@misc{IvenHansenAndersetal.2020, author = {Iven, Claudia and Hansen, Bernd and Anders, Kristina and Starke, Andreas and Richardt, Kirsten and Pr{\"u}ß, Holger and El Meskioui, Martina and Haase, Tobias and Mahlberg, Lea and Wiehe, Lea and de Beer, Carola and Niepelt Karampamapa, Rebekka and Hofmann, Andrea and Stadie, Nicole and Hanne, Sandra and Thomson, Jenny and Sch{\"a}fer, Blanca and Huttenlauch, Clara and Wartenburger, Isabell and Weiland, Katharina and Wirsam, Anke and Hartung, Julia and Wahl, Michael and Unger, Julia and Buschmann, Anke and Seefeld, Martin and Bethge, Anita and Fieder, Nora and Rahman, Rasha Abdel and Nousair, Iman and Klassert, Annegret and Wellmann, Caroline and Verbree, Rahel and van Rij, Jacolien and Sprenger, Simone and M{\"a}hl, Anna Luisa and Schneider, Kathleen and Kutz, Anne and Kaps, Hella and Frank, Ulrike and Brekeller, Sophie and Ryll, Katja}, title = {Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 12. Schwerpunktthema: Weg(e) mit dem Stottern: Therapie und Selbsthilfe f{\"u}r Kinder und Erwachsene}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, number = {12}, editor = {Breitenstein, Sarah and Burmester, Juliane and Yetim, {\"O}zlem and Fritzsche, Tom}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-479-1}, issn = {1866-9085}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43700}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-437002}, pages = {viii, 257}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Das 12. Herbsttreffen Patholinguistik mit dem Schwerpunktthema »Weg(e) mit dem Stottern: Therapie und Selbsthilfe f{\"u}r Kinder und Erwachsene« fand am 24.11.2018 in Potsdam statt. Das Herbsttreffen wird seit 2007 j{\"a}hrlich vom Verband f{\"u}r Patholinguistik e.V. (vpl) durchgef{\"u}hrt. Der vorliegende Tagungsband beinhaltet die Vortr{\"a}ge zum Schwerpunktthema sowie Beitr{\"a}ge der Posterpr{\"a}sentationen zu weiteren Themen aus der sprachtherapeutischen Forschung und Praxis.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{JacqminOezdemirFellKurbanetal.2021, author = {Jacqmin, Julien and {\"O}zdemir, Paker Doğu and Fell Kurban, Caroline and Tun{\c{c}} Pekkan, Zelha and Koskinen, Johanna and Suonp{\"a}{\"a}, Maija and Seng, Cheyvuth and Carlon, May Kristine Jonson and Gayed, John Maurice and Cross, Jeffrey S. and Langseth, Inger and Jacobsen, Dan Yngve and Haugsbakken, Halvdan and Bethge, Joseph and Serth, Sebastian and Staubitz, Thomas and Wuttke, Tobias and Nordemann, Oliver and Das, Partha-Pratim and Meinel, Christoph and Ponce, Eva and Srinath, Sindhu and Allegue, Laura and Perach, Shai and Alexandron, Giora and Corti, Paola and Baudo, Valeria and Turr{\´o}, Carlos and Moura Santos, Ana and Nilsson, Charlotta and Maldonado-Mahauad, Jorge and Valdiviezo, Javier and Carvallo, Juan Pablo and Samaniego-Erazo, Nicolay and Poce, Antonella and Re, Maria Rosaria and Valente, Mara and Karp Gershon, Sa'ar and Ruip{\´e}rez-Valiente, Jos{\´e} A. and Despujol, Ignacio and Busquets, Jaime and Kerr, John and Lorenz, Anja and Sch{\"o}n, Sandra and Ebner, Martin and Wittke, Andreas and Beirne, Elaine and Nic Giolla Mhich{\´i}l, Mair{\´e}ad and Brown, Mark and Mac Lochlainn, Conch{\´u}r and Topali, Paraskevi and Chounta, Irene-Angelica and Ortega-Arranz, Alejandro and Villagr{\´a}-Sobrino, Sara L. and Mart{\´i}nez-Mon{\´e}s, Alejandra and Blackwell, Virginia Katherine and Wiltrout, Mary Ellen and Rami Gaddem, Mohamed and Hern{\´a}ndez Reyes, C{\´e}sar Augusto and Nagahama, Toru and Buchem, Ilona and Okatan, Ebru and Khalil, Mohammad and Casiraghi, Daniela and Sancassani, Susanna and Brambilla, Federica and Mihaescu, Vlad and Andone, Diana and Vasiu, Radu and Şahin, Muhittin and Egloffstein, Marc and Bothe, Max and Rohloff, Tobias and Schenk, Nathanael and Schwerer, Florian and Ifenthaler, Dirk and Hense, Julia and Bernd, Mike}, title = {EMOOCs 2021}, editor = {Meinel, Christoph and Staubitz, Thomas and Schweiger, Stefanie and Friedl, Christian and Kiers, Janine and Ebner, Martin and Lorenz, Anja and Ubachs, George and Mongenet, Catherine and Ruip{\´e}rez-Valiente, Jos{\´e} A. and Cortes Mendez, Manoel}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-512-5}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-51030}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-510300}, pages = {vii, 295}, year = {2021}, abstract = {From June 22 to June 24, 2021, Hasso Plattner Institute, Potsdam, hosted the seventh European MOOC Stakeholder Summit (EMOOCs 2021) together with the eighth ACM Learning@Scale Conference. Due to the COVID-19 situation, the conference was held fully online. The boost in digital education worldwide as a result of the pandemic was also one of the main topics of this year's EMOOCs. All institutions of learning have been forced to transform and redesign their educational methods, moving from traditional models to hybrid or completely online models at scale. The learnings, derived from practical experience and research, have been explored in EMOOCs 2021 in six tracks and additional workshops, covering various aspects of this field. In this publication, we present papers from the conference's Experience Track, the Policy Track, the Business Track, the International Track, and the Workshops.}, language = {en} } @article{HolzBoeckerSchlierBuchmannetal.2017, author = {Holz, Nathalie E. and Boecker-Schlier, Regina and Buchmann, Arlette F. and Blomeyer, Dorothea and Jennen-Steinmetz, Christine and Baumeister, Sarah and Plichta, Michael M. and Cattrell, Anna and Schumann, Gunter and Esser, G{\"u}nter and Schmidt, Martin and Buitelaar, Jan and Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas and Banaschewski, Tobias and Brandeis, Daniel and Laucht, Manfred}, title = {Ventral striatum and amygdala activity as convergence sites for early adversity and conduct disorder}, series = {Frontiers in human neuroscience}, volume = {12}, journal = {Frontiers in human neuroscience}, number = {2}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {1749-5016}, doi = {10.1093/scan/nsw120}, pages = {261 -- 272}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Childhood family adversity (CFA) increases the risk for conduct disorder (CD) and has been associated with alterations in regions of affective processing like ventral striatum (VS) and amygdala. However, no study so far has demonstrated neural converging effects of CFA and CD in the same sample. At age 25 years, functional MRI data during two affective tasks, i.e. a reward (N = 171) and a face-matching paradigm (N = 181) and anatomical scans (N = 181) were acquired in right-handed currently healthy participants of an epidemiological study followed since birth. CFA during childhood was determined using a standardized parent interview. Disruptive behaviors and CD diagnoses during childhood and adolescence were obtained by diagnostic interview (2-19 years), temperamental reward dependence was assessed by questionnaire (15 and 19 years). CFA predicted increased CD and amygdala volume. Both exposure to CFA and CD were associated with a decreased VS response during reward anticipation and blunted amygdala activity during face-matching. CD mediated the effect of CFA on brain activity. Temperamental reward dependence was negatively correlated with CFA and CD and positively with VS activity. These findings underline the detrimental effects of CFA on the offspring's affective processing and support the importance of early postnatal intervention programs aiming to reduce childhood adversity factors.}, language = {en} } @article{StaubitzSerthThomasetal.2023, author = {Staubitz, Thomas and Serth, Sebastian and Thomas, Max and Ebner, Martin and Koschutnig-Ebner, Markus and Rampelt, Florian and von Stetten, Alexander and Wittke, Andreas}, title = {A metastandard for the international exchange of MOOCs}, series = {EMOOCs 2023 : Post-Covid Prospects for Massive Open Online Courses - Boost or Backlash?}, journal = {EMOOCs 2023 : Post-Covid Prospects for Massive Open Online Courses - Boost or Backlash?}, editor = {Meinel, Christoph and Schweiger, Stefanie and Staubitz, Thomas and Conrad, Robert and Alario Hoyos, Carlos and Ebner, Martin and Sancassani, Susanna and Żur, Agnieszka and Friedl, Christian and Halawa, Sherif and Gamage, Dilrukshi and Scott, Jeffrey and Kristine Jonson Carlon, May and Deville, Yves and Gaebel, Michael and Delgado Kloos, Carlos and von Schmieden, Karen}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-62415}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-624154}, pages = {147 -- 161}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The MOOChub is a joined web-based catalog of all relevant German and Austrian MOOC platforms that lists well over 750 Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). Automatically building such a catalog requires that all partners describe and publicly offer the metadata of their courses in the same way. The paper at hand presents the genesis of the idea to establish a common metadata standard and the story of its subsequent development. The result of this effort is, first, an open-licensed de-facto-standard, which is based on existing commonly used standards and second, a first prototypical platform that is using this standard: the MOOChub, which lists all courses of the involved partners. This catalog is searchable and provides a more comprehensive overview of basically all MOOCs that are offered by German and Austrian MOOC platforms. Finally, the upcoming developments to further optimize the catalog and the metadata standard are reported.}, language = {en} } @book{FuhrmannSchubarthSchulzeReicheltetal.2019, author = {Fuhrmann, Michaela and Schubarth, Wilfried and Schulze-Reichelt, Friederike and Mauermeister, Sylvi and Seidel, Andreas and Hartmann, Nina and Erdmann, Melinda and Apostolow, Benjamin and Wagner, Laura and Berndt, Sarah and Wippermann, Melanie and Ratzlaff, Olaf and Lumpe, Matthias and Kirjuchina, Ljuba and Rost, Sophia and Zurek, Peter Paul and Faaß, Marcel and Schellhorn, Sebastian and Frank, Mario and Kreitz, Christoph and Wagner, Nelli and Jenneck, Julia and Kleemann, Katrin and Vock, Miriam and Schr{\"o}der, Christian and Erdmann, Kathrin and Koziol, Matthias and Meißner, Marlen and Dibiasi, Anna and Unger, Martin and Piskunova, Elena V. and Bahmutskiy, Andrey E. and Bessonova, Ekatarina A. and Borovik, Ludmila K.}, title = {Alles auf Anfang!}, series = {Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Hochschulforschung}, journal = {Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Hochschulforschung}, number = {4}, editor = {Schubarth, Wilfried and Mauermeister, Sylvi and Schulze-Reichelt, Friederike and Seidel, Andreas}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-452-4}, issn = {2192-1075}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-42296}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-422965}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {373}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Im Zuge der Bologna-Reform ist an Hochschulen vieles in Bewegung gekommen. Studium und Lehre sind st{\"a}rker ins Blickfeld ger{\"u}ckt. Dabei kommt der Studieneingangsphase besondere Bedeutung zu, werden doch hier die Weichen f{\"u}r ein erfolgreiches Studium gestellt. Deshalb ist es verst{\"a}ndlich, dass die Hauptanstrengungen der Hochschulen auf den Studieneingang gerichtet sind - ganz nach dem Motto: „Auf den Anfang kommt es an!". Konsens herrscht dahingehend, dass der Studieneingang neu zu gestalten ist, doch beim „Wie?" gibt es unterschiedliche Antworten. Zugleich wird immer deutlicher, dass eine wirksame Neugestaltung der Eingangsphase nur mit einer umfassenden Reform des Studiums gelingen kann. Ziel des vierten Bandes der Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Hochschulforschung ist es, eine Zwischenbilanz der Debatte zum Studieneingang zu ziehen. Auf der Basis empirischer Studien werden unterschiedliche Perspektiven auf den Studieneingang eingenommen und Empfehlungen zur Optimierung des Studieneingangs abgeleitet. Die zahlreichen Untersuchungsergebnisse Potsdamer Forschergruppen werden durch weitere nationale sowie internationale Perspektiven erg{\"a}nzt. Der Band richtet sich an alle, die sich f{\"u}r die Entwicklung an Hochschulen interessieren.}, language = {de} } @book{FuhrmannGoertzKlagesetal.2020, author = {Fuhrmann, Michaela and Goertz, Stefanie and Klages, Benjamin and Last, Dominique and Strickroth, Sven and Schubarth, Wilfried and Mauermeister, Sylvi and Schulze-Reichelt, Friederike and Erdmann, Melinda and Dreyer, Martin and Konarski, Michael and T{\"a}gener, Judith and Lucke, Ulrike and Hafer, J{\"o}rg and Hartmann, Niklas and Nguyen, Thi To-Uyen and Wittkowski, Ariane and Prickett, David James and Degen, Andreas and Rost, Sophia and Kiy, Alexander and Wagner, Nelli and G{\"o}del, Corinna and Klinnert, Anne and Babbe, Caroline and Schneider, Marie and Hille, Kerstin}, title = {Lehre und Lernen entwickeln - Eine Frage der Gestaltung von {\"U}berg{\"a}ngen}, series = {Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Hochschulforschung}, journal = {Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Hochschulforschung}, number = {6}, editor = {Goertz, Stefanie and Klages, Benjamin and Last, Dominique and Strickroth, Sven}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-498-2}, issn = {2192-1075}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-47681}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-476815}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {336}, year = {2020}, abstract = {An der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam wurden im Rahmen des Qualit{\"a}tspakt Lehre-Projekts „Qualit{\"a}t etablieren in Lehre und Lernen (QueLL)" Maßnahmen f{\"u}r eine Verbesserung der Studienbedingungen und eine Weiterentwicklung der Lehre und des Lernens durchgef{\"u}hrt. Die w{\"a}hrend der neunj{\"a}hrigen Projektlaufzeit thematisierten Fragestellungen, erarbeiteten L{\"o}sungsans{\"a}tze und entsprechenden Erfahrungen werden im vorliegenden Sammelband in Form von wissenschaftlichen Auseinandersetzungen und Werkstattberichten dargestellt und diskutiert. Die Beitr{\"a}ge spiegeln in ihrer thematischen Vielfalt unterschiedliche universit{\"a}re {\"U}bergangsphasen wider, wie in diesem Fall den {\"U}bergang in die Hochschule, {\"U}berg{\"a}nge innerhalb der Hochschule (im Kontext der Organisationsentwicklung, der Weiterbildung akademischer Statusgruppen oder der Entwicklung einer digitalen Lehr-Lernkultur) und schließlich den {\"U}bergang in die Berufspraxis. Denn w{\"a}hrend der Projektlaufzeit hat sich gezeigt, dass die Gestaltung von Lehre und Lernen letztlich immer eine Gestaltung solcher {\"U}berg{\"a}nge ist: sowohl zwischen den innerinstitutionellen Ebenen und Bereichen als auch zwischen Akteur/innen der Hochschule und schließlich ebenso innerhalb des Student Life Cycle. Weiterhin wird anhand der Beitr{\"a}ge deutlich, dass die Entwicklung von Lehre und Studium nicht als isolierte Aufgabe verstanden werden kann, sondern in die Strukturen und Prozesse der Universit{\"a}t hineinwirken und Formen der Zusammenarbeit etablieren sollte, die es braucht, um Projekte nachhaltig zu gestalten. Ziel dieses Bandes ist es, zur Diskussion {\"u}ber Gelingensbedingungen einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung von Lehre und Lernen beizutragen. Damit richtet er sich an Akteur/innen aus der Hochschulleitung, an Lehrende und Forschende sowie Mitarbeitende des Third Space.}, language = {de} } @article{BergnerStreckerTrauthetal.2009, author = {Bergner, Andreas G. N. and Strecker, Manfred and Trauth, Martin H. and Deino, Alan L. and Gasse, Francoise and Blisniuk, Peter Michael and Duehnforth, Miriam}, title = {Tectonic and climatic control on evolution of rift lakes in the Central Kenya Rift, East Africa}, issn = {0277-3791}, doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.07.008}, year = {2009}, abstract = {The long-term histories of the neighboring Nakuru-Elmenteita and Naivasha lake basins in the Central Kenya Rift illustrate the relative importance of tectonic versus climatic effects on rift-lake evolution and the formation of disparate sedimentary environments. Although modem climate conditions in the Central Kenya Rift are very similar for these basins, hydrology and hydrochemistry of present-day lakes Nakuru, Elmenteita and Naivasha contrast dramatically due to tectonically controlled differences in basin geometries, catchment size, and fluvial processes. In this study, we use eighteen C-14 and Ar-40/Ar-39 dated fluvio-lacustrine sedimentary sections to unravel the spatiotemporal evolution of the lake basins in response to tectonic and climatic influences. We reconstruct paleoclimatic and ecological trends recorded in these basins based on fossil diatom assemblages and geologic field mapping. Our study shows a tendency towards increasing alkalinity and shrinkage of water bodies in both lake basins during the last million years. Ongoing volcano-tectonic segmentation of the lake basins, as well as reorganization of upstream drainage networks have led to contrasting hydrologic regimes with adjacent alkaline and freshwater conditions. During extreme wet periods in the past, such as during the early Holocene climate optimum, lake levels were high and all basins evolved toward freshwater systems. During drier periods some of these lakes revert back to alkaline conditions, while others maintain freshwater characteristics. Our results have important implications for the use and interpretation of lake sediment as climate archives in tectonically active regions and emphasize the need to deconvolve lacustrine records with respect to tectonics versus climatic forcing mechanisms.}, language = {en} } @article{TrauthMaslinDeinoetal.2008, author = {Trauth, Martin H. and Maslin, Mark A. and Deino, Alan L. and Strecker, Manfred and Bergner, Andreas G. N. and D{\"u}hnforth, Miriam}, title = {High- and low-latitude forcing of Plio-Pleistocene African climate and human evolution}, doi = {10.1016/j.jhevol.2006.12.009}, year = {2008}, abstract = {The late Cenozoic climate of East Africa is punctuated by episodes of short, alternating periods of extreme wetness and aridity, superimposed on a regime of subdued moisture availability exhibiting a long-term drying trend. These periods of extreme climate variability appear to correlate with maxima in the 400-thousand-year (kyr) component of the Earth's eccentricity cycle. Prior to 2.7 Ma the wet phases appear every 400 kyrs, whereas after 2.7 Ma, the wet phases appear every 800 kyrs, with periods of precessional-forced extreme climate variability at 2.7-2.5 Ma, 1.9-1.7 Ma, and 1.1-0.9 Ma before present. The last three major lake phases occur at the times of major global climatic transitions, such as the onset of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation (2.7-2.5 Ma), intensification of the Walker Circulation (1.9-1.7 Ma), and the Mid-Pleistocene Revolution (1.0-0.7 Ma). High-latitude forcing is required to compress the Intertropical Convergence Zone so that East Africa becomes locally sensitive to precessional forcing, resulting in rapid shifts from wet to dry conditions. These periods of extreme climate variability may have provided a catalyst for evolutionary change and driven key speciation and dispersal events amongst mammals and hominins in East Africa. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{TrauthDeinoBergneretal.2003, author = {Trauth, Martin H. and Deino, Alan and Bergner, Andreas G. N. and Strecker, Manfred}, title = {East African climate change and orbital forcing during the last 175 kyr BP}, year = {2003}, abstract = {Variations in the temporal and spatial distribution of solar radiation caused by orbital changes provide a partial explanation for the observed long-term fluctuations in African lake levels. The understanding of such relationships is essential for designing climate-prediction models for the tropics. Our assessment of the nature and timing of East African climate change is based on lake-level fluctuations of Lake Naivasha in the Central Kenya Rift (0°55'S 36°20'E), inferred from sediment characteristics, diatoms, authigenic mineral assemblages and 17 single-crystal 40Ar/39Ar age determinations. Assuming that these fluctuations reflect climate changes, the Lake Naivasha record demonstrates that periods of increased humidity in East Africa mainly followed maximum equatorial solar radiation in March or September. Interestingly, the most dramatic change in the Naivasha Basin occurred as early as 146 kyr BP and the highest lake level was recorded at about 139 to 133 kyr BP. This is consistent with other well-dated low-latitude climate records, but does not correspond to peaks in Northern Hemisphere summer insolation as the trigger for the ice- age cycles. The Naivasha record therefore provides evidence for low-latitude forcing of the ice-age climate cycles.}, language = {en} } @article{TrauthBookhagenMuelleretal.2003, author = {Trauth, Martin H. and Bookhagen, Bodo and Mueller, Andreas and Strecker, Manfred}, title = {Erosion and climate change in the Santa Maria Basin, NW Argentina during the last 40,000 yrs}, year = {2003}, abstract = {Present erosion and sediment flux in the semi-arid intramontane Santa Maria Basin, NW Argentina are compared with conditions during a period of wetter and more variable climate at about 30,000 14C yrs ago. The results suggest that the influence of climate change on the overall erosional sediment budget is significant, mainly because of a change in the erosion regime coupled with an increase in mass movements. The most effective mechanism to increase landslide activity in this environment is a highly variable climate on inter-annual timescales. In contrast, Quaternary changes in erosional budgets due to variations in moisture regimes is small in the Santa Maria Basin. Since the magnitude of a potential increase in background erosion as well as enhanced landsliding is smaller than typical levels of uncertainty of erosional budgets for such large basins, it is not likely that climate-driven erosional unloading can influence tectonic style and rates in this semi-arid environment on time scales of several 103 to 104 years.}, language = {en} } @book{SchubarthSeidelMauermeisteretal.2017, author = {Schubarth, Wilfried and Seidel, Andreas and Mauermeister, Sylvi and Fuhrmann, Michaela and Faaß, Marcel and Niproschke, Saskia and Zylla, Birgitta and Ulbricht, Juliane and Schulze-Reichelt, Friederike and K{\"o}hler, Anke and Erdmann, Melinda and Ratzlaff, Olaf and Kottmann, Andrea and Unger, Martin and Dibiasi, Anna and Grzywacz, Małgorzata and Miłkowska, Grażyna and Piorunek, Magdalena and Sałaciński, Lech and Grecmanov{\´a}, Helena and Dopita, Miroslav and Kantorov{\´a}, Jana and Wippermann, Melanie and Skopalov{\´a}, Jitka and V'junova, Natalja Ivanovna and Ivanova, Olga Anatol'evna and Apostolow, Benjamin}, title = {Studium nach Bologna}, series = {Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Hochschulforschung}, journal = {Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Hochschulforschung}, number = {3}, editor = {Schubarth, Wilfried and Mauermeister, Sylvi and Seidel, Andreas}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-399-2}, issn = {2192-1075}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103998}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {302}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Ziel des vorliegenden dritten Bandes der Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Hochschulforschung ist es, ausgew{\"a}hlte Aspekte der Hochschuldebatte um Studium und Lehre zu beleuchten und mit empirischen Befunden zu vertiefen. Im ­Fokus stehen solche aktuellen Debatten wie die Gestaltung des Studieneingangs, die Erh{\"o}hung der Besch{\"a}ftigungsbef{\"a}higung, die Qualit{\"a}t der Praktika sowie Probleme der Lehrerbildung. Dabei wird die Hochschuldebatte in Deutschland durch einschl{\"a}gige Beitr{\"a}ge aus anderen, west- und osteurop{\"a}ischen L{\"a}ndern erweitert. Die Reihe versteht sich als Forum verschiedener Akteure aus der Hochschulforschung, die die Diskussion zur Qualit{\"a}tsentwicklung in Lehre und Studium mit ihren Impulsen aus Analysen und empirischen Ergebnissen bereichern sollen. Der Band richtet sich an alle, die sich f{\"u}r die Entwicklung an Hochschulen interessieren.}, language = {de} } @misc{BittlingmayerGerdesPinheiroetal.2018, author = {Bittlingmayer, Uwe H. and Gerdes, J{\"u}rgen and Pinheiro, Paulo and Dege, Martin and Bauer, Ullrich and J{\"a}ntsch, Christian and Kirchhoff, Sandra and Knigge, Michael and K{\"o}pfer, Andreas and Markovic, Sandra and Okcu, G{\"o}zde and Scharenberg, Katja}, title = {Health Promoting Schools (HPS) and the impact of inclusion}, series = {The European Journal of Public Health}, volume = {28}, journal = {The European Journal of Public Health}, number = {Supp. 4}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {1101-1262}, pages = {287 -- 288}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Background: The overall goal of the project 'StiEL' is to contribute to the professional development of teachers and other educational staff working at German secondary schools. The aim is to develop an evidence-based training concept for the inclusion of students with diverse abilities. The project is organized as a collaborative research effort of three partnering institutions and funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research from 2018-2021. Methods: To support the on-going transition towards inclusive school practices, a multi-stage approach is envisaged. The first phase aims at a scoping review of existing literature and programmes on inclusion. The overview is supplemented by interviews with school staff members. Training modules are developed in the second project phase. The third phase of StiEL puts the newly developed training program into practice. The knowledge and skills acquired by the participants through the training as well as the teaching and management of inclusive classrooms after the training are evaluated through longitudinal and ethnographic approaches. The final project phase creates a best practice manual and makes the modules available via open access databases. Results: The presentation will focus on the first phase and try to explore the health-related consequences of the transition towards an inclusive school system in Germany for different participants. We will present preliminary results of expert interviews as well as some results from the literature screening. Due to our findings the current practice on German schools towards the road to inclusion is very stressful for all participants. We will explore recommendations for health promoting schools under conditions of inclusion. Conclusions: In terms of health-related consequences for all participants, the road to inclusion is very ambitious but also very stressful. Regarding the development of an inclusive school system, we need to focus much more on health and health promotion.}, language = {en} } @article{WillmannHeniLinderetal.2019, author = {Willmann, Caroline and Heni, Martin and Linder, Katarzyna and Wagner, Robert and Stefan, Norbert and Machann, J{\"u}rgen and Schulze, Matthias Bernd and Joost, Hans-Georg and Haring, Hans-Ulrich and Fritsche, Andreas}, title = {Potential effects of reduced red meat compared with increased fiber intake on glucose metabolism and liver fat content}, series = {The American journal of clinical nutrition : a publication of the American Society for Nutrition, Inc.}, volume = {109}, journal = {The American journal of clinical nutrition : a publication of the American Society for Nutrition, Inc.}, number = {2}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0002-9165}, doi = {10.1093/ajcn/nqy307}, pages = {288 -- 296}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Background: Epidemiological studies suggest that an increased red meat intake is associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, whereas an increased fiber intake is associated with a lower risk. Objectives: We conducted an intervention study to investigate the effects of these nutritional factors on glucose and lipid metabolism, body-fat distribution, and liver fat content in subjects at increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Methods: This prospective, randomized, and controlled dietary intervention study was performed over 6 mo. All groups decreased their daily caloric intake by 400 kcal. The "control" group (N = 40) only had this requirement. The "no red meat" group (N = 48) in addition aimed to avoid the intake of red meat, and the "fiber" group (N = 44) increased intake of fibers to 40 g/d. Anthropometric parameters and frequently sampled oral glucose tolerance tests were performed before and after intervention. Body-fat mass and distribution, liver fat, and liver iron content were assessed by MRI and single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results: Participants in all groups lost weight (mean 3.3 +/- 0.5 kg, P < 0.0001). Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity improved (P < 0.001), and body and visceral fat mass decreased in all groups (P < 0.001). These changes did not differ between groups. Liver fat content decreased significantly (P < 0.001) with no differences between the groups. The decrease in liver fat correlated with the decrease in ferritin during intervention (r(2) = 0.08, P = 0.0021). This association was confirmed in an independent lifestyle intervention study (Tuebingen Lifestyle Intervention Program, N = 229, P = 0.0084). Conclusions: Our data indicate that caloric restriction leads to a marked improvement in glucose metabolism and body-fat composition, including liver-fat content. The marked reduction in liver fat might be mediated via changes in ferritin levels. In the context of caloric restriction, there seems to be no additional beneficial impact of reduced red meat intake and increased fiber intake on the improvement in cardiometabolic risk parameters. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03231839.}, language = {en} } @article{BarnettWestburySandovalVelascoetal.2020, author = {Barnett, Ross and Westbury, Michael V. and Sandoval-Velasco, Marcela and Vieira, Filipe Garrett and Jeon, Sungwon and Zazula, Grant and Martin, Michael D. and Ho, Simon Y. W. and Mather, Niklas and Gopalakrishnan, Shyam and Ramos-Madrigal, Jazmin and de Manuel, Marc and Zepeda-Mendoza, M. Lisandra and Antunes, Agostinho and Baez, Aldo Carmona and De Cahsan, Binia and Larson, Greger and O'Brien, Stephen J. and Eizirik, Eduardo and Johnson, Warren E. and Koepfli, Klaus-Peter and Wilting, Andreas and Fickel, J{\"o}rns and Dalen, Love and Lorenzen, Eline D. and Marques-Bonet, Tomas and Hansen, Anders J. and Zhang, Guojie and Bhak, Jong and Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki and Gilbert, M. Thomas P.}, title = {Genomic adaptations and evolutionary history of the extinct scimitar-toothed cat}, series = {Current biology}, volume = {30}, journal = {Current biology}, number = {24}, publisher = {Cell Press}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {0960-9822}, doi = {10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.051}, pages = {14}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Homotherium was a genus of large-bodied scimitar-toothed cats, morphologically distinct from any extant felid species, that went extinct at the end of the Pleistocene [1-4]. They possessed large, saber-form serrated canine teeth, powerful forelimbs, a sloping back, and an enlarged optic bulb, all of which were key characteristics for predation on Pleistocene megafauna [5]. Previous mitochondrial DNA phylogenies suggested that it was a highly divergent sister lineage to all extant cat species [6-8]. However, mitochondrial phylogenies can be misled by hybridization [9], incomplete lineage sorting (ILS), or sex-biased dispersal patterns [10], which might be especially relevant for Homotherium since widespread mito-nuclear discrepancies have been uncovered in modern cats [10]. To examine the evolutionary history of Homotherium, we generated a -7x nuclear genome and a similar to 38x exome from H. latidens using shotgun and target-capture sequencing approaches. Phylogenetic analyses reveal Homotherium as highly divergent (similar to 22.5 Ma) from living cat species, with no detectable signs of gene flow. Comparative genomic analyses found signatures of positive selection in several genes, including those involved in vision, cognitive function, and energy consumption, putatively consistent with diurnal activity, well-developed social behavior, and cursorial hunting [5]. Finally, we uncover relatively high levels of genetic diversity, suggesting that Homotherium may have been more abundant than the limited fossil record suggests [3, 4, 11-14]. Our findings complement and extend previous inferences from both the fossil record and initial molecular studies, enhancing our understanding of the evolution and ecology of this remarkable lineage.}, language = {en} } @misc{HeistermannBogenaFranckeetal.2022, author = {Heistermann, Maik and Bogena, Heye and Francke, Till and G{\"u}ntner, Andreas and Jakobi, Jannis and Rasche, Daniel and Schr{\"o}n, Martin and D{\"o}pper, Veronika and Fersch, Benjamin and Groh, Jannis and Patil, Amol and P{\"u}tz, Thomas and Reich, Marvin and Zacharias, Steffen and Zengerle, Carmen and Oswald, Sascha}, title = {Soil moisture observation in a forested headwater catchment: combining a dense cosmic-ray neutron sensor network with roving and hydrogravimetry at the TERENO site W{\"u}stebach}, series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {1272}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-56775}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-567756}, pages = {2501 -- 2519}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) has become an effective method to measure soil moisture at a horizontal scale of hundreds of metres and a depth of decimetres. Recent studies proposed operating CRNS in a network with overlapping footprints in order to cover root-zone water dynamics at the small catchment scale and, at the same time, to represent spatial heterogeneity. In a joint field campaign from September to November 2020 (JFC-2020), five German research institutions deployed 15 CRNS sensors in the 0.4 km2 W{\"u}stebach catchment (Eifel mountains, Germany). The catchment is dominantly forested (but includes a substantial fraction of open vegetation) and features a topographically distinct catchment boundary. In addition to the dense CRNS coverage, the campaign featured a unique combination of additional instruments and techniques: hydro-gravimetry (to detect water storage dynamics also below the root zone); ground-based and, for the first time, airborne CRNS roving; an extensive wireless soil sensor network, supplemented by manual measurements; and six weighable lysimeters. Together with comprehensive data from the long-term local research infrastructure, the published data set (available at https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.756ca0485800474e9dc7f5949c63b872; Heistermann et al., 2022) will be a valuable asset in various research contexts: to advance the retrieval of landscape water storage from CRNS, wireless soil sensor networks, or hydrogravimetry; to identify scale-specific combinations of sensors and methods to represent soil moisture variability; to improve the understanding and simulation of land-atmosphere exchange as well as hydrological and hydrogeological processes at the hillslope and the catchment scale; and to support the retrieval of soil water content from airborne and spaceborne remote sensing platforms.}, language = {en} } @article{TrautmannKoiralaCarvalhaisetal.2022, author = {Trautmann, Tina and Koirala, Sujan and Carvalhais, Nuno and G{\"u}ntner, Andreas and Jung, Martin}, title = {The importance of vegetation in understanding terrestrial water storage variations}, series = {Hydrology and Earth System Sciences}, volume = {26}, journal = {Hydrology and Earth System Sciences}, number = {4}, publisher = {Copernicus}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {1027-5606}, doi = {10.5194/hess-26-1089-2022}, pages = {1089 -- 1109}, year = {2022}, abstract = {So far, various studies have aimed at decomposing the integrated terrestrial water storage variations observed by satellite gravimetry (GRACE, GRACE-FO) with the help of large-scale hydrological models. While the results of the storage decomposition depend on model structure, little attention has been given to the impact of the way that vegetation is represented in these models. Although vegetation structure and activity represent the crucial link between water, carbon, and energy cycles, their representation in large-scale hydrological models remains a major source of uncertainty. At the same time, the increasing availability and quality of Earth-observation-based vegetation data provide valuable information with good prospects for improving model simulations and gaining better insights into the role of vegetation within the global water cycle. In this study, we use observation-based vegetation information such as vegetation indices and rooting depths for spatializing the parameters of a simple global hydrological model to define infiltration, root water uptake, and transpiration processes. The parameters are further constrained by considering observations of terrestrial water storage anomalies (TWS), soil moisture, evapotranspiration (ET) and gridded runoff ( Q) estimates in a multi-criteria calibration approach. We assess the implications of including varying vegetation characteristics on the simulation results, with a particular focus on the partitioning between water storage components. To isolate the effect of vegetation, we compare a model experiment in which vegetation parameters vary in space and time to a baseline experiment in which all parameters are calibrated as static, globally uniform values. Both experiments show good overall performance, but explicitly including varying vegetation data leads to even better performance and more physically plausible parameter values. The largest improvements regarding TWS and ET are seen in supply-limited (semi-arid) regions and in the tropics, whereas Q simulations improve mainly in northern latitudes. While the total fluxes and storages are similar, accounting for vegetation substantially changes the contributions of different soil water storage components to the TWS variations. This suggests an important role of the representation of vegetation in hydrological models for interpreting TWS variations. Our simulations further indicate a major effect of deeper moisture storages and groundwater-soil moisture-vegetation interactions as a key to understanding TWS variations. We highlight the need for further observations to identify the adequate model structure rather than only model parameters for a reasonable representation and interpretation of vegetation-water interactions.}, language = {en} } @article{WolffSchuelerGastetal.2020, author = {Wolff, Martin and Sch{\"u}ler, Anja and Gast, Klaus and Seckler, Robert and Evers, Andreas and Pfeiffer-Marek, Stefania and Kurz, Michael and Nagel, Norbert and Haack, Torsten and Wagner, Michael and Thalhammer, Anja}, title = {Self-Assembly of Exendin-4-Derived Dual Peptide Agonists is Mediated by Acylation and Correlated to the Length of Conjugated Fatty Acyl Chains}, series = {Molecular pharmaceutics}, volume = {17}, journal = {Molecular pharmaceutics}, number = {3}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1543-8384}, doi = {10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b01195}, pages = {965 -- 978}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Dual glucagon-like peptide-1/glucagon receptor agonists have emerged as promising candidates for the treatment of diabetes and obesity. Issues of degradation sensitivity and rapid renal clearance are addressed, for example, by the conjugation of peptides to fatty acid chains, promoting reversible albumin binding. We use combined dynamic and static light scattering to directly measure the self-assembly of a set of dual peptide agonists based on the exendin-4 structure with varying fatty acid chain lengths in terms of apparent molecular mass and hydrodynamic radius (R-S). We use NMR spectroscopy to gain an insight into the molecular architecture of the assembly. We investigate conformational changes of the monomeric subunits resulting from peptide self-assembly and assembly stability as a function of the fatty acid chain length using circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy. Our results demonstrate that self-assembly of the exendin-4-derived dual agonist peptides is essentially driven by hydrophobic interactions involving the conjugated acyl chains. The fatty acid chain length affects assembly equilibria and the assembly stability, although the peptide subunits in the assembly retain a dynamic secondary structure. The assembly architecture is characterized by juxtaposition of the fatty acyl side chains and a hydrophobic cluster of the peptide moiety. This cluster experiences local conformational changes in the assembly compared to the monomeric unit leading to a reduction in solvent exposure. The N-terminal half of the peptide and a C-terminal loop are not in contact with neighboring peptide subunits in the assemblies. Altogether, our study contributes to a thorough understanding of the association characteristics and the tendency toward self-assembly in response to lipidation. This is important not only to achieve the desired bioavailability but also with respect to the physical stability of peptide solutions.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{EsveldVriesBecchettietal.2023, author = {Esveld, Selma van and Vries, Nardo de and Becchetti, Sibilla and Dopper, Sofia and Valkenburg, Willem van and Carlon, May Kristine Jonson and Yokoi, Kensuke and Gayed, John Maurice and Suyama, Hiroshi and Cross, Jeffrey Scott and Jin, Tonje and Xue, Wei and Bruillard, {\´E}ric and Steinbeck, Hendrik and Meinel, Christoph and {\"O}zdemir, Paker Doğu and Can Bayer, Burak and Mercan, Duygu and Buyurucu, Gamze and Haugsbakken, Halvdan and Hagelia, Marianne and Ebner, Martin and Edelsbrunner, Sarah and Hohla-Sejkora, Katharina and Lipp, Silvia and Sch{\"o}n, Sandra and Xiaoxiao, Wang and Shuangshuang, Guo and Morales-Chan, Miguel and Amado-Salvatierra, H{\´e}ctor R. and Hern{\´a}ndez-Rizzardini, Rocael and Egloffstein, Marc and H{\"u}nemohr, Holger and Ifenthaler, Dirk and Dixon, Fred and Trabucchi, Stefania and Khaneboubi, Mehdi and Giannatelli, Ada and Tomasini, Alessandra and Staubitz, Thomas and Serth, Sebastian and Thomas, Max and Koschutnig-Ebner, Markus and Rampelt, Florian and Stetten, Alexander von and Wittke, Andreas and Theeraroungchaisri, Anuchai and Thammetar, Thapanee and Duangchinda, Vorasuang and Khlaisang, Jintavee and Mair, Bettina and Steinkellner, Iris and Stojcevic, Ivana and Zwiauer, Charlotte and Thirouard, Maria and Vill{\`e}sbrunne, Marie de la and Bernaert, Oliver and Nohr, Magnus and Alario Hoyos, Carlos and Delgado Kloos, Carlos and Kiendl, Doris and Terzieva, Liliya and Concia, Francesca and Distler, Petr and Law, Gareth and Macerata, Elena and Mariani, Mario and Mossini, Eros and Negrin, Maddalena and Štrok, Marko and Neub{\"o}ck, Kristina and Linschinger, Nadine and Lorenz, Anja and Bock, Stefanie and Schulte-Ostermann, Juleka and Moura Santos, Ana and Corti, Paola and Costa, Luis Felipe Coimbra and Utunen, Heini and Attias, Melissa and Tokar, Anna and Kennedy, Eileen and Laurillard, Diana and Zeitoun, Samar and Wasilewski, Julie and Shlaka, Souhad and Ouahib, Sara and Berrada, Khalid and Dietz, Michael and Roth, Dennis}, title = {EMOOCs 2023}, editor = {Meinel, Christoph and Schweiger, Stefanie and Staubitz, Thomas and Conrad, Robert and Alario Hoyos, Carlos and Ebner, Martin and Sancassani, Susanna and Żur, Agnieszka and Friedl, Christian and Halawa, Sherif and Gamage, Dilrukshi and Cross, Jeffrey and Jonson Carlon, May Kristine and Deville, Yves and Gaebel, Michael and Delgado Kloos, Carlos and von Schmieden, Karen}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-57645}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-576450}, year = {2023}, abstract = {From June 14 to June 16, 2023, Hasso Plattner Institute, Potsdam, hosted the eighth European MOOC Stakeholder Summit (EMOOCs 2023). The pandemic is fortunately over. It has once again shown how important digital education is. How well-prepared a country was could be seen in our schools, universities, and companies. In different countries, the problems manifested themselves differently. The measures and approaches to solving the problems varied accordingly. Digital education, whether micro-credentials, MOOCs, blended learning formats, or other e-learning tools, received a major boost. EMOOCs 2023 focusses on the effects of this emergency situation. How has it affected the development and delivery of MOOCs and other e-learning offerings all over Europe? Which projects can serve as models for successful digital learning and teaching? Which roles can MOOCs and micro-credentials bear in the current business transformation? Is there a backlash to the routine we knew from pre-Corona times? Or have many things become firmly established in the meantime, e.g. remote work, hybrid conferences, etc.? Furthermore, EMOOCs 2023 has a closer look at the development and formalization of digital learning. Micro-credentials are just the starting point. Further steps in this direction would be complete online study programs or full online universities. Another main topic is the networking of learning offers and the standardization of formats and metadata. Examples of fruitful cooperations are the MOOChub, the European MOOC Consortium, and the Common Micro-Credential Framework. The learnings, derived from practical experience and research, are explored in EMOOCs 2023 in four tracks and additional workshops, covering various aspects of this field. In this publication, we present papers from the conference's Research \& Experience Track, the Business Track and the International Track.}, language = {en} } @article{HeistermannFranckeScheiffeleetal.2023, author = {Heistermann, Maik and Francke, Till and Scheiffele, Lena and Petrova, Katya Dimitrova and Budach, Christian and Schr{\"o}n, Martin and Trost, Benjamin and Rasche, Daniel and G{\"u}ntner, Andreas and Doepper, Veronika and F{\"o}rster, Michael and K{\"o}hli, Markus and Angermann, Lisa and Antonoglou, Nikolaos and Zude, Manuela and Oswald, Sascha}, title = {Three years of soil moisture observations by a dense cosmic-ray neutron sensing cluster at an agricultural research site in north-east Germany}, series = {Earth system science data : ESSD}, volume = {15}, journal = {Earth system science data : ESSD}, number = {7}, publisher = {Copernics Publications}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, issn = {1866-3508}, doi = {10.5194/essd-15-3243-2023}, pages = {3243 -- 3262}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) allows for the estimation of root-zone soil water content (SWC) at the scale of several hectares. In this paper, we present the data recorded by a dense CRNS network operated from 2019 to 2022 at an agricultural research site in Marquardt, Germany - the first multi-year CRNS cluster. Consisting, at its core, of eight permanently installed CRNS sensors, the cluster was supplemented by a wealth of complementary measurements: data from seven additional temporary CRNS sensors, partly co-located with the permanent ones; 27 SWC profiles (mostly permanent); two groundwater observation wells; meteorological records; and Global Navigation Satellite System reflectometry (GNSS-R). Complementary to these continuous measurements, numerous campaign-based activities provided data by mobile CRNS roving, hyperspectral im-agery via UASs, intensive manual sampling of soil properties (SWC, bulk density, organic matter, texture, soil hydraulic properties), and observations of biomass and snow (cover, depth, and density). The unique temporal coverage of 3 years entails a broad spectrum of hydro-meteorological conditions, including exceptional drought periods and extreme rainfall but also episodes of snow coverage, as well as a dedicated irrigation experiment. Apart from serving to advance CRNS-related retrieval methods, this data set is expected to be useful for vari-ous disciplines, for example, soil and groundwater hydrology, agriculture, or remote sensing. Hence, we show exemplary features of the data set in order to highlight the potential for such subsequent studies. The data are available at doi.org/10.23728/b2share.551095325d74431881185fba1eb09c95 (Heistermann et al., 2022b).}, language = {en} } @article{ToalaOskinovaHamannetal.2018, author = {Toala, Jes{\´u}s Alberto and Oskinova, Lidia M. and Hamann, Wolf-Rainer and Ignace, Richard and Sander, Andreas Alexander Christoph and Shenar, Tomer and Todt, Helge Tobias and Chu, Y. -H. and Guerrero, Martin A. and Hainich, Rainer and Torrejon, Jose Miguel}, title = {On the Apparent Absence of Wolf-Rayet plus Neutron Star Systems}, series = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics ; Part 2, Letters}, volume = {869}, journal = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics ; Part 2, Letters}, number = {1}, publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {2041-8205}, doi = {10.3847/2041-8213/aaf39d}, pages = {5}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Among the different types of massive stars in advanced evolutionary stages is the enigmatic WN8h type. There are only a few Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars with this spectral type in our Galaxy. It has long been suggested that WN8h-type stars are the products of binary evolution that may harbor neutron stars (NS). One of the most intriguing WN8h stars is the runaway WR 124 surrounded by its magnificent nebula M1-67. We test the presence of an accreting NS companion in WR 124 using similar to 100 ks long observations by the Chandra X-ray observatory. The hard X-ray emission from WR 124 with a luminosity of L-X similar to 10(31) erg s(-1) is marginally detected. We use the non-local thermodynamic equilibrium stellar atmosphere code PoWR to estimate the WR wind opacity to the X-rays. The wind of a WN8-type star is effectively opaque for X-rays, hence the low X-ray luminosity of WR 124 does not rule out the presence of an embedded compact object. We suggest that, in general, high-opacity WR winds could prevent X-ray detections of embedded NS, and be an explanation for the apparent lack of WR+NS systems.}, language = {en} } @article{HofmannDambacherJacobsetal.2014, author = {Hofmann, Markus J. and Dambacher, Michael and Jacobs, Arthur M. and Kliegl, Reinhold and Radach, Ralph and Kuchinke, Lars and Plichta, Michael M. and Fallgatter, Andreas J. and Herrmann, Martin J.}, title = {Occipital and orbitofrontal hemodynamics during naturally paced reading: An fNIRS study}, series = {NeuroImage : a journal of brain function}, volume = {94}, journal = {NeuroImage : a journal of brain function}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {San Diego}, issn = {1053-8119}, doi = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.03.014}, pages = {193 -- 202}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Humans typically read at incredibly fast rates, because they predict likely occurring words from a given context. Here, we used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to track the ultra-rapid hemodynamic responses of words presented every 280 ms in a naturally paced sentence context. We found a lower occipital deoxygenation to unpredictable than to predictable words. The greater hemodynamic responses to unexpected words suggest that the visual features of expected words have been pre-activated previous to stimulus presentation. Second, we tested opposing theoretical proposals about the role of the medial orbitofrontal cortex (OFC): Either OFC may respond to the breach of expectation; or OFC is activated when the present stimulus matches the prediction. A significant interaction between word frequency and predictability indicated OFC responses to breaches of expectation for low- but not for high-frequency words: OFC is sensitive to both, bottom-up processing as mediated by word frequency, as well as top-down predictions. Particularly, when a rare word is unpredictable, OFC becomes active. Finally, we discuss how a high temporal resolution can help future studies to disentangle the hemodynamic responses of single trials in such an ultra-rapid event succession as naturally paced reading. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{StolterfohtWolffAmiretal.2017, author = {Stolterfoht, Martin and Wolff, Christian Michael and Amir, Yohai and Paulke, Andreas and Perdig{\´o}n-Toro, Lorena and Caprioglio, Pietro and Neher, Dieter}, title = {Approaching the fill factor Shockley-Queisser limit in stable, dopant-free triple cation perovskite solar cells}, series = {Energy \& Environmental Science}, volume = {10}, journal = {Energy \& Environmental Science}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1754-5692}, doi = {10.1039/c7ee00899f}, pages = {1530 -- 1539}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Perovskite solar cells now compete with their inorganic counterparts in terms of power conversion efficiency, not least because of their small open-circuit voltage (V-OC) losses. A key to surpass traditional thin-film solar cells is the fill factor (FF). Therefore, more insights into the physical mechanisms that define the bias dependence of the photocurrent are urgently required. In this work, we studied charge extraction and recombination in efficient triple cation perovskite solar cells with undoped organic electron/hole transport layers (ETL/HTL). Using integral time of flight we identify the transit time through the HTL as the key figure of merit for maximizing the fill factor (FF) and efficiency. Complementarily, intensity dependent photocurrent and V-OC measurements elucidate the role of the HTL on the bias dependence of non-radiative and transport-related loss channels. We show that charge transport losses can be completely avoided under certain conditions, yielding devices with FFs of up to 84\%. Optimized cells exhibit power conversion efficiencies of above 20\% for 6 mm(2) sized pixels and 18.9\% for a device area of 1 cm(2). These are record efficiencies for hybrid perovskite devices with dopant-free transport layers, highlighting the potential of this device technology to avoid charge-transport limitations and to approach the Shockley-Queisser limit.}, language = {en} } @article{SteinkeOskinovaHamannetal.2016, author = {Steinke, Martin and Oskinova, Lidia M. and Hamann, Wolf-Rainer and Sander, Andreas Alexander Christoph and Liermann, A. and Todt, Helge Tobias}, title = {Analysis of the WN star WR102c, its WR nebula, and the associated cluster of massive stars in the Sickle Nebula}, series = {Tectonophysics : international journal of geotectonics and the geology and physics of the interior of the earth}, volume = {588}, journal = {Tectonophysics : international journal of geotectonics and the geology and physics of the interior of the earth}, publisher = {EDP Sciences}, address = {Les Ulis}, issn = {1432-0746}, doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/201527692}, pages = {10}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Context. The massive Wolf-Rayet type star WR102c is located near the Quintuplet Cluster, one of the three massive star clusters in the Galactic centre region. Previous studies indicated that WR102c may have a dusty circumstellar nebula and is among the main ionising sources of the Sickle Nebula associated with the Quintuplet Cluster. Aims. The goals of our study are to derive the stellar parameters of WR102c from the analysis of its spectrum and to investigate its stellar and nebular environment. Methods. We obtained observations with the ESO VLT integral field spectrograph SINFONI in the K-band, extracted the stellar spectra, and analysed them by means of stellar atmosphere models. Results. Our new analysis supersedes the results previously reported for WR102c. We significantly decrease its bolometric luminosity and hydrogen content. We detect four early OB type stars close to WR102c. These stars have radial velocities similar to that of WR102c. We suggest that together with WR102c these stars belong to a distinct star cluster with a total mass of similar to 1000 M-circle dot. We identify a new WR nebula around WR102c in the SINFONI map of the di ff use Br gamma emission and in the HST Pa ff images. The Br gamma line at di ff erent locations is not significantly broadened and similar to the width of nebular emission elsewhere in the H i i region around WR102c. Conclusions. The massive star WR102c located in the Galactic centre region resides in a star cluster containing additional early-type stars. The stellar parameters of WR102c are typical for hydrogen-free WN6 stars. We identify a nebula surrounding WR102c that has a morphology similar to other nebulae around hydrogen-free WR stars, and propose that the formation of this nebula is linked to interaction of the fast stellar wind with the matter ejected at a previous evolutionary stage of WR102c.}, language = {en} } @article{JeltschBlaumBroseetal.2013, author = {Jeltsch, Florian and Blaum, Niels and Brose, Ulrich and Chipperfield, Joseph D. and Clough, Yann and Farwig, Nina and Geissler, Katja and Graham, Catherine H. and Grimm, Volker and Hickler, Thomas and Huth, Andreas and May, Felix and Meyer, Katrin M. and Pagel, J{\"o}rn and Reineking, Bj{\"o}rn and Rillig, Matthias C. and Shea, Katriona and Schurr, Frank Martin and Schroeder, Boris and Tielb{\"o}rger, Katja and Weiss, Lina and Wiegand, Kerstin and Wiegand, Thorsten and Wirth, Christian and Zurell, Damaris}, title = {How can we bring together empiricists and modellers in functional biodiversity research?}, series = {Basic and applied ecology : Journal of the Gesellschaft f{\"u}r {\"O}kologie}, volume = {14}, journal = {Basic and applied ecology : Journal of the Gesellschaft f{\"u}r {\"O}kologie}, number = {2}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Jena}, issn = {1439-1791}, doi = {10.1016/j.baae.2013.01.001}, pages = {93 -- 101}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Improving our understanding of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning and our capacity to inform ecosystem management requires an integrated framework for functional biodiversity research (FBR). However, adequate integration among empirical approaches (monitoring and experimental) and modelling has rarely been achieved in FBR. We offer an appraisal of the issues involved and chart a course towards enhanced integration. A major element of this path is the joint orientation towards the continuous refinement of a theoretical framework for FBR that links theory testing and generalization with applied research oriented towards the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. We further emphasize existing decision-making frameworks as suitable instruments to practically merge these different aims of FBR and bring them into application. This integrated framework requires joint research planning, and should improve communication and stimulate collaboration between modellers and empiricists, thereby overcoming existing reservations and prejudices. The implementation of this integrative research agenda for FBR requires an adaptation in most national and international funding schemes in order to accommodate such joint teams and their more complex structures and data needs.}, language = {en} } @article{vonHippelStoofLeichsenringSchulteetal.2022, author = {von Hippel, Barbara and Stoof-Leichsenring, Kathleen R. and Schulte, Luise and Seeber, Peter Andreas and Epp, Laura Saskia and Biskaborn, Boris and Diekmann, Bernhard and Melles, Martin and Pestryakova, Luidmila Agafyevna and Herzschuh, Ulrike}, title = {Long-term funguseplant covariation from multi-site sedimentary ancient DNA metabarcoding}, series = {Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal}, volume = {295}, journal = {Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0277-3791}, doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107758}, pages = {18}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Climate change has a major impact on arctic and boreal terrestrial ecosystems as warming leads to northward treeline shifts, inducing consequences for heterotrophic organisms associated with the plant taxa. To unravel ecological dependencies, we address how long-term climatic changes have shaped the co-occurrence of plants and fungi across selected sites in Siberia. We investigated sedimentary ancient DNA from five lakes spanning the last 47,000 years, using the ITS1 marker for fungi and the chloroplast P6 loop marker for vegetation metabarcoding. We obtained 706 unique fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and 243 taxa for the plants. We show higher OTU numbers in dry forest tundra as well as boreal forests compared to wet southern tundra. The most abundant fungal taxa in our dataset are Pseudeurotiaceae, Mortierella, Sordariomyceta, Exophiala, Oidiodendron, Protoventuria, Candida vartiovaarae, Pseudeurotium, Gryganskiella fimbricystis, and Tricho-sporiella cerebriformis. The overall fungal composition is explained by the plant composition as revealed by redundancy analysis. The fungal functional groups show antagonistic relationships in their climate susceptibility. The advance of woody taxa in response to past warming led to an increase in the abun-dance of mycorrhizae, lichens, and parasites, while yeast and saprotroph distribution declined. We also show co-occurrences between Salicaceae, Larix, and Alnus and their associated pathogens and detect higher mycorrhizal fungus diversity with the presence of Pinaceae. Under future warming, we can expect feedbacks between fungus composition and plant diversity changes which will affect forest advance, species diversity, and ecosystem stability in arctic regions.}, language = {en} } @article{ManningGossnerBossdorfetal.2015, author = {Manning, Pete and Gossner, Martin M. and Bossdorf, Oliver and Allan, Eric and Zhang, Yuan-Ye and Prati, Daniel and Bl{\"u}thgen, Nico and Boch, Steffen and B{\"o}hm, Stefan and B{\"o}rschig, Carmen and H{\"o}lzel, Norbert and Jung, Kirsten and Klaus, Valentin H. and Klein, Alexandra-Maria and Kleinebecker, Till and Krauss, Jochen and Lange, Markus and M{\"u}ller, J{\"o}rg and Pasalic, Esther and Socher, Stephanie A. and Tschapka, Marco and T{\"u}rke, Manfred and Weiner, Christiane and Werner, Michael and Gockel, Sonja and Hemp, Andreas and Renner, Swen C. and Wells, Konstans and Buscot, Francois and Kalko, Elisabeth K. V. and Linsenmair, Karl Eduard and Weisser, Wolfgang W. and Fischer, Markus}, title = {Grassland management intensification weakens the associations among the diversities of multiple plant and animal taxa}, series = {Ecology : a publication of the Ecological Society of America}, volume = {96}, journal = {Ecology : a publication of the Ecological Society of America}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0012-9658}, doi = {10.1890/14-1307.1}, pages = {1492 -- 1501}, year = {2015}, abstract = {Land-use intensification is a key driver of biodiversity change. However, little is known about how it alters relationships between the diversities of different taxonomic groups, which are often correlated due to shared environmental drivers and trophic interactions. Using data from 150 grassland sites, we examined how land-use intensification (increased fertilization, higher livestock densities, and increased mowing frequency) altered correlations between the species richness of 15 plant, invertebrate, and vertebrate taxa. We found that 54\% of pairwise correlations between taxonomic groups were significant and positive among all grasslands, while only one was negative. Higher land-use intensity substantially weakened these correlations(35\% decrease in rand 43\% fewer significant pairwise correlations at high intensity), a pattern which may emerge as a result of biodiversity declines and the breakdown of specialized relationships in these conditions. Nevertheless, some groups (Coleoptera, Heteroptera, Hymenoptera and Orthoptera) were consistently correlated with multidiversity, an aggregate measure of total biodiversity comprised of the standardized diversities of multiple taxa, at both high and lowland-use intensity. The form of intensification was also important; increased fertilization and mowing frequency typically weakened plant-plant and plant-primary consumer correlations, whereas grazing intensification did not. This may reflect decreased habitat heterogeneity under mowing and fertilization and increased habitat heterogeneity under grazing. While these results urge caution in using certain taxonomic groups to monitor impacts of agricultural management on biodiversity, they also suggest that the diversities of some groups are reasonably robust indicators of total biodiversity across a range of conditions.}, language = {en} } @article{HilscherBraunRichteretal.2009, author = {Hilscher, Martin and Braun, Michael and Richter, Michael and Leininger, Andreas and G{\"o}ssel, Michael}, title = {X-tolerant test data compaction with accelerated shift registers}, issn = {0923-8174}, doi = {10.1007/s10836-009-5107-5}, year = {2009}, abstract = {Using the timing flexibility of modern automatic test equipment (ATE) test response data can be compacted without the need for additional X-masking logic. In this article the test response is compacted by several multiple input shift registers without feedback (NF-MISR). The shift registers are running on a k-times higher clock frequency than the test clock. For each test clock cycle only one out of the k outputs of each shift register is evaluated by the ATE. The impact of consecutive X values within the scan chains is reduced by a periodic permutation of the NF-MISR inputs. As a result, no additional external control signals or test set dependent control logic is required. The benefits of the proposed method are shown by the example of an implementation on a Verigy ATE. Experiments on three industrial circuits demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in comparison to a commercial DFT solution.}, language = {en} } @misc{WolffGastEversetal.2021, author = {Wolff, Martin and Gast, Klaus and Evers, Andreas and Kurz, Michael and Pfeiffer-Marek, Stefania and Sch{\"u}ler, Anja and Seckler, Robert and Thalhammer, Anja}, title = {A Conserved Hydrophobic Moiety and Helix-Helix Interactions Drive the Self-Assembly of the Incretin Analog Exendin-4}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {9}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-52208}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-522081}, pages = {22}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Exendin-4 is a pharmaceutical peptide used in the control of insulin secretion. Structural information on exendin-4 and related peptides especially on the level of quaternary structure is scarce. We present the first published association equilibria of exendin-4 directly measured by static and dynamic light scattering. We show that exendin-4 oligomerization is pH dependent and that these oligomers are of low compactness. We relate our experimental results to a structural hypothesis to describe molecular details of exendin-4 oligomers. Discussion of the validity of this hypothesis is based on NMR, circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy, and light scattering data on exendin-4 and a set of exendin-4 derived peptides. The essential forces driving oligomerization of exendin-4 are helix-helix interactions and interactions of a conserved hydrophobic moiety. Our structural hypothesis suggests that key interactions of exendin-4 monomers in the experimentally supported trimer take place between a defined helical segment and a hydrophobic triangle constituted by the Phe22 residues of the three monomeric subunits. Our data rationalize that Val19 might function as an anchor in the N-terminus of the interacting helix-region and that Trp25 is partially shielded in the oligomer by C-terminal amino acids of the same monomer. Our structural hypothesis suggests that the Trp25 residues do not interact with each other, but with C-terminal Pro residues of their own monomers.}, language = {en} } @article{WolffSchuelerGastetal.2020, author = {Wolff, Martin and Sch{\"u}ler, Anja and Gast, Klaus and Seckler, Robert and Evers, Andreas and Pfeiffer-Marek, Stefania and Kurz, Michael and Nagel, Norbert and Haack, Torsten and Wagner, Michael and Thalhammer, Anja}, title = {Self-Assembly of Exendin-4-Derived Dual Peptide Agonists is Mediated by Acylation and Correlated to the Length of Conjugated Fatty Acyl Chains}, series = {Molecular pharmaceutics}, volume = {17}, journal = {Molecular pharmaceutics}, number = {3}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1543-8384}, doi = {10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b01195}, pages = {965 -- 978}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Dual glucagon-like peptide-1/glucagon receptor agonists have emerged as promising candidates for the treatment of diabetes and obesity. Issues of degradation sensitivity and rapid renal clearance are addressed, for example, by the conjugation of peptides to fatty acid chains, promoting reversible albumin binding. We use combined dynamic and static light scattering to directly measure the self-assembly of a set of dual peptide agonists based on the exendin-4 structure with varying fatty acid chain lengths in terms of apparent molecular mass and hydrodynamic radius (R-S). We use NMR spectroscopy to gain an insight into the molecular architecture of the assembly. We investigate conformational changes of the monomeric subunits resulting from peptide self-assembly and assembly stability as a function of the fatty acid chain length using circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy. Our results demonstrate that self-assembly of the exendin-4-derived dual agonist peptides is essentially driven by hydrophobic interactions involving the conjugated acyl chains. The fatty acid chain length affects assembly equilibria and the assembly stability, although the peptide subunits in the assembly retain a dynamic secondary structure. The assembly architecture is characterized by juxtaposition of the fatty acyl side chains and a hydrophobic cluster of the peptide moiety. This cluster experiences local conformational changes in the assembly compared to the monomeric unit leading to a reduction in solvent exposure. The N-terminal half of the peptide and a C-terminal loop are not in contact with neighboring peptide subunits in the assemblies. Altogether, our study contributes to a thorough understanding of the association characteristics and the tendency toward self-assembly in response to lipidation. This is important not only to achieve the desired bioavailability but also with respect to the physical stability of peptide solutions.}, language = {en} } @article{WolffGastEversetal.2021, author = {Wolff, Martin and Gast, Klaus and Evers, Andreas and Kurz, Michael and Pfeiffer-Marek, Stefania and Sch{\"u}ler, Anja and Seckler, Robert and Thalhammer, Anja}, title = {A Conserved Hydrophobic Moiety and Helix-Helix Interactions Drive the Self-Assembly of the Incretin Analog Exendin-4}, series = {Biomolecules}, volume = {11}, journal = {Biomolecules}, number = {9}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2218-273X}, doi = {10.3390/biom11091305}, pages = {20}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Exendin-4 is a pharmaceutical peptide used in the control of insulin secretion. Structural information on exendin-4 and related peptides especially on the level of quaternary structure is scarce. We present the first published association equilibria of exendin-4 directly measured by static and dynamic light scattering. We show that exendin-4 oligomerization is pH dependent and that these oligomers are of low compactness. We relate our experimental results to a structural hypothesis to describe molecular details of exendin-4 oligomers. Discussion of the validity of this hypothesis is based on NMR, circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy, and light scattering data on exendin-4 and a set of exendin-4 derived peptides. The essential forces driving oligomerization of exendin-4 are helix-helix interactions and interactions of a conserved hydrophobic moiety. Our structural hypothesis suggests that key interactions of exendin-4 monomers in the experimentally supported trimer take place between a defined helical segment and a hydrophobic triangle constituted by the Phe22 residues of the three monomeric subunits. Our data rationalize that Val19 might function as an anchor in the N-terminus of the interacting helix-region and that Trp25 is partially shielded in the oligomer by C-terminal amino acids of the same monomer. Our structural hypothesis suggests that the Trp25 residues do not interact with each other, but with C-terminal Pro residues of their own monomers.}, language = {en} } @article{DavidzonIlbertFaisstetal.2018, author = {Davidzon, Iary and Ilbert, Olivier and Faisst, Andreas L. and Sparre, Martin and Capak, Peter L.}, title = {An Alternate Approach to Measure Specific Star Formation Rates at 2 < z < 7}, series = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics}, volume = {852}, journal = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics}, number = {2}, publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {0004-637X}, doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/aaa19e}, pages = {11}, year = {2018}, abstract = {We trace the specific star formation rate (sSFR) of massive star-forming galaxies (greater than or similar to 10(10)M(circle dot)) from z similar to 2 to 7. Our method is substantially different from previous analyses, as it does not rely on direct estimates of star formation rate, but on the differential evolution of the galaxy stellar mass function (SMF). We show the reliability of this approach by means of semianalytical and hydrodynamical cosmological simulations. We then apply it to real data, using the SMFs derived in the COSMOS and CANDELS fields. We find that the sSFR is proportional to (1 + z)(1.1) (+/-) (0.2) at z > 2, in agreement with other observations but in tension with the steeper evolution predicted by simulations from z similar to 4 to 2. We investigate the impact of several sources of observational bias, which, however, cannot account for this discrepancy. Although the SMF of high-redshift galaxies is still affected by significant errors, we show that future large-area surveys will substantially reduce them, making our method an effective tool to probe the massive end of the main sequence of star-forming galaxies.}, language = {en} } @article{HeistermannBogenaFranckeetal.2022, author = {Heistermann, Maik and Bogena, Heye and Francke, Till and G{\"u}ntner, Andreas and Jakobi, Jannis and Rasche, Daniel and Schr{\"o}n, Martin and D{\"o}pper, Veronika and Fersch, Benjamin and Groh, Jannis and Patil, Amol and P{\"u}tz, Thomas and Reich, Marvin and Zacharias, Steffen and Zengerle, Carmen and Oswald, Sascha}, title = {Soil moisture observation in a forested headwater catchment: combining a dense cosmic-ray neutron sensor network with roving and hydrogravimetry at the TERENO site W{\"u}stebach}, series = {Earth system science data : ESSD}, volume = {14}, journal = {Earth system science data : ESSD}, number = {5}, publisher = {Copernicus}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, issn = {1866-3516}, doi = {10.5194/essd-14-2501-2022}, pages = {2501 -- 2519}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) has become an effective method to measure soil moisture at a horizontal scale of hundreds of metres and a depth of decimetres. Recent studies proposed operating CRNS in a network with overlapping footprints in order to cover root-zone water dynamics at the small catchment scale and, at the same time, to represent spatial heterogeneity. In a joint field campaign from September to November 2020 (JFC-2020), five German research institutions deployed 15 CRNS sensors in the 0.4 km2 W{\"u}stebach catchment (Eifel mountains, Germany). The catchment is dominantly forested (but includes a substantial fraction of open vegetation) and features a topographically distinct catchment boundary. In addition to the dense CRNS coverage, the campaign featured a unique combination of additional instruments and techniques: hydro-gravimetry (to detect water storage dynamics also below the root zone); ground-based and, for the first time, airborne CRNS roving; an extensive wireless soil sensor network, supplemented by manual measurements; and six weighable lysimeters. Together with comprehensive data from the long-term local research infrastructure, the published data set (available at https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.756ca0485800474e9dc7f5949c63b872; Heistermann et al., 2022) will be a valuable asset in various research contexts: to advance the retrieval of landscape water storage from CRNS, wireless soil sensor networks, or hydrogravimetry; to identify scale-specific combinations of sensors and methods to represent soil moisture variability; to improve the understanding and simulation of land-atmosphere exchange as well as hydrological and hydrogeological processes at the hillslope and the catchment scale; and to support the retrieval of soil water content from airborne and spaceborne remote sensing platforms.}, language = {en} } @article{HoangGryzikHoppeetal.2022, author = {Hoang, Yen and Gryzik, Stefanie and Hoppe, Ines and Rybak, Alexander and Sch{\"a}dlich, Martin and Kadner, Isabelle and Walther, Dirk and Vera, Julio and Radbruch, Andreas and Groth, Detlef and Baumgart, Sabine and Baumgrass, Ria}, title = {PRI: Re-analysis of a public mass cytometry dataset reveals patterns of effective tumor treatments}, series = {Frontiers in immunology}, volume = {13}, journal = {Frontiers in immunology}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-3224}, doi = {10.3389/fimmu.2022.849329}, pages = {9}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Recently, mass cytometry has enabled quantification of up to 50 parameters for millions of cells per sample. It remains a challenge to analyze such high-dimensional data to exploit the richness of the inherent information, even though many valuable new analysis tools have already been developed. We propose a novel algorithm "pattern recognition of immune cells (PRI)" to tackle these high-dimensional protein combinations in the data. PRI is a tool for the analysis and visualization of cytometry data based on a three or more-parametric binning approach, feature engineering of bin properties of multivariate cell data, and a pseudo-multiparametric visualization. Using a publicly available mass cytometry dataset, we proved that reproducible feature engineering and intuitive understanding of the generated bin plots are helpful hallmarks for re-analysis with PRI. In the CD4(+)T cell population analyzed, PRI revealed two bin-plot patterns (CD90/CD44/CD86 and CD90/CD44/CD27) and 20 bin plot features for threshold-independent classification of mice concerning ineffective and effective tumor treatment. In addition, PRI mapped cell subsets regarding co-expression of the proliferation marker Ki67 with two major transcription factors and further delineated a specific Th1 cell subset. All these results demonstrate the added insights that can be obtained using the non-cluster-based tool PRI for re-analyses of high-dimensional cytometric data.}, language = {en} } @article{TrauthBergnerFoersteretal.2015, author = {Trauth, Martin H. and Bergner, Andreas G. N. and Foerster, Verena and Junginger, Annett and Maslin, Mark A. and Sch{\"a}bitz, Frank}, title = {Episodes of environmental stability versus instability in Late Cenozoic lake records of Eastern Africa}, series = {Journal of human evolution}, volume = {87}, journal = {Journal of human evolution}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {London}, issn = {0047-2484}, doi = {10.1016/j.jhevol.2015.03.011}, pages = {21 -- 31}, year = {2015}, abstract = {Episodes of environmental stability and instability may be equally important for African hominin speciation, dispersal, and cultural innovation. Three examples of a change from stable to unstable environmental conditions are presented on three different time scales: (1) the Mid Holocene (MH) wet dry transition in the Chew Bahir basin (Southern Ethiopian Rift; between 11 ka and 4 ka), (2) the MIS 5-4 transition in the Naivasha basin (Central Kenya Rift; between 160 ka and 50 ka), and (3) the Early Mid Pleistocene Transition (EMPT) in the Olorgesailie basin (Southern Kenya Rift; between 1.25 Ma and 0.4 Ma). A probabilistic age modeling technique is used to determine the timing of these transitions, taking into account possible abrupt changes in the sedimentation rate including episodes of no deposition (hiatuses). Interestingly, the stable-unstable conditions identified in the three records are always associated with an orbitally-induced decrease of insolation: the descending portion of the 800 kyr cycle during the EMPT, declining eccentricity after the 115 ka maximum at the MIS 5-4 transition, and after similar to 10 ka. This observation contributes to an evidence-based discussion of the possible mechanisms causing the switching between environmental stability and instability in Eastern Africa at three different orbital time scales (10,000 to 1,000,000 years) during the Cenozoic. This in turn may lead to great insights into the environmental changes occurring at the same time as hominin speciation, brain expansion, dispersal out of Africa, and cultural innovations and may provide key evidence to build new hypotheses regarding the causes of early human evolution. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{SporbertJakubkaBucheretal.2022, author = {Sporbert, Maria and Jakubka, Desiree and Bucher, Solveig Franziska and Hensen, Isabell and Freiberg, Martin and Heubach, Katja and K{\"o}nig, Andreas and Nordt, Birgit and Plos, Carolin and Blinova, Ilona and Bonn, Aletta and Knickmann, Barbara and Koubek, Tom{\´a}š and Linst{\"a}dter, Anja and Maškov{\´a}, Tereza and Primack, Richard B. and Rosche, Christoph and Shah, Manzoor A. and Stevens, Albert-Dieter and Tielb{\"o}rger, Katja and Tr{\"a}ger, Sabrina and Wirth, Christian and R{\"o}mermann, Christine}, title = {Functional traits influence patterns in vegetative and reproductive plant phenology - a multi-botanical garden study}, series = {New phytologist}, volume = {235}, journal = {New phytologist}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0028-646X}, doi = {10.1111/nph.18345}, pages = {2199 -- 2210}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Phenology has emerged as key indicator of the biological impacts of climate change, yet the role of functional traits constraining variation in herbaceous species' phenology has received little attention. Botanical gardens are ideal places in which to investigate large numbers of species growing under common climate conditions. We ask whether interspecific variation in plant phenology is influenced by differences in functional traits. We recorded onset, end, duration and intensity of initial growth, leafing out, leaf senescence, flowering and fruiting for 212 species across five botanical gardens in Germany. We measured functional traits, including plant height, absolute and specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, leaf carbon and nitrogen content and seed mass and accounted for species' relatedness. Closely related species showed greater similarities in timing of phenological events than expected by chance, but species' traits had a high degree of explanatory power, pointing to paramount importance of species' life-history strategies. Taller plants showed later timing of initial growth, and flowered, fruited and underwent leaf senescence later. Large-leaved species had shorter flowering and fruiting durations. Taller, large-leaved species differ in their phenology and are more competitive than smaller, small-leaved species. We assume climate warming will change plant communities' competitive hierarchies with consequences for biodiversity.}, language = {en} } @article{KozielSchefflerTutkuvieneetal.2018, author = {Koziel, Slawomir and Scheffler, Christiane and Tutkuviene, Janina and Jakimaviciene, Egle Marija and Mumm, Rebekka and Barbieri, Davide and Godina, Elena and El-Shabrawi, Mortada and Elhusseini, Mona and Musalek, Martin and Pruszkowska-Przybylska, Paulina and El Dash, Hanaa H. and Safar, Hebatalla Hassan and Lehmann, Andreas and Swanson, James and Bogin, Barry and Liu, Yuk-Chien and Groth, Detlef and Kirchengast, Sylvia and Siniarska, Anna and Nieczuja-Dwojacka, Joanna and Kralik, Miroslav and Satake, Takashi and Harc, Tomasz and Roelants, Mathieu and Hermanussen, Michael}, title = {Meeting Report: Growth and social environment}, series = {Pediatric Endocrinology Reviews}, volume = {15}, journal = {Pediatric Endocrinology Reviews}, number = {4}, publisher = {Medical Media}, address = {Netanya}, issn = {1565-4753}, doi = {10.17458/per.vol15.2018.ksh.mr.GrowthSocialEnvironment}, pages = {319 -- 329}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Twenty-two scientists met at Krobielowice, Poland, to discuss the impact of the social environment, spatial proximity, migration, poverty, but also psychological factors such as body perception and satisfaction, and social stressors such as elite sports, and teenage pregnancies, on child and adolescent growth. The data analysis included linear mixed effects models with different random effects, Monte Carlo analyses, and network simulations. The work stressed the importance of the peer group, but also included historic material, some considerations about body proportions, and growth in chronic liver, and congenital heart disease.}, language = {en} } @book{JuizBermejoCalleetal.2024, author = {Juiz, Carlos and Bermejo, Belen and Calle, Alejandro and Sidorova, Julia and Lundberg, Lars and Weidmann, Vera and Lowitzki, Leon and Mirtschin, Marvin and Hoorn, Andr{\´e} van and Frank, Markus and Schulz, Henning and Stojanovic, Dragan and Stojanovic, Natalija and Stojnev Ilic, Aleksandra and Friedrich, Tobias and Lenzner, Pascal and Weyand, Christopher and Wagner, Markus and Plauth, Max and Polze, Andreas and Nowicki, Marek and Seth, Sugandh and Kaur Chahal, Kuljit and Singh, Gurwinder and Speth, Sandro and Janes, Andrea and Camilli, Matteo and Ziegler, Erik and Schmidberger, Marcel and P{\"o}rschke, Mats and Bartz, Christian and Lorenz, Martin and Meinel, Christoph and Beilich, Robert and Bertazioli, Dario and Carlomagno, Cristiano and Bedoni, Marzia and Messina, Vincenzina}, title = {HPI Future SOC Lab}, series = {Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts f{\"u}r Digital Engineering an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, journal = {Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts f{\"u}r Digital Engineering an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, number = {159}, editor = {Meinel, Christoph and Polze, Andreas and Beins, Karsten and Strotmann, Rolf and Seibold, Ulrich and R{\"o}dszus, Kurt and M{\"u}ller, J{\"u}rgen and Sommer, J{\"u}rgen}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-565-1}, issn = {1613-5652}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-59801}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-598014}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {ix, 142}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The "HPI Future SOC Lab" is a cooperation of the Hasso Plattner Institute (HPI) and industry partners. Its mission is to enable and promote exchange and interaction between the research community and the industry partners. The HPI Future SOC Lab provides researchers with free of charge access to a complete infrastructure of state of the art hard and software. This infrastructure includes components, which might be too expensive for an ordinary research environment, such as servers with up to 64 cores and 2 TB main memory. The offerings address researchers particularly from but not limited to the areas of computer science and business information systems. Main areas of research include cloud computing, parallelization, and In-Memory technologies. This technical report presents results of research projects executed in 2020. Selected projects have presented their results on April 21st and November 10th 2020 at the Future SOC Lab Day events.}, language = {en} }