@article{TaalStPourcainThieringetal.2012, author = {Taal, H. Rob and St Pourcain, Beate and Thiering, Elisabeth and Das, Shikta and Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O. and Warrington, Nicole M. and Kaakinen, Marika and Kreiner-Moller, Eskil and Bradfield, Jonathan P. and Freathy, Rachel M. and Geller, Frank and Guxens, Monica and Cousminer, Diana L. and Kerkhof, Marjan and Timpson, Nicholas J. and Ikram, M. Arfan and Beilin, Lawrence J. and Bonnelykke, Klaus and Buxton, Jessica L. and Charoen, Pimphen and Chawes, Bo Lund Krogsgaard and Eriksson, Johan and Evans, David M. and Hofman, Albert and Kemp, John P. and Kim, Cecilia E. and Klopp, Norman and Lahti, Jari and Lye, Stephen J. and McMahon, George and Mentch, Frank D. and Mueller-Nurasyid, Martina and O'Reilly, Paul F. and Prokopenko, Inga and Rivadeneira, Fernando and Steegers, Eric A. P. and Sunyer, Jordi and Tiesler, Carla and Yaghootkar, Hanieh and Breteler, Monique M. B. and Debette, Stephanie and Fornage, Myriam and Gudnason, Vilmundur and Launer, Lenore J. and van der Lugt, Aad and Mosley, Thomas H. and Seshadri, Sudha and Smith, Albert V. and Vernooij, Meike W. and Blakemore, Alexandra I. F. and Chiavacci, Rosetta M. and Feenstra, Bjarke and Fernandez-Banet, Julio and Grant, Struan F. A. and Hartikainen, Anna-Liisa and van der Heijden, Albert J. and Iniguez, Carmen and Lathrop, Mark and McArdle, Wendy L. and Molgaard, Anne and Newnham, John P. and Palmer, Lyle J. and Palotie, Aarno and Pouta, Annneli and Ring, Susan M. and Sovio, Ulla and Standl, Marie and Uitterlinden, Andre G. and Wichmann, H-Erich and Vissing, Nadja Hawwa and DeCarli, Charles and van Duijn, Cornelia M. and McCarthy, Mark I. and Koppelman, Gerard H. and Estivill, Xavier and Hattersley, Andrew T. and Melbye, Mads and Bisgaard, Hans and Pennell, Craig E. and Widen, Elisabeth and Hakonarson, Hakon and Smith, George Davey and Heinrich, Joachim and Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta and Jaddoe, Vincent W. V. and Adair, Linda S. and Ang, Wei and Atalay, Mustafa and van Beijsterveldt, Toos and Bergen, Nienke and Benke, Kelly and Berry, Diane J. and Bradfield, Jonathan P. and Charoen, Pimphen and Coin, Lachlan and Cousminer, Diana L. and Das, Shikta and Davis, Oliver S. P. and Elliott, Paul and Evans, David M. and Feenstra, Bjarke and Flexeder, Claudia and Frayling, Tim and Freathy, Rachel M. and Gaillard, Romy and Geller, Frank and Groen-Blokhuis, Maria and Goh, Liang-Kee and Guxens, Monica and Haworth, Claire M. A. and Hadley, Dexter and Hebebrand, Johannes and Hinney, Anke and Hirschhorn, Joel N. and Holloway, John W. and Holst, Claus and Hottenga, Jouke Jan and Horikoshi, Momoko and Huikari, Ville and Hypponen, Elina and Iniguez, Carmen and Kaakinen, Marika and Kilpelainen, Tuomas O. and Kirin, Mirna and Kowgier, Matthew and Lakka, Hanna-Maaria and Lange, Leslie A. and Lawlor, Debbie A. and Lehtimaki, Terho and Lewin, Alex and Lindgren, Cecilia and Lindi, Virpi and Maggi, Reedik and Marsh, Julie and Middeldorp, Christel and Millwood, Iona and Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O. and Murray, Jeffrey C. and Nivard, Michel and Nohr, Ellen Aagaard and Ntalla, Ioanna and Oken, Emily and O'Reilly, Paul F. and Palmer, Lyle J. and Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope and Pararajasingham, Jennifer and Prokopenko, Inga and Rodriguez, Alina and Salem, Rany M. and Sebert, Sylvain and Siitonen, Niina and Sovio, Ulla and St Pourcain, Beate and Strachan, David P. and Sunyer, Jordi and Taal, H. Rob and Teo, Yik-Ying and Thiering, Elisabeth and Tiesler, Carla and Uitterlinden, Andre G. and Valcarcel, Beatriz and Warrington, Nicole M. and White, Scott and Willemsen, Gonneke and Yaghootkar, Hanieh and Zeggini, Eleftheria and Boomsma, Dorret I. and Cooper, Cyrus and Estivill, Xavier and Gillman, Matthew and Grant, Struan F. A. and Hakonarson, Hakon and Hattersley, Andrew T. and Heinrich, Joachim and Hocher, Berthold and Jaddoe, Vincent W. V. and Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta and Lakka, Timo A. and McCarthy, Mark I. and Melbye, Mads and Mohlke, Karen L. and Dedoussis, George V. and Ong, Ken K. and Pearson, Ewan R. and Pennell, Craig E. and Price, Thomas S. and Power, Chris and Raitakari, Olli T. and Saw, Seang-Mei and Scherag, Andre and Simell, Olli and Sorensen, Thorkild I. A. and Timpson, Nicholas J. and Widen, Elisabeth and Wilson, James F. and Ang, Wei and van Beijsterveldt, Toos and Bergen, Nienke and Benke, Kelly and Berry, Diane J. and Bradfield, Jonathan P. and Charoen, Pimphen and Coin, Lachlan and Cousminer, Diana L. and Das, Shikta and Elliott, Paul and Evans, David M. and Frayling, Tim and Freathy, Rachel M. and Gaillard, Romy and Groen-Blokhuis, Maria and Guxens, Monica and Hadley, Dexter and Hottenga, Jouke Jan and Huikari, Ville and Hypponen, Elina and Kaakinen, Marika and Kowgier, Matthew and Lawlor, Debbie A. and Lewin, Alex and Lindgren, Cecilia and Marsh, Julie and Middeldorp, Christel and Millwood, Iona and Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O. and Nivard, Michel and O'Reilly, Paul F. and Palmer, Lyle J. and Prokopenko, Inga and Rodriguez, Alina and Sebert, Sylvain and Sovio, Ulla and St Pourcain, Beate and Standl, Marie and Strachan, David P. and Sunyer, Jordi and Taal, H. Rob and Thiering, Elisabeth and Tiesler, Carla and Uitterlinden, Andre G. and Valcarcel, Beatriz and Warrington, Nicole M. and White, Scott and Willemsen, Gonneke and Yaghootkar, Hanieh and Boomsma, Dorret I. and Estivill, Xavier and Grant, Struan F. A. and Hakonarson, Hakon and Hattersley, Andrew T. and Heinrich, Joachim and Jaddoe, Vincent W. V. and Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta and McCarthy, Mark I. and Pennell, Craig E. and Power, Chris and Timpson, Nicholas J. and Widen, Elisabeth and Ikram, M. Arfan and Fornage, Myriam and Smith, Albert V. and Seshadri, Sudha and Schmidt, Reinhold and Debette, Stephanie and Vrooman, Henri A. and Sigurdsson, Sigurdur and Ropele, Stefan and Coker, Laura H. and Longstreth, W. T. and Niessen, Wiro J. and DeStefano, Anita L. and Beiser, Alexa and Zijdenbos, Alex P. and Struchalin, Maksim and Jack, Clifford R. and Nalls, Mike A. and Au, Rhoda and Hofman, Albert and Gudnason, Haukur and van der Lugt, Aad and Harris, Tamara B. and Meeks, William M. and Vernooij, Meike W. and van Buchem, Mark A. and Catellier, Diane and Gudnason, Vilmundur and Windham, B. Gwen and Wolf, Philip A. and van Duijn, Cornelia M. and Mosley, Thomas H. and Schmidt, Helena and Launer, Lenore J. and Breteler, Monique M. B. and DeCarli, Charles}, title = {Common variants at 12q15 and 12q24 are associated with infant head circumference}, series = {Nature genetics}, volume = {44}, journal = {Nature genetics}, number = {5}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {New York}, organization = {Cohorts Heart Aging Res Genetic Ep, Early Genetics Lifecourse Epidemio, Early Growth Genetics EGG Consorti}, issn = {1061-4036}, doi = {10.1038/ng.2238}, pages = {532 -- +}, year = {2012}, abstract = {To identify genetic variants associated with head circumference in infancy, we performed a meta-analysis of seven genome-wide association studies (GWAS) (N = 10,768 individuals of European ancestry enrolled in pregnancy and/or birth cohorts) and followed up three lead signals in six replication studies (combined N = 19,089). rs7980687 on chromosome 12q24 (P = 8.1 x 10(-9)) and rs1042725 on chromosome 12q15 (P = 2.8 x 10(-10)) were robustly associated with head circumference in infancy. Although these loci have previously been associated with adult height(1), their effects on infant head circumference were largely independent of height (P = 3.8 x 10(-7) for rs7980687 and P = 1.3 x 10(-7) for rs1042725 after adjustment for infant height). A third signal, rs11655470 on chromosome 17q21, showed suggestive evidence of association with head circumference (P = 3.9 x 10(-6)). SNPs correlated to the 17q21 signal have shown genome-wide association with adult intracranial volume(2), Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases(3-5), indicating that a common genetic variant in this region might link early brain growth with neurological disease in later life.}, language = {en} } @article{IkramFornageSmithetal.2012, author = {Ikram, M. Arfan and Fornage, Myriam and Smith, Albert V. and Seshadri, Sudha and Schmidt, Reinhold and Debette, Stephanie and Vrooman, Henri A. and Sigurdsson, Sigurdur and Ropele, Stefan and Taal, H. Rob and Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O. and Coker, Laura H. and Longstreth, W. T. and Niessen, Wiro J. and DeStefano, Anita L. and Beiser, Alexa and Zijdenbos, Alex P. and Struchalin, Maksim and Jack, Clifford R. and Rivadeneira, Fernando and Uitterlinden, Andre G. and Knopman, David S. and Hartikainen, Anna-Liisa and Pennell, Craig E. and Thiering, Elisabeth and Steegers, Eric A. P. and Hakonarson, Hakon and Heinrich, Joachim and Palmer, Lyle J. and Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta and McCarthy, Mark I. and Grant, Struan F. A. and St Pourcain, Beate and Timpson, Nicholas J. and Smith, George Davey and Sovio, Ulla and Nalls, Mike A. and Au, Rhoda and Hofman, Albert and Gudnason, Haukur and van der Lugt, Aad and Harris, Tamara B. and Meeks, William M. and Vernooij, Meike W. and van Buchem, Mark A. and Catellier, Diane and Jaddoe, Vincent W. V. and Gudnason, Vilmundur and Windham, B. Gwen and Wolf, Philip A. and van Duijn, Cornelia M. and Mosley, Thomas H. and Schmidt, Helena and Launer, Lenore J. and Breteler, Monique M. B. and DeCarli, Charles and Adair, Linda S. and Ang, Wei and Atalay, Mustafa and vanBeijsterveldt, Toos and Bergen, Nienke and Benke, Kelly and Berry, Diane J. and Coin, Lachlan and Davis, Oliver S. P. and Elliott, Paul and Flexeder, Claudia and Frayling, Tim and Gaillard, Romy and Groen-Blokhuis, Maria and Goh, Liang-Kee and Haworth, Claire M. A. and Hadley, Dexter and Hebebrand, Johannes and Hinney, Anke and Hirschhorn, Joel N. and Holloway, John W. and Holst, Claus and Hottenga, Jouke Jan and Horikoshi, Momoko and Huikari, Ville and Hypponen, Elina and Kilpelainen, Tuomas O. and Kirin, Mirna and Kowgier, Matthew and Lakka, Hanna-Maaria and Lange, Leslie A. and Lawlor, Debbie A. and Lehtimaki, Terho and Lewin, Alex and Lindgren, Cecilia and Lindi, Virpi and Maggi, Reedik and Marsh, Julie and Middeldorp, Christel and Millwood, Iona and Murray, Jeffrey C. and Nivard, Michel and Nohr, Ellen Aagaard and Ntalla, Ioanna and Oken, Emily and Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope and Pararajasingham, Jennifer and Rodriguez, Alina and Salem, Rany M. and Sebert, Sylvain and Siitonen, Niina and Strachan, David P. and Teo, Yik-Ying and Valcarcel, Beatriz and Willemsen, Gonneke and Zeggini, Eleftheria and Boomsma, Dorret I. and Cooper, Cyrus and Gillman, Matthew and Hocher, Berthold and Lakka, Timo A. and Mohlke, Karen L. and Dedoussis, George V. and Ong, Ken K. and Pearson, Ewan R. and Price, Thomas S. and Power, Chris and Raitakari, Olli T. and Saw, Seang-Mei and Scherag, Andre and Simell, Olli and Sorensen, Thorkild I. A. and Wilson, James F.}, title = {Common variants at 6q22 and 17q21 are associated with intracranial volume}, series = {Nature genetics}, volume = {44}, journal = {Nature genetics}, number = {5}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {New York}, organization = {Early Growth Genetics EGG Consorti, Cohorts Heart Aging Res Genomic Ep}, issn = {1061-4036}, doi = {10.1038/ng.2245}, pages = {539 -- +}, year = {2012}, abstract = {During aging, intracranial volume remains unchanged and represents maximally attained brain size, while various interacting biological phenomena lead to brain volume loss. Consequently, intracranial volume and brain volume in late life reflect different genetic influences. Our genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 8,175 community-dwelling elderly persons did not reveal any associations at genome-wide significance (P < 5 x 10(-8)) for brain volume. In contrast, intracranial volume was significantly associated with two loci: rs4273712 (P = 3.4 x 10(-11)), a known height-associated locus on chromosome 6q22, and rs9915547 (P = 1.5 x 10(-12)), localized to the inversion on chromosome 17q21. We replicated the associations of these loci with intracranial volume in a separate sample of 1,752 elderly persons (P = 1.1 x 10(-3) for 6q22 and 1.2 x 10(-3) for 17q21). Furthermore, we also found suggestive associations of the 17q21 locus with head circumference in 10,768 children (mean age of 14.5 months). Our data identify two loci associated with head size, with the inversion at 17q21 also likely to be involved in attaining maximal brain size.}, language = {en} } @article{WuttkeLiLietal.2019, author = {Wuttke, Matthias and Li, Yong and Li, Man and Sieber, Karsten B. and Feitosa, Mary F. and Gorski, Mathias and Tin, Adrienne and Wang, Lihua and Chu, Audrey Y. and Hoppmann, Anselm and Kirsten, Holger and Giri, Ayush and Chai, Jin-Fang and Sveinbjornsson, Gardar and Tayo, Bamidele O. and Nutile, Teresa and Fuchsberger, Christian and Marten, Jonathan and Cocca, Massimiliano and Ghasemi, Sahar and Xu, Yizhe and Horn, Katrin and Noce, Damia and Van der Most, Peter J. and Sedaghat, Sanaz and Yu, Zhi and Akiyama, Masato and Afaq, Saima and Ahluwalia, Tarunveer Singh and Almgren, Peter and Amin, Najaf and Arnlov, Johan and Bakker, Stephan J. L. and Bansal, Nisha and Baptista, Daniela and Bergmann, Sven and Biggs, Mary L. and Biino, Ginevra and Boehnke, Michael and Boerwinkle, Eric and Boissel, Mathilde and B{\"o}ttinger, Erwin and Boutin, Thibaud S. and Brenner, Hermann and Brumat, Marco and Burkhardt, Ralph and Butterworth, Adam S. and Campana, Eric and Campbell, Archie and Campbell, Harry and Canouil, Mickael and Carroll, Robert J. and Catamo, Eulalia and Chambers, John C. and Chee, Miao-Ling and Chee, Miao-Li and Chen, Xu and Cheng, Ching-Yu and Cheng, Yurong and Christensen, Kaare and Cifkova, Renata and Ciullo, Marina and Concas, Maria Pina and Cook, James P. and Coresh, Josef and Corre, Tanguy and Sala, Cinzia Felicita and Cusi, Daniele and Danesh, John and Daw, E. Warwick and De Borst, Martin H. and De Grandi, Alessandro and De Mutsert, Renee and De Vries, Aiko P. J. and Degenhardt, Frauke and Delgado, Graciela and Demirkan, Ayse and Di Angelantonio, Emanuele and Dittrich, Katalin and Divers, Jasmin and Dorajoo, Rajkumar and Eckardt, Kai-Uwe and Ehret, Georg and Elliott, Paul and Endlich, Karlhans and Evans, Michele K. and Felix, Janine F. and Foo, Valencia Hui Xian and Franco, Oscar H. and Franke, Andre and Freedman, Barry I. and Freitag-Wolf, Sandra and Friedlander, Yechiel and Froguel, Philippe and Gansevoort, Ron T. and Gao, He and Gasparini, Paolo and Gaziano, J. Michael and Giedraitis, Vilmantas and Gieger, Christian and Girotto, Giorgia and Giulianini, Franco and Gogele, Martin and Gordon, Scott D. and Gudbjartsson, Daniel F. and Gudnason, Vilmundur and Haller, Toomas and Hamet, Pavel and Harris, Tamara B. and Hartman, Catharina A. and Hayward, Caroline and Hellwege, Jacklyn N. and Heng, Chew-Kiat and Hicks, Andrew A. and Hofer, Edith and Huang, Wei and Hutri-Kahonen, Nina and Hwang, Shih-Jen and Ikram, M. Arfan and Indridason, Olafur S. and Ingelsson, Erik and Ising, Marcus and Jaddoe, Vincent W. V. and Jakobsdottir, Johanna and Jonas, Jost B. and Joshi, Peter K. and Josyula, Navya Shilpa and Jung, Bettina and Kahonen, Mika and Kamatani, Yoichiro and Kammerer, Candace M. and Kanai, Masahiro and Kastarinen, Mika and Kerr, Shona M. and Khor, Chiea-Chuen and Kiess, Wieland and Kleber, Marcus E. and Koenig, Wolfgang and Kooner, Jaspal S. and Korner, Antje and Kovacs, Peter and Kraja, Aldi T. and Krajcoviechova, Alena and Kramer, Holly and Kramer, Bernhard K. and Kronenberg, Florian and Kubo, Michiaki and Kuhnel, Brigitte and Kuokkanen, Mikko and Kuusisto, Johanna and La Bianca, Martina and Laakso, Markku and Lange, Leslie A. and Langefeld, Carl D. and Lee, Jeannette Jen-Mai and Lehne, Benjamin and Lehtimaki, Terho and Lieb, Wolfgang and Lim, Su-Chi and Lind, Lars and Lindgren, Cecilia M. and Liu, Jun and Liu, Jianjun and Loeffler, Markus and Loos, Ruth J. F. and Lucae, Susanne and Lukas, Mary Ann and Lyytikainen, Leo-Pekka and Magi, Reedik and Magnusson, Patrik K. E. and Mahajan, Anubha and Martin, Nicholas G. and Martins, Jade and Marz, Winfried and Mascalzoni, Deborah and Matsuda, Koichi and Meisinger, Christa and Meitinger, Thomas and Melander, Olle and Metspalu, Andres and Mikaelsdottir, Evgenia K. and Milaneschi, Yuri and Miliku, Kozeta and Mishra, Pashupati P. and Program, V. A. Million Veteran and Mohlke, Karen L. and Mononen, Nina and Montgomery, Grant W. and Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O. and Mychaleckyj, Josyf C. and Nadkarni, Girish N. and Nalls, Mike A. and Nauck, Matthias and Nikus, Kjell and Ning, Boting and Nolte, Ilja M. and Noordam, Raymond and Olafsson, Isleifur and Oldehinkel, Albertine J. and Orho-Melander, Marju and Ouwehand, Willem H. and Padmanabhan, Sandosh and Palmer, Nicholette D. and Palsson, Runolfur and Penninx, Brenda W. J. H. and Perls, Thomas and Perola, Markus and Pirastu, Mario and Pirastu, Nicola and Pistis, Giorgio and Podgornaia, Anna I. and Polasek, Ozren and Ponte, Belen and Porteous, David J. and Poulain, Tanja and Pramstaller, Peter P. and Preuss, Michael H. and Prins, Bram P. and Province, Michael A. and Rabelink, Ton J. and Raffield, Laura M. and Raitakari, Olli T. and Reilly, Dermot F. and Rettig, Rainer and Rheinberger, Myriam and Rice, Kenneth M. and Ridker, Paul M. and Rivadeneira, Fernando and Rizzi, Federica and Roberts, David J. and Robino, Antonietta and Rossing, Peter and Rudan, Igor and Rueedi, Rico and Ruggiero, Daniela and Ryan, Kathleen A. and Saba, Yasaman and Sabanayagam, Charumathi and Salomaa, Veikko and Salvi, Erika and Saum, Kai-Uwe and Schmidt, Helena and Schmidt, Reinhold and Ben Schottker, and Schulz, Christina-Alexandra and Schupf, Nicole and Shaffer, Christian M. and Shi, Yuan and Smith, Albert V. and Smith, Blair H. and Soranzo, Nicole and Spracklen, Cassandra N. and Strauch, Konstantin and Stringham, Heather M. and Stumvoll, Michael and Svensson, Per O. and Szymczak, Silke and Tai, E-Shyong and Tajuddin, Salman M. and Tan, Nicholas Y. Q. and Taylor, Kent D. and Teren, Andrej and Tham, Yih-Chung and Thiery, Joachim and Thio, Chris H. L. and Thomsen, Hauke and Thorleifsson, Gudmar and Toniolo, Daniela and Tonjes, Anke and Tremblay, Johanne and Tzoulaki, Ioanna and Uitterlinden, Andre G. and Vaccargiu, Simona and Van Dam, Rob M. and Van der Harst, Pim and Van Duijn, Cornelia M. and Edward, Digna R. Velez and Verweij, Niek and Vogelezang, Suzanne and Volker, Uwe and Vollenweider, Peter and Waeber, Gerard and Waldenberger, Melanie and Wallentin, Lars and Wang, Ya Xing and Wang, Chaolong and Waterworth, Dawn M. and Bin Wei, Wen and White, Harvey and Whitfield, John B. and Wild, Sarah H. and Wilson, James F. and Wojczynski, Mary K. and Wong, Charlene and Wong, Tien-Yin and Xu, Liang and Yang, Qiong and Yasuda, Masayuki and Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M. and Zhang, Weihua and Zonderman, Alan B. and Rotter, Jerome I. and Bochud, Murielle and Psaty, Bruce M. and Vitart, Veronique and Wilson, James G. and Dehghan, Abbas and Parsa, Afshin and Chasman, Daniel I. and Ho, Kevin and Morris, Andrew P. and Devuyst, Olivier and Akilesh, Shreeram and Pendergrass, Sarah A. and Sim, Xueling and Boger, Carsten A. and Okada, Yukinori and Edwards, Todd L. and Snieder, Harold and Stefansson, Kari and Hung, Adriana M. and Heid, Iris M. and Scholz, Markus and Teumer, Alexander and Kottgen, Anna and Pattaro, Cristian}, title = {A catalog of genetic loci associated with kidney function from analyses of a million individuals}, series = {Nature genetics}, volume = {51}, journal = {Nature genetics}, number = {6}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {New York}, organization = {Lifelines COHort Study}, issn = {1061-4036}, doi = {10.1038/s41588-019-0407-x}, pages = {957 -- +}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is responsible for a public health burden with multi-systemic complications. Through transancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and independent replication (n = 1,046,070), we identified 264 associated loci (166 new). Of these,147 were likely to be relevant for kidney function on the basis of associations with the alternative kidney function marker blood urea nitrogen (n = 416,178). Pathway and enrichment analyses, including mouse models with renal phenotypes, support the kidney as the main target organ. A genetic risk score for lower eGFR was associated with clinically diagnosed CKD in 452,264 independent individuals. Colocalization analyses of associations with eGFR among 783,978 European-ancestry individuals and gene expression across 46 human tissues, including tubulo-interstitial and glomerular kidney compartments, identified 17 genes differentially expressed in kidney. Fine-mapping highlighted missense driver variants in 11 genes and kidney-specific regulatory variants. These results provide a comprehensive priority list of molecular targets for translational research.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{AcharyaActisAghajanietal.2013, author = {Acharya, B. S. and Actis, M. and Aghajani, T. and Agnetta, G. and Aguilar, J. and Aharonian, Felix A. and Ajello, M. and Akhperjanian, A. G. and Alcubierre, M. and Aleksic, J. and Alfaro, R. and Aliu, E. and Allafort, A. J. and Allan, D. and Allekotte, I. and Amato, E. and Anderson, J. and Ang{\"u}ner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan and Antonelli, L. A. and Antoranz, P. and Aravantinos, A. and Arlen, T. and Armstrong, T. and Arnaldi, H. and Arrabito, L. and Asano, K. and Ashton, T. and Asorey, H. G. and Awane, Y. and Baba, H. and Babic, A. and Baby, N. and Baehr, J. and Bais, A. and Baixeras, C. and Bajtlik, S. and Balbo, M. and Balis, D. and Balkowski, C. and Bamba, A. and Bandiera, R. and Barber, A. and Barbier, C. and Barcelo, M. and Barnacka, Anna and Barnstedt, J{\"u}rgen and Barres de Almeida, U. and Barrio, J. A. and Basili, A. and Basso, S. and Bastieri, D. and Bauer, C. and Baushev, Anton N. and Becerra Gonzalez, J. and Becherini, Yvonne and Bechtol, K. C. and Tjus, J. Becker and Beckmann, Volker and Bednarek, W. and Behera, B. and Belluso, M. and Benbow, W. and Berdugo, J. and Berger, K. and Bernard, F. and Bernardino, T. and Bernl{\"o}hr, K. and Bhat, N. and Bhattacharyya, S. and Bigongiari, C. and Biland, A. and Billotta, S. and Bird, T. and Birsin, E. and Bissaldi, E. and Biteau, Jonathan and Bitossi, M. and Blake, S. and Blanch Bigas, O. and Blasi, P. and Bobkov, A. A. and Boccone, V. and Boettcher, Markus and Bogacz, L. and Bogart, J. and Bogdan, M. and Boisson, Catherine and Boix Gargallo, J. and Bolmont, J. and Bonanno, G. and Bonardi, A. and Bonev, T. and Bonifacio, P. and Bonnoli, G. and Bordas, Pol and Borgland, A. W. and Borkowski, Janett and Bose, R. and Botner, O. and Bottani, A. and Bouchet, L. and Bourgeat, M. and Boutonnet, C. and Bouvier, A. and Brau-Nogue, S. and Braun, I. and Bretz, T. and Briggs, M. S. and Bringmann, T. and Brook, P. and Brun, Pierre and Brunetti, L. and Buanes, T. and Buckley, J. 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K. and Yamamoto, H. and Yamamoto, T. and Yamazaki, R. and Yanagita, S. and Yebras, J. M. and Yelos, D. and Yoshida, A. and Yoshida, T. and Yoshikoshi, T. and Zabalza, V. and Zacharias, M. and Zajczyk, A. and Zanin, R. and Zdziarski, A. and Zech, Alraune and Zhao, A. and Zhou, X. and Zietara, K. and Ziolkowski, J. and Ziolkowski, P. and Zitelli, V. and Zurbach, C. and Zychowski, P.}, title = {Introducing the CTA concept}, series = {Astroparticle physics}, volume = {43}, journal = {Astroparticle physics}, number = {2}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, organization = {CTA Consortium}, issn = {0927-6505}, doi = {10.1016/j.astropartphys.2013.01.007}, pages = {3 -- 18}, year = {2013}, abstract = {The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a new observatory for very high-energy (VHE) gamma rays. CTA has ambitions science goals, for which it is necessary to achieve full-sky coverage, to improve the sensitivity by about an order of magnitude, to span about four decades of energy, from a few tens of GeV to above 100 TeV with enhanced angular and energy resolutions over existing VHE gamma-ray observatories. An international collaboration has formed with more than 1000 members from 27 countries in Europe, Asia, Africa and North and South America. In 2010 the CTA Consortium completed a Design Study and started a three-year Preparatory Phase which leads to production readiness of CTA in 2014. In this paper we introduce the science goals and the concept of CTA, and provide an overview of the project.}, language = {en} } @article{ActisAgnettaAharonianetal.2011, author = {Actis, M. and Agnetta, G. and Aharonian, Felix A. and Akhperjanian, A. G. and Aleksic, J. and Aliu, E. and Allan, D. and Allekotte, I. and Antico, F. and Antonelli, L. 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W. and Dimitrov, D. and Disset, G. and Djannati-Ata{\"i}, A. and Doert, M. and Domainko, W. and Dorner, D. and Doro, M. and Dournaux, J. -L. and Dravins, D. and Drury, L. and Dubois, F. and Dubois, R. and Dubus, G. and Dufour, C. and Durand, D. and Dyks, J. and Dyrda, M. and Edy, E. and Egberts, Kathrin and Eleftheriadis, C. and Elles, S. and Emmanoulopoulos, D. and Enomoto, R. and Ernenwein, J. -P. and Errando, M. and Etchegoyen, A. and Falcone, A. D. and Farakos, K. and Farnier, C. and Federici, S. and Feinstein, F. and Ferenc, D. and Fillin-Martino, E. and Fink, D. and Finley, C. and Finley, J. P. and Firpo, R. and Florin, D. and Foehr, C. and Fokitis, E. and Font, Ll. and Fontaine, G. and Fontana, A. and Foerster, A. and Fortson, L. and Fouque, N. and Fransson, C. and Fraser, G. W. and Fresnillo, L. and Fruck, C. and Fujita, Y. and Fukazawa, Y. and Funk, S. and Gaebele, W. and Gabici, S. and Gadola, A. and Galante, N. and Gallant, Y. and Garcia, B. and Garcia Lopez, R. J. and Garrido, D. and Garrido, L. and Gascon, D. and Gasq, C. and Gaug, M. and Gaweda, J. and Geffroy, N. and Ghag, C. and Ghedina, A. and Ghigo, M. and Gianakaki, E. and Giarrusso, S. and Giavitto, G. and Giebels, B. and Giro, E. and Giubilato, P. and Glanzman, T. and Glicenstein, J. -F. and Gochna, M. and Golev, V. and Gomez Berisso, M. and Gonzalez, A. and Gonzalez, F. and Granena, F. and Graciani, R. and Granot, J. and Gredig, R. and Green, A. and Greenshaw, T. and Grimm, O. and Grube, J. and Grudzinska, M. and Grygorczuk, J. and Guarino, V. and Guglielmi, L. and Guilloux, F. and Gunji, S. and Gyuk, G. and Hadasch, D. and Haefner, D. and Hagiwara, R. and Hahn, J. and Hallgren, A. and Hara, S. and Hardcastle, M. J. and Hassan, T. and Haubold, T. and Hauser, M. and Hayashida, M. and Heller, R. and Henri, G. and Hermann, G. and Herrero, A. and Hinton, James Anthony and Hoffmann, D. and Hofmann, W. and Hofverberg, P. and Horns, D. and Hrupec, D. and Huan, H. and Huber, B. and Huet, J. -M. and Hughes, G. and Hultquist, K. and Humensky, T. B. and Huppert, J. -F. and Ibarra, A. and Illa, J. M. and Ingjald, J. and Inoue, S. and Inoue, Y. and Ioka, K. and Jablonski, C. and Jacholkowska, A. and Janiak, M. and Jean, P. and Jensen, H. and Jogler, T. and Jung, I. and Kaaret, P. and Kabuki, S. and Kakuwa, J. and Kalkuhl, C. and Kankanyan, R. and Kapala, M. and Karastergiou, A. and Karczewski, M. and Karkar, S. and Karlsson, N. and Kasperek, J. and Katagiri, H. and Katarzynski, K. and Kawanaka, N. and Kedziora, B. and Kendziorra, E. and Khelifi, B. and Kieda, D. and Kifune, T. and Kihm, T. and Klepser, S. and Kluzniak, W. and Knapp, J. and Knappy, A. R. and Kneiske, T. and Knoedlseder, J. and Koeck, F. and Kodani, K. and Kohri, K. and Kokkotas, K. and Komin, N. and Konopelko, A. and Kosack, K. and Kossakowski, R. and Kostka, P. and Kotula, J. and Kowal, G. and Koziol, J. and Kraehenbuehl, T. and Krause, J. and Krawczynski, H. and Krennrich, F. and Kretzschmann, A. and Kubo, H. and Kudryavtsev, V. A. and Kushida, J. and La Barbera, N. and La Parola, V. and La Rosa, G. and Lopez, A. and Lamanna, G. and Laporte, P. and Lavalley, C. and Le Flour, T. and Le Padellec, A. and Lenain, J. -P. and Lessio, L. and Lieunard, B. and Lindfors, E. and Liolios, A. and Lohse, T. and Lombardi, S. and Lopatin, A. and Lorenz, E. and Lubinski, P. and Luz, O. and Lyard, E. and Maccarone, M. C. and Maccarone, T. and Maier, G. and Majumdar, P. and Maltezos, S. and Malkiewicz, P. and Mana, C. and Manalaysay, A. and Maneva, G. and Mangano, A. and Manigot, P. and Marin, J. and Mariotti, M. and Markoff, S. and Martinez, G. and Martinez, M. and Mastichiadis, A. and Matsumoto, H. and Mattiazzo, S. and Mazin, D. and McComb, T. J. L. and McCubbin, N. and McHardy, I. and Medina, C. and Melkumyan, D. and Mendes, A. and Mertsch, P. and Meucci, M. and Michalowski, J. and Micolon, P. and Mineo, T. and Mirabal, N. and Mirabel, F. and Miranda, J. M. and Mirzoyan, R. and Mizuno, T. and Moal, B. and Moderski, R. and Molinari, E. and Monteiro, I. and Moralejo, A. and Morello, C. and Mori, K. and Motta, G. and Mottez, F. and Moulin, Emmanuel and Mukherjee, R. and Munar, P. and Muraishi, H. and Murase, K. and Murphy, A. Stj. and Nagataki, S. and Naito, T. and Nakamori, T. and Nakayama, K. and Naumann, C. L. and Naumann, D. and Nayman, P. and Nedbal, D. and Niedzwiecki, A. and Niemiec, J. and Nikolaidis, A. and Nishijima, K. and Nolan, S. J. and Nowak, N. and O'Brien, P. T. and Ochoa, I. and Ohira, Y. and Ohishi, M. and Ohka, H. and Okumura, A. and Olivetto, C. and Ong, R. A. and Orito, R. and Orr, M. and Osborne, J. P. and Ostrowski, M. and Otero, L. and Otte, A. N. and Ovcharov, E. and Oya, I. and Ozieblo, A. and Paiano, S. and Pallota, J. and Panazol, J. L. and Paneque, D. and Panter, M. and Paoletti, R. and Papyan, G. and Paredes, J. M. and Pareschi, G. and Parsons, R. D. and Arribas, M. Paz and Pedaletti, G. and Pepato, A. and Persic, M. and Petrucci, P. O. and Peyaud, B. and Piechocki, W. and Pita, S. and Pivato, G. and Platos, L. and Platzer, R. and Pogosyan, L. and Pohl, Martin and Pojmanski, G. and Ponz, J. D. and Potter, W. and Prandini, E. and Preece, R. and Prokoph, H. and Puehlhofer, G. and Punch, M. and Quel, E. and Quirrenbach, A. and Rajda, P. and Rando, R. and Rataj, M. and Raue, M. and Reimann, C. and Reimann, O. and Reimer, A. and Reimer, O. and Renaud, M. and Renner, S. and Reymond, J. -M. and Rhode, W. and Ribo, M. and Ribordy, M. and Rico, J. and Rieger, F. and Ringegni, P. and Ripken, J. and Ristori, P. and Rivoire, S. and Rob, L. and Rodriguez, S. and Roeser, U. and Romano, Patrizia and Romero, G. E. and Rosier-Lees, S. and Rovero, A. C. and Roy, F. and Royer, S. and Rudak, B. and Rulten, C. B. and Ruppel, J. and Russo, F. and Ryde, F. and Sacco, B. and Saggion, A. and Sahakian, V. and Saito, K. and Saito, T. and Sakaki, N. and Salazar, E. and Salini, A. and Sanchez, F. and Sanchez Conde, M. A. and Santangelo, Andrea and Santos, E. M. and Sanuy, A. and Sapozhnikov, L. and Sarkar, S. and Scalzotto, V. and Scapin, V. and Scarcioffolo, M. and Schanz, T. and Schlenstedt, S. and Schlickeiser, R. and Schmidt, T. and Schmoll, J. and Schroedter, M. and Schultz, C. and Schultze, J. and Schulz, A. and Schwanke, U. and Schwarzburg, S. and Schweizer, T. and Seiradakis, J. and Selmane, S. and Seweryn, K. and Shayduk, M. and Shellard, R. C. and Shibata, T. and Sikora, M. and Silk, J. and Sillanpaa, A. and Sitarek, J. and Skole, C. and Smith, N. and Sobczynska, D. and Sofo Haro, M. and Sol, H. and Spanier, F. and Spiga, D. and Spyrou, S. and Stamatescu, V. and Stamerra, A. and Starling, R. L. C. and Stawarz, L. and Steenkamp, R. and Stegmann, Christian and Steiner, S. and Stergioulas, N. and Sternberger, R. and Stinzing, F. and Stodulski, M. and Straumann, U. and Suarez, A. and Suchenek, M. and Sugawara, R. and Sulanke, K. H. and Sun, S. and Supanitsky, A. D. and Sutcliffe, P. and Szanecki, M. and Szepieniec, T. and Szostek, A. and Szymkowiak, A. and Tagliaferri, G. and Tajima, H. and Takahashi, H. and Takahashi, K. and Takalo, L. and Takami, H. and Talbot, R. G. and Tam, P. H. and Tanaka, M. and Tanimori, T. and Tavani, M. and Tavernet, J. -P. and Tchernin, C. and Tejedor, L. A. and Telezhinsky, Igor O. and Temnikov, P. and Tenzer, C. and Terada, Y. and Terrier, R. and Teshima, M. and Testa, V. and Tibaldo, L. and Tibolla, O. and Tluczykont, M. and Peixoto, C. J. Todero and Tokanai, F. and Tokarz, M. and Toma, K. and Torres, D. F. and Tosti, G. and Totani, T. and Toussenel, F. and Vallania, P. and Vallejo, G. and van der Walt, J. and van Eldik, C. and Vandenbroucke, J. and Vankov, H. and Vasileiadis, G. and Vassiliev, V. V. and Vegas, I. and Venter, L. and Vercellone, S. and Veyssiere, C. and Vialle, J. P. and Videla, M. and Vincent, P. and Vink, J. and Vlahakis, N. and Vlahos, L. and Vogler, P. and Vollhardt, A. and Volpe, F. and Von Gunten, H. P. and Vorobiov, S. and Wagner, S. and Wagner, R. M. and Wagner, B. and Wakely, S. P. and Walter, P. and Walter, R. and Warwick, R. and Wawer, P. and Wawrzaszek, R. and Webb, N. and Wegner, P. and Weinstein, A. and Weitzel, Q. and Welsing, R. and Wetteskind, H. and White, R. and Wierzcholska, A. and Wilkinson, M. I. and Williams, D. A. and Winde, M. and Wischnewski, R. and Wisniewski, L. and Wolczko, A. and Wood, M. and Xiong, Q. and Yamamoto, T. and Yamaoka, K. and Yamazaki, R. and Yanagita, S. and Yoffo, B. and Yonetani, M. and Yoshida, A. and Yoshida, T. and Yoshikoshi, T. and Zabalza, V. and Zagdanski, A. and Zajczyk, A. and Zdziarski, A. and Zech, Alraune and Zietara, K. and Ziolkowski, P. and Zitelli, V. and Zychowski, P.}, title = {Design concepts for the Cherenkov Telescope Array CTA an advanced facility for ground-based high-energy gamma-ray astronomy}, series = {Experimental astronomy : an international journal on astronomical instrumentation and data analysis}, volume = {32}, journal = {Experimental astronomy : an international journal on astronomical instrumentation and data analysis}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht}, organization = {CTA Consortium}, issn = {0922-6435}, doi = {10.1007/s10686-011-9247-0}, pages = {193 -- 316}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has had a major breakthrough with the impressive results obtained using systems of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has a huge potential in astrophysics, particle physics and cosmology. CTA is an international initiative to build the next generation instrument, with a factor of 5-10 improvement in sensitivity in the 100 GeV-10 TeV range and the extension to energies well below 100 GeV and above 100 TeV. CTA will consist of two arrays (one in the north, one in the south) for full sky coverage and will be operated as open observatory. The design of CTA is based on currently available technology. This document reports on the status and presents the major design concepts of CTA.}, language = {en} } @article{GorbatenkoPushkinSchmidt2002, author = {Gorbatenko, M. V. and Pushkin, A. V. and Schmidt, Hans-J{\"u}rgen}, title = {On a relation between the Bach equation and the equation of geometrodynamics}, year = {2002}, abstract = {The Bach equation and the equation of geometrodynamics are based on two quite different physical motivations, but in both approaches, the conformal properties of gravitation plays the key role. In this paper we present an analysis of the relation between these two equations and show that the solutions of the equation of geometrodynamics are of a more general nature. We show the following non-trivial result: there exists a conformally invariant Lagrangian, whose field equation generalizes the Bach equation and has as solutions those Ricci tensors which are solutions to the equation of geometrodynamics.}, language = {en} } @article{JanietzFestagSchmidtetal.1995, author = {Janietz, Dietmar and Festag, R. and Schmidt, C. and Tsukruk, V. V. and Wendorff, Joachim Heinz}, title = {Interfacial behaviour and thermal properties of triazine modified triphenylene oligomers}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{SramaKruegerYamaguchietal.2012, author = {Srama, Ralf and Krueger, H. and Yamaguchi, T. and Stephan, T. and Burchell, M. and Kearsley, A. T. and Sterken, V. and Postberg, F. and Kempf, S. and Gr{\"u}n, Eberhard and Altobelli, Nicolas and Ehrenfreund, P. and Dikarev, V. and Horanyi, M. and Sternovsky, Zoltan and Carpenter, J. D. and Westphal, A. and Gainsforth, Z. and Krabbe, A. and Agarwal, Jessica and Yano, H. and Blum, J. and Henkel, H. and Hillier, J. and Hoppe, P. and Trieloff, M. and Hsu, S. and Mocker, A. and Fiege, K. and Green, S. F. and Bischoff, A. and Esposito, F. and Laufer, R. and Hyde, T. W. and Herdrich, G. and Fasoulas, S. and Jaeckel, A. and Jones, G. and Jenniskens, P. and Khalisi, E. and Moragas-Klostermeyer, Georg and Spahn, Frank and Keller, H. U. and Frisch, P. and Levasseur-Regourd, A. C. and Pailer, N. and Altwegg, K. and Engrand, C. and Auer, S. and Silen, J. and Sasaki, S. and Kobayashi, M. and Schmidt, J. and Kissel, J. and Marty, B. and Michel, P. and Palumbo, P. and Vaisberg, O. and Baggaley, J. and Rotundi, A. and Roeser, H. P.}, title = {SARIM PLUS-sample return of comet 67P/CG and of interstellar matter}, series = {EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY}, volume = {33}, journal = {EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY}, number = {2-3}, publisher = {SPRINGER}, address = {DORDRECHT}, issn = {0922-6435}, doi = {10.1007/s10686-011-9285-7}, pages = {723 -- 751}, year = {2012}, abstract = {The Stardust mission returned cometary, interplanetary and (probably) interstellar dust in 2006 to Earth that have been analysed in Earth laboratories worldwide. Results of this mission have changed our view and knowledge on the early solar nebula. The Rosetta mission is on its way to land on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko and will investigate for the first time in great detail the comet nucleus and its environment starting in 2014. Additional astronomy and planetary space missions will further contribute to our understanding of dust generation, evolution and destruction in interstellar and interplanetary space and provide constraints on solar system formation and processes that led to the origin of life on Earth. One of these missions, SARIM-PLUS, will provide a unique perspective by measuring interplanetary and interstellar dust with high accuracy and sensitivity in our inner solar system between 1 and 2 AU. SARIM-PLUS employs latest in-situ techniques for a full characterisation of individual micrometeoroids (flux, mass, charge, trajectory, composition()) and collects and returns these samples to Earth for a detailed analysis. The opportunity to visit again the target comet of the Rosetta mission 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimeenternko, and to investigate its dusty environment six years after Rosetta with complementary methods is unique and strongly enhances and supports the scientific exploration of this target and the entire Rosetta mission. Launch opportunities are in 2020 with a backup window starting early 2026. The comet encounter occurs in September 2021 and the reentry takes place in early 2024. An encounter speed of 6 km/s ensures comparable results to the Stardust mission.}, language = {en} } @article{HwangWalczakOschatzetal.2019, author = {Hwang, Jongkook and Walczak, Ralf and Oschatz, Martin and Tarakina, Nadezda and Schmidt, Bernhard V. K. J.}, title = {Micro-Blooming: Hierarchically Porous Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Flowers Derived from Metal-Organic Mesocrystals}, series = {Small}, volume = {15}, journal = {Small}, number = {37}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1613-6810}, doi = {10.1002/smll.201901986}, pages = {10}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Synthesis of 3D flower-like zinc-nitrilotriacetic acid (ZnNTA) mesocrystals and their conformal transformation to hierarchically porous N-doped carbon superstructures is reported. During the solvothermal reaction, 2D nanosheet primary building blocks undergo oriented attachment and mesoscale assembly forming stacked layers. The secondary nucleation and growth preferentially occurs at the edges and defects of the layers, leading to formation of 3D flower-like mesocrystals comprised of interconnected 2D micropetals. By simply varying the pyrolysis temperature (550-1000 degrees C) and the removal method of in the situ-generated Zn species, nonporous parent mesocrystals are transformed to hierarchically porous carbon flowers with controllable surface area (970-1605 m(2) g(-1)), nitrogen content (3.4-14.1 at\%), pore volume (0.95-2.19 cm(3) g(-1)), as well as pore diameter and structures. The carbon flowers prepared at 550 degrees C show high CO2/N-2 selectivity due to the high nitrogen content and the large fraction of (ultra)micropores, which can greatly increase the CO2 affinity. The results show that the physicochemical properties of carbons are highly dependent on the thermal transformation and associated pore formation process, rather than directly inherited from parent precursors. The present strategy demonstrates metal-organic mesocrystals as a facile and versatile means toward 3D hierarchical carbon superstructures that are attractive for a number of potential applications.}, language = {en} } @article{SpahnSchmidtAlbersetal.2006, author = {Spahn, Frank and Schmidt, J{\"u}rgen and Albers, Nicole and H{\"o}rning, Marcel and Makuch, Martin and Seiß, Martin and Kempf, Sascha and Srama, Ralf and Dikarev, Valeri and Helfert, Stefan and Moragas-Klostermeyer, Georg and Krivov, Alexander V. and Sremcevic, Miodrag and Tuzzolino, Anthony J. and Economou, Thanasis and Gr{\"u}n, Eberhard}, title = {Cassini dust measurements at Enceladus and implications for the origin of the E ring}, doi = {10.1126/science.1121375}, year = {2006}, language = {en} } @article{GordonKrivovSchmidtetal.2002, author = {Gordon, M. K. and Krivov, Alexander V. and Schmidt, J{\"u}rgen and Spahn, Frank}, title = {Planetary rings}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @article{SirbescuSchmidtVeksleretal.2017, author = {Sirbescu, Mona-Liza C. and Schmidt, Christian and Veksler, Ilya V. and Whittington, Alan G. and Wilke, Max}, title = {Experimental crystallization of undercooled felsic liquids}, series = {Journal of petrology}, volume = {58}, journal = {Journal of petrology}, number = {3}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0022-3530}, doi = {10.1093/petrology/egx027}, pages = {539 -- 568}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The crystallization kinetics of silicate liquids were studied experimentally in the system haplogranite-B-Li-H2O, at variable degrees of undercooling and variable water concentration. We investigated the kinetics of nucleation and crystallization of unseeded synthetic hydrous haplogranite with 1 wt \% Li2O + 2 center dot 3 wt \% B2O3 added (composition C1) and 2 wt \% Li2O + 4 center dot 6 wt \% B2O3 added (composition C2). Compositions C1 and C2 are simplified representative bulk compositions of Li-rich pegmatites and their highly differentiated cores, respectively. Starting water contents varied between 3 and 9 wt \%. With few exceptions, the system remained water-undersaturated. About 86 isothermal runs of 1-60 days duration, grouped in 25 time series of constant temperature and initial H2O content, were carried out at temperatures from 400 to 700A degrees C at 300 MPa, corresponding to variable degrees of undercooling between the liquidus and glass transition. Viscosity measurements indicate that the glass transition for both compositions is below 400A degrees C for 3 wt \% water and below 300A degrees C for 6 center dot 5 wt \% water. The melts remained virtually crystal free at 400A degrees C, about 100A degrees C and 120A degrees C above the glass transition for compositions C1 and C2, respectively, in experiments up to 30 days long. This result is consistent with the existence of low-temperature, undercooled melts in the crust. At lower values of undercooling the runs crystallized partially, up to about 70\% volume fraction. Undercooling and the amount of water are the main factors controlling nucleation and growth rates, and therefore textures. Minerals nucleate and grow sequentially according to mineral-specific nucleation delays. The mineral assemblage started with Li-Al stuffed quartz (in C1) and virgilite (in C2), solid-solutions between quartz and gamma-spodumene. The quartz-like phases were typically followed by spherulitic alkali feldspar-quartz intergrowths, euhedral petalite, and fine-grained muscovite. Nearly pure quartz formed as rims and replacement of metastable virgilite and stuffed quartz, in particular at the boron- and water-rich crystallization front of large feldspar or petalite. With the exception of muscovite, all minerals nucleated heterogeneously, on the capsule wall or on pre-existing minerals, and grew inwards, towards the capsule center. Experimental textures resembled the textures of zoned pegmatites, including skeletal, graphic, unidirectional, radiating, spherulitic, massive, and replacement textures. In some cases, when fluid saturation was reached, miarolitic cavities developed containing euhedral crystals. Although unidirectional growth rates appeared to slow down in time, volumetric rates for stable graphic alkali-feldspar quartz intergrowths and petalite remained constant for up to 60 days and similar to 70\% crystallization. Metastable stuffed quartz and virgilite diminished in their growth rates in runs of 30 days or longer, were resorbed in the melt, and were partially replaced by second-generation quartz. Unobstructed, self-sustained crystal growth in conditions of very low nucleation density appears to be the dominant mechanism to form giant pegmatitic crystals, although experimental growth rates are much slower than predicted in nature based on conductive-cooling models.}, language = {en} } @article{AlNakeebKochovskiLietal.2019, author = {Al Nakeeb, Noah and Kochovski, Zdravko and Li, Tingting and Zhang, Youjia and Lu, Yan and Schmidt, Bernhard V. K. J.}, title = {Poly(ethylene glycol) brush-b-poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)-based double hydrophilic block copolymer particles crosslinked via crystalline alpha-cyclodextrin domains}, series = {RSC Advances}, volume = {9}, journal = {RSC Advances}, number = {9}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {2046-2069}, doi = {10.1039/c8ra10672j}, pages = {4993 -- 5001}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Self-assembly of block copolymers is a significant area of polymer science. The self-assembly of completely water-soluble block copolymers is of particular interest, albeit a challenging task. In the present work the self-assembly of a linear-brush architecture block copolymer, namely poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)-b-poly(oligoethylene glycol methacrylate) (PVP-b-POEGMA), in water is studied. Moreover, the assembled structures are crosslinked via alpha-CD host/guest complexation in a supramolecular way. The crosslinking shifts the equilibrium toward aggregate formation without switching off the dynamic equilibrium of double hydrophilic block copolymer (DHBC). As a consequence, the self-assembly efficiency is improved without extinguishing the unique DHBC self-assembly behavior. In addition, decrosslinking could be induced without a change in concentration by adding a competing complexation agent for alpha-CD. The self-assembly behavior was followed by DLS measurement, while the presence of the particles could be observed via cryo-TEM before and after crosslinking.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Schmidt2020, author = {Schmidt, Bernhard V. K. J.}, title = {Polymers, self-assembly and materials}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-48481}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-484819}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {VI, 350}, year = {2020}, abstract = {In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden die Selbstorganisation von hydrophilen Polymeren, verst{\"a}rkte Hydrogele, sowie anorganische/Polymer Hybridmaterialien untersucht. Dabei beschreibt die Arbeit den Weg von Polymersynthese mittels verschiedener Methoden {\"u}ber Polymerselbstanordnung bis zur Herstellung von Polymermaterialien mit vielversprechenden Eigenschaften f{\"u}r zuk{\"u}nftige Anwendungen. Hydrophile Polymere wurden verwendet, um Mehrphasensysteme herzustellen, Wasser-in-Wasser Emulsionen zu bilden und selbstangeordneten Strukturen zu erzeugen, z. B. Partikel/Aggregate oder hohle Strukturen aus komplett wasserl{\"o}slichen Bausteinen. Die Strukturbildung in w{\"a}ssriger Umgebung wurde ferner f{\"u}r supramolekulare Hydrogele mit definierter Unterstruktur und reversiblem Gelierungsverhalten eingesetzt. Auf dem Gebiet der Hydrogele wurde das anorganische Material graphitisches Kohlenstoffnitrid (g-CN) als Photoinitiator f{\"u}r die Hydrogelsynthese und als Verst{\"a}rker der Gelstruktur beschrieben. Hierbei konnten Hydrogele mit herausragenden Eigenschaften generiert werden, z. B. hohe Kompressibilit{\"a}t, hohe Speichermodule oder Gleitf{\"a}higkeit. Die Kombinationen von g-CN mit verschiedenen Polymeren erlaubte es zudem neue Materialien f{\"u}r die Photokatalyse bereitzustellen. Als weiteres anorganisches Material wurden Metall-organische Ger{\"u}ste (MOFs) mit Polymeren kombiniert. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Verwendung von MOFs in der Polymersynthese einen starken Einfluss auf die erzeugte Polymerstruktur hat und MOFs als Katalysator f{\"u}r Polymerisationen verwendet werden k{\"o}nnen. Zuletzt wurde die MOF Synthese an sich untersucht, wobei Polymeradditive oder L{\"o}sungsmittel eingesetzt wurden um die kristalline Struktur der MOFs zu modulieren. Insgesamt wurden hier verschiedene Errungenschaften f{\"u}r die Polymerchemie beschrieben, z.B. neuartige hydrophile Polymere und Hydrogele, die zur Zeit wichtige Materialien im Polymerbereich durch ihre vielversprechenden Anwendungen im biomedizinischen Sektor darstellen. Außerdem ergab die Kombination von Polymeren mit Materialien aus anderen Bereichen der Chemie, z. B. g-CN und MOFs, neue Materialien mit bemerkenswerten Eigenschaften, die ebenfalls von Interesse f{\"u}r zuk{\"u}nftige Anwendungen sind, z. B. Beschichtungen, Partikeltechnologie und Katalyse.}, language = {en} } @article{LeeHwangSchildeetal.2018, author = {Lee, Hui-Chun and Hwang, Jongkook and Schilde, Uwe and Antonietti, Markus and Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof and Schmidt, Bernhard V. K. J.}, title = {Toward ultimate control of radical polymerization}, series = {Chemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society}, volume = {30}, journal = {Chemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society}, number = {9}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0897-4756}, doi = {10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b00546}, pages = {2983 -- 2994}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Herein, an approach via combination of confined porous textures and reversible deactivation radical polymerization techniques is proposed to advance synthetic polymer chemistry, i.e., a connection of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP). Zn-2(benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate)2(1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]-octane) [Zn-2(bdc)(2)(dabco)] is utilized as a reaction environment for polymerization of various methacrylate monomers (methyl, ethyl, benzyl, and isobornyl methacrylate) in a confined nanochannel, resulting in polymers with control over dispersity, end functionalities, and tacticity with respect to distinct molecular size. To refine and reconsolidate the compartmentation effect on polymer regularity, initiator-functionalized Zn MOF was synthesized via cocrystallization with an initiator-functionalized ligand, 2-(2-bromo-2-methylpropanamido)-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate (Brbdc), in different ratios (10\%, 20\%, and 50\%). Through the embedded initiator, surface-initiated ARGET ATRP was directly initiated from the walls of the nanochannels. The obtained polymers had a high molecular weight up to 392 000. Moreover, a significant improvement in end-group functionality and stereocontrol was observed, entailing polymers with obvious increments in isotacticity. The results highlight a combination of MOFs and ATRP that is a promising and universal methodology to prepare various polymers with high molecular weight exhibiting well-defined uniformity in chain length and microstructure as well as the preserved chain-end functionality.}, language = {en} } @article{ToetzkeGaiselmannOsenbergetal.2016, author = {T{\"o}tzke, Christian and Gaiselmann, G. and Osenberg, M. and Arlt, T. and Mark{\"o}tter, H. and Hilger, A. and Kupsch, Andreas and M{\"u}ller, B. R. and Schmidt, V. and Lehnert, W. and Manke, Ingo}, title = {Influence of hydrophobic treatment on the structure of compressed gas diffusion layers}, series = {Journal of power sources : the international journal on the science and technology of electrochemical energy systems}, volume = {324}, journal = {Journal of power sources : the international journal on the science and technology of electrochemical energy systems}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0378-7753}, doi = {10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.05.118}, pages = {625 -- 636}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Carbon fiber based felt materials are widely used as gas diffusion layer (GDL) in fuel cells. Their transport properties can be adjusted by adding hydrophobic agents such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). We present a synchrotron X-ray tomographic study on the felt material Freudenberg H2315 with different PIPE finishing. In this study, we analyze changes in microstructure and shape of GDLs at increasing degree of compression which are related to their specific PTFE load. A dedicated compression device mimicking the channel-land pattern of the flowfield is used to reproduce the inhomogeneous compression found in a fuel cell. Transport relevant geometrical parameters such as porosity, pore size distribution and geometric tortuosity are calculated and consequences for media transport discussed. PTFE finishing results in a marked change of shape of compressed GDLs: surface is smoothed and the invasion of GDL fibers into the flow field channel strongly mitigated. Furthermore, the PTFE impacts the microstructure of the compressed GDL. The number of available wide transport paths is significantly increased as compared to the untreated material. These changes improve the transport capacity liquid water through the GDL and promote the discharge of liquid water droplets from the cell. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{BrilliantovSchmidt2009, author = {Brilliantov, Nikolai V. and Schmidt, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Aggregation kinetics in a flow : the role of particle-wall collisions}, issn = {1951-6355}, doi = {10.1140/epjst/e2009-01006-X}, year = {2009}, abstract = {Agglomeration in a fluid flow, when collisions of aggregates with channel walls are important is analyzed. We assume the diffusion-limited mechanism for clusters growth and the Stokes' force exerted on the agglomerates from the flow. Collisions of the particles with the channel walls are modeled by a random Poisson process. We develop an analytical theory for the size distribution of the aggregates and check the theoretical predictions by Monte Carlo simulations. The numerical data agree well with the analytical results.}, language = {en} } @article{PostbergKempfSchmidtetal.2009, author = {Postberg, Frank and Kempf, Sascha and Schmidt, J{\"u}rgen and Brilliantov, Nikolai V. and Beinsen, Alexander and Abel, Bernd and Buck, Udo and Srama, Ralf}, title = {Sodium salts in E-ring ice grains from an ocean below the surface of Enceladus}, issn = {0028-0836}, doi = {10.1038/Nature08046}, year = {2009}, abstract = {Saturn's moon Enceladus emits plumes of water vapour and ice particles from fractures near its south pole(1-5), suggesting the possibility of a subsurface ocean(5-7). These plume particles are the dominant source of Saturn's E ring(7,8). A previous in situ analysis(9) of these particles concluded that the minor organic or siliceous components, identified in many ice grains, could be evidence for interaction between Enceladus' rocky core and liquid water(9,10). It was not clear, however, whether the liquid is still present today or whether it has frozen. Here we report the identification of a population of E-ring grains that are rich in sodium salts (similar to 0.5- 2\% by mass), which can arise only if the plumes originate from liquid water. The abundance of various salt components in these particles, as well as the inferred basic pH, exhibit a compelling similarity to the predicted composition of a subsurface Enceladus ocean in contact with its rock core(11). The plume vapour is expected to be free of atomic sodium. Thus, the absence of sodium from optical spectra(12) is in good agreement with our results. In the E ring the upper limit for spectroscopy(12) is insufficiently sensitive to detect the concentrations we found.}, language = {en} } @article{BodrovaSchmidtSpahnetal.2012, author = {Bodrova, Anna and Schmidt, J{\"u}rgen and Spahn, Frank and Brilliantov, Nikolai V.}, title = {Adhesion and collisional release of particles in dense planetary rings}, series = {Icarus : international journal of solar system studies}, volume = {218}, journal = {Icarus : international journal of solar system studies}, number = {1}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {San Diego}, issn = {0019-1035}, doi = {10.1016/j.icarus.2011.11.011}, pages = {60 -- 68}, year = {2012}, abstract = {We propose a simple theoretical model for aggregative and fragmentative collisions in Saturn's dense rings. In this model the ring matter consists of a bimodal size distribution: large (meter sized) boulders and a population of smaller particles (tens of centimeters down to dust). The small particles can adhesively stick to the boulders and can be released as debris in binary collisions of their carriers. To quantify the adhesion force we use the JKR theory (Johnson, K., Kendall, K., Roberts, A. [1971]. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 324, 301-313). The rates of release and adsorption of particles are calculated, depending on material parameters, sizes, and plausible velocity dispersions of carriers and debris particles. In steady state we obtain an expression for the amount of free debris relative to the fraction still attached to the carriers. In terms of this conceptually simple model a paucity of subcentimeter particles in Saturn's rings (French, R.G., Nicholson, P.D. [2000]. Icarus 145, 502-523; Marouf, E. et al. [2008]. Abstracts for "Saturn after Cassini-Huygens" Symposium, Imperial College London, UK, July 28 to August 1, p. 113) can be understood as a consequence of the increasing strength of adhesion (relative to inertial forces) for decreasing particle size. In this case particles smaller than a certain critical radius remain tightly attached to the surfaces of larger boulders, even when the boulders collide at their typical speed. Furthermore, we find that already a mildly increased velocity dispersion of the carrier-particles may significantly enhance the fraction of free debris particles, in this way increasing the optical depth of the system.}, language = {en} } @article{UhligMadaboosiSchmidtetal.2012, author = {Uhlig, Katja and Madaboosi, Narayanan and Schmidt, Stephan and J{\"a}ger, Magnus S. and Rose, J{\"u}rgen and Duschl, Claus and Volodkin, Dmitry V.}, title = {3d localization and diffusion of proteins in polyelectrolyte multilayers}, series = {Soft matter}, volume = {8}, journal = {Soft matter}, number = {47}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1744-683X}, doi = {10.1039/c2sm26500a}, pages = {11786 -- 11789}, year = {2012}, abstract = {The interaction of diverse biomaterials with surfaces is more crucial than ever for biomedical applications to ensure efficiency and reproducibility. Very interesting surface materials are micrometer-thick polyelectrolyte multilayers. Not only their surface but also the bulk can be loaded with biomaterials like proteins or DNA for various purposes. Therefore, we established a method to analyze the lateral and vertical distribution of fluorescently labelled proteins of various size and charge in polyelectrolyte films composed of poly(L-lysine) and hyaluronic acid by confocal laser scanning microscopy. This approach enables us to measure the diffusion coefficients of the proteins via fluorescence recovery after photobleaching as a function of their vertical position in the film and facilitates the understanding of molecular interactions in the film with a high resolution in both space and time. As a result, we confirm that protein loading in the film is driven by electrostatic interactions - uncharged dextran molecules of 10 and 500 kDa do not diffuse into the film. Proteins of different sizes (3-11 nm) can diffuse relatively fast (D = 2-4 mm(2) s(-1)) independent of their net charge, indicating complex interpolymer interactions. This approach is a new powerful experimental tool to design the polyelectrolyte multilayers for bio-applications by finding a relationship between intermolecular interactions and mobility and availability of biomolecules to biological samples (e.g. cells) or detection units (e.g. biosensors).}, language = {en} }