@article{MalinovaQasimBrustetal.2018,
  author    = {Malinova, Irina and Qasim, Hadeel M. and Brust, Henrike and Fettke, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Parameters of Starch Granule Genesis in Chloroplasts of Arabidopsis thaliana},
  series = {Frontiers in Plant Science},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Plant Science},
  publisher = {Frontiers Media},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {1664-462X},
  doi       = {10.3389/fpls.2018.00761},
  pages     = {1 -- 7},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Starch is the primary storage carbohydrate in most photosynthetic organisms and allows the accumulation of carbon and energy in form of an insoluble and semi-crystalline particle. In the last decades large progress, especially in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, was made in understanding the structure and metabolism of starch and its conjunction. The process underlying the initiation of starch granules remains obscure, although this is a fundamental process and seems to be strongly regulated, as in Arabidopsis leaves the starch granule number per chloroplast is fixed with 5-7. Several single, double, and triple mutants were reported in the last years that showed massively alterations in the starch granule number per chloroplast and allowed further insights in this important process. This mini review provides an overview of the current knowledge of processes involved in the initiation and formation of starch granules. We discuss the central role of starch synthase 4 and further proteins for starch genesis and affecting metabolic factors.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MalinovaFettke2017,
  author    = {Malinova, Irina and Fettke, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Reduced starch granule number per chloroplast in the dpe2/phs1 mutant is dependent on initiation of starch degradation},
  series = {PLoS one},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {PLoS one},
  publisher = {PLoS},
  address   = {San Fransisco},
  issn      = {1932-6203},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0187985},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {An Arabidopsis double knock-out mutant lacking cytosolic disproportionating enzyme 2 (DPE2) and the plastidial phosphorylase (PHS1) revealed a dwarf-growth phenotype, reduced starch content, an uneven distribution of starch within the plant rosette, and a reduced number of starch granules per chloroplast under standard growth conditions. In contrast, the wild type contained 5-7 starch granules per chloroplast. Mature and old leaves of the double mutant were essentially starch free and showed plastidial disintegration. Several analyses revealed that the number of starch granules per chloroplast was affected by the dark phase. So far, it was unclear if it was the dark phase per se or starch degradation in the dark that was connected to the observed decrease in the number of starch granules per chloroplast. Therefore, in the background of the double mutant dpe2/phs1, a triple mutant was generated lacking the initial starch degrading enzyme glucan, water dikinase (GWD). The triple mutant showed improved plant growth, a starch-excess phenotype, and a homogeneous starch distribution. Furthermore, the number of starch granules per chloroplast was increased and was similar to wild type. However, starch granule morphology was only slightly affected by the lack of GWD as in the triple mutant and, like in dpe2/phs1, more spherical starch granules were observed. The characterized triple mutant was discussed in the context of the generation of starch granules and the formation of starch granule morphology.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MalinovaKoesslerOrawetzetal.2019,
  author    = {Malinova, Irina and K{\"o}ssler, Stella and Orawetz, Tom and Matthes, Ulrike and Orzechowski, Slawomir and Koch, Anke and Fettke, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Identification of two Arabidopsis thaliana plasma membrane transporters able to transport glucose 1-phosphate},
  series = {Plant \& cell physiology},
  volume    = {61},
  journal   = {Plant \& cell physiology},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0032-0781},
  doi       = {10.1093/pcp/pcz206},
  pages     = {381 -- 392},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Primary carbohydrate metabolism in plants includes several sugar and sugar-derivative transport processes. Over recent years, evidences have shown that in starch-related transport processes, in addition to glucose 6-phosphate, maltose, glucose and triose-phosphates, glucose 1-phosphate also plays a role and thereby increases the possible fluxes of sugar metabolites in planta. In this study, we report the characterization of two highly similar transporters, At1g34020 and At4g09810, in Arabidopsis thaliana, which allow the import of glucose 1-phosphate through the plasma membrane. Both transporters were expressed in yeast and were biochemically analyzed to reveal an antiport of glucose 1-phosphate/phosphate. Furthermore, we showed that the apoplast of Arabidopsis leaves contained glucose 1-phosphate and that the corresponding mutant of these transporters had higher glucose 1-phosphate amounts in the apoplast and alterations in starch and starch-related metabolism.},
  language  = {en}
}