@article{WagnerHofmannMaass2020,
  author    = {Wagner, Birgit and Hofmann, Laura and Maaß, Ulrike},
  title     = {Online-group intervention after suicide bereavement through the use of webinars},
  series = {Trials},
  volume    = {21},
  journal   = {Trials},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {BioMed Central},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1468-6694},
  doi       = {10.1186/s13063-019-3891-5},
  pages     = {13},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Introduction: The death of a significant person through suicide is a very difficult experience and can have long-term impact on an individual's psychosocial and physical functioning. However, there are only few studies that have examined the effects of interventions in suicide survivors. In the present study, we examine an online-group intervention for people bereaved by suicide using a group-webinar. Methods: The intervention was developed based on focus groups with the target group. The cognitive-behavioral 12-module webinar-based group intervention focuses on suicide bereavement-related themes such as feelings of guilt, stigmatization, meaning reconstruction and the relationship to the deceased. Further, the webinar includes testimonial videos and psychoeducation. The suicide survivors are randomized to the intervention or the waiting list in a group-cluster randomized controlled trial. Primary outcomes are suicidality (Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation) and depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II) and secondary outcomes are symptoms of prolonged grief disorder (Inventory of Complicated Grief-German Version ), posttraumatic stress disorder ( Revised Impact of Event Scale ), stigmatization (Stigma of Suicide and Suicide Survivor ) and posttraumatic cognitions (Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory). Discussion: Previous studies of Internet-based interventions for the bereaved were based on writing interventions showing large treatment effects. Little is known about the use of webinars as group interventions. Advantages and challenges of this novel approach of psychological interventions will be discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MaassHofmannPerlingeretal.2020,
  author    = {Maaß, Ulrike and Hofmann, Laura and Perlinger, Julia and Wagner, Birgit},
  title     = {Effects of bereavement groups-a systematic review and meta-analysis},
  series = {Death studies},
  volume    = {46},
  journal   = {Death studies},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {0748-1187},
  doi       = {10.1080/07481187.2020.1772410},
  pages     = {708 -- 718},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {This review summarizes the evidence of bereavement groups for symptoms of grief and depression. The literature search using Web of Science, EBSCO, PubMed, CINAHL, and MEDLINE yielded 14 studies (N = 1519) meeting the inclusion criteria (i.e., randomized-controlled trials, bereaved adults, bereavement group, validated measures). Overall, bereavement groups were marginally more effective than control groups post-treatment (gG = 0.33, gD = 0.22) but not at follow-up. Although tertiary interventions yielded larger effect sizes than secondary interventions, the difference was not significant. The results imply that the evidence for bereavement groups is weak, although the large heterogeneity of concepts for intervention and control groups limits the generalizability.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WagnerRosenbergHofmannetal.2020,
  author    = {Wagner, Birgit and Rosenberg, Nicole and Hofmann, Laura and Maaß, Ulrike},
  title     = {Web-based bereavement care},
  series = {Frontiers in psychiatry},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Frontiers in psychiatry},
  publisher = {Frontiers Media},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {1664-0640},
  doi       = {10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00525},
  pages     = {13},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Background: Web-based interventions have been introduced as novel and effective treatments for mental disorders and, in recent years, specifically for the bereaved. However, a systematic summary of the effectiveness of online interventions for people experiencing bereavement is still missing. Objective: A systematic literature search was conducted by four reviewers who reviewed and meta-analytically summarized the evidence for web-based interventions for bereaved people. Methods: Systematic searches (PubMed, Web of Science, PsycInfo, PsycArticles, Medline, and CINAHL) resulted in seven randomized controlled trials (N= 1,257) that addressed adults having experienced bereavement using internet-based interventions. We used random effects models to summarize treatment effects for between-group comparisons (treatmentvs.control at post) and stability over time (postvs.follow-up). Results: All web-based interventions were based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). In comparison with control groups, the interventions showed moderate (g= .54) to large effects (g= .86) for symptoms of grief and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), respectively. The effect for depression was small (g= .44). All effects were stable over time. A higher number of treatment sessions achieved higher effects for grief symptoms and more individual feedback increased effects for depression. Other moderators (i.e.dropout rate, time since loss, exposure) did not significantly reduce moderate degrees of heterogeneity between the studies. Limitations: The number of includable studies was low in this review resulting to lower power for moderator analyses in particular. Conclusions: Overall, the results of web-based bereavement interventions are promising, and its low-threshold approach might reduce barriers to bereavement care. Nonetheless, future research should further examine potential moderators and specific treatment components (e.g.exposure, feedback) and compare interventions with active controls.},
  language  = {en}
}