@article{KocSimovichSchoenemannetal.2019,
  author    = {Koc, Julian and Simovich, Tomer and Sch{\"o}nemann, Eric and Chilkoti, Ashutosh and Gardner, Harrison and Swain, Geoffrey W. and Hunsucker, Kelli and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Rosenhahn, Axel},
  title     = {Sediment challenge to promising ultra-low fouling hydrophilic surfaces in the marine environment},
  series = {Biofouling : the journal of bioadhesion and biofilm research},
  volume    = {35},
  journal   = {Biofouling : the journal of bioadhesion and biofilm research},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {0892-7014},
  doi       = {10.1080/08927014.2019.1611790},
  pages     = {454 -- 462},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Hydrophilic coatings exhibit ultra-low fouling properties in numerous laboratory experiments. In stark contrast, the antifouling effect of such coatings in vitro failed when performing field tests in the marine environment. The fouling release performance of nonionic and zwitterionic hydrophilic polymers was substantially reduced compared to the controlled laboratory environment. Microscopy and spectroscopy revealed that a large proportion of the accumulated material in field tests contains inorganic compounds and diatomaceous soil. Diatoms adhered to the accumulated material on the coating, but not to the pristine polymer. Simulating field tests in the laboratory using sediment samples collected from the test sites showed that incorporated sand and diatomaceous earth impairs the fouling release characteristics of the coatings. When exposed to marine sediment from multiple locations, particulate matter accumulated on these coatings and served as attachment points for diatom adhesion and enhanced fouling. Future developments of hydrophilic coatings should consider accumulated sediment and its potential impact on the antifouling performance.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GarnierLaschewsky2006,
  author    = {Garnier, Sebastien and Laschewsky, Andre},
  title     = {Non-ionic amphiphilic block copolymers by RAFT-polymerization and their self-organization},
  series = {Colloid and polymer science : official journal of the Kolloid-Gesellschaft},
  volume    = {284},
  journal   = {Colloid and polymer science : official journal of the Kolloid-Gesellschaft},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0303-402X},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00396-006-1484-9},
  pages     = {1243 -- 1254},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Water-soluble, amphiphilic diblock copolymers were synthesized by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. They consist of poly(butyl acrylate) as hydrophobic block with a low glass transition temperature and three different nonionic water-soluble blocks, namely, the classical hydrophilic block poly(dimethylacrylamide), the strongly hydrophilic poly(acryloyloxyethyl methylsulfoxide), and the thermally sensitive poly(N-acryloylpyrrolidine). Aqueous micellar solutions of the block copolymers were prepared and characterized by static and dynamic light scattering analysis (DLS and SLS). No critical micelle concentration could be detected. The micellization was thermodynamically favored, although kinetically slow, exhibiting a marked dependence on the preparation conditions. The polymers formed micelles with a hydrodynamic diameter from 20 to 100 nm, which were stable upon dilution. The micellar size was correlated with the composition of the block copolymers and their overall molar mass. The micelles formed with the two most hydrophilic blocks were particularly stable upon temperature cycles, whereas the thermally sensitive poly(N-acryloylpyrrolidine) block showed a temperature-induced precipitation. According to combined SLS and DLS analysis, the micelles exhibited an elongated shape such as rods or worms. It should be noted that the block copolymers with the most hydrophilic poly(sulfoxide) block formed inverse micelles in certain organic solvents.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{LutzKristenSkrabaniaetal.2006,
  author    = {Lutz, Jean-Francois and Kristen, Juliane and Skrabania, Katja and Laschewsky, Andre},
  title     = {POLY 14-Synthetic strategies for preparing multicompartment micelles},
  series = {Abstracts of papers / American Chemical Society},
  volume    = {232},
  journal   = {Abstracts of papers / American Chemical Society},
  publisher = {American Chemical Society},
  address   = {Washington},
  isbn      = {0-8412-7426-6},
  issn      = {0065-7727},
  pages     = {1},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {The fabrication of compartmented micellar systems is an exciting new area of research in the field of polymer self-assembly. Multicompartment micelles composed of a water-soluble shell and a segregated hydrophobic core can be obtained via direct aqueous self-assembly of preformed polymeric amphiphiles possessing one hydrophilic segment and two incompatible hydrophobic segments (e.g. hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon blocks). Such macromolecular building-blocks were prepared in the present work principally via reversible addition-fragmentation transfer polymerization (RAFT). Polysoaps or triblock macrosurfactants can be synthesized in high yields by RAFT under relatively straightforward experimental conditions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{NizardoSchanzenbachSchoenemannetal.2018,
  author    = {Nizardo, Noverra M. and Schanzenbach, Dirk and Sch{\"o}nemann, Eric and Laschewsky, Andre},
  title     = {Exploring poly(ethylene glycol)-polyzwitterion diblock copolymers as biocompatible smart macrosurfactants featuring UCST-phase behavior in normal saline solution},
  series = {Polymers},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Polymers},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2073-4360},
  doi       = {10.3390/polym10030325},
  pages     = {22},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Nonionic-zwitterionic diblock copolymers are designed to feature a coil-to-globule collapse transition with an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) in aqueous media, including physiological saline solution. The block copolymers that combine presumably highly biocompatible blocks are synthesized by chain extension of a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) macroinitiator via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of sulfobetaine and sulfabetaine methacrylates. Their thermoresponsive behavior is studied by variable temperature turbidimetry and H-1 NMR spectroscopy. While the polymers with polysulfobetaine blocks exhibit phase transitions in the physiologically interesting window of 30-50 degrees C only in pure aqueous solution, the polymers bearing polysulfabetaine blocks enabled phase transitions only in physiological saline solution. By copolymerizing a pair of structurally closely related sulfo-and sulfabetaine monomers, thermoresponsive behavior can be implemented in aqueous solutions of both low and high salinity. Surprisingly, the presence of the PEG blocks can affect the UCST-transitions of the polyzwitterions notably. In specific cases, this results in "schizophrenic" thermoresponsive behavior displaying simultaneously an UCST and an LCST (lower critical solution temperature) transition. Exploratory experiments on the UCST-transition triggered the encapsulation and release of various solvatochromic fluorescent dyes as model "cargos" failed, apparently due to the poor affinity even of charged organic compounds to the collapsed state of the polyzwitterions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{InalKoelschSellrieetal.2013,
  author    = {Inal, Sahika and K{\"o}lsch, Jonas D. and Sellrie, Frank and Schenk, J{\"o}rg A. and Wischerhoff, Erik and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Neher, Dieter},
  title     = {A water soluble fluorescent polymer as a dual colour sensor for temperature and a specific protein},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-95336},
  pages     = {6373 -- 6381},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {We present two thermoresponsive water soluble copolymers prepared via free radical statistical copolymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm) and of oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylates (OEGMAs), respectively, with a solvatochromic 7-(diethylamino)-3-carboxy-coumarin (DEAC)- functionalized monomer. In aqueous solutions, the NIPAm-based copolymer exhibits characteristic changes in its fluorescence profile in response to a change in solution temperature as well as to the presence of a specific protein, namely an anti-DEAC antibody. This polymer emits only weakly at low temperatures, but exhibits a marked fluorescence enhancement accompanied by a change in its emission colour when heated above its cloud point. Such drastic changes in the fluorescence and absorbance spectra are observed also upon injection of the anti-DEAC antibody, attributed to the specific binding of the antibody to DEAC moieties. Importantly, protein binding occurs exclusively when the polymer is in the well hydrated state below the cloud point, enabling a temperature control on the molecular recognition event. On the other hand, heating of the polymer-antibody complexes releases a fraction of the bound antibody. In the presence of the DEAC-functionalized monomer in this mixture, the released antibody competitively binds to the monomer and the antibody-free chains of the polymer undergo a more effective collapse and inter-aggregation. In contrast, the emission properties of the OEGMA-based analogous copolymer are rather insensitive to the thermally induced phase transition or to antibody binding. These opposite behaviours underline the need for a carefully tailored molecular design of responsive polymers aimed at specific applications, such as biosensing.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{InalKoelschChiappisietal.2013,
  author    = {Inal, Sahika and K{\"o}lsch, Jonas D. and Chiappisi, Leonardo and Janietz, Dietmar and Gradzielski, Michael and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Neher, Dieter},
  title     = {Structure-related differences in the temperature-regulated fluorescence response of LCST type polymers},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-95379},
  pages     = {6603 -- 6612},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {We demonstrate new fluorophore-labelled materials based on acrylamide and on oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG) bearing thermoresponsive polymers for sensing purposes and investigate their thermally induced solubility transitions. It is found that the emission properties of the polarity-sensitive (solvatochromic) naphthalimide derivative attached to three different thermoresponsive polymers are highly specific to the exact chemical structure of the macromolecule. While the dye emits very weakly below the LCST when incorporated into poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAm) or into a polyacrylate backbone bearing only short OEG side chains, it is strongly emissive in polymethacrylates with longer OEG side chains. Heating of the aqueous solutions above their cloud point provokes an abrupt increase of the fluorescence intensity of the labelled pNIPAm, whereas the emission properties of the dye are rather unaffected as OEG-based polyacrylates and methacrylates undergo phase transition. Correlated with laser light scattering studies, these findings are ascribed to the different degrees of pre-aggregation of the chains at low temperatures and to the extent of dehydration that the phase transition evokes. It is concluded that although the temperature-triggered changes in the macroscopic absorption characteristics, related to large-scale alterations of the polymer chain conformation and aggregation, are well detectable and similar for these LCST-type polymers, the micro-environment provided to the dye within each polymer network differs substantially. Considering sensing applications, this finding is of great importance since the temperature-regulated fluorescence response of the polymer depends more on the macromolecular architecture than the type of reporter fluorophore.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{HildebrandLaschewskyWischerhoff2015,
  author    = {Hildebrand, Viet and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Wischerhoff, Erik},
  title     = {Modulating the solubility of zwitterionic poly((3- methacrylamidopropyl)ammonioalkane sulfonate)s in water and aqueous salt solutions via the spacer group separating the cationic and the anionic moieties},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103040},
  pages     = {731 -- 740},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {Complementary to the well-established zwitterionic monomer 3-((3-methacrylamidopropyl)dimethylammonio) propane-1-sulfonate (SPP), the closely related monomers 2-hydroxy-3-((3-methacrylamidopropyl) dimethylammonio)propane-1-sulfonate (SHPP) and 4-((3-methacrylamidopropyl)dimethylammonio)-butane-1-sulfonate (SBP) were synthesised and polymerised by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerisation, using a fluorophore labeled RAFT agent. The polyzwitterions of systematically varied molar masses were characterised with respect to their solubility in water and aqueous salt solutions. Both poly(sulfobetaine)s show thermoresponsive behaviour in water, exhibiting phase separation at low temperatures and upper critical solution temperatures (UCST). For both polySHPP and polySBP, cloud points depend notably on the molar mass, and are much higher in D2O than in H2O. Also, the cloud points are effectively modulated by the addition of salts. The individual effects can be in parts correlated to the Hofmeister series for the anions studied. Still, they depend in a complex way on the concentration and the nature of the added electrolytes, on the one hand, and on the detailed nature of the spacer group separating the anionic and the cationic charges of the betaine moiety, on the other hand. As anticipated, the cloud points of polySBP are much higher than the ones of the analogous polySPP of identical molar mass. Surprisingly, the cloud points of polySHPP are also somewhat higher than the ones of their polySPP analogues, despite the additional hydrophilic hydroxyl group present in the spacer separating the ammonium and the sulfonate moieties. These findings point to a complicated interplay of the various hydrophilic components in polyzwitterions with respect to their overall hydrophilicity. Thus, the spacer group in the betaine moiety proves to be an effective additional molecular design parameter, apparently small variations of which strongly influence the phase behaviour of the polyzwitterions in specific aqueous environments.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LaschewskyGarnierKirstenetal.2006,
  author    = {Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Garnier, Sebastien and Kirsten, Juliane and Mertoglu, Murat and Skrabania, Katja and Lutz, Jean-Francois},
  title     = {Comb-like polymeric surfactants by combining block and graft copolymer architectures},
  issn      = {0065-7727},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RaukKotzevLaschewskyetal.2006,
  author    = {Rauk, Erika and Kotzev, Anton and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Palmer, Christopher P.},
  title     = {Cationic and perfluorinated polymeric pseudostationary phases for electrokinetic chromatography},
  issn      = {0021-9673},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.chroma.2005.07.114},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Separation selectivity in electrokinetic chromatography (EKC) is directly affected by the chemistry and solvent characteristics of the pseudostationary phase (PSP). The chemical selectivity of micellar PSPs has been previously demonstrated to vary significantly between anionic and cationic surfactants as well as between hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon surfactants. Polymeric PSPs have also been demonstrated to provide unique selectivity. In the current study, four cationic polymeric pseudo-stationary phases, two of which have perfluorinated pendant groups, are introduced and characterized as PSPs in EKC. Their performance and selectivity is compared to conventional micellar PSPs with similar structure. The solvation characteristics and selectivity of the four polymers most closely resemble those observed for cationic micelles. The polymers are all more cohesive and more polar than their hydrocarbon micellar counterparts. The fluorocarbon PSPs did show preferential interaction with fluorocarbon solutes, were somewhat more cohesive, and were stronger hydrogen bond donors. However, the presence of fluorocarbon moieties did not have as dramatic an effect on selectivity as was observed and published previously for fluorocarbon micelles. This may result from the selectivity being dominated by the presence of the cationic head groups or from the fluorocarbon character of the pendant groups being moderated by the presence of hydrocarbon functionality on the polymer back-bones.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DelormeDuboisGarnieretal.2006,
  author    = {Delorme, Nicolas and Dubois, Monique and Garnier, Sebastien and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Weinkamer, Richard and Zemb, Thomas and Fery, Andreas},
  title     = {Surface immobilization and mechanical properties of catanionic hollow faceted polyhedrons},
  issn      = {1520-1758},
  doi       = {10.1021/Jp054473+},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {We report here for the first time on surface immobilization of hollow faceted polyhedrons formed from catanionic surfactant mixtures. We find that electrostatic interaction with the substrate dominates their adhesion behavior. Using polyelectrolyte coated surfaces with tailored charge densities, polyhedrons can thus be immobilized without complete spreading, which allows for further study of their mechanical properties using AFM force measurements. The elastic response of individual polyhedrons can be locally resolved, showing pronounced differences in stiffness between faces and vertexes of the structure, which makes these systems interesting as models for structurally similar colloidal scale objects such as viruses, where such effects are predicted but cannot be directly observed due to the smaller dimensions. Elastic constants of the wall material are estimated using shell and plate deformation models and are found to be a factor of 5 larger than those for neutral lipidic bilayers in the gel state. We discuss the molecular origins of this high stiffness},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GarnierLaschewsky2006,
  author    = {Garnier, Sebastien and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {New amphiphilic diblock copolymers : surfactant properties and solubilization in their micelles},
  issn      = {0743-7463},
  doi       = {10.1021/La0600595},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Several series of amphiphilic diblock copolymers are investigated as macrosurfactants in comparison to reference low-molar-mass and polymeric surfactants. The various copolymers share poly(butyl acrylate) as a common hydrophobic block but are distinguished by six different hydrophilic blocks (one anionic, one cationic, and four nonionic hydrophilic blocks) with various compositions. Dynamic light scattering experiments indicate the presence of micelles over the whole concentration range from 10(-4) to 10 g(.)L(-1). Accordingly, the critical micellization concentrations are very low. Still, the surface tension of aqueous solutions of block copolymers decreases slowly but continuously with increasing concentration, without exhibiting a plateau. The longer the hydrophobic block, the shorter the hydrophilic block, and the less hydrophilic the monomer of the hydrophilic block is, the lower the surface tension is. However, the effects are small, and the copolymers reduce the surface tension much less than standard low-molar-mass surfactants. Also, the copolymers foam much less and even act as anti-foaming agents in classical foaming systems composed of standard surfactants. The copolymers stabilize O/W emulsions made of methyl palmitate as equally well as standard surfactants but are less efficient for O/W emulsions made of tributyrine. However, the copolymer micelles exhibit a high solubilization power for hydrophobic dyes, probably at their core-corona interface, in dependence on the initial geometry of the micelles and the composition of the block copolymers. Whereas micelles of copolymers with strongly hydrophilic blocks are stable upon solubilization, solubilization-induced micellar growth is observed for copolymers with moderately hydrophilic blocks},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{StrehmelLaschewskyWetzel2006,
  author    = {Strehmel, Veronika and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Wetzel, Hendrik},
  title     = {Homopolymerization of a highly polar zwitterionic methacrylate in ionic liquids and its copolymerization with a non-polar methacrylate},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Free radical homo- and copolymerization of the highly polar 3-(N-[2-methacryloyloxyethyl]-N,N-dimethylammonio) propane sulfonate with the nonpolar n-butylmethacrylate was investigated in the ionic liquids 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluoro phosphate, and compared to analogous polymerizations in standard solvents. Higher molar masses are obtained for the zwitterionic homopolymer when the polymerization is carried out in an ionic liquid compared to the classical reaction in water. Although homopolymerization of the sulfobetain monomer as well as of n-butylmethacrylate results in phase separation during the polymerization process, copolymerization of a stoichiometric ratio of the two monomers in the ionic liquids produced transparent gels indicating that no macrophase separation occurs. The use of ionic liquids as reaction medium improved the copolymerization behavior of the two methacrylates significantly. Whereas only minor amounts of n-butyl methacrylate were incorporated in the copolymer when synthesized in acetonitrile, the content of the non-polar monomer units in the zwitterionic copolymer approached increasingly its content in the polymerization mixture when ionic liquids were employed as solvents},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GarnierLaschewsky2005,
  author    = {Garnier, Sebastien and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Synthesis of new amphiphilic diblock copolymers and their self-assembly in aqueous solution},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Amphiphilic diblock copolymers composed of poly(butyl acrylate) as the hydrophobic block with a low glass transition temperature and of six different hydrophilic blocks (one anionic, one cationic, and four nonionic hydrophilic blocks) are prepared via reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The nonionic hydrophilic blocks comprise in addition to the classical poly(dimethylacrylamide), the thermally sensitive poly(N- acryloylpyrrolidine), and a comb-type polymer made of a poly(ethylene glycol acrylate) macromonomer, as well as a new strongly hydrophilic sulfoxide polymer. The "living" character of the polymerizations is supported by very low polydispersity indexes and a good correlation between the molar masses obtained and the theoretically expected ones. Two distinct glass transition temperatures were found by differential scanning calorimetry for the block copolymers, suggesting the immiscibility of the blocks in bulk. The self-assembling properties of the amphiphilic diblock copolymers in aqueous and organic media were studied by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering, as a function of the polarity of the hydrophilic blocks, the ratio of the lengths of the two blocks, and the overall molar mass of the diblock copolymers. Micellelike aggregates with diameters from 25 to 100 mn in water are found, as well as inverse micelles in organic solvents. The length of the hydrophobic block seems to be the main factor governing the size of the aggregates in water. The aggregates are very stable upon dilution and temperature cycles. For large hydrophobic blocks, big structures are observed in addition to small micelles initially after the dispersion in water. As the big aggregates disappear slowly, the micellization process seems thermodynamically favored. If two populations of micelles made from different block copolymers are brought together, "mixed" micelles are formed. The implicit exchange of polymers proves the dynamic character of the micellar systems based on poly(butyl acrylate) as hydrophobic block},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MallwitzLaschewsky2005,
  author    = {Mallwitz, Frank and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Direct access to stable, freestanding polymer membranes by layer-by-layer assembly of polyelectrolytes},
  issn      = {0935-9648},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {A novel method to prepare ultrathin, freestanding polyelectrolyte films in pores, without the need of sacrificial precursor coatings, has been developed (see Figure). The freestanding films are stable under ambient conditions and suited for additional electrostatic self-assembly or surface modification. They can be specifically decomposed, whereas after thermal crosslinking, resistant films are obtained},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SzczubialkaMoczekGoliszeketal.2005,
  author    = {Szczubialka, K. and Moczek, Lukasz and Goliszek, A. and Nowakowska, M. and Kotzev, Anton and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Characterization of hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon microdomains formed in aqueous solution of associative polymers : a molecular probe technique},
  issn      = {0022-1139},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Fluorocarbon associative polymers of the polysoap type were studied using two fluorescent probes, 1- octanoylpyrene (OcPyH) and 1-perfluorooctanoylpyrene (OcPyF). In aqueous solution the polymers formed hydrophobic domains composed of hydrocarbon, fluorocarbon or both types of polymeric side chains, which could solubilize the probes. This resulted in the appearance of new fluorescence emission bands and changes in the fluorescence polarization of the probes. The differences in the solubilization properties of the polymers are discussed. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RullensDeligneLaschewskyetal.2005,
  author    = {Rullens, F. and Deligne, N. and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Devillers, M.},
  title     = {A facile precursor route to transition metal molybdates using a polyzwitterionic matrix bearing simultaneously charged moieties and complexing groups},
  issn      = {0959-9428},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {An unconventional but easily accessible precursor route involving the thermal treatment of hybrid precursors containing an ampholytic polymer matrix is developed to prepare multimetallic oxides of catalytic interest such as transition metal molybdates. A copolymer of diallyldimethylammonium chloride and a functionalized maleamic acid bearing an amine group suited for cation complexation was designed, synthesized and used as a matrix to stabilize inorganic species generated in solution from Ni(NO3)(2)center dot 6H(2)O, Co(NO3)(2)center dot 6H(2)O and/or Mn(NO3)(2)center dot 4H(2)O together with (NH4)(6)Mo(7)O(24)center dot 4H(2)O. UV-vis-NIR as well as C-13-NMR studies suggest that the interactions between the cations and the polymer in solution are mainly electrostatic. Only minor complexation interactions take place under certain conditions. Homogeneous hybrid blends were prepared from these solutions. The presence of a complexing amine group in addition to the charged betaine moieties in the polymer permits stabilization of more than stoichiometric amounts of the metal species in the blends. XRD measurements suggest that the homogeneity in the solid state can be kept up to about 1.5 mol of each metal that is incorporated ( anionic as well as cationic) per mol of repeat units of the copolymer. The blends were calcined under air at 600 degrees C to produce the simple as well as mixed nickel, cobalt and manganese molybdates. Characterization of the final phases by XRD and Raman spectroscopy indicates that the alpha- as well as the beta-molybdate phases can be prepared, and that the mixed structures are solid solutions of the simple NiMoO4, MnMoO4 and CoMoO4. If the precursors engaged are homogeneous, the pH of the precursor solution, the amount of metal that is incorporated in the matrix, and the nature of the polymer matrix seem to exert only a minor influence on the nature of the final phase, which demonstrates the versatility and facile applicability of the method},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GarnierLaschewskyStorsberg2006,
  author    = {Garnier, Sebastien and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Storsberg, J},
  title     = {Polymeric surfactants : novel agents with exceptional properties},
  issn      = {0932-3414},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {This article presents recent progress in the field of polymeric surfactants made of permanently amphiphilic block copolymers or of stimulus-sensitive ones. We highlight key points in the design of amphiphilic macromolecules, to yield polymer surfactants with tailor-made properties, as well as recently developed and still challenging application fields for this new class of surfactants. The efficiency boosting of amphiphilic block copolymers as co-surfactants in microemulsions is discussed, as are surface modification by polymer surfactants, and stabilization of dispersions. Moreover, the use of block copolymers in nanosciences is presented, for instance as a tool for nanomaterial fabrication, or for biomedical and cosmetic applications in bio-nanotechnology. Finally, self-assembly and applications of some newly developed "exotic" amphiphilic block copolymer structures as new surface-active materials will be highlighted},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LaschewskyPoundSkrabaniaetal.2007,
  author    = {Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Pound, Gwenaelle and Skrabania, Katja and Holdt, Hans-Joachim and Teller, Joachim},
  title     = {Unsymmetrical bifunctional trithiocarbonate as unexpected by-product in the synthesis of a dithioester RAFT agent},
  issn      = {0303-402X},
  doi       = {10.1007/s.00396-007-1653-5},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {The trithiocarbonate 2-(benzylsulfanylthiocarbonylsulfanyl) propanoic acid is formed as minor by-product in the synthesis of the dithioester 2-((2-phenylthioacetyl)sulfanyl) propanoic acid via the Grignard route. The mechanism for this side reaction is not clear. The isolated trithiocarbonate may act as unsymmetrical but bifunctional RAFT agent in the aqueous polymerization of N,N-dimethyl acrylamide. Therefore, it is important to separate it completely from the dithioester before engaging the latter in controlled free radical polymerization to guarantee a maximum control.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LeporattiSczechRiegleretal.2005,
  author    = {Leporatti, S. and Sczech, R. and Riegler, H. and Bruzzano, Stefano and Storsberg, J. and Loth, Fritz and Jaeger, Werner and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Eichhorn, S. and Donath, E.},
  title     = {Interaction forces between cellulose microspheres and ultrathin cellulose films monitored by colloidal probe microscopy : effect of wet strength agents},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LutzLaschewsky2005,
  author    = {Lutz, Jean-Francois and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Multicompartment micelles : has the long-standing dream become a reality?},
  issn      = {1022-1352},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Multicompartment micelles are complex nanosized systems that possess a hydrosoluble shell and a hydrophobic core, which is characterized by segregated incompatible subdomains. With roots starting about ten years ago, the field of multi compartment micelles has evolved slowly, until recently when significant achievements have been made. The present article reviews strategies for building such micellar assemblies as well as morphological studies, highlights the future challenges, and discusses possible applications, which exploit the coexistence of differentiated nano- domains. Formation of multi compartment micelles using miktoarm stars mu-(polyethylethylene)(poly(ethylene oxide))(poly(perfluoropropylene oxide)) and a cryo-TEM image visualizing the process},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MertogluGarnierLaschewskyetal.2005,
  author    = {Mertoglu, Murat and Garnier, Sebastien and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Skrabania, Katja and Storsberg, J.},
  title     = {Stimuli responsive amphiphilic block copolymers for aqueous media synthesised via reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerisation (RAFT)},
  issn      = {0032-3861},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {A series of RAFT agents was synthesised, and used to prepare various ionic. non-ionic and zwitterionic water- soluble polymers, in organic as well as in aqueous media. The RAFT process proved to be a powerful method to prepare functional polymers of complex structure. such as amphiphilic diblock and triblock copolymers. This includes polymers containing one or even two stimuli-sensitive hydrophilic blocks. Switching the hydrophilic character of a single or of several blocks by changing the PH, the temperature or the salt content demonstrated the variability of the molecular designs suited for stimuli-sensitive polymeric amphiphiles, and exemplified the concept of multiple-sensitive systems. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier Ltd},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MertogluLaschewskySkrabaniaetal.2005,
  author    = {Mertoglu, Murat and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Skrabania, Katja and Wieland, C.},
  title     = {New water soluble agents for reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization and their application in aqueous solutions},
  issn      = {0024-9297},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {A series of nonionic, anionic, and cationic water-soluble monomers bearing the (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylamide, or styrene moiety were polymerized in water by free-radical polymerization via reversible addition- fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT). Several new water-soluble RAFT agents based on dithiobenzoate were employed that are water soluble independently of the pH. One of them bears a fluorophore, enabling unsymmetrical double end-group labeling as well as the preparation of fluorescent-labeled polymers. The temperature-dependent stability of the new RAFT agents against hydrolysis was studied. Controlled polymerization in aqueous solution was possible with styrenic, acrylic, and methacrylic monomers; molar masses increase with conversion, and polydispersities are relatively low. But RAFT polymerization failed for an anionic itaconate. Whereas polymerizations of methacrylamides were slow at temperatures below 60 degrees C, such conditions proved favorable for the RAFT polymerization of acrylates and methacrylates, to minimize hydrolysis of the dithioester end-group functionality, and to improve the preparation of block copolymers},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LaschewskyLunkenheimerRakotoalyetal.2005,
  author    = {Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Lunkenheimer, K. and Rakotoaly, R. H. and Wattebled, Laurent},
  title     = {Spacer effects in dimeric cationic surfactants},
  issn      = {0303-402X},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {A series of dimeric cationic surfactants (gemini surfactants), which have spacer groups of varying length and flexibility, was synthesized. The series is derived from the parent compounds dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride or benzyldodecyldimethylammonium chloride. Characteristic surfactant properties of the dimeric ammonium compounds such as surface activity, micellization, viscosity effects, foaming, and solubilization, were studied with respect to the influence of the spacer group on the surfactant. For all properties, the influence of the length of the spacer group was predominant though the chemical nature of the spacer cannot be neglected},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LaschewskyWattebledArotcarenaetal.2005,
  author    = {Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Wattebled, Laurent and Arotcarena, Michel and Habib-Jiwan, Jean-Louis and Rakotoaly, R. H.},
  title     = {Synthesis and properties of cationic oligomeric surfactants},
  issn      = {0743-7463},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Three series of new oligomeric cationic surfactants were synthesized. These amphiphiles are trimeric and tetrameric oligomeric quaternary ammonium chlorides, with spacer groups of different lengths separating the individual surfactant fragments. The properties of the compounds, such as Krafft temperatures, surface activity, micellization, viscosifying effects, foaming and solubilizing capacity, are studied. The influence of the degree of oligomerization and of the spacer group on the surfactant properties is discussed, in comparison with the analogous standard monomeric and dimeric ("gemini") surfactants. Typically, the evolution of the properties observed from standard to dimeric surfactants progresses with the trimers and tetramers, resulting for instance in extremely low critical micellization concentrations},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{StrehmelKraudeltWetzeletal.2004,
  author    = {Strehmel, Veronika and Kraudelt, Heide and Wetzel, Hendrik and Gornitz, Eckhard and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Free radical polymerization of methacrylates in ionic liquids},
  issn      = {0065-7727},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BaussardHabibJiwanLaschewskyetal.2004,
  author    = {Baussard, Jean-Francois and Habib-Jiwan, Jean-Louis and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Mertoglu, Murat and Storsberg, Joachim},
  title     = {New chain transfer agents for reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerisation in aqueous media : 1. Synthesis and stability in water},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {New chain transfer agents for free radical polymerisation via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) were synthesised that are particularly suited for aqueous solution polymerisation. The new compounds bear dithioester and trithiocarbonate moieties as well as permanently ionic groups to confer solubility in water. Their stability against hydrolysis was studied, and compared with the one of a frequently employed water-soluble RAFT agent, using UV-Vis-spectroscopy and H-1-NMR measurements. An improved resistance to hydrolysis was found for the new RAFT agents compared to the reference one, providing good stabilities in the pH range between 1 and 8, and up to temperatures of 70 degreesC. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LettauWarsinkeLaschewskyetal.2004,
  author    = {Lettau, Kristian and Warsinke, Axel and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Mosbach, K. and Yilmaz, E. and Scheller, Frieder W.},
  title     = {An esterolytic imprinted polymer prepared via a silica-supported transition state analogue},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {In this work we describe a new preparation method for an esterolytic imprinted polymer with catalytic sites on the surface. A template was prepared by immobilizing a transition state analogue (phosphoramidic acid derivative) of an esterolytic reaction within porous silica particles. Polymerization within the pores was carried out using 4- vinylimidazole as a functional monomer and divinylbenzene as a cross-linker. The polymer was released by dissolution of the silica support with hydrofluoric acid and catalytic properties were studied by incubation with three different 4- nitrophenylesters and spectrophotometric determination of the released 4-nitrophenol. For 4-nitrophenyl acetate an activity of 211 nmol min(-1) mg(-1) and a K-m value of 2.2 mmol L-1 was obtained},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LaschewskyMallwitzBaussardetal.2004,
  author    = {Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Mallwitz, Frank and Baussard, Jean-Francois and Cochin, Didier and Fischer, Peter and Habib-Jiwan, Jean-Louis and Wischerhoff, Erik},
  title     = {Aggregation phenomena in polyelectrolyte multilayers made from polyelectrolytes bearing bulky functional, hydrophobic fragments},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The functionalization of polyelectrolyte multilayers often implies the use of bulky functional fragments, attached to a standard polyelectrolyte matrix. Despite of the high density of non-charged, often hydrophobic substituents, regular film growth by sequential adsorption proceeds easily when an appropriate polyelectrolyte counter ion is chosen. However, the functional fragments may cluster or aggregate. This complication is particularly evident when using chromophores and fluorophores as bulky pendant groups. Attention has to be paid to this phenomenon for the design of functional polyelectrolyte films, as aggregation may modify crucially the properties. The use of charged spacer groups does not necessarily suppress the aggregation of functional side groups. Still, clustering and aggregation depend on the detailed system employed, and are not obligatory. In the case of cationic poly(acrylamide)s labeled with naphthalene and pyrene fluorophores, for instance, the polymers form intramolecular hydrophobic associates in solution, as indicated by strong excimer formation. But the polymers can undergo a conformational rearrangement upon adsorption so that they are decoiled in the adsorbed films. Analogous observations are made for polyanions bearing mesogenic biphenyls fragments. In contrast, polycations functionalized with the dye coumarin 343 show little aggregation in solution, but a marked aggregation in the ESA films},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RullensDevillersLaschewsky2004,
  author    = {Rullens, F. and Devillers, M. and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {New regular, amphiphilic poly(ampholyte)s : synthesis and characterization},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Hydrophobically substituted diallylamines bearing a hexyl, dodecyl, or octadecyl chain were synthesized and homopolymerized as hydrochlorides. Copolymerixation of the diallylamines with maleic acid produces alternating copolymers. The copolymers behave as amphiphilic polyampholytes and dissolve best in the acidic or in the basic form. Only the colpolymer with the hexyl chain could be dissolved in aqueous solvents and shows hydrophobic associaiton. The copolymers with the longer alkyl chains require polar protic organic solvents. All polymers are amorphous, but show a superstructure in bulk due to their amphiphilicity},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HennauxLaschewsky2003,
  author    = {Hennaux, P. and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Novel nonionic polymerisable surfactants based on sulfoxides : 2. Homo- and Copolymers},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{YuillaumeGlinelJonasetal.2003,
  author    = {Yuillaume, P. Y. and Glinel, Karine and Jonas, Alain M. and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Ordered polyelectrolyte "Multilayers" : 6. Effect of the molecular parameters on the formation of hybrid multilayers complexing poly(diallylammonium) salt and exfoliated clay},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Laschewsky2003,
  author    = {Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Polymerized micelles with compartments},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BaussardHabibJiwanLaschewsky2003,
  author    = {Baussard, Jean-Francois and Habib-Jiwan, Jean-Louis and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Enhanced F{\"o}rster resonance energy transfer in electrostatically self-assembled multilayer films made from new fluorescent labeled polycations},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ArysFischerJonasetal.2003,
  author    = {Arys, Xavier and Fischer, Peter and Jonas, Alain M. and Koetse, Marc M. and Legras, Roger and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Wischerhoff, Erik},
  title     = {Ordered polyelectrolyte multilayers : rules governing layering in organic binary multilayers},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GlinelJonasLaschewskyetal.2003,
  author    = {Glinel, Karine and Jonas, Alain M. and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Vuillaume, Pascal Y.},
  title     = {Internally structured polyelectrolyte multilayers},
  isbn      = {3-527-30440-1},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Laschewsky2003,
  author    = {Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Polymeric Surfactants},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {The contribution gives an overview over polymeric surfactants that are suited to act as micellar polymers in aqueous media. The various polymer types are presented, and the characteristic property profiles distinguishing the classes are highlighted},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{VirtanenArotcarenaHeiseetal.2002,
  author    = {Virtanen, Janne and Arotcarena, Michel and Heise, Bettina and Ishaya, Sultana and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Tenhu, Heikki},
  title     = {Dissolution and aggregation of a poly (NIPA-block-sulfobetaine) copolymer in pure and saline aqueous solutions},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {Thermal properties of block copolymer, poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide)-block-poly(3-[N-(3-methacrylamido-propyl)- N,N-dimethyl]-ammonio propane sulfonate), PNIPA-b-PSPP have been studied in pure and saline (NaCl) aqueous solutions by dynamic laser light scattering (DLS). The copolymer [Mw(PNIPA) 10800 g/mol and Mw(PSPP) 9700 g/mol] exhibits both an upper (UCST 9 oC) and lower (LCST 32 oC) critical solution temperatures in pure water. The addition of NaCl enhances the solubility of the zwitterionic polymer, PSPP, leading to the disappearance of the UCST. On the other hand, the solubility of PNIPA in water decreases as NaCl is added. At 20 oC the copolymer shows a bimodal size distribution through the NaCl concentration range of 0-0.93 M above a certain limiting polymer concentration. The slow and fast components of the diffusion coefficients of the polymer have been calculated. A gradual addition of salt turns the mutual interactions from zwitterionic attractions between PSPP blocks to hydrophobic attractions between PNIPA blocks. The formation of the aggregates and the aggregate sizes at T < UCST and T > LCST are influenced by polymer and salt concentrations. Below UCST the aggregates in saline polymer solutions are larger than those in pure polymer solutions. Above LCST the aggregate size is determined by the salt concentration.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ArotcarenaHeiseIshayaetal.2002,
  author    = {Arotcarena, Michel and Heise, Bettina and Ishaya, Sultana and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Switching the inside and the outside of aggregates of water-soluble block copolymers with double thermoresponsivity},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {Water-soluble block copolymers were prepared from the non-ionic monomer N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPA) and the zwitterionic monomer 3-[N-(3-methacrylamidopropyl)-N,N-dimethyl]-ammonio propane sulfonate (SPP) by sequential free radical polymerization via the RAFT process. Such block copolymers with two hydrophilic blocks exhibit double thermo- responsive behavior in water: the poly-NIPA block shows a lower critical solution temperature, whereas the poly-SPP block exhibits an upper critical solution temperature. Appropriate design of the block lengths leads to block copolymers which stay in solution in the full temperature range between 0°C and 100°C. Both blocks of these polymers dissolve in water at intermediate temperatures, whereas at high temperatures, the poly-NIPA block forms colloidal hydrophobic associates that are kept in solution by the poly-SPP block, and at low temperatures, the poly-SPP block forms colloidal polar aggregates that are kept in solution by the poly-NIPA block. In this way, colloidal aggregates can be prepared in water which switch reversibly, and without any additive, their "inside" to the "outside", and vice versa. The aggregates provide microdomains and surfaces of different character, which can be controlled by a simple thermal stimulus.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LunkenheimerLaschewskyWarszynskietal.2002,
  author    = {Lunkenheimer, K. and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Warszynski, P. and Hirte, R.},
  title     = {On the adsorption behaviour of soluble, surface-chemically pure hemicyanine dyes at the air/water interface},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {Equilibrium surface tension (se) versus concentration isotherms of surface-chemically pure aqueous solutions of the homologous series of N-n-alkyl-4'-(dimethylamino)-stilbaziumbromides ('hemicyanines') were measured at 295 K. The adsorption parameters of saturation adsorption and standard free energy of adsorption of the hemicyanines were determined from the evaluation of the se vs. c isotherms by using a two state approach to surface equation of state. The adsorption parameters reveal a very pronounced phenomenon of alternation (even/ odd- effect) which has so far not been met to a large extent like this. Thus, the cross-sectional areas of the odd members are almost twice those of the related even members. Surface activity of the odd is stronger than that of the even members. UV-Vis investigations showed that there is no indication of aggregate formation in the adsorption layer. The thermodynamic results give evidence for distinct differences between the surface conformations of the even- and the odd-chain hemicyanine dyes although the reasons for it are not known.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{KochLaschewskyRingsdorfetal.1986,
  author    = {Koch, Horst and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Ringsdorf, Helmut and Teng, Kang},
  title     = {Photodimerization and photopolymerization of amphiphilic cinnamic acid derivatives in oriented monolayers, vesicles and solution},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17111},
  year      = {1986},
  abstract  = {Cinnamic acid moieties were incorporated into amphiphilic compounds containing one and two alkyl chains. These lipid-like compounds with photoreactive units undergo self-organization to form monolayers at the gas-water interface and bilayer structures (vesicles) in aqueous solutions. The photoreaction of the cinnamic acid moiety induced by 254 nm UV light was investigated in the crystalline state, in monolayers, in vesicles and in solution in organic solvents. The single-chain amphiphiles undergo dimerization to yield photoproducts with twice the molecular weight of the corresponding monomers in organized systems. The photoreaction of amphiphiles containing two cinnamic acid groups occurs via two mechanisms: The intramolecular dimerization produces bicycles, with retention of the molecular weight of the corresponding monomer. The intermolecular reaction leads to oligomeric and polymeric photoproducts. In contrast to the single-chain amphiphiles, photodimerization processes of lipoids containing two cinnamic acid moieties also occur in solution in organic solvents.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{AlbrechtCummingKreuderetal.1986,
  author    = {Albrecht, O. and Cumming, W. and Kreuder, W. and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Ringsdorf, Helmut},
  title     = {Monolayers of rod-shaped and disc-shaped liquid crystalline compounds at the air-water interface},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17124},
  year      = {1986},
  abstract  = {Calamitic (rod-shaped) and discotic (disc-shaped) thermotropic liquid crystalline (LC) compounds were spread at the air-water interface, and their ability to form monolayers was studied. The calamitic LCs investigated were found to form monolayers which behave analogously to conventional amphiphiles such as fatty acids. The spreading of the discotic LCs produced monolayers as well, but with a behaviour different from classical amphiphiles. The areas occupied per molecule are too small to allow the contact of all hydrophilic groups with the water surface and the packing of all hydrophobic chains. Various molecular arrangements of the discotics at the water surface to fit the spreading data are discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{LaschewskyRingsdorfSchmidt1985,
  author    = {Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Ringsdorf, H. and Schmidt, G.},
  title     = {Polymerization of hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon amphiphiles in Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17096},
  year      = {1985},
  abstract  = {Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers of polymerizable carboxylic acids with hydrocarbon or fluorocarbon chains were prepared. The multilayers were polymerized by UV light and the reactions were studied by UV/visible spectroscopy. The polyreactions strongly influence the multilayer structures which were investigated by X-ray small-angle scattering and scanning electron microscopy. The spreading behaviour of the monomers, the preparation of multilayers, their reactivities in multilayers and structural effects caused by the polyreactions are discussed with regard to the hydrophilic head groups, the polymerizable groups and the hydrophobic chains.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{LaschewskyRingsdorfSchneider1986,
  author    = {Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Ringsdorf, H. and Schneider, J.},
  title     = {Oriented supramolecular systems-polymeric monolayers and multilayers from prepolymerized amphiphiles},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17131},
  year      = {1986},
  abstract  = {Oriented polymeric membranes were originally prepared by polymerization or polycondensation of preoriented monomers. The introduction of hydrophilic spacer groups into the polymeric amphiphiles allowed the formation of highly ordered systems (monolayers, liposomes, multilayers) from prepolymerized amphiphiles: due to the partial decoupling of the different mobilities and orientation tendencies of the polymer chain and the amphiphilic side groups, these polymers are able to self-organize. In monolayer experiments the high order of these membranes could be demonstrated by their surface pressure area-diagrams. In addition the combination of order and mobility of these spacer groups containing polymeric amphiphiles allowed the formation of Langmuir-Blodgett-multilyers with a high layer correlation. Thus, disturbancies in highly oriented layers can be avoided normally taking place during the polymerization reaction (e.g. contractions) or oriented monomeric layers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{ElbertLaschewskyRingsdorf1985,
  author    = {Elbert, R. and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Ringsdorf, H.},
  title     = {Hydrophilic spacer groups in polymerizable lipids: formation of biomembrane models from bulk polymerized lipids},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17361},
  year      = {1985},
  abstract  = {A variety of polymerizable lipids containing a hydrophilic spacer group between the reactive group and the main amphiphilic structure have been synthesized. They were investigated in monolayers, liposomes, and multilayers. When the spacer concept was used, efficient decoupling of the motions of the polymeric chain and the amphiphilic side groups is achieved. Thus, the often found loss of the important fluid phases by polymerization is avoided. Polymeric monolayers of the spacer lipid, prepared either by polymerization in the monolayer or by spreading of prepolymerized lipid, exhibit nearly identical surface pressure-area diagrams. Most distinctly, the successful decoupling of the motions of the polymer main chain and the membrane forming amphiphilic side groups is demonstrated by the self-organization of bulk polymerized spacer lipids to polymeric liposomes. In addition, spacer lipids are able to build polymeric Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers. The decoupling of the polymer main chain and the membrane-forming amphiphilic side groups enables the deposition of already polymeric monolayers onto supports to form defined multilayers. If, alternatively, monomeric monolayers are deposited and polymerized on the support, defects in the layers due to structural changes during the polymerization are avoided by the flexible spacer group.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{LaschewskyRingsdorfSchmidtetal.1987,
  author    = {Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Ringsdorf, H. and Schmidt, G. and Schneider, J.},
  title     = {Self-organization of polymeric lipids with hydrophilic spacers in side groups and main chain : investigation in monolayers and multilayers},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17147},
  year      = {1987},
  abstract  = {Several polymerizable lipids were synthesized and polymerized to amphiphilic homopolymers and to copolymers with the help of hydrophilic comonomers. The self-organization of these polymeric lipids was investigated in monolayers and Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers. The self-organization of these polymers in model membranes is due to hydrophilic spacer groups in the amphiphilic side groups as well as to hydrophilic spacer groups in the polymer backbone. Thus, highly ordered monolayers and LB-multilayers are easily obtained.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{KoeberleLaschewsky1994,
  author    = {K{\"o}berle, Peter and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Hybrid materials from organic polymers and inorganic salts},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-26884},
  year      = {1994},
  abstract  = {The prepaparation of amorphous, homogeneous blends of zwitterionic polymers and transition metal salts was investigated. Homogeneous miscibility was achieved in many cases up to equimolar amounts of salt, depending on the anion and cation chosen. Various analytical techniques point to a solid state solution of the inorganic ions in the polymer matrix.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{KoeberleLaschewskyTsukruk1992,
  author    = {K{\"o}berle, Peter and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Tsukruk, Vladimir},
  title     = {The structural order of some novel ionic polymers : 1. X-ray scattering studies},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17247},
  year      = {1992},
  abstract  = {A set of novel zwitterionic side-chain polyacrylates and polymethacrylates is studied by X-ray scattering. The structural order both in the short-range and long-range scale is investigated. The influence of the polymer backbone, of different locations of the ionic groups in isomeric polymers, of bound water and of added inorganic salts on the bulk structures is studied, and the observed rearrangements are analysed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{AntonLaschewsky1993,
  author    = {Anton, Peter and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Zwitterionic polysoaps with reduced density of surfactant side groups},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17301},
  year      = {1993},
  abstract  = {Several zwitterionic polymers were prepared by radical homopolymerization of surfactant monomers which bear diallyl, diene or vinylcyclopropane moieties. These polymer systems were complemented by alternating copolymers of appropriate zwitterionic vinyl compounds. Thus, polymers with reduced (as compared with simple vinylic homopolymers, or statistical copolymers) and well defined density of surfactant side groups are obtained. The solubilities found for these polymers are dominated by polymer geometry rather than by the balance of hydrophilic and hydrophobic fragments, thus corroborating a main-chain spacer model proposed recently. All water-soluble polymers exhibit characteristic features of classical polysoaps, as shown by surface tension measurements and by solubilization of hydrophobic dyes. In contrast, the water-insoluble copolymers are capable to form stable monolayers at the air-water interface.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{EmbsFunhoffLaschewskyetal.1991,
  author    = {Embs, Frank and Funhoff, Dirk and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Licht, Ulrike and Ohst, Holger and Prass, Werner and Ringsdorf, Helmut and Wegner, Gerhard and Wehrmann, Rolf},
  title     = {Preformed polymers for Langmuir-Blodgett films- molecular concepts},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17196},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {The use of preformed polymers for the preparation of Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) multilayers is reviewed. Principles for polymer self-organization are outlined and the appropriate molecular designs are discussed. Recent developments in the different classes of polymers for LB multilayers are presented, and their outstanding properties highlighted.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{BubeckLaschewskyLupoetal.1991,
  author    = {Bubeck, Christoph and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Lupo, Donald and Neher, Dieter and Ottenbreit, Petra and Paulus, Wolfgang and Prass, Werner and Ringsdorf, Helmut and Wegner, Gerhard},
  title     = {Amphiphilic dyes for nonlinear optics: Dependence of second harmonic generation on functional group substitution},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17201},
  year      = {1991},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{AntonLaschewskyWard1995,
  author    = {Anton, Peter and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Ward, M. D.},
  title     = {Solubilization control by redox-switching of polysoaps},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17336},
  year      = {1995},
  abstract  = {Reversible changes in the self-organization of polysoaps may be induced by controlling their charge numbers via covalently bound redox moieties. This is illustrated with two viologen polysoaps, which in response to an electrochemical stimulus, change their solubility and aggregation in water, leading from homogeneously dissolved and aggregated molecules to collapsed ones and vice verse. Using the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM), it could be shown that the reversibility of this process is better than 95\% in 16 cycles.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{CochinHendlingerLaschewsky1995,
  author    = {Cochin, Didier and Hendlinger, P. and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Polysoaps with fluorocarbon hydrophobic chains},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17347},
  year      = {1995},
  abstract  = {A series of amphiphilic copolymers is prepared by copolymerization of choline methacrylate with 1,1,2,2-tetrahydroperfluorooctyl methacrylate in varying amounts. The copolymers bearing fluorocarbon chains are studied concerning their effects on viscosity, solubilization and surface activity in aqueous solution, exhibiting a general behavior characteristic for polysoaps. The results are compared with the ones obtained for an analogous series of amphiphilic copolymers bearing hydrocarbon chains.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{SchoenemannLaschewskyRosenhahn2018,
  author    = {Sch{\"o}nemann, Eric and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Rosenhahn, Axel},
  title     = {Exploring the long-term hydrolytic behavior of zwitterionic polymethacrylates and polymethacrylamides},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {1091},
  issn      = {1866-8372},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-47305},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-473052},
  pages     = {25},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The hydrolytic stability of polymers to be used for coatings in aqueous environments, for example, to confer anti-fouling properties, is crucial. However, long-term exposure studies on such polymers are virtually missing. In this context, we synthesized a set of nine polymers that are typically used for low-fouling coatings, comprising the well-established poly(oligoethylene glycol methylether methacrylate), poly(3-(N-2-methacryloylethyl-N,N-dimethyl) ammoniopropanesulfonate) ("sulfobetaine methacrylate"), and poly(3-(N-3-methacryamidopropyl-N,N-dimethyl)ammoniopropanesulfonate) ("sulfobetaine methacrylamide") as well as a series of hitherto rarely studied polysulfabetaines, which had been suggested to be particularly hydrolysis-stable. Hydrolysis resistance upon extended storage in aqueous solution is followed by ¹H NMR at ambient temperature in various pH regimes. Whereas the monomers suffered slow (in PBS) to very fast hydrolysis (in 1 M NaOH), the polymers, including the polymethacrylates, proved to be highly stable. No degradation of the carboxyl ester or amide was observed after one year in PBS, 1 M HCl, or in sodium carbonate buffer of pH 10. This demonstrates their basic suitability for anti-fouling applications. Poly(sulfobetaine methacrylamide) proved even to be stable for one year in 1 M NaOH without any signs of degradation. The stability is ascribed to a steric shielding effect. The hemisulfate group in the polysulfabetaines, however, was found to be partially labile.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{SchoenemannLaschewskyWischerhoffetal.2019,
  author    = {Sch{\"o}nemann, Eric and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Wischerhoff, Erik and Koc, Julian and Rosenhahn, Axel},
  title     = {Surface modification by polyzwitterions of the sulfabetaine-type, and their resistance to biofouling},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {919},
  issn      = {1866-8372},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-44200},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-442007},
  pages     = {35},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Films of zwitterionic polymers are increasingly explored for conferring fouling resistance to materials. Yet, the structural diversity of polyzwitterions is rather limited so far, and clear structure-property relationships are missing. Therefore, we synthesized a series of new polyzwitterions combining ammonium and sulfate groups in their betaine moieties, so-called poly(sulfabetaine)s. Their chemical structures were varied systematically, the monomers carrying methacrylate, methacrylamide, or styrene moieties as polymerizable groups. High molar mass homopolymers were obtained by free radical polymerization. Although their solubilities in most solvents were very low, brine and lower fluorinated alcohols were effective solvents in most cases. A set of sulfabetaine copolymers containing about 1 mol \% (based on the repeat units) of reactive benzophenone methacrylate was prepared, spin-coated onto solid substrates, and photo-cured. The resistance of these films against the nonspecific adsorption by two model proteins (bovine serum albumin—BSA, fibrinogen) was explored, and directly compared with a set of references. The various polyzwitterions reduced protein adsorption strongly compared to films of poly(n-butyl methacrylate) that were used as a negative control. The poly(sulfabetaine)s showed generally even somewhat higher anti-fouling activity than their poly(sulfobetaine) analogues, though detailed efficacies depended on the individual polymer-protein pairs. Best samples approach the excellent performance of a poly(oligo(ethylene oxide) methacrylate) reference.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FandrichBullerMemczaketal.2017,
  author    = {Fandrich, Artur and Buller, Jens and Memczak, Henry and Stoecklein, W. and Hinrichs, K. and Wischerhoff, E. and Schulz, B. and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Lisdat, Fred},
  title     = {Responsive Polymer-Electrode Interface-Study of its Thermo- and pH-Sensitivity and the Influence of Peptide Coupling},
  series = {Electrochimica acta : the journal of the International Society of Electrochemistry (ISE)},
  volume    = {229},
  journal   = {Electrochimica acta : the journal of the International Society of Electrochemistry (ISE)},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0013-4686},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.electacta.2017.01.080},
  pages     = {325 -- 333},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {This study introduces a thermally responsive, polymer-based electrode system. The key component is a surface-attached, temperature-responsive poly(oligoethylene glycol) methacrylate (poly(OEGMA)) type polymer bearing photoreactive benzophenone and carboxy groups containing side chains. The responsive behavior of the polymer in aqueous media has been investigated by turbidimetry measurements. Polymer films are formed on gold substrates by means of the photoreactive 2(dicyclohexylphosphino)benzophenone (DPBP) through photocrosslinking. The electrochemical behavior of the resulting polymer-substrate interface has been investigated in buffered [Fe(CN)6](3-)/[Fe (CN)6](4-)solutions at room temperature and under temperature variation by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The CV experiments show that with increasing temperature structural changes of the polymer layer occur, which alter the output of the electrochemical measurement. Repeated heating/cooling cycles analyzed by CV measurements and pH changes analyzed by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) reveal the reversible nature of the restructuring process. The immobilized films are further modified by covalent coupling of two small biomolecules - a hydrophobic peptide and a more hydrophilic one. These attached components influence the hydrophobicity of the layer in a different way the resulting change of the temperature-caused behavior has been studied by CV indicating a different state of the polymer after coupling of the hydrophobic peptide.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchoenemannLaschewskyRosenhahn2018,
  author    = {Sch{\"o}nemann, Eric and Laschewsky, Andre and Rosenhahn, Axel},
  title     = {Exploring the long-term hydrolytic behavior of zwitterionic polymethacrylates and polymethacrylamides},
  series = {Polymers},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Polymers},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2073-4360},
  doi       = {10.3390/polym10060639},
  pages     = {23},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The hydrolytic stability of polymers to be used for coatings in aqueous environments, for example, to confer anti-fouling properties, is crucial. However, long-term exposure studies on such polymers are virtually missing. In this context, we synthesized a set of nine polymers that are typically used for low-fouling coatings, comprising the well-established poly(oligoethylene glycol methylether methacrylate), poly(3-(N-2-methacryloylethyl-N,N-dimethyl) ammoniopropanesulfonate) (sulfobetaine methacrylate), and poly(3-(N-3-methacryamidopropyl-N,N-dimethyl)ammoniopropanesulfonate) (sulfobetaine methacrylamide) as well as a series of hitherto rarely studied polysulfabetaines, which had been suggested to be particularly hydrolysis-stable. Hydrolysis resistance upon extended storage in aqueous solution is followed by H-1 NMR at ambient temperature in various pH regimes. Whereas the monomers suffered slow (in PBS) to very fast hydrolysis (in 1 M NaOH), the polymers, including the polymethacrylates, proved to be highly stable. No degradation of the carboxyl ester or amide was observed after one year in PBS, 1 M HCl, or in sodium carbonate buffer of pH 10. This demonstrates their basic suitability for anti-fouling applications. Poly(sulfobetaine methacrylamide) proved even to be stable for one year in 1 M NaOH without any signs of degradation. The stability is ascribed to a steric shielding effect. The hemisulfate group in the polysulfabetaines, however, was found to be partially labile.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LaschewskyRosenhahn2019,
  author    = {Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Rosenhahn, Axel},
  title     = {Molecular design of zwitterionic polymer interfaces},
  series = {Langmuir},
  volume    = {35},
  journal   = {Langmuir},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {American Chemical Society},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0743-7463},
  doi       = {10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01789},
  pages     = {1056 -- 1071},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The widespread occurrence of zwitterionic compounds in nature has incited their frequent use in designing biomimetic materials. Therefore, zwitterionic polymers are a thriving field. A particular interest for this particular polymer class has currently focused on their use in establishing neutral, low-fouling surfaces. After highlighting strategies to prepare model zwitterionic surfaces as well as those that are more suitable for practical purposes relying strongly on radical polymerization methods, we present recent efforts to diversify the structure of the hitherto quite limited variety of zwitterionic monomers and of the derived polymers. We identify key structural variables, consider their influence on essential properties such as overall hydrophilicity and long-term stability, and discuss promising targets for the synthesis of new variants.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{CouturierWischerhoffBerninetal.2016,
  author    = {Couturier, Jean-Philippe and Wischerhoff, Erik and Bernin, Robert and Hettrich, Cornelia and Koetz, Joachim and Sutterlin, Martin and Tiersch, Brigitte and Laschewsky, Andre},
  title     = {Thermoresponsive Polymers and Inverse Opal Hydrogels for the Detection of Diols},
  series = {Langmuir},
  volume    = {32},
  journal   = {Langmuir},
  publisher = {American Chemical Society},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0743-7463},
  doi       = {10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00803},
  pages     = {4333 -- 4345},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Responsive inverse opal hydrogels functionalized by boroxole moieties were synthesized and explored as sensor platforms for various low molar mass as well as polymeric diols and polyols, including saccharides, glycopolymers and catechols, by exploiting the diol induced modulation of their structural color. The underlying thermoresponsive water-soluble copolymers and hydrogels exhibit a coil-to-globule or volume phase transition, respectively, of the LCST-type. They were prepared from oligoethylene oxide methacrylate (macro)monomers and functionalized via copolymerization to bear benzoboroxole moieties. The resulting copolymers represent weak polyacids, which can bind specifically to diols within an appropriate pH window. Due to the resulting modulation of the overall hydrophilicity of the systems and the consequent shift of their phase transition temperature, the usefulness of such systems for indicating the presence of catechols, saccharides, and glycopolymers was studied, exploiting the diol/polyol induced shifts of the soluble polymers' cloud point, or the induced changes of the hydrogels' swelling. In particular, the increased acidity of benzoboroxoles compared to standard phenylboronic acids allowed performing the studies in PBS buffer (phosphate buffered saline) at the physiologically relevant pH of 7.4. The inverse opals constructed of these thermo- and analyte-responsive hydrogels enabled following the binding of specific diols by the induced shift of the optical stop band. Their highly porous structure enabled the facile and specific optical detection of not only low molar mass but also of high molar mass diol/polyol analytes such as glycopolymers. Accordingly, such thermoresponsive inverse opal systems functionalized with recognition units represent attractive and promising platforms for the facile sensing of even rather big analytes by simple optical means, or even by the bare eye.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{GrottPeterLinkeretal.2003,
  author    = {Grott, Saskia and Peter, Martin G. and Linker, Torsten and Sefkow, Michael and Kroll, J{\"u}rgen and Koetz, Joachim and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Lokatis, Siegfried and Rheinberg, Falko and Manig, Yvette},
  title     = {Portal = Chemie: Werkstoffe, Wirkstoffe, Lebensvorg{\"a}nge},
  number    = {01-02/2003},
  organization    = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam, Referat f{\"u}r Presse- und {\"O}ffentlichkeitsarbeit},
  issn      = {1618-6893},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43971},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-439713},
  pages     = {46},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Aus dem Inhalt: - Chemie: Werkstoffe, Wirkstoffe, Lebensvorg{\"a}nge - Institut f{\"u}r Kirchenrecht gegr{\"u}ndet - Computerlinguisten erstellen digitales W{\"o}rterbuch - Vom Spaß am Graffiti-Sprayen},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{StrehmelLaschewskyWetzeletal.2006,
  author    = {Strehmel, Veronika and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Wetzel, Hendrik and Gornitz, Eckhard},
  title     = {Free radical polymerization of n-butyl methacrylate in ionic liquids},
  doi       = {10.1021/Ma0516945},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Ionic liquids based on imidazolium, pyridinium, and alkylammonium salts were investigated as solvents in free radical polymerization of the model monomer n-butyl methacrylate. The properties of the ionic liquids were systematically varied by changing the length of the alkyl substituents on the cations, and by employing different anions such as tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, tosylate, triflate, alkyl sulfates and dimethyl phosphate. Results were compared to analogous polymerizations in toluene and in bulk. The solvents have no detectable influence on polymer tacticity. However, the molar masses obtained and the degree of polymerization, respectively, are very sensitive to the choice of the solvent. The degrees of polymerization are significantly higher when polymerizations were carried out in ionic liquids compared to polymerization in toluene, and can even exceed the values obtained by bulk polymerization. Imidazolium salts unsubstituted at C-2 result in an increase in the degree of polymerization of the poly(butyl methacrylate) with increasing viscosity of these ionic liquids. Methyl substitution at C-2 of the imidazolium ion results in an increase in the viscosity of the ionic liquid and in a viscosity independent degree of polymerization of the poly(butyl methacrylate). Ionic liquids based on imidazolium salts seem preferable over pyridinium and alkylammonium salts because of the higher degree of polymerization of the poly(butyl methacrylate)s obtained in the imidazolium salts. The glass transition temperatures and thermal stabilities are higher for poly(butyl methacrylate)s synthesized in the ionic liquids compared to the polymer made in toluene},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SkrabaniavonBerlepschBoettcheretal.2010,
  author    = {Skrabania, Katja and von Berlepsch, Hans and B{\"o}ttcher, Christoph and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Synthesis of ternary, hydrophilic-lipophilic-fluorophilic block copolymers by consecutive RAFT polymerizations and their self-assembly into multicompartment micelles},
  issn      = {0024-9297},
  doi       = {10.1021/Ma901913f},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Linear amphiphilic diblock and ternary triblock copolymers were synthesized by the RAFT method in three Successive Steps, using oligo(ethylene oxide) monomethyl ether acrylate, butyl or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate. The diblock and the triblock copolymers, which consist of a hydrophilic, a lipophilic, and a fluorophilic block, self-assemble in water into spherical micellar aggregates. Imaging by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) revealed that the cores of the micellar aggregates made from these "triphilic" copolymers undergo local phase separation to form various ultrastructures, which depend sensitivity on the given block sequence. While the sequence hydrophilic-lipophilic-fluorophilic resulted in multicompartment cores with core-shell-corona morphology, the sequence lipophilic-hydrophilic-fluorophilic provided new "patched double micelle" and larger "soccer ball" structures.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WangKaunePerlichetal.2010,
  author    = {Wang, Weijia and Kaune, Gunar and Perlich, Jan and Paradakis, Christine M. and Bivigou Koumba, Achille Mayelle and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Schlage, K. and R{\"o}hlsberger, Ralf and Roth, Stephan V. and Cubitt, Robert and M{\"u}ller-Buschbaum, Peter},
  title     = {Swelling and switching kinetics of gold coated end-capped poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) thin films},
  issn      = {0024-9297},
  doi       = {10.1021/Ma902637a},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Thin thermoresponsive hydrogel films of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) end-capped with n-butyltrithiocarbonate(nbc- PNIPAM) oil si I icon supports with a gold layer on top, causing an asymmetric confinement, are investigated. For two different gold layer thicknesses (nominally 0.4 and 5 rim), the swelling and switching kinetics are probed with in situ neutron reflectivity. With a temperature jump from 23 to 40 degrees C the film is switched from a swollen into a collapsed state. For the thin gold layer this switching is faster as compared to the thick gold layer. The switching is a two-step process of water release and a subsequent structural relaxation. fit swelling and deswelling cycles, aging of the films is probed. After five cycles, the film exhibits enhanced water storage capacity. Grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) shows that these gold coated nbc-PNIPAM films do not age with respect to the inner structure but slightly roughen at the gold surface. As revealed by atomic force microscopy, the morphology of the gold layer is changed by the water uptake and release.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{UhligWischerhoffLutzetal.2010,
  author    = {Uhlig, Katja and Wischerhoff, Erik and Lutz, Jean-Francois and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and J{\"a}ger, Magnus S. and Lankenau, Andreas and Duschl, Claus},
  title     = {Monitoring cell detachment on PEG-based thermoresponsive surfaces using TIRF microscopy},
  issn      = {1744-683X},
  doi       = {10.1039/C0sm00010h},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Recently, we introduced a thermoresponsive copolymer that consists of oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (OEGMA) and 2-(2- methoxyethoxy) ethyl methacrylate (MEO(2)MA). The polymer exhibited an LCST at 35 degrees C in PBS buffer and was anchored onto gold substrates using disulfide polymerisation initiators. It allows the noninvasive detachment of adherent cells from their substrate. As the mechanisms that determine the interaction of cells with such polymers are not well understood, we employed Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy in order to monitor the detachment process of cells of two different types. We identified contact area and average cell-substrate distance as crucial parameters for the evaluation of the detachment process. The sensitivity of TIRF microscopy allowed us to correlate the specific adhesion pattern of MCF-7 breast cancer cells with the morphology of cell deposits that may serve as fingerprints for a nondestructive characterisation of live cells.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RullensVuillaumeMoussaetal.2006,
  author    = {Rullens, F and Vuillaume, Pascal Y. and Moussa, Alain and Habib-Jiwan, Jean-Louis and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Ordered polyelectrolyte "Multilayers". 7. Hybrid films self-assembled from fluorescent and smectogenic poly(diallylammonium) salts and delaminated clay},
  doi       = {10.1021/Cm060209x},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Homopolymers were prepared from diallylammonium monomers bearing 4-methylcoumarin and 4-cyanobiphenyl as fluorescent and mesogenic side groups, as well as their copolymers with diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC). Organic-inorganic hybrid films were electrostatically self-assembled via the layer-by-layer technique on silicon wafers and quartz plates from the chromophore-bearing polymers and an exfoliated synthetic hectorite. Photophysical studies performed in solution as well as in the self-assembled films demonstrated only a weak tendency for aggregation of the chromophores in the macromolecules. Moreover, assemblies made from the polymers carrying the cyanobiphenyl mesogen were found to exhibit a pronounced internal order},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{StrehmelLaschewskyStoesseretal.2006,
  author    = {Strehmel, Veronika and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Stoesser, Reinhard and Zehl, Andrea and Herrmann, Werner},
  title     = {Mobility of spin probes in ionic liquids},
  doi       = {10.1002/poc.1072},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {The spin probes TEMPO, TEMPOL, and CAT-1 were used to investigate microviscosity and micropolarity of imidazolium based ionic liquids bearing either tetrafluoroborate or hexafluorophosphate as anions and a variation of the substitution at the imidazolium ion. The average rotational correlation times (r) obtained by complete simulation of the X-band ESR spectra of TEMPO, TEMPOL, and CAT-1 increase with increasing viscosity of the ionic liquid although no Stokes Einstein behavior is observed. This is caused by microviscosity effects of the ionic liquids shown by application of the Gierer-Wirtz theory. Interestingly, the jump of the probe molecule into the free volume of the ionic liquids is a nonactivated process. The hyperfine coupling constants (A(iso) (N-14)) of TEMPO and TEMPOL dissolved in the ionic liquids do not depend on the structure of the ionic liquids. The A(iso) (N-14) values show a micropolarity of the ionic liquids that is comparable with methylenchloride in case of TEMPO and with dimethylsulfoxide in case of TEMPOL. Micropolarity monitored by CAT-1 strongly depends on structural variation of the ionic liquid. CAT-1 dissolved in imidazolium salts substituted with shorter alkyl chains at the nitrogen atom exhibits a micropolarity comparable with dimethylsulfoxide. A significant lower micropolarity is found for imidazolium. salts bearing a longer alkyl substituent at the nitrogen atom or a methyl substituent at C-2. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{InalKoelschChiappisietal.2013,
  author    = {Inal, Sahika and K{\"o}lsch, Jonas D. and Chiappisi, Leonardo and Janietz, Dietmar and Gradzielski, Michael and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Neher, Dieter},
  title     = {Structure-related differences in the temperature-regulated fluorescence response of LCST type polymers},
  doi       = {10.1039/C3TC31304B},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {We demonstrate new fluorophore-labelled materials based on acrylamide and on oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG) bearing thermoresponsive polymers for sensing purposes and investigate their thermally induced solubility transitions. It is found that the emission properties of the polarity-sensitive (solvatochromic) naphthalimide derivative attached to three different thermoresponsive polymers are highly specific to the exact chemical structure of the macromolecule. While the dye emits very weakly below the LCST when incorporated into poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAm) or into a polyacrylate backbone bearing only short OEG side chains, it is strongly emissive in polymethacrylates with longer OEG side chains. Heating of the aqueous solutions above their cloud point provokes an abrupt increase of the fluorescence intensity of the labelled pNIPAm, whereas the emission properties of the dye are rather unaffected as OEG-based polyacrylates and methacrylates undergo phase transition. Correlated with laser light scattering studies, these findings are ascribed to the different degrees of pre-aggregation of the chains at low temperatures and to the extent of dehydration that the phase transition evokes. It is concluded that although the temperature-triggered changes in the macroscopic absorption characteristics, related to large-scale alterations of the polymer chain conformation and aggregation, are well detectable and similar for these LCST-type polymers, the micro-environment provided to the dye within each polymer network differs substantially. Considering sensing applications, this finding is of great importance since the temperature-regulated fluorescence response of the polymer depends more on the macromolecular architecture than the type of reporter fluorophore.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{InalKoelschChiappisietal.2013,
  author    = {Inal, Sahika and Koelsch, Jonas D. and Chiappisi, Leonardo and Janietz, Dietmar and Gradzielski, Michael and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Neher, Dieter},
  title     = {Structure-related differences in the temperature-regulated fluorescence response of LCST type polymers},
  series = {Journal of materials chemistry : C, Materials for optical and electronic devices},
  volume    = {1},
  journal   = {Journal of materials chemistry : C, Materials for optical and electronic devices},
  number    = {40},
  publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {2050-7526},
  doi       = {10.1039/c3tc31304b},
  pages     = {6603 -- 6612},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {We demonstrate new fluorophore-labelled materials based on acrylamide and on oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG) bearing thermoresponsive polymers for sensing purposes and investigate their thermally induced solubility transitions. It is found that the emission properties of the polarity-sensitive (solvatochromic) naphthalimide derivative attached to three different thermoresponsive polymers are highly specific to the exact chemical structure of the macromolecule. While the dye emits very weakly below the LCST when incorporated into poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAm) or into a polyacrylate backbone bearing only short OEG side chains, it is strongly emissive in polymethacrylates with longer OEG side chains. Heating of the aqueous solutions above their cloud point provokes an abrupt increase of the fluorescence intensity of the labelled pNIPAm, whereas the emission properties of the dye are rather unaffected as OEG-based polyacrylates and methacrylates undergo phase transition. Correlated with laser light scattering studies, these findings are ascribed to the different degrees of pre-aggregation of the chains at low temperatures and to the extent of dehydration that the phase transition evokes. It is concluded that although the temperature-triggered changes in the macroscopic absorption characteristics, related to large-scale alterations of the polymer chain conformation and aggregation, are well detectable and similar for these LCST-type polymers, the micro-environment provided to the dye within each polymer network differs substantially. Considering sensing applications, this finding is of great importance since the temperature-regulated fluorescence response of the polymer depends more on the macromolecular architecture than the type of reporter fluorophore.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{InalKoelschSellrieetal.2013,
  author    = {Inal, Sahika and K{\"o}lsch, Jonas D. and Sellrie, Frank and Schenk, J{\"o}rg A. and Wischerhoff, Erik and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Neher, Dieter},
  title     = {A water soluble fluorescent polymer as a dual colour sensor for temperature and a specific protein},
  series = {Journal of materials chemistry : B, Materials for biology and medicine},
  volume    = {1},
  journal   = {Journal of materials chemistry : B, Materials for biology and medicine},
  number    = {46},
  publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {2050-750X},
  doi       = {10.1039/c3tb21245a},
  pages     = {6373 -- 6381},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {We present two thermoresponsive water soluble copolymers prepared via free radical statistical copolymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm) and of oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylates (OEGMAs), respectively, with a solvatochromic 7-(diethylamino)-3-carboxy-coumarin (DEAC)-functionalized monomer. In aqueous solutions, the NIPAm-based copolymer exhibits characteristic changes in its fluorescence profile in response to a change in solution temperature as well as to the presence of a specific protein, namely an anti-DEAC antibody. This polymer emits only weakly at low temperatures, but exhibits a marked fluorescence enhancement accompanied by a change in its emission colour when heated above its cloud point. Such drastic changes in the fluorescence and absorbance spectra are observed also upon injection of the anti-DEAC antibody, attributed to the specific binding of the antibody to DEAC moieties. Importantly, protein binding occurs exclusively when the polymer is in the well hydrated state below the cloud point, enabling a temperature control on the molecular recognition event. On the other hand, heating of the polymer-antibody complexes releases a fraction of the bound antibody. In the presence of the DEAC-functionalized monomer in this mixture, the released antibody competitively binds to the monomer and the antibody-free chains of the polymer undergo a more effective collapse and inter-aggregation. In contrast, the emission properties of the OEGMA-based analogous copolymer are rather insensitive to the thermally induced phase transition or to antibody binding. These opposite behaviours underline the need for a carefully tailored molecular design of responsive polymers aimed at specific applications, such as biosensing.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RullensLaschewskyDevillers2006,
  author    = {Rullens, F and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Devillers, M},
  title     = {Bulk and thin films of bismuth vanadates prepared from hybrid materials made from an organic polymer and inorganic salts},
  doi       = {10.1021/Cm051516q},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {A new precursor route for the preparation of bulk oxides and thin films of bismuth vanadates is proposed. The method involves the thermal treatment under air and mild conditions of hybrid organic-inorganic precursors, made from a zwitterionic salt-free polymer matrix and selected inorganic species. Monoclinic BiVO4 was obtained in the form of bulk oxide by calcination of the powdered homogeneous hybrid materials at 600 degrees C, from precursors containing Bi and V in stoichiometric amounts. In the same way, thermodiffractometry studies performed on a hybrid material exhibiting a Bi/ V molar ratio of 2 revealed that the ionic conductor gamma-Bi4V2O11 phase can be stabilized under very soft thermal conditions (300 degrees C). Additionally, thin films of yellow monoclinic BiVO4 were for the first time fabricated, by thermal treatment of the same hybrid polymeric precursors deposited on quartz substrates by spin coating, using a layer- by-layer technique. The presence of the target phase at the surface of the plates was confirmed by X-ray diffraction as well as UV-vis measurements},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DodooBalzerHugeletal.2013,
  author    = {Dodoo, Samuel and Balzer, Bizan N. and Hugel, Thorsten and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and von Klitzing, Regine},
  title     = {Effect of ionic strength and layer number on swelling of polyelectrolyte multilayers in water vapour},
  series = {Soft materials},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Soft materials},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis Group},
  address   = {Philadelphia},
  issn      = {1539-445X},
  doi       = {10.1080/1539445X.2011.607203},
  pages     = {157 -- 164},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {The swelling behavior of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) of poly(sodium-4 styrene sulfonate) (PSS) and poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) prepared from aqueous solution of 0.1 M and 0.5 M NaCl are investigated by ellipsometry and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). From 1 double-layer up to 4 double-layers of 0.1 M NaCl, the amount of swelling water in the PEMs decreases with increasing number of adsorbed double layers due to an increase in polyelectrolyte density as a result of the attraction between the positively charged outermost PDADMAC layer and the Si substrate. From 6 double layers to 30 double layers, the attraction is reduced due to a much larger distance between substrate and outermost layer leading to a much lower polyelectrolyte density and higher swelling water. In PEMs prepared from aqueous solution of 0.5 M NaCl, the amount of water constantly increases which is related to a monotonically decreasing polyelectrolyte density with increasing number of polyelectrolyte layers. Studies of the surface topology also indicate a transition from a more substrate affected interphase behavior to a continuum properties of the polyelectrolyte multilayers. The threshold for the transition from interphase to continuum behavior depends on the preparation conditions of the PEM.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WattebledLaschewskyMoussaetal.2006,
  author    = {Wattebled, Laurent and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Moussa, Alain and Habib-Jiwan, Jean-Louis},
  title     = {Aggregation numbers of cationic oligomeric surfactants : A time-resolved fluorescence quenching study},
  doi       = {10.1021/La052414h},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {The micelle aggregation numbers (N-agg) of several series of cationic oligomeric surfactants were determined by time-resolved fluorescence quenching (TRFQ) experiments, using advantageously 9,10-dimethylanthracene as fluorophore. The study comprises six dimeric ("gemini"), three trimeric, and two tetrameric surfactants, which are quaternary ammonium chlorides, with medium length spacer groups (C-3-C-6) separating the individual surfactant fragments. Two standard cationic surfactants served as references. The number of hydrophobic chains making up a micellar core is relatively low for the oligomeric surfactants, the spacer length playing an important role. For the dimers, the number decreases from 32 to 21 with increasing spacer length. These numbers decrease further with increasing degree of oligomerization down to values of about 15. As for many conventional ionic surfactants, the micelles of all oligomers studied grow only slightly with the concentration, and they remain in the regime of small micelles up to concentrations of at least 3 wt \%.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{StoesserHerrmannZehletal.2006,
  author    = {Stoesser, Reinhard and Herrmann, Werner and Zehl, Andreas and Strehmel, Veronika and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {ESR spin probes in ionic liquids},
  doi       = {10.1002/cphc.200500651},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {The spin probes 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO), 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPOL), and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-trimethylammoniumpiperidine-1-oxyllodide (CAT-1) are examined in a number of ionic liquids based on substituted imidazolium cations and tetrafluoroborate and hexafluorophosphate anions, respectively. The reorientation correlation times tau(R) of the spin probes in these systems have been determined by complete spectra simulation and, for rapid reortientation, by analysis of the intensities of the hyperfine lines of the electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra. A comparison of the results with those from the model system glycerol/water and selected organic solvents is made. Additions of diamagnetic and paramagnetic ions allow the conclusion that salt effects and spin exchange are present, and that both are superimposed by motional effects. Specific interactions in the ionic liquids, as well as between the spin-probe molecules and the constituents of the ionic liquids are reflected in the spectra of the spin probes, depending on their molecular structure},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LaschewskyKirstenSkrabaniaetal.2006,
  author    = {Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Kirsten, Juliane and Skrabania, Katja and Storsberg, Joachim},
  title     = {Designing functional macrosurfactants via triblock tercopolymers},
  issn      = {0065-7727},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FandrichFalkenhagenWeidneretal.2010,
  author    = {Fandrich, Nick and Falkenhagen, Jana and Weidner, Steffen M. and Pfeifer, Dietmar and Staal, Bastiaan and Thuenemann, Andreas F. and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Characterization of new amphiphilic block copolymers of N-vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate, 1-analysis of copolymer composition, end groups, molar masses and molar mass distributions},
  issn      = {1022-1352},
  doi       = {10.1002/macp.200900466},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {New amphiphilic block copolymers consisting of N-vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate were synthesized via controlled radical polymerization using a reversible addition/fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT)/macromolecular design via the interchange of xanthates (MADIX) system. The synthesis was carried out in 1,4-dioxane as process solvent. In order to get conclusions on the mechanism of the polymerization the molecular structure of formed copolymers was analysed by means of different analytical techniques. C-13 NMR spectroscopy was used for the determination of the monomer ratios. End groups were analysed by means of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. This technique was also used to determine possible fragmentations of the RAFT end groups. By means of a combination of size exclusion chromatography, C-13 NMR and static light scattering molar mass distributions and absolute molar masses could be analysed. The results clearly show a non-ideal RAFT mechanism.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FandrichFalkenhagenWeidneretal.2010,
  author    = {Fandrich, Nick and Falkenhagen, Jana and Weidner, Steffen M. and Staal, Bastiaan and Thuenemann, Andreas F. and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Characterization of new amphiphilic block copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate, 2-chromatographic separation and analysis by MALDI-TOF and FT-IR coupling},
  issn      = {1022-1352},
  doi       = {10.1002/macp.201000044},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {PVP-block-PVAc block copolymers were synthesized by controlled radical polymerization applying a RAFT/MADIX system and were investigated by HPLC and by coupling of chromatography to FT-IR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF MS. Chromatographic methods (LACCC and gradient techniques) were developed that allowed a separation of block copolymers according to their repeating units. The results of the spectroscopic and spectrometric analysis clearly showed transfer between radicals and process solvent. With the use of hyphenated techniques differences between main and side products were detected. In agreement with previously published results, obtained by NMR, SEC, static light scattering and MALDI- TOF MS, our data proved a non-ideal RAFT polymerization.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GlatzelBadiPaechetal.2010,
  author    = {Glatzel, Stefan and Badi, Nezha and Paech, Michael and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Lutz, Jean-Francois},
  title     = {Well-defined synthetic polymers with a protein-like gelation behavior in water},
  issn      = {1359-7345},
  doi       = {10.1039/C0cc00038h},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Homopolymers of N-acryloyl glycinamide were prepared by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization in water. The formed macromolecules exhibit strong polymer-polymer interactions in aqueous milieu and therefore form thermoreversible physical hydrogels in pure water, physiological buffer or cell medium.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WischerhoffGlatzelUhligetal.2009,
  author    = {Wischerhoff, Erik and Glatzel, Stefan and Uhlig, Katja and Lankenau, Andreas and Lutz, Jean-Francois and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Tuning the thickness of polymer brushes grafted from nonlinearly growing multilayer assemblies},
  issn      = {0743-7463},
  doi       = {10.1021/La804197j},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {A new versatile method for tuning the thickness of surface-tethered polymer brushes is introduced. It is based on the combination of polyelectrolyte multilayer deposition and surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. To control the thickness of the brushes, the nonlinear growth of certain polyelectrolyte multilayer systems is exploited. The method is demonstrated to work with different polyelectrolytes and different monomers. The relevance for applications is demonstrated by cell adhesion experiments oil grafted thermoresponsive polymer layers with varying thickness.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SkrabaniaLaschewskyvonBerlepschetal.2009,
  author    = {Skrabania, Katja and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and von Berlepsch, Hans and Boettcher, Christoph},
  title     = {Synthesis and micellar self-assembly of ternary hydrophilic-lipophilic-fluorophilic block copolymers with a linear PEO chain},
  issn      = {0743-7463},
  doi       = {10.1021/La900253j},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {Linear amphiphilic diblock and ternary triblock copolymers were synthesized by the RAFT method in two successive steps using a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) macrochain transfer agent, butyl or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate. The diblock and the triblock copolymers, which consist of a hydrophilic, a lipophilic, and a short fluorophilic block, self-assemble in water into spherical micellar aggregates. Imaging by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) revealed that the micellar cores of the aggregates made from these "triphilic" copolymers can undergo local phase separation to form a unique ultrastructure. In these multicompartment micelles, it appears that extended nonspherical domains, presumably made of nanocrystallites of the fluorocarbon block, are embedded in the hydrocarbon matrix forming the spherical micellar core. This novel internal structure of a micellar core is attributed to the mutual incompatibility of the fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon side chains in combination with the tendency of the used fluorocarbon acrylate monomer to undergo side-chain crystallization.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{vonBerlepschBoettcherSkrabaniaetal.2009,
  author    = {von Berlepsch, Hans and Boettcher, Christoph and Skrabania, Katja and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Complex domain architecture of multicompartment micelles from a linear ABC triblock copolymer revealed by cryogenic electron tomography},
  issn      = {1359-7345},
  doi       = {10.1039/B903658j},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {Cryo-electron tomography of raspberry-like multicompartment micelles formed by a linear ABC triblock copolymer in water revealed that the fluorocarbon domains may be dispersed all over the hydrocarbon core.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KleinpeterMarsatHeydenreichetal.2011,
  author    = {Kleinpeter, Erich and Marsat, Jean-No{\"e}l and Heydenreich, Matthias and von Berlepsch, Hans and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Self-Assembly into Multicompartment Micelles and Selective Solubilization by Hydrophilic-Lipophilic- Fluorophilic Block Copolymers},
  issn      = {0024-9297},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KoehlerDoenchOttetal.2009,
  author    = {K{\"o}hler, Ralf and Doench, Ingo and Ott, Patrick and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Fery, Andreas and Krastev, Rumen},
  title     = {Neutron reflectometry study of swelling of polyelectrolyte multilayers in water vapors : influence of charge density of the polycation},
  issn      = {0743-7463},
  doi       = {10.1021/La901508w},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {We studied the swelling of polyelectrolyte (PE) multilayers (PEM) in water (H2O) vapors. The PEM were made from polyanion poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) and polycation poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)-N-methyl-N-vinylacetamide (pDADMAC-NMVA). While PSS is a fully charged polyanion, pDADMAC-NMVA is a random copolymer made of charged pDADMAC and uncharged NMVA monomer units. Variation of the relative amount of these two units allows for controlling the charge density of pDADMAC-NMVA. The degree of swelling was studied as it function of the relative humidity in the experimental chamber (respectively water concentration in the gas phase) for PEM prepared from PSS and pDADMAC-NMVA with their different charge densities - 100\%, 89\% and 75\%. The films were prepared by means of spraying technique and consisted of six PE couples-PSS/pDADMAC-NMVA. Neutron reflectometry was applied as main tool to observe the swelling process. The technique allows to obtain in a single experiment information about film thickness and amount of water in the film. The experiments were complemented with AFM measurements to obtain the thickness of the films. It was found that the Film thickness increases when the charge density of the polycation decreases. The swelling of the PEM increases with the relative humidity and it depends on the charge density of pDADMAC-NMVA. The swelling behavior is 2-fold, splitting up in a charge dependent mode with relatively little volume increase, and a second mode With high volume expansion, which is independent from charge density of PEM. The "swelling transition" occurs for all samples at a relative humidity about 60\% and a volume increase of ca. 20\%. The results were interpreted according to the Flory-Huggins theory which assumes a phase separation in PEM network at higher water contents.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MarsatStahlhutLaschewskyetal.2013,
  author    = {Marsat, Jean-Noel and Stahlhut, Frank and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and von Berlepsch, Hans and B{\"o}ttcher, Christoph},
  title     = {Multicompartment micelles from silicone-based triphilic block copolymers},
  series = {Colloid and polymer science : official journal of the Kolloid-Gesellschaft},
  volume    = {291},
  journal   = {Colloid and polymer science : official journal of the Kolloid-Gesellschaft},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {0303-402X},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00396-013-3001-2},
  pages     = {2561 -- 2567},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {An amphiphilic linear ternary block copolymer was synthesised in three consecutive steps via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerisation. Oligo(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether acrylate was engaged as a hydrophilic building block, while benzyl acrylate and 3-tris(trimethylsiloxy)silyl propyl acrylate served as hydrophobic building blocks. The resulting "triphilic" copolymer consists thus of a hydrophilic (A) and two mutually incompatible "soft" hydrophobic blocks, namely, a lipophilic (B) and a silicone-based (C) block, with all blocks having glass transition temperatures well below 0 A degrees C. The triphilic copolymer self-assembles into spherical multicompartment micellar aggregates in aqueous solution, where the two hydrophobic blocks undergo local phase separation into various ultrastructures as evidenced by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. Thus, a silicone-based polymer block can replace the hitherto typically employed fluorocarbon-based hydrophobic blocks in triphilic block copolymers for inducing multicompartmentalisation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{StrehmelKraudeltWetzeletal.2004,
  author    = {Strehmel, Veronika and Kraudelt, Heide and Wetzel, Hendrik and G{\"o}rnitz, Eckhard and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Free radical polymerization of methacrylates in ionic liquids},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{InalKoelschSelrieetal.2013,
  author    = {Inal, Sahika and K{\"o}lsch, Jonas D. and Selrie, Frank and Schenk, J{\"o}rg A. and Wischerhoff, Erik and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Neher, Dieter},
  title     = {A water soluble fluorescent polymer as a dual colour sensor for temperature and a specific protein},
  doi       = {10.1039/c3tb21245a},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {We present two thermoresponsive water soluble copolymers prepared via free radical statistical copolymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm) and of oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylates (OEGMAs), respectively, with a solvatochromic 7-(diethylamino)-3-carboxy-coumarin (DEAC)-functionalized monomer. In aqueous solutions, the NIPAm-based copolymer exhibits characteristic changes in its fluorescence profile in response to a change in solution temperature as well as to the presence of a specific protein, namely an anti-DEAC antibody. This polymer emits only weakly at low temperatures, but exhibits a marked fluorescence enhancement accompanied by a change in its emission colour when heated above its cloud point. Such drastic changes in the fluorescence and absorbance spectra are observed also upon injection of the anti-DEAC antibody, attributed to the specific binding of the antibody to DEAC moieties. Importantly, protein binding occurs exclusively when the polymer is in the well hydrated state below the cloud point, enabling a temperature control on the molecular recognition event. On the other hand, heating of the polymer-antibody complexes releases a fraction of the bound antibody. In the presence of the DEAC-functionalized monomer in this mixture, the released antibody competitively binds to the monomer and the antibody-free chains of the polymer undergo a more effective collapse and inter-aggregation. In contrast, the emission properties of the OEGMA-based analogous copolymer are rather insensitive to the thermally induced phase transition or to antibody binding. These opposite behaviours underline the need for a carefully tailored molecular design of responsive polymers aimed at specific applications, such as biosensing.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MiasnikovaBenitezMontoyaLaschewsky2013,
  author    = {Miasnikova, Anna and Benitez-Montoya, Carlos Adrian and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Counterintuitive photomodulation of the thermal phase transition of poly(methoxy diethylene glycol acrylate) in aqueous solution by trans-cis isomerization of Copolymerized Azobenzenes},
  series = {Macromolecular chemistry and physics},
  volume    = {214},
  journal   = {Macromolecular chemistry and physics},
  number    = {13},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1022-1352},
  doi       = {10.1002/macp.201300203},
  pages     = {1504 -- 1514},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {The non-ionic monomer (methoxy diethylene glycol) acrylate is copolymerized with its azodye-functionalized acrylate analogue using reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Copolymerization is increasingly difficult with increasing amounts of the azo-dye-bearing monomer. The resulting water-soluble polymers are thermosensitive, exhibiting lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior, which can be modulated by the photoinduced trans-cis isomerization of the dye. While already small contents of the hydrophobic azobenzene group reduce the phase-transition temperatures of the copolymers strongly, photoisomerization of the apolar trans-state to the more-polar cis-state has only a small effect, and decreases rather than increases the cloud points.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WischerhoffBadiLutzetal.2010,
  author    = {Wischerhoff, Erik and Badi, Nezha and Lutz, Jean-Francois and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Smart bioactive surfaces},
  issn      = {1744-683X},
  doi       = {10.1039/B913594d},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {The purpose of this highlight is to define the emerging field of bioactive surfaces. In recent years, various types of synthetic materials capable of "communicating'' with biological objects such as nucleic acids, proteins, polysaccharides, viruses, bacteria or living cells have been described in the literature. This novel area of research certainly goes beyond the traditional field of smart materials and includes different types of sophisticated interactions with biological entities, such as reversible adhesion, conformational control, biologically-triggered release and selective permeation. These novel materials may be 2D planar surfaces as well as colloidal objects or 3D scaffolds. Overall, they show great promise for numerous applications in biosciences and biotechnology. For instance, practical applications of bioactive surfaces in the fields of bioseparation, cell engineering, biochips and stem-cell differentiation are briefly discussed herein.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HarmsRaetzkeFaupeletal.2010,
  author    = {Harms, Stephan and Raetzke, Klaus and Faupel, Franz and Egger, Werner and Ravello, Lori Boyd de and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Wang, Weinan and M{\"u}ller-Buschbaum, Peter},
  title     = {Free volume and swelling in thin films of poly(n-isopropylacrylamide) end-capped with n-butyltrithiocarbonate},
  issn      = {1022-1336},
  doi       = {10.1002/marc.201000067},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {The free volume in thin films of poly(N-isopropylacrylamid) end-capped with n-butyltrio-carbonate (nbc-PNIPAM) is probed with positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). The PALS measurements are performed as function of energy to obtain depth profiles of the free volume of nbc-PNIPAM films. The range of nbc-PNIPAM films with thicknesses from 40 to 200 nm is focused. With decreasing film thickness the free volume increases in good agreement with an increase in the maximum swelling capability of the nbc-PNIPAM films. Thus in thin hydrogel films the sorption and swelling behavior is governed by free volume.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HildebrandLaschewskyZehm2014,
  author    = {Hildebrand, Viet and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Zehm, Daniel},
  title     = {On the hydrophilicity of polyzwitterion poly (N, N-dimethyl-N(3-(methacrylamido)propyl)ammoniopropane sulfonate) in water, deuterated water, and aqueous salt solutions},
  series = {Journal of biomaterials science : Polymer edition},
  volume    = {25},
  journal   = {Journal of biomaterials science : Polymer edition},
  number    = {14-15},
  publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group},
  address   = {Abingdon},
  issn      = {0920-5063},
  doi       = {10.1080/09205063.2014.939918},
  pages     = {1602 -- 1618},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Laschewsky2012,
  author    = {Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Recent trends in the synthesis of polyelectrolytes},
  series = {Current opinion in colloid \& interface science : current chemistry},
  volume    = {17},
  journal   = {Current opinion in colloid \& interface science : current chemistry},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1359-0294},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.cocis.2011.08.001},
  pages     = {56 -- 63},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Recent developments in the synthesis of polyelectrolytes are highlighted, with respect to the nature of the ionic groups, the polymer backbones, synthetic methods, and additional functionality given to the polyelectrolytes. In fact, the synthesis of new polyelectrolytes is mostly driven by material aspects, currently. The article pays particular attention to strong polyelectrolytes, and the new methods of controlled polymerization. These methods and the so-called click reactions have enabled novel designs of polyelectrolytes. Nevertheless, the polymerization of unprotected ionic monomers is still challenging and limits the synthetic possibilities. The structural aspects are complemented by considerations with respect to the aspired uses of the new polyelectrolytes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MicciullaDodooChevignyetal.2014,
  author    = {Micciulla, Samantha and Dodoo, Samuel and Chevigny, Chloe and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and von Klitzing, Regine},
  title     = {Short versus long chain polyelectrolyte multilayers: a direct comparison of self-assembly and structural properties},
  series = {Physical chemistry, chemical physics : a journal of European Chemical Societies},
  volume    = {16},
  journal   = {Physical chemistry, chemical physics : a journal of European Chemical Societies},
  number    = {40},
  publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {1463-9076},
  doi       = {10.1039/c4cp03439b},
  pages     = {21988 -- 21998},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Successful layer-by-layer (LbL) growth of short chain (similar to 30 repeat units per chain) poly(sodium styrene sulfonate) (PSS)-poly(diallyl dimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) multilayers is presented for the first time and compared with the growth of equivalent long chain polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs). A detailed study performed by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) is carried out and three main processes are identified: (i) initial mass uptake, (ii) adsorption desorption during layer equilibration and (iii) desorption during rinsing. In contrast to the high stability and strong layer increment of high molecular weight (HMW) PEMs, layer degradation characterizes low molecular weight (LMW) multilayers. In particular, two different instability phenomena are observed: a constant decrease of sensed mass during equilibration after PDADMAC adsorption, and a strong mass toss by salt-free rinsing after PSS adsorption. Yet, an increase of salt concentration leads to much stronger layer growth. First, when the rinsing medium is changed from pure water to 0.1 M NaCl, the mass loss during rinsing is reduced, irrespective of molecular weight. Second, an increase in salt concentration in the LMW PE solutions causes a larger increment during the initial adsorption step, with no effect on the rinsing. Finally, the mechanical properties of the two systems are extracted from the measured frequency and dissipation shifts, as they offer a deeper insight into the multilayer structures depending on chain length and outermost layer. The paper enriches the field of PE assembly by presenting the use of very short PE chains to form multilayers and elucidates the role of preparation conditions to overcome the limitation of layer stability.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{CommingesFrascaSuetterlinetal.2014,
  author    = {Comminges, Clement and Frasca, Stefano and Suetterlin, Martin and Wischerhoff, Erik and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Wollenberger, Ursula},
  title     = {Surface modification with thermoresponsive polymer brushes for a switchable electrochemical sensor},
  series = {RSC Advances},
  volume    = {4},
  journal   = {RSC Advances},
  number    = {81},
  publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {2046-2069},
  doi       = {10.1039/c4ra07190e},
  pages     = {43092 -- 43097},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Elaboration of switchable surfaces represents an interesting way for the development of a new generation of electrochemical sensors. In this paper, a method for growing thermoresponsive polymer brushes from a gold surface pre-modified with polyethyleneimine (PEI), subsequent layer-by-layer polyelectrolyte assembly and adsorption of a charged macroinitiator is described. We propose an easy method for monitoring the coil-to-globule phase transition of the polymer brush using an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (E-QCM-D). The surface of these polymer modified electrodes shows reversible switching from the swollen to the collapsed state with temperature. As demonstrated from E-QCM-D measurements using an original signal processing method, the switch is operating in three reversible steps related to different interfacial viscosities. Moreover, it is shown that the one electron oxidation of ferrocene carboxylic acid is dramatically affected by the change from the swollen to the collapsed state of the polymer brush, showing a spectacular 86\% decrease of the charge transfer resistance between the two states.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KopecNiemiecLaschewskyetal.2014,
  author    = {Kopec, Maciej and Niemiec, Wiktor and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Nowakowska, Maria and Zapotoczny, Szczepan},
  title     = {Photoinduced energy and electron transfer in micellar multilayer films},
  series = {The journal of physical chemistry : C, Nanomaterials and interfaces},
  volume    = {118},
  journal   = {The journal of physical chemistry : C, Nanomaterials and interfaces},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {American Chemical Society},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {1932-7447},
  doi       = {10.1021/jp410808z},
  pages     = {2215 -- 2221},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Micellar multilayer films were prepared from an amphiphilic comb-like polycation ("polysoap") and the polyanion poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) using alternate polyelectrolyte layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly. Linear growth of the film thickness was evidenced by UV-vis spectroscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry. Imaging by atomic force microscopy (AFM) indicated that the micellar conformation adopted by the polycation in solutions was preserved in the films. Thus, hydrophobic photoactive molecules, which were solubilized by the hydrophobic nanodomains of the micellar polymer prior to deposition, could be transferred into the films. Photoinduced energy transfer was observed in the nanostructured multilayers between naphthalene (donor) and perylene (acceptor) molecules embedded inside the polymer micelles. The efficiency of the energy transfer process can be controlled to some extent by introducing spacer layers between the layers containing the donor or acceptor, revealing partial stratification of the micellar LbL films. Also, photoinduced electron transfer was evidenced between perylene (donor) and butyl viologen (acceptor) molecules embedded inside the multilayers by steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy. The obtained photoactive nanostructures are promising candidates for solar-to-chemical energy conversion systems.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WeissLaschewsky2012,
  author    = {Weiss, Jan and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {One-step synthesis of amphiphilic, double thermoresponsive diblock copolymers},
  series = {Macromolecules : a publication of the American Chemical Society},
  volume    = {45},
  journal   = {Macromolecules : a publication of the American Chemical Society},
  number    = {10},
  publisher = {American Chemical Society},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0024-9297},
  doi       = {10.1021/ma300285y},
  pages     = {4158 -- 4165},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {The copolymerization of an excess of a functionalized styrene monomer, 4-vinylbenzyl methoxytetrakis(oxyethylene) ether, with various N-substituted maleimides yields tapered diblock copolymers in a one-step procedure, when applying reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) methods, such as ATRP and RAFT. The particular chemical structure of the diblock copolymers prepared results in reversible temperature-responsive two-step aggregation behavior in dilute aqueous solution. In this way, a double hydrophilic block copolymer is transformed step by step into an amphiphilic macrosurfactant, and finally into a double hydrophobic copolymer, as followed by turbidimetry and dynamic light scattering. Copolymers in which the maleimide repeat units bear short hydrophobic side chains are freely water-soluble at low temperature and form micellar aggregates above their cloud point. Further heating above the phase transition temperature of the second block results in secondary aggregation. Copolymers with maleimides that bear strongly hydrophobic substituents undergo two thermally induced aggregation steps upon heating, too, but show in addition intramolecular hydrophobic association in water already at low temperatures, similar to the behavior of polysoaps.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KristenHochreinLaschewskyMilleretal.2011,
  author    = {Kristen-Hochrein, Nora and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Miller, Reinhard and von Klitzing, Regine},
  title     = {Stability of foam Films of oppositely charged polyelectrolyte/surfactant mixtures - effect of isoelectric point},
  series = {The journal of physical chemistry : B, Condensed matter, materials, surfaces, interfaces \& biophysical chemistry},
  volume    = {115},
  journal   = {The journal of physical chemistry : B, Condensed matter, materials, surfaces, interfaces \& biophysical chemistry},
  number    = {49},
  publisher = {American Chemical Society},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {1520-6106},
  doi       = {10.1021/jp206964k},
  pages     = {14475 -- 14483},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {In the present paper, the influence of the surfactant concentration and the degree of charge of a polymer on foam film properties of oppositely charged polyelectrolyte/surfactant mixtures has been investigated. To verify the assumption that the position of the isoelectric point (IEP) does not change the character of the foam film stabilities, the position of the IEP of the polyelectrolyte/surfactant mixtures has been shifted in two different ways. Within the first series of experiments, the foam. film properties were studied using a fixed surfactant concentration of 3 x 10(-5) M in the mixture. Due to the low surfactant concentration, this is a rather dilute system. In the second approach, a copolymer of nonionic and ionic monomer units was Used to lower the charge density of the polymer. This gave rise to additional interactions between the polyelectrolyte and the surfactant, which makes the description of the foam film behavior more complex. In both systems, the same characteristics of the foam film stabilities were found: The foam film stability is reduced toward the IEP of the system, followed by a destabilization around the IEP., At polyelectrolyte concentrations above the IEP, foam films are very stable. However, the concentration range where unstable films were formed was rather broad, and the mechanisms leading to the destabilization had different origins. The results were compared with former findings on PAMPS/C(14)TAB mixtures with an IEP of 10(-4)M.(1)},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZehmLaschewskyLiangetal.2011,
  author    = {Zehm, Daniel and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Liang, Hua and Rabe, J{\"u}rgen P.},
  title     = {Straightforward access to amphiphilic dual bottle brushes by combining RAFT, ATRP, and NMP polymerization in one sequence},
  series = {Macromolecules : a publication of the American Chemical Society},
  volume    = {44},
  journal   = {Macromolecules : a publication of the American Chemical Society},
  number    = {24},
  publisher = {American Chemical Society},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0024-9297},
  doi       = {10.1021/ma2015613},
  pages     = {9635 -- 9641},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {Molecular brush diblock copolymers were synthesized by the orthogonal overlay of the RAFT (reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer), the ATRP (atom transfer radical polymerization), and the NMP (nitroxide-mediated polymerization) techniques. This unique combination enabled the synthesis of the complex amphiphilic polymers without the need of postpolymerization modifications, using a diblock copolymer intermediate made from two selectively addressable inimers and applying a sequence of four controlled free radical polymerization steps in total. The resulting polymers are composed of a thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) brush as hydrophilic block and a polystyrene brush as hydrophobic block, thus translating the structure of the established amphiphilic diblock copolymers known as macro surfactants to the higher size level of "giant surfactants". The dual molecular brushes and the aggregates formed on ultra flat solid substrates were visualized by scanning force microscopy (SFM).},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HeydariBullerWischerhoffetal.2014,
  author    = {Heydari, Esmaeil and Buller, Jens and Wischerhoff, Erik and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and D{\"o}ring, Sebastian and Stumpe, Joachim},
  title     = {Label-Free biosensor based on an all-polymer DFB laser},
  series = {Advanced optical materials},
  volume    = {2},
  journal   = {Advanced optical materials},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {2195-1071},
  doi       = {10.1002/adom.201300454},
  pages     = {137 -- 141},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{CouturierSuetterlinLaschewskyetal.2015,
  author    = {Couturier, Jean-Philippe and S{\"u}tterlin, Martin and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Hettrich, Cornelia and Wischerhoff, Erik},
  title     = {Responsive Inverse Opal Hydrogels for the Sensing of Macromolecules},
  series = {Angewandte Chemie : a journal of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker ; International edition},
  volume    = {54},
  journal   = {Angewandte Chemie : a journal of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker ; International edition},
  number    = {22},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1433-7851},
  doi       = {10.1002/anie.201500674},
  pages     = {6641 -- 6644},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {Dual responsive inverse opal hydrogels were designed as autonomous sensor systems for (bio)macromolecules, exploiting the analyte-induced modulation of the opal's structural color. The systems that are based on oligo(ethylene glycol) macromonomers additionally incorporate comonomers with various recognition units. They combine a coil-to-globule collapse transition of the LCST type with sensitivity of the transition temperature toward molecular recognition processes. This enables the specific detection of macromolecular analytes, such as glycopolymers and proteins, by simple optical methods. While the inverse opal structure assists the effective diffusion even of large analytes into the photonic crystal, the stimulus responsiveness gives rise to strong shifts of the optical Bragg peak of more than 100nm upon analyte binding at a given temperature. The systems' design provides a versatile platform for the development of easy-to-use, fast, and low-cost sensors for pathogens.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FandrichBullerSchaeferetal.2015,
  author    = {Fandrich, Artur and Buller, Jens and Sch{\"a}fer, Daniel and Wischerhoff, Erik and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Lisdat, Fred},
  title     = {Electrochemical characterization of a responsive macromolecular interface on gold},
  series = {Physica status solidi : A, Applications and materials science},
  volume    = {212},
  journal   = {Physica status solidi : A, Applications and materials science},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1862-6300},
  doi       = {10.1002/pssa.201431698},
  pages     = {1359 -- 1367},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {This study reports on the investigation of a thermoresponsive polymer as a thin film on electrodes and the influence of coupling a peptide and an antibody to the film. The utilized polymer from the class of poly(oligoethylene glycol)-methacrylate polymers (poly(OEGMA)) with carboxy functions containing side chains was synthesized and properly characterized in aqueous solutions. The dependence of the cloud point on the pH of the surrounding media is discussed. The responsive polymer was immobilized on gold electrodes as shown by electrochemical, quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. The temperature dependent behavior of the polymer covalently grafted to gold substrates is investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) in ferro-/ferricyanide solution. Significant changes in the slope of the temperature-dependence of the voltammetric peak current and the peak separation values clearly indicate the thermally induced conformational change on the surface. Finally, a biorecognition reaction between a short FLAG peptide (N-Asp-Tyr-Lys-Asp-Asp-Asp-Asp-Lys-C) covalently immobilized on the polymer interface and the corresponding IgG antibody was performed. The study shows that the responsiveness of the electrode is retained after peptide coupling and antibody binding, although the response is diminished.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{deMolinaIhlefeldtPrevostetal.2015,
  author    = {de Molina, Paula Malo and Ihlefeldt, Franziska Stefanie and Prevost, Sylvain and Herfurth, Christoph and Appavou, Marie-Sousai and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Gradzielski, Michael},
  title     = {Phase Behavior of Nonionic Microemulsions with Multi-end-capped Polymers and Its Relation to the Mesoscopic Structure},
  series = {Langmuir},
  volume    = {31},
  journal   = {Langmuir},
  number    = {18},
  publisher = {American Chemical Society},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0743-7463},
  doi       = {10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00817},
  pages     = {5198 -- 5209},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {The polymer architecture of telechelic or associative polymers has a large impact on the bridging of self-assembled structures. This Work presents: the phase behavior, small angle neutron scattering (SANS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) of a nonionic oil-in-water (O/W) microemulsion with hydrophobically end-capped multiarm polymers With functionalities f = 2, 3, and 4. For high polymer concentrations and large average interdroplet distance relative to the end-to-end distance of the polymer, d/R-ee; the system phase separates into a dense, highly connected droplet network phase, in equilibrium with a dilute phase. The extent of the two-phase region is larger for polymers With similar length but higher f. The Interaction potential between the droplets in the presence of polymer has both a repulsive and an attractive contribution as a result of the counterbalancing effects of the exclusion by polymer chains and bridging between droplets. This study experimentally demonstrates that higher polymer functionalities induce a stronger attractive force between droplets, which is responsible for a more extended phase separation region., and correlate with lower Collective droplet diffusivities and higher amplitude of the second relaxation time in DLS. The viscosity and the droplet self-diffusion obtained from FCS, however, are dominated by the end-capped chain concentration.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{deMolinaHerfurthLaschewskyetal.2012,
  author    = {de Molina, Paula Malo and Herfurth, Christoph and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Gradzielski, Michael},
  title     = {Structure and dynamics of networks in mixtures of hydrophobically modified telechelic multiarm polymers and oil in water microemulsions},
  series = {Langmuir},
  volume    = {28},
  journal   = {Langmuir},
  number    = {45},
  publisher = {American Chemical Society},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0743-7463},
  doi       = {10.1021/la303673a},
  pages     = {15994 -- 16006},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {The structural and dynamical properties of oil-in-water (O/W) microemulsions (MEs) modified with telechelic polymers of different functionality (e.g., number of hydrophobically modified arms, f) were studied by means of dynamic light scattering (DLS), small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), and high frequency rheology measurements as a function of the polymer architecture and the amount of added polymer. For this purpose, we employed tailor-made hydrophobically end-capped poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) star polymers of a variable number of endcaps, f, of different alkyl chain lengths, synthesized by the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer method. The addition of the different end-capped polymers to an uncharged ME of O/W droplets leads to a large enhancement of the viscosity of the systems. SANS experiments show that the O/W ME droplets are not changed upon the addition of the polymer, and its presence only changes the interdroplet interactions. The viscosity increases largely upon addition of a polymer, and this enhancement depends pronouncedly on the alkyl length of the hydrophobic sticker as it controls the residence time in a ME droplet. Similarly, the high frequency modulus G(0) depends on the amount of added polymer but not on the sticker length. G(0) was found to be directly proportional to f - 1. The onset of network formation is shifted to a lower number of stickers per ME droplet with increasing f, and the network formation becomes more effective. Thus, the dynamics of network formation are controlled by the polymer architecture. The effect on the dynamics seen by DLS is even more pronounced. Upon increasing the polymer concentration, slower relaxation modes appear that become especially pronounced with increasing number of arms. The relaxation dynamics are correlated to the rheological relaxation, and both are controlled by the polymer architecture.},
  language  = {en}
}