@inproceedings{BorowskiGlowinskiFristeretal.2018,
  author    = {Borowski, Andreas and Glowinski, Ingrid and Frister, Jonas and H{\"o}ttecke, Dietmar and Buth, Katrin and Koenen, Jenna and Masanek, Nicole and Reichwein, Wilko and Scholten, Nina and Sprenger, Sandra and Stender, Peter and W{\"o}hlke, Carina and Komorek, Michael and Freckmann, Janine and Hofmann, Josefine and Niesel, Verena and Richter, Chris and Mehlmann, Nelli and Bikner-Ahsbahs, Angelika and Unverricht, Katja and Schanze, Sascha and Bittorf, Robert Marten and Meier, Monique and Grospietsch, Finja and Mayer, J{\"u}rgen and Gimbel, Katharina and Ziepprecht, Kathrin and Hofmann, Judith and Kramer, Charlotte and M{\"u}ller, Britta-Kornelia and Rohde, Andreas and Z{\"u}hlsdorf, Felix and Winkler, Iris and Laging, Ralf and Peter, Carina and Schween, Michael and H{\"a}rle, Gerhard and Busse, Beatrix and Mahner, Sebastian and K{\"o}stler, Verena and Kufner, Sabrina and M{\"a}gdefrau, Jutta and M{\"u}ller, Christian and Beck, Christina and Kriehuber, Eva and Boch, Florian and Engl, Anna-Teresa and Helzel, Andreas and Pickert, Tina and Reiter, Christian and Blasini, Bettina and Nerdel, Claudia and Lewalter, Doris and Schiffhauer, Silke and Richter-Gebert, J{\"u}rgen and Bannert, Maria and Maahs, Mirjam and Reißner, Maria and Ungar, Patrizia and von Wachter, Jana-Kristin and Hellmann, Katharina and Zaki, Katja and Pohlenz, Philipp},
  title     = {Koh{\"a}renz in der universit{\"a}ren Lehrerbildung},
  editor    = {Glowinski, Ingrid and Borowski, Andreas and Gillen, Julia and Schanze, Sascha and von Meien, Joachim},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-438-8},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-414267},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {One area that is supported by the project "Qualit{\"a}tsoffensive Lehrerbildung" (funded by BMBF) is the improvement of collaboration and coordination between studies in the discipline, studies in pedagogical content knowledge, and studies in pedagogical knowledge during teacher education at university. Aiming a better coordination among these three parts of teacher education at university, many of the supported projects have designed and realized university-specific approaches. This conference proceedings volume comprises contributions by 15 of these projects. Seven of those were introduced and discussed in workshops on the occasion of two cross-regional project-conferences in Hannover and Potsdam. Overall, the contributions give a theoretically funded as well as a practice-oriented overview of current approaches and concepts to achieve a better connection between study units concerning studies in content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge and pedagogical knowledge in teacher education. The volume presents university projects, which take effect on different levels (at the level of curriculum and content, at a collegiate level, at the level of structural conditions of universities). The different approaches are described in a way that they can provide a basis for transfer to other subjects or further universities. The contributions are aimed at teacher educators as well as other actors working in the field of teaching- and quality development at universities. All of them can take transferable ideas and impulses from the described concepts and formats.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Richter2016,
  author    = {Richter, Robert},
  title     = {Physiotherapie und Wissenschaft},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-94704},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {339},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Die empirische Studie hat die Verwissenschaftlichung der Physiotherapie und deren Relevanz f{\"u}r die berufliche Praxis in Deutschland zum Gegenstand. Unter Verwissenschaftlichung werden Prozesse der wissenschaftlichen Disziplinbildung und Akademisierung verstanden. Die Praxisrelevanz dr{\"u}ckt sich in Ver{\"a}nderungsbestrebungen der Physiotherapie vom Beruf hin zur Profession aus. Ausgehend von wissenschaftstheoretischen Ans{\"a}tzen zur Disziplinbildung, Akademisierung und Professionalisierung sowie dem diesbez{\"u}glichen physiotherapeutischen Forschungsstand wendet sich die Arbeit aus den Perspektiven historischer und gegenw{\"a}rtiger wissenschaftlicher Formierungsprozesse der empirischen Analyse des beschriebenen Gegenstandes zu. Die zentralen Fragestellungen der vorliegenden Arbeit sind: Auf welcher theoretischen Basis werden welche der Physiotherapie impliziten Gegenst{\"a}nde im Kontext welchen Theorie-Praxis-Verst{\"a}ndnisses konstituiert? Und: Gibt es ein theoretisches Fundament in Form von Theorien und Modellen, aus welchem sich forschungsmethodologische und wissenschaftstheoretische Zug{\"a}nge begr{\"u}nden lassen und inwieweit zeigt sich hier das Potential zur Heranbildung einer wissenschaftlichen Disziplin? Wie bezieht sich die Wissenschaft dabei auf eine professionelle Praxis und umgekehrt? Der empirische Zugang zum Gegenstand erfolgte auf zwei Wegen: 1. Fachzeitschriftenanalyse zur Erfassung der Historizit{\"a}t, 2. Experteninterviews zur Erfassung der Kontextualit{\"a}t der Verwissenschaftlichung. Die vorliegende Arbeit versteht sich als Beitrag zum wissenschaftlichen Diskurs in der Physiotherapie. Sie verfolgt das Ziel, eine empirisch belastbare Aussage bez{\"u}glich des Gelingens einer Disziplinbildung sowie des Akademisierungsprozesses in Deutschland zu treffen und diese in Beziehung zum Praxisfeld zu setzen. Empirisch relevant ist hierf{\"u}r die Analyse der Historie. Letztere wiederum definiert den Weg zu einer ebenfalls zu analysierenden gegenw{\"a}rtigen gesellschaftlichen Verortung. Die vorliegenden Analysen rekonstruieren die Emanzipation der Physiotherapie in Deutschland von einem Heilhilfsberuf hin zu einer eigenst{\"a}ndigen Profession mit dem Fokus auf Prozesse der Disziplinbildung und Akademisierung. Die Ergebnisse der Arbeit sind vielf{\"a}ltig und zeigen, dass die deutsche Physiotherapie sich unter anderem durch die Akademisierung auf dem Weg zu einer Wissenschaft sowie einer Profession befindet. Allerdings f{\"u}hrt die Parallelit{\"a}t von Theoriebildung und Praxishandeln im Sinne einer kaum nachweisbaren Verschr{\"a}nkung beider Handlungsebenen zu dem Schluss, dass die untersuchten Prozesse bislang nicht zwangsl{\"a}ufig zu wissenschaftlich emanzipatorischem Erfolg f{\"u}hren m{\"u}ssen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{AlischHammerHinzetal.2023,
  author    = {Alisch, Julia and Hammer, Carolin and Hinz, Carsten and Klitsch, Constantin and L{\"o}ffler, Robert and Penning, Isabelle and Richter, Christin},
  title     = {\#WAT 5/6},
  editor    = {Kirchner, Vera},
  publisher = {Buchner Verlag},
  address   = {Bamberg},
  isbn      = {978-3-661-82305-8},
  pages     = {168},
  year      = {2023},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{HinzLoefflerDeekenetal.2021,
  author    = {Hinz, Carsten and L{\"o}ffler, Robert and Deeken, Johannes and Hansen, Barbara and Huhn, Nicola and Klitsch, Constantin and Kost, Andr{\´e} and Penning, Isabelle and Richter, Christin and Sch{\"a}fer, David and Schulz, Oliver and Simon, Veronika and Tuncel, Teresa},
  title     = {\#Politik Wirtschaft - Nordrhein-Westfalen. Band 7/8},
  publisher = {Buchner},
  address   = {Bamberg},
  isbn      = {978-3-661-70077-9},
  pages     = {400},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Seit dem Schuljahr 2020/21 gilt in Nordrhein-Westfalen ein neuer Kernlehrplan f{\"u}r die Realschule, Gesamtschule und Sekundarschule. Daf{\"u}r haben wir gemeinsam mit Fachkr{\"a}ften aus dem Bundesland die \#-Schulbuchreihen entwickelt. Mit \#Politik Wirtschaft - Nordrhein-Westfalen bieten wir Ihnen innovative und aktuelle Produkte f{\"u}r einen modernen Politik- und Wirtschaftsunterricht. Neben dem neuen Lehrplan sind die Vorgaben des Medienkompetenzrahmens und die besonderen Herausforderungen heterogener Lerngruppen ber{\"u}cksichtigt. Wir bieten Ihnen einen problemorientierten und sch{\"u}lernahen Unterricht. Die Rubrik "Gemeinsam aktiv" erm{\"o}glicht ein selbstgesteuertes Lernen. Die Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}ler erarbeiten sich projektartig gr{\"o}ßere Einheiten eines Kapitels. Sie k{\"o}nnen Ihren Unterricht einfach und schnell besonders vielf{\"a}ltig und spannend gestalten. Durch Fallbeispiele werden die Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}ler direkt angesprochen. Eine kreative Vielfalt aus Bild-, Grafik- und Textmaterial, aktivierende Aufgaben, Methoden-und Grundwissenseiten und ein Kompetenzcheck zum Abschluss der Großkapitel vervollst{\"a}ndigen das Angebot. Zu jeder Unterrichtseinheit wird passgenau zum Schulbuch unterschiedliches Differenzierungsmaterial (Texte in einfacher Sprache, Vorstrukturierung von Aufgaben u.v.m.) erstellt. Dieses steht Ihnen in unserem digitalen Lehrermaterial click \& teach zur Verf{\"u}gung und kann von Ihnen nach individuellen Bed{\"u}rfnissen f{\"u}r einzelne digitale Schulb{\"u}cher click \& study freigeschaltet werden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{DeekenHinzKlitschetal.2022,
  author    = {Deeken, Johannes and Hinz, Carsten and Klitsch, Constantin and L{\"o}ffler, Robert and Penning, Isabelle and Richter, Christin and Sch{\"a}fer, David},
  title     = {\#Wirtschaft - Nordrhein-Westfalen},
  number    = {7/8},
  editor    = {Kirchner, Vera},
  publisher = {Buchner},
  address   = {Bamberg},
  isbn      = {978-3-661-82252-5},
  pages     = {192},
  year      = {2022},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{KirchnerHinzAlischetal.2022,
  author    = {Kirchner, Vera and Hinz, Carsten and Alisch, Julia and Hammer, Carolin and Klitsch, Constantin and L{\"o}ffler, Robert and Penning, Isabelle and Richter, Christin},
  title     = {\#WAT 1},
  editor    = {Kirchner, Vera},
  publisher = {Buchner Verlag},
  address   = {Bamberg},
  isbn      = {978-3-661-82301-0},
  pages     = {288},
  year      = {2022},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{TepperGarciaRichterSchayeetal.2011,
  author    = {Tepper-Garcia, Thorsten and Richter, Philipp and Schaye, Joop and Booth, C. M. and Vecchia, Claudio Dalla and Theuns, Tom and Wiersma, Robert P. C.},
  title     = {Absorption signatures of warm-hot gas at low redshift o vi},
  series = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
  volume    = {413},
  journal   = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  address   = {Hoboken},
  issn      = {0035-8711},
  doi       = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.18123.x},
  pages     = {190 -- 212},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {We investigate the origin and physical properties of O vi absorbers at low redshift (z = 0.25) using a subset of cosmological, hydrodynamical simulations from the OverWhelmingly Large Simulations (OWLS) project. Intervening O vi absorbers are believed to trace shock-heated gas in the warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) and may thus play a key role in the search for the missing baryons in the present-day Universe. When compared to observations, the predicted distributions of the different O vi line parameters (column density, Doppler parameter, rest equivalent width W-r) from our simulations exhibit a lack of strong O vi absorbers, a discrepancy that has also been found by Oppenheimer \& Dave. This suggests that physical processes on subgrid scales (e.g. turbulence) may strongly influence the observed properties of O vi systems. We find that the intervening O vi absorption arises mainly in highly metal enriched (10-1 < Z/Z(circle dot) less than or similar to 1) gas at typical overdensities of 1 < /<<>> less than or similar to 102. One-third of the O vi absorbers in our simulation are found to trace gas at temperatures T < 105 K, while the rest arises in gas at higher temperatures, most of them around T = 105.3 +/- 0.5 K. These temperatures are much higher than inferred by Oppenheimer \& Dave, probably because that work did not take the suppression of metal-line cooling by the photoionizing background radiation into account. While the O vi resides in a similar region of (, T)-space as much of the shock-heated baryonic matter, the vast majority of this gas has a lower metal content and does not give rise to detectable O vi absorption. As a consequence of the patchy metal distribution, O vi absorbers in our simulations trace only a very small fraction of the cosmic baryons (< 2 per cent) and the cosmic metals. Instead, these systems presumably trace previously shock-heated, metal-rich material from galactic winds that is now mixing with the ambient gas and cooling. The common approach of comparing O vi and H i column densities to estimate the physical conditions in intervening absorbers from QSO observations may be misleading, as most of the H i (and most of the gas mass) is not physically connected with the high-metallicity patches that give rise to the O vi absorption.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MurrayStanimirovicMcClureGriffithsetal.2015,
  author    = {Murray, Claire E. and Stanimirovic, Snezana and McClure-Griffiths, Naomi M. and Putman, Mary E. and Liszt, Harvey S. and Wong, Tony and Richter, Philipp and Dawson, Joanne R. and Dickey, John M. and Lindner, Robert R. and Babler, Brian L. and Allison, James R.},
  title     = {First detection of HCO+ absorption in the magellanic system},
  series = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics},
  volume    = {808},
  journal   = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.},
  address   = {Bristol},
  issn      = {0004-637X},
  doi       = {10.1088/0004-637X/808/1/41},
  pages     = {6},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {We present the first detection of HCO+ absorption in the Magellanic System. Using the ATCA, we observed nine extragalactic radio continuum sources behind the Magellanic System and detected HCO+ absorption toward one source located behind the leading edge of the Magellanic Bridge. The detection is located at an LSR velocity of v = 214.0 +/- 0.4 km s(-1), with an FWHM of Delta v = 4.5 +/- 1.0 km s(-1), and an optical depth of tau (HCO+) = 0.10 +/- 0.02. Although there is abundant neutral hydrogen (H I) surrounding the sight line in position-velocity space, at the exact location of the absorber the H I column density is low, <10(20) cm(-2), and there is little evidence for dust or CO emission from Planck observations. While the origin and survival of molecules in such a diffuse environment remain unclear, dynamical events such as H I flows and cloud collisions in this interacting system likely play an important role.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{KossertZirrRichteretal.2011,
  author    = {Kossert, Thomas and Zirr, Alexander and Richter, Wenke and Sch{\"o}nauer, Tobias and Langer, Herbert and H{\"a}cker, Susanne and F{\"u}ssel, Marian and Asche, Matthias and Br{\"o}chler, Anja and Oldach, Robert and Kloosterhuis, J{\"u}rgen and Pr{\"o}ve, Ralf and Ludwig, Ulrike and Rischke, Janine and Theilig, Stephan},
  title     = {Milit{\"a}r und Gesellschaft in der Fr{\"u}hen Neuzeit = Themenheft: Universit{\"a}ten im Dreißigj{\"a}hrigen Krieg},
  volume    = {15},
  number    = {1},
  editor    = {Kossert, Thomas},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-152-3},
  issn      = {1617-9722},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53892},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {Die Geschichte der deutschen Universit{\"a}ten in der Zeit des Dreißigj{\"a}hrigen Krieges geh{\"o}rt traditionell nicht zu den bevorzugten Themen der historischen Forschung - weder der universit{\"a}ts-, noch der milit{\"a}rgeschichtlichen. Dieses ausgesprochene Desiderat hat spezifisch historiographiegeschichtliche Gr{\"u}nde und ist noch heute f{\"u}r viele Verzerrungen und Einseitigkeiten bei der Darstellung dieser f{\"u}r das deutsche Universit{\"a}tswesen durchaus z{\"a}surhaften Epoche verantwortlich. Die in diesem Heft pr{\"a}sentierten exemplarischen Studien gehen auf Vortr{\"a}ge eines Workshops des Arbeitskreises Milit{\"a}r und Gesellschaft in der Fr{\"u}hen Neuzeit auf Schloss Friedenstein in Gotha im Mai 2010 zur{\"u}ck und verstehen sich als eine erste Ann{\"a}herung an ein noch weithin offenes, aber keineswegs ausgesch{\"o}pftes Forschungsfeld.},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{AkyaziBergmannDieterichsetal.2023,
  author    = {Akyazi, Mehmet and Bergmann, Dana and Dieterichs, Michael and G{\"a}nz, Victoria and Hinz, Carsten and Huhn, Nicola and Klitsch, Constantin and Koch, Hayo and L{\"o}ffler, Robert and Meis, Robin and Penning, Isabelle and Rasky, Nicolai and Richter, Christin and Schellen, Ricarda and Schr{\"o}dter, Ayla and Schulz, Oliver and Simon, Veronika and Trojecka, Anetta and Verwohlt, Peter and Vogler, Christin and Vogt, Birgit},
  title     = {\#Gesellschaftslehre 9/10},
  volume    = {[Sch{\"u}lerband]},
  publisher = {C.C. Buchner},
  address   = {Bamberg},
  isbn      = {978-3-661-70053-3},
  pages     = {464},
  year      = {2023},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{GaenzHinzHuhnetal.2022,
  author    = {G{\"a}nz, Victoria and Hinz, Carsten and Huhn, Nicola and Klitsch, Constantin and L{\"o}ffler, Robert and Meis, Robin and Penning, Isabelle and Richter, Christin and Schellen, Ricarda and Schr{\"o}dter, Ayla and Schulz, Oliver and Simon, Veronika and Trojecka, Anetta and Verwohlt, Peter and Vogler, Christin and Vogt, Birgit},
  title     = {\#Gesellschaftslehre 7/8},
  volume    = {[Sch{\"u}lerband]},
  publisher = {C.C. Buchner},
  address   = {Bamberg},
  isbn      = {978-3-661-70052-6},
  pages     = {400},
  year      = {2022},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{KirchnerDeekenHinzetal.2022,
  author    = {Kirchner, Vera and Deeken, Johannes and Hinz, Carsten and Klitsch, Constantin and L{\"o}ffler, Robert and Penning, Isabelle and Richter, Christin and Sch{\"a}fer, David},
  title     = {Differenzierungsheft},
  series = {\#Wirtschaft Band 7/8 - Nordrhein-Westfalen},
  journal   = {\#Wirtschaft Band 7/8 - Nordrhein-Westfalen},
  publisher = {Buchner},
  address   = {Bamberg},
  isbn      = {978-3-66182-249-5},
  pages     = {56},
  year      = {2022},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{BeneckeDeekenHammeretal.2020,
  author    = {Benecke, Karin and Deeken, Johannes and Hammer, Carolin and Hinz, Carsten and L{\"o}ffler, Robert and Penning, Isabelle and Richter, Christin and Sch{\"a}fer, David and Scherer, Hubertus},
  title     = {\#Wirtschaft - Niedersachsen},
  editor    = {Kirchner, Vera},
  publisher = {Buchner},
  address   = {Bamberg},
  isbn      = {978-3-661-82241-9},
  pages     = {320},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{DamleSparreRichteretal.2022,
  author    = {Damle, Mitali and Sparre, Martin and Richter, Philipp and Hani, Maan H. and Nuza, Sebastian and Pfrommer, Christoph and Grand, Robert J. J. and Hoffman, Yehuda and Libeskind, Noam and Sorce, Jenny and Steinmetz, Mathias and Tempel, Elmo and Vogelsberger, Mark and Wang, Peng},
  title     = {Cold and hot gas distribution around the Milky-Way - M31 system in the HESTIA simulations},
  series = {Monthly notices of the royal astronomical society},
  volume    = {512},
  journal   = {Monthly notices of the royal astronomical society},
  publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0035-8711},
  doi       = {10.1093/mnras/stac663},
  pages     = {3717 -- 3737},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Recent observations have revealed remarkable insights into the gas reservoir in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of galaxy haloes. In this paper, we characterise the gas in the vicinity of Milky Way and Andromeda analogues in the hestia (High resolution Environmental Simulations of The Immediate Area) suite of constrained Local Group (LG) simulations. The hestia suite comprise of a set of three high-resolution arepo-based simulations of the LG, run using the Auriga galaxy formation model. For this paper, we focus only on the 𝑧 = 0 simulation datasets and generate mock skymaps along with a power spectrum analysis to show that the distributions of ions tracing low-temperature gas (H i and Si iii) are more clumpy in comparison to warmer gas tracers (O vi, O vii and O viii). We compare to the spectroscopic CGM observations of M31 and low-redshift galaxies. hestia under-produces the column densities of the M31 observations, but the simulations are consistent with the observations of low-redshift galaxies. A possible explanation for these findings is that the spectroscopic observations of M31 are contaminated by gas residing in the CGM of the Milky Way.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{VaidSomaniRussaketal.2020,
  author    = {Vaid, Akhil and Somani, Sulaiman and Russak, Adam J. and De Freitas, Jessica K. and Chaudhry, Fayzan F. and Paranjpe, Ishan and Johnson, Kipp W. and Lee, Samuel J. and Miotto, Riccardo and Richter, Felix and Zhao, Shan and Beckmann, Noam D. and Naik, Nidhi and Kia, Arash and Timsina, Prem and Lala, Anuradha and Paranjpe, Manish and Golden, Eddye and Danieletto, Matteo and Singh, Manbir and Meyer, Dara and O'Reilly, Paul F. and Huckins, Laura and Kovatch, Patricia and Finkelstein, Joseph and Freeman, Robert M. and Argulian, Edgar and Kasarskis, Andrew and Percha, Bethany and Aberg, Judith A. and Bagiella, Emilia and Horowitz, Carol R. and Murphy, Barbara and Nestler, Eric J. and Schadt, Eric E. and Cho, Judy H. and Cordon-Cardo, Carlos and Fuster, Valentin and Charney, Dennis S. and Reich, David L. and B{\"o}ttinger, Erwin and Levin, Matthew A. and Narula, Jagat and Fayad, Zahi A. and Just, Allan C. and Charney, Alexander W. and Nadkarni, Girish N. and Glicksberg, Benjamin S.},
  title     = {Machine learning to predict mortality and critical events in a cohort of patients with COVID-19 in New York City: model development and validation},
  series = {Journal of medical internet research : international scientific journal for medical research, information and communication on the internet ; JMIR},
  volume    = {22},
  journal   = {Journal of medical internet research : international scientific journal for medical research, information and communication on the internet ; JMIR},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {Healthcare World},
  address   = {Richmond, Va.},
  issn      = {1439-4456},
  doi       = {10.2196/24018},
  pages     = {19},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Background: COVID-19 has infected millions of people worldwide and is responsible for several hundred thousand fatalities. The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated thoughtful resource allocation and early identification of high-risk patients. However, effective methods to meet these needs are lacking. Objective: The aims of this study were to analyze the electronic health records (EHRs) of patients who tested positive for COVID-19 and were admitted to hospitals in the Mount Sinai Health System in New York City; to develop machine learning models for making predictions about the hospital course of the patients over clinically meaningful time horizons based on patient characteristics at admission; and to assess the performance of these models at multiple hospitals and time points. Methods: We used Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and baseline comparator models to predict in-hospital mortality and critical events at time windows of 3, 5, 7, and 10 days from admission. Our study population included harmonized EHR data from five hospitals in New York City for 4098 COVID-19-positive patients admitted from March 15 to May 22, 2020. The models were first trained on patients from a single hospital (n=1514) before or on May 1, externally validated on patients from four other hospitals (n=2201) before or on May 1, and prospectively validated on all patients after May 1 (n=383). Finally, we established model interpretability to identify and rank variables that drive model predictions. Results: Upon cross-validation, the XGBoost classifier outperformed baseline models, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) for mortality of 0.89 at 3 days, 0.85 at 5 and 7 days, and 0.84 at 10 days. XGBoost also performed well for critical event prediction, with an AUC-ROC of 0.80 at 3 days, 0.79 at 5 days, 0.80 at 7 days, and 0.81 at 10 days. In external validation, XGBoost achieved an AUC-ROC of 0.88 at 3 days, 0.86 at 5 days, 0.86 at 7 days, and 0.84 at 10 days for mortality prediction. Similarly, the unimputed XGBoost model achieved an AUC-ROC of 0.78 at 3 days, 0.79 at 5 days, 0.80 at 7 days, and 0.81 at 10 days. Trends in performance on prospective validation sets were similar. At 7 days, acute kidney injury on admission, elevated LDH, tachypnea, and hyperglycemia were the strongest drivers of critical event prediction, while higher age, anion gap, and C-reactive protein were the strongest drivers of mortality prediction. Conclusions: We externally and prospectively trained and validated machine learning models for mortality and critical events for patients with COVID-19 at different time horizons. These models identified at-risk patients and uncovered underlying relationships that predicted outcomes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ChanChaudharySahaetal.2021,
  author    = {Chan, Lili and Chaudhary, Kumardeep and Saha, Aparna and Chauhan, Kinsuk and Vaid, Akhil and Zhao, Shan and Paranjpe, Ishan and Somani, Sulaiman and Richter, Felix and Miotto, Riccardo and Lala, Anuradha and Kia, Arash and Timsina, Prem and Li, Li and Freeman, Robert and Chen, Rong and Narula, Jagat and Just, Allan C. and Horowitz, Carol and Fayad, Zahi and Cordon-Cardo, Carlos and Schadt, Eric and Levin, Matthew A. and Reich, David L. and Fuster, Valentin and Murphy, Barbara and He, John C. and Charney, Alexander W. and B{\"o}ttinger, Erwin and Glicksberg, Benjamin and Coca, Steven G. and Nadkarni, Girish N.},
  title     = {AKI in hospitalized patients with COVID-19},
  series = {Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN},
  volume    = {32},
  journal   = {Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {American Society of Nephrology},
  address   = {Washington},
  organization    = {Mt Sinai COVID Informatics Ct},
  issn      = {1046-6673},
  doi       = {10.1681/ASN.2020050615},
  pages     = {151 -- 160},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Background: Early reports indicate that AKI is common among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and associatedwith worse outcomes. However, AKI among hospitalized patients with COVID19 in the United States is not well described. Methods: This retrospective, observational study involved a review of data from electronic health records of patients aged >= 18 years with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to the Mount Sinai Health System from February 27 to May 30, 2020. We describe the frequency of AKI and dialysis requirement, AKI recovery, and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with mortality. Results: Of 3993 hospitalized patients with COVID-19, AKI occurred in 1835 (46\%) patients; 347 (19\%) of the patientswith AKI required dialysis. The proportionswith stages 1, 2, or 3 AKIwere 39\%, 19\%, and 42\%, respectively. A total of 976 (24\%) patients were admitted to intensive care, and 745 (76\%) experienced AKI. Of the 435 patients with AKI and urine studies, 84\% had proteinuria, 81\% had hematuria, and 60\% had leukocyturia. Independent predictors of severe AKI were CKD, men, and higher serum potassium at admission. In-hospital mortality was 50\% among patients with AKI versus 8\% among those without AKI (aOR, 9.2; 95\% confidence interval, 7.5 to 11.3). Of survivors with AKI who were discharged, 35\% had not recovered to baseline kidney function by the time of discharge. An additional 28 of 77 (36\%) patients who had not recovered kidney function at discharge did so on posthospital follow-up. Conclusions: AKI is common among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and is associated with high mortality. Of all patients with AKI, only 30\% survived with recovery of kidney function by the time of discharge.},
  language  = {en}
}