@article{EmmerlingOrgzallRecketal.2006, author = {Emmerling, Franziska and Orgzall, Ingo and Reck, G{\"u}nter and Schulz, Burkhard W. and Stockhause, Sabine and Schulz, Burkhard}, title = {Structures of substituted di-aryl-1, 3,4-oxadiazole derivatives: 2,5-bis(pyridyl)- and 2,5-bis(aminophenyl)-substitution}, series = {Journal of molecular structure}, volume = {800}, journal = {Journal of molecular structure}, number = {1-3}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0022-2860}, doi = {10.1016/j.molstruc.2006.03.076}, pages = {74 -- 84}, year = {2006}, abstract = {Crystal structures of four different di-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazole compounds (aryl = 2-pyridyl-, 3-pyridyl-, 2-aminophenyl-, 3-aminophenyl-) are determined. Crystallization of di(2-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole yielded monoclinic and triclinic polymorphs. The structures are characterized by the occurrence of pi-pi interactions. Additionally, in case of the aminophenyl compounds intra- as well as intermolecular hydrogen bonds are found that influence the packing motif as well. Since these molecules are often used as ligands in metal-organic complexes similarities and differences of the molecular conformation between the molecules in the pure crystals and that of the ligands in the complexes are discussed. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{DiezTauerSchulz2006, author = {Diez, Isabel and Tauer, Klaus and Schulz, Burkhard}, title = {Unusual polymer dispersions-polypyrrole suspensions made of rings, frames, and platelets}, series = {Colloid and polymer science : official journal of the Kolloid-Gesellschaft}, volume = {284}, journal = {Colloid and polymer science : official journal of the Kolloid-Gesellschaft}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {0303-402X}, doi = {10.1007/s00396-006-1521-8}, pages = {1431 -- 1442}, year = {2006}, abstract = {Experimental results show that the polymerization of pyrrole in the presence of beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid and different fluorosurfactants like perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, perfluorooctyldiethanolamide, and ammonium perfluorooctanoate leads to polypyrrole with special morphologies, such as rings or disks and rectangular frames or plates. The formation of these unusually shaped particles of polymer dispersions is explained by the chemical and colloidal peculiarities of the oxidative pyrrole polymerization with ammonium peroxodisulfate in aqueous medium.}, language = {en} } @article{MikatFrancoRegensteinetal.2000, author = {Mikat, J{\"u}rgen E. R. and Franco, Olga and Regenstein, Wolfgang and Reck, G{\"u}nter and Knochenhauer, Gerald and Schulz, Burkhard and Orgzall, Ingo}, title = {1,3,4-oxadiazole crystals under high pressure-phase transitions and properties}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{FrancoOrgzallRegensteinetal.2006, author = {Franco, Olga and Orgzall, Ingo and Regenstein, Wolfgang and Schulz, Burkhard}, title = {Structural and spectroscopical study of a 2,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole polymorph under compression}, issn = {0953-8984}, doi = {10.1088/0953-8984/18/4/029}, year = {2006}, abstract = {The x-ray pattern and the Raman and luminescence spectra of crystalline 2,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole in one of its polymorphic forms (DPO II) have been investigated under pressure up to 5 GPa. The behaviour of the lattice parameters under compression was determined and it was found that the Murnaghan equation of state provides a good description of the volume-pressure relationship of DPO II. The values for the bulk modulus and its pressure derivative are K-0 = 8.6 GPa and K-0' = 7.2. The analysis of the Raman spectrum under compression clearly shows the pressure- induced shift of the Raman modes to higher frequencies. The mode Gruneisen parameters for the lattice modes were determined. Additionally, it was found that the emission spectrum of DPO II moves to lower energies and that the luminescence intensity decreases when pressure is applied}, language = {en} } @article{SchulzOrgzallDiezetal.2010, author = {Schulz, Burkhard and Orgzall, Ingo and Diez, Isabel and Dietzel, Birgit and Tauer, Klaus}, title = {Template mediated formation of shaped polypyrrole particles}, issn = {0927-7757}, doi = {10.1016/j.colsurfa.2009.11.034}, year = {2010}, abstract = {The formation of different micro- and nanostructures during the chemical synthesis of polypyrrole is reviewed shortly based on the conceptions of hard- and soft-templating models. Contrary to other models that emphasize the role of micelles it is found here that during the oxidative polymerization of pyrole using sulfonic acid dopants a crystalline hard template is found in the first steps of the reaction before the addition of the oxidant. This template is formed by a complex consisting of 2,5-bis(pyrrole-2-yl)pyrrolidine and the sulfonic acid anion. The acid catalyzed formation of this specific tripyrrole is discussed. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{SavaBrumaSchulzetal.2005, author = {Sava, Ion and Bruma, Maria and Schulz, Burkhard and K{\"o}pnick, Thomas}, title = {Comparison of properties of silicon-containing poly(amide-imide)s}, issn = {0954-0083}, year = {2005}, abstract = {New silicon-containing poly(amide-imide)s have been synthesized by direct polycondensation of various aromatic diamines with a dicarboxylic acid containing the dimethylsilylene group and preformed in-tide cycles. These polymers are easily soluble in polar amidic solvents such as N-methylpyrrolidinone (NMP) or dimethylformamide (DMF) and can be cast into thin flexible films or coatings from such solutions. They show high thermal stability, with initial decomposition temperature being above 400 C and glass transition temperature in the range of 220-270 degrees C. Very thin polymer films deposited by spincoating technique onto silicon wafers showed a smooth, pinhole-free surface in atomic force microscopy investigations}, language = {en} } @article{FrancoOrgzallRecketal.2005, author = {Franco, Olga and Orgzall, Ingo and Reck, G{\"u}nter and Stockhause, Sabine and Schulz, Burkhard}, title = {Structure and high-pressure behavior of 2,5-di-(4-aminophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole}, issn = {0022-3697}, year = {2005}, abstract = {The crystalline structures of two modifications of a compound containing the oxadiazole ring, 2,5-di-(4- aminophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (DAPO) were determined. One of these modifications contains water molecules in the crystal structure, which is observed for the first time for an oxadiazole crystal. Both crystals show an orthorhombic structure. The water free modification, DAPO L belongs to the space group Pbca (61) and has the lattice parameters: a = 13.461(5), b = 7.937(3) and c = 22.816(8) angstrom (CCDC 246608). The water containing pseudo-polymorph, DAPO 11, has the space group Cmcm (63) and the lattice parameters: a = 16.330(5), b = 12.307(2) and c = 6.9978(14) angstrom (CCDC 246609). To gain information on the inter molecular interactions within the crystals, X-ray experiments under compression at ambient temperature and under heating at vacuum conditions were performed. Neither DAPO I nor DAPO II undergo phase transitions in the ressure range up to 5 GPa, as could be concluded from X-ray and Raman experiments. X-ray and calorimetric studies indicate that DAPO II dehydrates into DAPO I under increasing temperature. Structural considerations suggest a two-stage process. The compression behavior of both substances is well described by the Murnaghan equation of state (MEOS) and the values of the bulk modulus and its pressure derivative are determined for these crystals. Additionally, in the case of DAPO I, also the thermal expansion coefficient an was measured. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved}, language = {en} } @article{OrgzallFrancoRecketal.2005, author = {Orgzall, Ingo and Franco, Olga and Reck, Guenter and Schulz, Burkhard}, title = {High-pressure studies on fluorine substituted 2,5-di(phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazoles}, issn = {0022-2860}, year = {2005}, abstract = {Results are presented from structural and high-pressure investigations on four differently but symmetrically fluorine substituted 2,5di(phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazoles. The substitution pattern includes the para-, meta-, or ortho- substitution and the fully fluorinated 2,5-bis(pentafluorophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole. The crystal structure depends on the molecular structure and results in a different high-pressure behavior. Parameters for the Murnaghan equation of state (EOS) are determined for every compound and the anisotropic pressure response of the crystal lattice is discussed. Although the EOS parameters, bulk modulus K. and its pressure derivative K'(o) are of the same order of magnitude for all four compounds, the anisotropy of strain is noticeably different. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved}, language = {en} } @article{DiezTauerSchulz2004, author = {Diez, Isabel and Tauer, Klaus and Schulz, Burkhard}, title = {Polypyrrole tubes via casting of pyrrole-beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid rods}, issn = {0303-402X}, year = {2004}, abstract = {A comprehensive study gives experimental evidence that a complex made from pyrrole and beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid in a molar composition of 3:1 acts as morphological precursor in the subsequent oxidative polymerization of pyrrole initiated with ammonium peroxodisulfate. The precursor complex itself is unable to polymerize but its outer parallelepipedal shape with a high aspect ratio is templated in the inner surface of the formed conducting polypyrrole tubes}, language = {en} } @article{RottkeSchulzRichauetal.2016, author = {Rottke, Falko O. and Schulz, Burkhard and Richau, Klaus and Kratz, Karl and Lendlein, Andreas}, title = {An ellipsometric approach towards the description of inhomogeneous polymer-based Langmuir layers}, series = {Beilstein journal of nanotechnology}, volume = {7}, journal = {Beilstein journal of nanotechnology}, publisher = {Beilstein-Institut zur F{\~A}\Prderung der Chemischen Wissenschaften}, address = {Frankfurt, Main}, issn = {2190-4286}, doi = {10.3762/bjnano.7.107}, pages = {1156 -- 1165}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The applicability of nulling-based ellipsometric mapping as a complementary method next to Brewster angle microscopy (BAM) and imaging ellipsometry (IE) is presented for the characterization of ultrathin films at the air-water interface. First, the methodology is demonstrated for a vertically nonmoving Langmuir layer of star-shaped, 4-arm poly(omega-pentadecalactone) (PPDL-D4). Using nulling-based ellipsometric mapping, PPDL-D4-based inhomogeneously structured morphologies with a vertical dimension in the lower nm range could be mapped. In addition to the identification of these structures, the differentiation between a monolayer and bare water was possible. Second, the potential and limitations of this method were verified by applying it to more versatile Langmuir layers of telechelic poly[(rac-lactide)-co-glycolide]-diol (PLGA). All ellipsometric maps were converted into thickness maps by introduction of the refractive index that was derived from independent ellipsometric experiments, and the result was additionally evaluated in terms of the root mean square roughness, R-q. Thereby, a three-dimensional view into the layers was enabled and morphological inhomogeneity could be quantified.}, language = {en} } @article{RossbergRottkeSchulzetal.2016, author = {Rossberg, Joana and Rottke, Falko O. and Schulz, Burkhard and Lendlein, Andreas}, title = {Enzymatic Degradation of Oligo(epsilon-caprolactone)s End-Capped with Phenylboronic Acid Derivatives at the Air-Water Interface}, series = {Macromolecular rapid communications}, volume = {37}, journal = {Macromolecular rapid communications}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1022-1336}, doi = {10.1002/marc.201600471}, pages = {1966 -- 1971}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The influence of terminal functionalization of oligo(epsilon-caprolactone)s (OCL) with phenylboronic acid pinacol ester or phenylboronic acid on the enzymatic degradation behavior at the air-water interface is investigated by the Langmuir monolayer degradation technique. While the unsubstituted OCL immediately degrades after injection of the enzyme lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia, enzyme molecules are incorporated into the films based on end-capped OCL before degradation. This incorporation of enzymes does not inhibit or suppress the film degradation, but retards it significantly. A specific binding of lipase to the polymer monolayer allows studying the enzymatic activity of bound proteins and the influence on the degradation process. The functionalization of a macromolecule with phenyl boronic acid groups is an approach to investigate their interactions with diol-containing biomolecules like sugars and to monitor their specified impact on the enzymatic degradation behavior at the air-water interface.}, language = {en} } @article{NieWangXuetal.2019, author = {Nie, Yan and Wang, Weiwei and Xu, Xun and Zou, Jie and Bhuvanesh, Thanga and Schulz, Burkhard and Ma, Nan and Lendlein, Andreas}, title = {Enhancement of human induced pluripotent stem cells adhesion through multilayer laminin coating}, series = {Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation : blood flow and vessels}, volume = {70}, journal = {Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation : blood flow and vessels}, number = {4}, publisher = {IOS Press}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1386-0291}, doi = {10.3233/CH-189318}, pages = {531 -- 542}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Bioengineered cell substrates are a highly promising tool to govern the differentiation of stem cells in vitro and to modulate the cellular behavior in vivo. While this technology works fine for adult stem cells, the cultivation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) is challenging as these cells typically show poor attachment on the bioengineered substrates, which among other effects causes substantial cell death. Thus, very limited types of surfaces have been demonstrated suitable for hiPSC cultures. The multilayer coating approach that renders the surface with diverse chemical compositions, architectures, and functions can be used to improve the adhesion of hiPSCs on the bioengineered substrates. We hypothesized that a multilayer formation based on the attraction of molecules with opposite charges could functionalize the polystyrene (PS) substrates to improve the adhesion of hiPSCs. Polymeric substrates were stepwise coated, first with dopamine to form a polydopamine (PDA) layer, second with polylysine and last with Laminin-521. The multilayer formation resulted in the variation of hydrophilicity and chemical functionality of the surfaces. Hydrophilicity was detected using captive bubble method and the amount of primary and secondary amines on the surface was quantified by fluorescent staining. The PDA layer effectively immobilized the upper layers and thereby improved the attachment of hiPSCs. Cell adhesion was enhanced on the surfaces coated with multilayers, as compared to those without PDA and/or polylysine. Moreover, hiPSCs spread well over this multilayer laminin substrate. These cells maintained their proliferation capacity and differentiation potential. The multilayer coating strategy is a promising attempt for engineering polymer-based substrates for the cultivation of hiPSCs and of interest for expanding the application scope of hiPSCs.}, language = {en} } @article{BhuvaneshSaretiaRochetal.2017, author = {Bhuvanesh, Thanga and Saretia, Shivam and Roch, Toralf and Sch{\"o}ne, Anne-Christin and Rottke, Falko O. and Kratz, Karl and Wang, Weiwei and Ma, Nan and Schulz, Burkhard and Lendlein, Andreas}, title = {Langmuir-Schaefer films of fibronectin as designed biointerfaces for culturing stem cells}, series = {Polymers for advanced technologies}, volume = {28}, journal = {Polymers for advanced technologies}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1042-7147}, doi = {10.1002/pat.3910}, pages = {1305 -- 1311}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Glycoproteins adsorbing on an implant upon contact with body fluids can affect the biological response in vitro and in vivo, depending on the type and conformation of the adsorbed biomacromolecules. However, this process is poorly characterized and so far not controllable. Here, protein monolayers of high molecular cohesion with defined density are transferred onto polymeric substrates by the Langmuir-Schaefer (LS) technique and were compared with solution deposition (SO) method. It is hypothesized that on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a substrate with poor cell adhesion capacity, the fibronectin (FN) layers generated by the LS and SO methods will differ in their organization, subsequently facilitating differential stem cell adhesion behavior. Indeed, atomic force microscopy visualization and immunofluorescence images indicated that organization of the FN layer immobilized on PDMS was uniform and homogeneous. In contrast, FN deposited by SO method was rather heterogeneous with appearance of structures resembling protein aggregates. Human mesenchymal stem cells showed reduced absolute numbers of adherent cells, and the vinculin expression seemed to be higher and more homogenously distributed after seeding on PDMS equipped with FN by LS in comparison with PDMS equipped with FN by SO. These divergent responses could be attributed to differences in the availability of adhesion molecule ligands such as the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide sequence presented at the interface. The LS method allows to control the protein layer characteristics, including the thickness and the protein orientation or conformation, which can be harnessed to direct stem cell responses to defined outcomes, including migration and differentiation. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.}, language = {en} } @article{SaretiaMachatschekSchulzetal.2019, author = {Saretia, Shivam and Machatschek, Rainhard Gabriel and Schulz, Burkhard and Lendlein, Andreas}, title = {Reversible 2D networks of oligo(epsilon-caprolactone) at the air-water interface}, series = {Biomedical Materials}, volume = {14}, journal = {Biomedical Materials}, number = {3}, publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {1748-6041}, doi = {10.1088/1748-605X/ab0cef}, pages = {10}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Hydroxyl terminated oligo(epsilon-caprolactone) (OCL) monolayers were reversibly cross-linked forming two dimensional networks (2D) at the air-water interface. The equilibrium reaction with glyoxal as the cross-linker is pH-sensitive. Pronounced contraction in the area of the prepared 2DOCL films in dependence of surface pressure and time revealed the process of the reaction. Cross-linking inhibited crystallization and retarded enzymatic degradation of the OCLfilm. Altering the subphase pH led to a cleavage of the covalent acetal cross-links. The reversibility of the covalent acetal cross-links was proved by observing an identical isotherm as non-cross-linked sample. Besides as model systems, these customizable reversible OCL2D networks are intended for use as pHresponsive drug delivery systems or functionalized cell culture substrates.}, language = {en} } @article{MachatschekSchulzLendlein2018, author = {Machatschek, Rainhard Gabriel and Schulz, Burkhard and Lendlein, Andreas}, title = {The influence of pH on the molecular degradation mechanism of PLGA}, series = {MRS Advances}, volume = {3}, journal = {MRS Advances}, number = {63}, publisher = {Cambridge Univ. Press}, address = {New York}, issn = {2059-8521}, doi = {10.1557/adv.2018.602}, pages = {3883 -- 3889}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Poly[(rac-lactide)-co-glycolide] (PLGA) is used in medicine to provide mechanical support for healing tissue or as matrix for controlled drug release. The properties of this copolymer depend on the evolution of the molecular weight of the material during degradation. which is determined by the kinetics of the cleavage of hydrolysable bonds. The generally accepted description of the degradation of PLGA is a random fragmentation that is autocatalyzed by the accumulation of acidic fragments inside the bulk material. Since mechanistic studies with lactide oligomers have concluded a chain-end scission mechanism and monolayer degradation experiments with polylactide found no accelerated degradation at lower pH, we hypothesize that the impact of acidic fragments on the molecular degradation kinetics of PLGA is overestimated By means of the Langmuir monolayer degradation technique. the molecular degradation kinetics of PLGA at different pH could be determined. Protons did not catalyze the degradation of PLGA. The molecular mechanism at neutral pH and low pH is a combination of random and chainend-cut events, while the degradation under strongly alkaline conditions is determined by rapid chainend cuts. We suggest that the degradation of bulk PLGA is not catalyzed by the acidic degradation products. Instead. increased concentration of small fragments leads to accelerated mass loss via fast chain-end cut events. In the future, we aim to substantiate the proposed molecular degradation mechanism of PLGA with interfacial rheology.}, language = {en} } @article{BhuvaneshMachatschekLysyakovaetal.2019, author = {Bhuvanesh, Thanga and Machatschek, Rainhard Gabriel and Lysyakova, Liudmila and Kratz, Karl and Schulz, Burkhard and Ma, Nan and Lendlein, Andreas}, title = {Collagen type-IV Langmuir and Langmuir-Schafer layers as model biointerfaces to direct stem cell adhesion}, series = {Biomedical materials : materials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine}, volume = {14}, journal = {Biomedical materials : materials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine}, number = {2}, publisher = {Inst. of Physics Publ.}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {1748-6041}, doi = {10.1088/1748-605X/aaf464}, pages = {17}, year = {2019}, abstract = {In biomaterial development, the design of material surfaces that mimic the extra-cellular matrix (ECM) in order to achieve favorable cellular instruction is rather challenging. Collagen-type IV (Col-IV), the major scaffolding component of Basement Membranes (BM), a specialized ECM with multiple biological functions, has the propensity to form networks by self-assembly and supports adhesion of cells such as endothelial cells or stem cells. The preparation of biomimetic Col-IV network-like layers to direct cell responses is difficult. We hypothesize that the morphology of the layer, and especially the density of the available adhesion sites, regulates the cellular adhesion to the layer. The Langmuir monolayer technique allows for preparation of thin layers with precisely controlled packing density at the air-water (A-W) interface. Transferring these layers onto cell culture substrates using the Langmuir-Schafer (LS) technique should therefore provide a pathway for preparation of BM mimicking layers with controlled cell adherence properties. In situ characterization using ellipsometry and polarization modulation-infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy of Col-IV layer during compression at the A-W interface reveal that there is linear increase of surface molecule concentration with negligible orientational changes up to a surface pressure of 25 mN m(-1). Smooth and homogeneous Col-IV network-like layers are successfully transferred by LS method at 15 mN m(-1) onto poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), which is a common substrate for cell culture. In contrast, the organization of Col-IV on PET prepared by the traditionally employed solution deposition method results in rather inhomogeneous layers with the appearance of aggregates and multilayers. Progressive increase in the number of early adherent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) after 24 h by controlling the areal Col-IV density by LS transfer at 10, 15 and 20 mN m(-1) on PET is shown. The LS method offers the possibility to control protein characteristics on biomaterial surfaces such as molecular density and thereby, modulate cell responses.}, language = {en} } @article{TarazonaMachatschekSchulzetal.2019, author = {Tarazona, Natalia A. and Machatschek, Rainhard Gabriel and Schulz, Burkhard and Auxiliadora Prieto Jim{\´e}nez, M. and Lendlein, Andreas}, title = {Molecular Insights into the Physical Adsorption of Amphiphilic Protein PhaF onto Copolyester Surfaces}, series = {Biomacromolecules : an interdisciplinary journal focused at the interface of polymer science and the biological sciences}, volume = {20}, journal = {Biomacromolecules : an interdisciplinary journal focused at the interface of polymer science and the biological sciences}, number = {9}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1525-7797}, doi = {10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00069}, pages = {3242 -- 3252}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Phasins are amphiphilic proteins located at the polymer-cytoplasm interface of bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). The immobilization of phasins on biomaterial surfaces is a promising way to enhance the hydrophilicity and supply cell- directing elements in bioinstructing processes. Optimizing the physical adsorption of phasins requires deep insights into molecular processes during polymer-protein interactions to preserve their structural conformation while optimizing surface coverage. Here, the assembly, organization, and stability of phasin PhaF from Pseudomonas putida at interfaces is disclosed. The Langmuir technique, combined with in situ microscopy and spectroscopic methods, revealed that PhaF forms stable and robust monolayers at different temperatures, with an almost flat orientation of its alpha-helix at the air-water interface. PhaF adsorption onto preformed monolayers of poly[(3-R-hydroxyoctanoate)-co-(3-R-hydroxyhexanoate)] (PHOHHx), yields stable mixed layers below pi = similar to 15.7 mN/m. Further insertion induces a molecular reorganization. PHOHHx with strong surface hydrophobicity is a more adequate substrate for PhaF adsorption than the less hydrophobic poly[(rac-lactide)-co-glycolide] (PLGA). The observed orientation of the main axis of the protein in relation to copolyester interfaces ensures the best exposure of the hydrophobic residues, providing a suitable coating strategy for polymer functionalization.}, language = {en} } @article{LavrenkoStrelinaOkatovaetal.1996, author = {Lavrenko, Peter N. and Strelina, Irina A. and Okatova, Olga V. and Schulz, Burkhard}, title = {Orientation of naphthylene ring in the new poly(naphthylen-1,3,4-oxadiazole)s molecules}, year = {1996}, language = {en} } @article{BrumaHamciucHamciucetal.1996, author = {Bruma, Maria and Hamciuc, Corneliu and Hamciuc, Elena and Mercer, Frank W. and Belomoina, Nataliya and Schulz, Burkhard}, title = {Heterocyclic polyamides containing hexafluoroisopropylidene groups}, year = {1996}, language = {en} } @article{BrumaHamciucSavaetal.1996, author = {Bruma, Maria and Hamciuc, Corneliu and Sava, Ion and Hamciuc, Elena and Mercer, Frank W. and Fritzsche, P. and Schulz, Burkhard}, title = {High temperature polyamides containing pendant imide groups}, year = {1996}, language = {en} }