. Hence, future studies, which consider the recommended improvements, will deliver valuable new data and insights to broaden our understanding of spatio-temporal C gas dynamics, their particular environmental drivers and underlying processes.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Paganini2018, author = {Paganini, Claudio Francesco}, title = {The role of trapping in black hole spacetimes}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-414686}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {v, 138}, year = {2018}, abstract = {In the here presented work we discuss a series of results that are all in one way or another connected to the phenomenon of trapping in black hole spacetimes. First we present a comprehensive review of the Kerr-Newman-Taub-NUT-de-Sitter family of black hole spacetimes and their most important properties. From there we go into a detailed analysis of the bahaviour of null geodesics in the exterior region of a sub-extremal Kerr spacetime. We show that most well known fundamental properties of null geodesics can be represented in one plot. In particular, one can see immediately that the ergoregion and trapping are separated in phase space. We then consider the sets of future/past trapped null geodesics in the exterior region of a sub-extremal Kerr-Newman-Taub-NUT spacetime. We show that from the point of view of any timelike observer outside of such a black hole, trapping can be understood as two smooth sets of spacelike directions on the celestial sphere of the observer. Therefore the topological structure of the trapped set on the celestial sphere of any observer is identical to that in Schwarzschild. We discuss how this is relevant to the black hole stability problem. In a further development of these observations we introduce the notion of what it means for the shadow of two observers to be degenerate. We show that, away from the axis of symmetry, no continuous degeneration exists between the shadows of observers at any point in the exterior region of any Kerr-Newman black hole spacetime of unit mass. Therefore, except possibly for discrete changes, an observer can, by measuring the black holes shadow, determine the angular momentum and the charge of the black hole under observation, as well as the observer's radial position and angle of elevation above the equatorial plane. Furthermore, his/her relative velocity compared to a standard observer can also be measured. On the other hand, the black hole shadow does not allow for a full parameter resolution in the case of a Kerr-Newman-Taub-NUT black hole, as a continuous degeneration relating specific angular momentum, electric charge, NUT charge and elevation angle exists in this case. We then use the celestial sphere to show that trapping is a generic feature of any black hole spacetime. In the last chapter we then prove a generalization of the mode stability result of Whiting (1989) for the Teukolsky equation for the case of real frequencies. The main result of the last chapter states that a separated solution of the Teukolsky equation governing massless test fields on the Kerr spacetime, which is purely outgoing at infinity, and purely ingoing at the horizon, must vanish. This has the consequence, that for real frequencies, there are linearly independent fundamental solutions of the radial Teukolsky equation which are purely ingoing at the horizon, and purely outgoing at infinity, respectively. This fact yields a representation formula for solutions of the inhomogenous Teukolsky equation, and was recently used by Shlapentokh-Rothman (2015) for the scalar wave equation.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Welsch2022, author = {Welsch, Maryna}, title = {Investigation of the stress tolerance regulatory network integration of the NAC transcription factor JUNGBRUNNEN1 (JUB1)}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-54731}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-547310}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {XIII, 116}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The NAC transcription factor (TF) JUNGBRUNNEN1 (JUB1) is an important negative regulator of plant senescence, as well as of gibberellic acid (GA) and brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Overexpression of JUB1 promotes longevity and enhances tolerance to drought and other abiotic stresses. A similar role of JUB1 has been observed in other plant species, including tomato and banana. Our data show that JUB1 overexpressors (JUB1-OXs) accumulate higher levels of proline than WT plants under control conditions, during the onset of drought stress, and thereafter. We identified that overexpression of JUB1 induces key proline biosynthesis and suppresses key proline degradation genes. Furthermore, bZIP63, the transcription factor involved in proline metabolism, was identified as a novel downstream target of JUB1 by Yeast One-Hybrid (Y1H) analysis and Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). However, based on Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA), direct binding of JUB1 to bZIP63 could not be confirmed. Our data indicate that JUB1-OX plants exhibit reduced stomatal conductance under control conditions. However, selective overexpression of JUB1 in guard cells did not improve drought stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. Moreover, the drought-tolerant phenotype of JUB1 overexpressors does not solely depend on the transcriptional control of the DREB2A gene. Thus, our data suggest that JUB1 confers tolerance to drought stress by regulating multiple components. Until today, none of the previous studies on JUB1´s regulatory network focused on identifying protein-protein interactions. We, therefore, performed a yeast two-hybrid screen (Y2H) which identified several protein interactors of JUB1, two of which are the calcium-binding proteins CaM1 and CaM4. Both proteins interact with JUB1 in the nucleus of Arabidopsis protoplasts. Moreover, JUB1 is expressed with CaM1 and CaM4 under the same conditions. Since CaM1.1 and CaM4.1 encode proteins with identical amino acid sequences, all further experiments were performed with constructs involving the CaM4 coding sequence. Our data show that JUB1 harbors multiple CaM-binding sites, which are localized in both the N-terminal and C-terminal regions of the protein. One of the CaM-binding sites, localized in the DNA-binding domain of JUB1, was identified as a functional CaM-binding site since its mutation strongly reduced the binding of CaM4 to JUB1. Furthermore, JUB1 transactivates expression of the stress-related gene DREB2A in mesophyll cells; this effect is significantly reduced when the calcium-binding protein CaM4 is expressed as well. Overexpression of both genes in Arabidopsis results in early senescence observed through lower chlorophyll content and an enhanced expression of senescence-associated genes (SAGs) when compared with single JUB1 overexpressors. Our data also show that JUB1 and CaM4 proteins interact in senescent leaves, which have increased Ca2+ levels when compared to young leaves. Collectively, our data indicate that JUB1 activity towards its downstream targets is fine-tuned by calcium-binding proteins during leaf senescence.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Kunkel2023, author = {Kunkel, Stefanie}, title = {Green industry through industry 4.0? Expected and observed effects of digitalisation in industry for environmental sustainability}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-61395}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-613954}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {vii, 168}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Digitalisation in industry - also called "Industry 4.0" - is seen by numerous actors as an opportunity to reduce the environmental impact of the industrial sector. The scientific assessments of the effects of digitalisation in industry on environmental sustainability, however, are ambivalent. This cumulative dissertation uses three empirical studies to examine the expected and observed effects of digitalisation in industry on environmental sustainability. The aim of this dissertation is to identify opportunities and risks of digitalisation at different system levels and to derive options for action in politics and industry for a more sustainable design of digitalisation in industry. I use an interdisciplinary, socio-technical approach and look at selected countries of the Global South (Study 1) and the example of China (all studies). In the first study (section 2, joint work with Marcel Matthess), I use qualitative content analysis to examine digital and industrial policies from seven different countries in Africa and Asia for expectations regarding the impact of digitalisation on sustainability and compare these with the potentials of digitalisation for sustainability in the respective country contexts. The analysis reveals that the documents express a wide range of vague expectations that relate more to positive indirect impacts of information and communication technology (ICT) use, such as improved energy efficiency and resource management, and less to negative direct impacts of ICT, such as electricity consumption through ICT. In the second study (section 3, joint work with Marcel Matthess, Grischa Beier and Bing Xue), I conduct and analyse interviews with 18 industry representatives of the electronics industry from Europe, Japan and China on digitalisation measures in supply chains using qualitative content analysis. I find that while there are positive expectations regarding the effects of digital technologies on supply chain sustainability, their actual use and observable effects are still limited. Interview partners can only provide few examples from their own companies which show that sustainability goals have already been pursued through digitalisation of the supply chain or where sustainability effects, such as resource savings, have been demonstrably achieved. In the third study (section 4, joint work with Peter Neuh{\"a}usler, Melissa Dachrodt and Marcel Matthess), I conduct an econometric panel data analysis. I examine the relationship between the degree of Industry 4.0, energy consumption and energy intensity in ten manufacturing sectors in China between 2006 and 2019. The results suggest that overall, there is no significant relationship between the degree of Industry 4.0 and energy consumption or energy intensity in manufacturing sectors in China. However, differences can be found in subgroups of sectors. I find a negative correlation of Industry 4.0 and energy intensity in highly digitalised sectors, indicating an efficiency-enhancing effect of Industry 4.0 in these sectors. On the other hand, there is a positive correlation of Industry 4.0 and energy consumption for sectors with low energy consumption, which could be explained by the fact that digitalisation, such as the automation of previously mainly labour-intensive sectors, requires energy and also induces growth effects. In the discussion section (section 6) of this dissertation, I use the classification scheme of the three levels macro, meso and micro, as well as of direct and indirect environmental effects to classify the empirical observations into opportunities and risks, for example, with regard to the probability of rebound effects of digitalisation at the three levels. I link the investigated actor perspectives (policy makers, industry representatives), statistical data and additional literature across the system levels and consider political economy aspects to suggest fields of action for more sustainable (digitalised) industries. The dissertation thus makes two overarching contributions to the academic and societal discourse. First, my three empirical studies expand the limited state of research at the interface between digitalisation in industry and sustainability, especially by considering selected countries in the Global South and the example of China. Secondly, exploring the topic through data and methods from different disciplinary contexts and taking a socio-technical point of view, enables an analysis of (path) dependencies, uncertainties, and interactions in the socio-technical system across different system levels, which have often not been sufficiently considered in previous studies. The dissertation thus aims to create a scientifically and practically relevant knowledge basis for a value-guided, sustainability-oriented design of digitalisation in industry.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{IlićPetković2023, author = {Ilić Petković, Nikoleta}, title = {Stars under influence: evidence of tidal interactions between stars and substellar companions}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-61597}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-615972}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xi, 137}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Tidal interactions occur between gravitationally bound astrophysical bodies. If their spatial separation is sufficiently small, the bodies can induce tides on each other, leading to angular momentum transfer and altering of evolutionary path the bodies would have followed if they were single objects. The tidal processes are well established in the Solar planet-moon systems and close stellar binary systems. However, how do stars behave if they are orbited by a substellar companion (e.g. a planet or a brown dwarf) on a tight orbit? Typically, a substellar companion inside the corotation radius of a star will migrate toward the star as it loses orbital angular momentum. On the other hand, the star will gain angular momentum which has the potential to increase its rotation rate. The effect should be more pronounced if the substellar companion is more massive. As the stellar rotation rate and the magnetic activity level are coupled, the star should appear more magnetically active under the tidal influence of the orbiting substellar companion. However, the difficulty in proving that a star has a higher magnetic activity level due to tidal interactions lies in the fact that (I) substellar companions around active stars are easier to detect if they are more massive, leading to a bias toward massive companions around active stars and mimicking the tidal interaction effect, and that (II) the age of a main-sequence star cannot be easily determined, leaving the possibility that a star is more active due to its young age. In our work, we overcome these issues by employing wide stellar binary systems where one star hosts a substellar companion, and where the other star provides the magnetic activity baseline for the host star, assuming they have coevolved, and thereby provides the host's activity level if tidal interactions have no effect on it. Firstly, we find that extrasolar planets can noticeably increase the host star's X-ray luminosity and that the effect is more pronounced if the exoplanet is at least Jupiter-like in mass and close to the star. Further, we find that a brown dwarf will have an even stronger effect, as expected, and that the X-ray surface flux difference between the host star and the wide stellar companion is a significant outlier when compared to a large sample of similar wide binary systems without any known substellar companions. This result proves that substellar hosting wide binary systems can be good tools to reveal the tidal effect on host stars, and also show that the typical stellar age indicators as activity or rotation cannot be used for these stars. Finally, knowing that the activity difference is a good tracer of the substellar companion's tidal impact, we develop an analytical method to calculate the modified tidal quality factor Q' of individual host stars, which defines the tidal dissipation efficiency in the convective envelope of a given main-sequence star.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Leins2023, author = {Leins, Johannes A.}, title = {Combining model detail with large scales}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-58283}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-582837}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xv, 168}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The global climate crisis is significantly contributing to changing ecosystems, loss of biodiversity and is putting numerous species on the verge of extinction. In principle, many species are able to adapt to changing conditions or shift their habitats to more suitable regions. However, change is progressing faster than some species can adjust, or potential adaptation is blocked and disrupted by direct and indirect human action. Unsustainable anthropogenic land use in particular is one of the driving factors, besides global heating, for these ecologically critical developments. Precisely because land use is anthropogenic, it is also a factor that could be quickly and immediately corrected by human action. In this thesis, I therefore assess the impact of three climate change scenarios of increasing intensity in combination with differently scheduled mowing regimes on the long-term development and dispersal success of insects in Northwest German grasslands. The large marsh grasshopper (LMG, Stethophyma grossum, Linn{\´e} 1758) is used as a species of reference for the analyses. It inhabits wet meadows and marshes and has a limited, yet fairly good ability to disperse. Mowing and climate conditions affect the development and mortality of the LMG differently depending on its life stage. The specifically developed simulation model HiLEG (High-resolution Large Environmental Gradient) serves as a tool for investigating and projecting viability and dispersal success under different climate conditions and land use scenarios. It is a spatially explicit, stage- and cohort-based model that can be individually configured to represent the life cycle and characteristics of terrestrial insect species, as well as high-resolution environmental data and the occurrence of external disturbances. HiLEG is a freely available and adjustable software that can be used to support conservation planning in cultivated grasslands. In the three case studies of this thesis, I explore various aspects related to the structure of simulation models per se, their importance in conservation planning in general, and insights regarding the LMG in particular. It became apparent that the detailed resolution of model processes and components is crucial to project the long-term effect of spatially and temporally confined events. Taking into account conservation measures at the regional level has further proven relevant, especially in light of the climate crisis. I found that the LMG is benefiting from global warming in principle, but continues to be constrained by harmful mowing regimes. Land use measures could, however, be adapted in such a way that they allow the expansion and establishment of the LMG without overly affecting agricultural yields. Overall, simulation models like HiLEG can make an important contribution and add value to conservation planning and policy-making. Properly used, simulation results shed light on aspects that might be overlooked by subjective judgment and the experience of individual stakeholders. Even though it is in the nature of models that they are subject to limitations and only represent fragments of reality, this should not keep stakeholders from using them, as long as these limitations are clearly communicated. Similar to HiLEG, models could further be designed in such a way that not only the parameterization can be adjusted as required, but also the implementation itself can be improved and changed as desired. This openness and flexibility should become more widespread in the development of simulation models.}, language = {en} }