@article{Kroll2013,
  author    = {Kroll, Alexander},
  title     = {The other type of performance information - nonroutine feedback, its relevance and use},
  series = {Public administration review},
  volume    = {73},
  journal   = {Public administration review},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  address   = {Hoboken},
  issn      = {0033-3352},
  doi       = {10.1111/j.1540-6210.2012.02648.x},
  pages     = {265 -- 276},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {The literature on performance information use explains how public managers deal with mainly quantitative data that are systematically collected and formally reported. This article argues that such a narrow understanding is incomplete, as it excludes all kinds of nonroutine performance information, including verbal, ad hoc, and qualitative feedback. To understand how responsive public managers are to performance feedback, alternative sources of performance information need to be taken into account. A literature review suggests considering two important sources of nonroutine feedback: organizational insiders and relevant external stakeholders. Using survey data from German local government, this article shows that public managers prefer to use nonroutine feedback over routine data from performance reports. Furthermore, a regression analysis indicates that different sources of performance information require different determinants to trigger their use. This finding is essential because it suggests that explanations of performance information use can covary with the information source studied.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{KrollVogel2013,
  author    = {Kroll, Alexander and Vogel, Dominik},
  title     = {The PSM-leadership fit},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {77},
  issn      = {1867-5808},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-100853},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {This article examines the use of performance information by public managers. It conceptualizes purposeful data use as a type of extra-role behaviour which requires additional effort on the part of the managers and which is not extrinsically rewarded. The article sheds light on one potential antecedent of performance information use - the motivation of the users. It argues that we can observe high levels of data use if managers driven by public service motivation (PSM) work under transformational leaders. Using a needs-supply perspective on supervisors and followers we suggest that there is a PSM-leadership fit which fosters the performance of this extra-role behaviour. The article is based on data from German local government and its findings contribute to the literatures on PSM as well as on performance management.},
  language  = {en}
}