@misc{VoltmerKieschkeSchwappachetal.2008,
  author    = {Voltmer, Edgar and Kieschke, Ulf and Schwappach, David L.B. and Wirsching, Michael and Spahn, Claudia},
  title     = {Psychosocial health risk factors and resources of medical students and physicians},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {641},
  issn      = {1866-8364},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43121},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431211},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Background Epidemiological data indicate elevated psychosocial health risks for physicians, e.g., burnout, depression, marital disturbances, alcohol and substance abuse, and suicide. The purpose of this study was to identify psychosocial health resources and risk factors in profession-related behaviour and experience patterns of medical students and physicians that may serve as a basis for appropriate health promoting interventions. Methods The questionnaire -Related Behaviour and Experience "Work administered in cross-sectional surveys to students in the first (n = 475) and in the fifth year of studies (n = 355) in required courses at three German universities and to physicians in early professional life in the vicinity of these universities (n = 381). Results Scores reflecting a healthy behaviour pattern were less likely in physicians (16.7\%) compared to 5th year (26.0\%) and 1st year students (35.1\%) while scores representing unambitious and resigned patterns were more common among physicians (43.4\% vs. 24.4\% vs. 41.0\% and 27.3\% vs. 17.2\% vs. 23.3 respectively). Female and male responders differed in the domains professional commitment, resistance to stress and emotional well-being. Female physicians on average scored higher in the dimensions resignation tendencies, satisfaction with life and experience of social support, and lower in career ambition. Conclusion The results show distinct psychosocial stress patterns among medical students and physicians. Health promotion and prevention of psychosocial symptoms and impairments should be integrated as a required part of the medical curriculum and be considered an important issue during the further training of physicians.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BauerStammVirnichetal.2006,
  author    = {Bauer, Joachim and Stamm, Axel and Virnich, Katharina and Wissing, Karen and M{\"u}ller, Udo and Wirsching, Michael and Schaarschmidt, Uwe},
  title     = {Correlation between burnout syndrome and psychological and psychosomatic symptoms among teachers},
  issn      = {0340-0131},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00420-005-0050-y},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Objectives: Psychosomatic disorders and symptoms that correlate with the so-called burnout syndrome turned out to be the main cause of increasing rates of premature retirement of school teachers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between occupational burden and psychological strain of teachers who are still in work. Methods: A sample of 408 teachers at ten grammar schools (am: High school; German: Gymnasium) in south-western Germany was evaluated. To determine the styles of coping with occupational burden we used the measure of coping capacity questionnaire (MECCA). To analyse the psychopathological and psychosomatic symptom load we applied SCL 90 R questionnaire. Results: According to the MECCA questionnaire, 32.5\% of the sample suffered from burnout (type B), 17.7\% suffered severe strain (type A), 35.9\% showed an unambitious (type S) and 13.8\% showed a healthy-ambitious coping style (type G). Burnout was significantly higher among women, divorced teachers and teachers working part-time. As part of the MECCA, teachers were asked to rate what they regarded as the strongest factor resulting in occupational burden. Teachers indicated that, besides high numbers of pupils in one class, they regarded destructive and aggressive behaviour of pupils as the primary stress factor. According to the SCL 90 R, 20\% of the sample showed a severe degree (defined as > 70 points in the SCL90R GSI) of psychological and psychosomatic symptoms. MECCA type B (burnout) correlated significantly with high psychological and psychosomatic symptom load according to the SCL90R. Conclusions: In school teachers, burnout syndrome, a construct that derived from occupational psychology and occupational medicine, is significantly correlated with psychological and psychosomatic symptoms. Teachers rate destructive and aggressive behaviour of pupils as the primary stress factor.},
  language  = {en}
}