@article{SchmidtRabschBroekeretal.2016,
  author    = {Schmidt, Andreas and Rabsch, Wolfgang and Br{\"o}ker, Nina Kristin and Barbirz, Stefanie},
  title     = {Bacteriophage tailspike protein based assay to monitor phase variable glucosylations in Salmonella O-antigens},
  series = {BMC microbiology},
  volume    = {16},
  journal   = {BMC microbiology},
  publisher = {BioMed Central},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1471-2180},
  doi       = {10.1186/s12866-016-0826-0},
  pages     = {2214 -- 2226},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Background: Non-typhoid Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) accounts for a high number of registered salmonellosis cases, and O-serotyping is one important tool for monitoring epidemiology and spread of the disease. Moreover, variations in glucosylated O-antigens are related to immunogenicity and spread in the host. However, classical autoagglutination tests combined with the analysis of specific genetic markers cannot always reliably register phase variable glucose modifications expressed on Salmonella O-antigens and additional tools to monitor O-antigen glucosylation phenotypes of S. Typhimurium would be desirable. Results: We developed a test for the phase variable O-antigen glucosylation state of S. Typhimurium using the tailspike proteins (TSP) of Salmonella phages 9NA and P22. We used this ELISA like tailspike adsorption (ELITA) assay to analyze a library of 44 Salmonella strains. ELITA was successful in discriminating strains that carried glucose 1-6 linked to the galactose of O-polysaccharide backbone (serotype O1) from non-glucosylated strains. This was shown by O-antigen compositional analyses of the respective strains with mass spectrometry and capillary electrophoresis. The ELITA test worked rapidly in a microtiter plate format and was highly O-antigen specific. Moreover, TSP as probes could also detect glucosylated strains in flow cytometry and distinguish multiphasic cultures differing in their glucosylation state. Conclusions: Tailspike proteins contain large binding sites with precisely defined specificities and are therefore promising tools to be included in serotyping procedures as rapid serotyping agents in addition to antibodies. In this study, 9NA and P22TSP as probes could specifically distinguish glucosylation phenotypes of Salmonella on microtiter plate assays and in flow cytometry. This opens the possibility for flow sorting of cell populations for subsequent genetic analyses or for monitoring phase variations during large scale O-antigen preparations necessary for vaccine production.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchmidtRabschBroekeretal.2016,
  author    = {Schmidt, Andreas and Rabsch, Wolfgang and Broeker, Nina K. and Barbirz, Stefanie},
  title     = {Bacteriophage tailspike protein based assay to monitor phase variable glucosylations in Salmonella O-antigens},
  series = {BMC microbiology},
  volume    = {16},
  journal   = {BMC microbiology},
  publisher = {BioMed Central},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1471-2180},
  doi       = {10.1186/s12866-016-0826-0},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Background Non-typhoid Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) accounts for a high number of registered salmonellosis cases, and O-serotyping is one important tool for monitoring epidemiology and spread of the disease. Moreover, variations in glucosylated O-antigens are related to immunogenicity and spread in the host. However, classical autoagglutination tests combined with the analysis of specific genetic markers cannot always reliably register phase variable glucose modifications expressed on Salmonella O-antigens and additional tools to monitor O-antigen glucosylation phenotypes of S. Typhimurium would be desirable. Results We developed a test for the phase variable O-antigen glucosylation state of S. Typhimurium using the tailspike proteins (TSP) of Salmonella phages 9NA and P22. We used this ELISA like tailspike adsorption (ELITA) assay to analyze a library of 44 Salmonella strains. ELITA was successful in discriminating strains that carried glucose 1-6 linked to the galactose of O-polysaccharide backbone (serotype O1) from non-glucosylated strains. This was shown by O-antigen compositional analyses of the respective strains with mass spectrometry and capillary electrophoresis. The ELITA test worked rapidly in a microtiter plate format and was highly O-antigen specific. Moreover, TSP as probes could also detect glucosylated strains in flow cytometry and distinguish multiphasic cultures differing in their glucosylation state. Conclusions Tailspike proteins contain large binding sites with precisely defined specificities and are therefore promising tools to be included in serotyping procedures as rapid serotyping agents in addition to antibodies. In this study, 9NA and P22TSP as probes could specifically distinguish glucosylation phenotypes of Salmonella on microtiter plate assays and in flow cytometry. This opens the possibility for flow sorting of cell populations for subsequent genetic analyses or for monitoring phase variations during large scale O-antigen preparations necessary for vaccine production.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{SchmidtRabschBroekeretal.2017,
  author    = {Schmidt, Andreas and Rabsch, Wolfgang and Broeker, Nina K. and Barbirz, Stefanie},
  title     = {Bacteriophage tailspike protein based assay to monitor phase variable glucosylations in Salmonella O-antigens},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103769},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Background Non-typhoid Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) accounts for a high number of registered salmonellosis cases, and O-serotyping is one important tool for monitoring epidemiology and spread of the disease. Moreover, variations in glucosylated O-antigens are related to immunogenicity and spread in the host. However, classical autoagglutination tests combined with the analysis of specific genetic markers cannot always reliably register phase variable glucose modifications expressed on Salmonella O-antigens and additional tools to monitor O-antigen glucosylation phenotypes of S. Typhimurium would be desirable. Results We developed a test for the phase variable O-antigen glucosylation state of S. Typhimurium using the tailspike proteins (TSP) of Salmonella phages 9NA and P22. We used this ELISA like tailspike adsorption (ELITA) assay to analyze a library of 44 Salmonella strains. ELITA was successful in discriminating strains that carried glucose 1-6 linked to the galactose of O-polysaccharide backbone (serotype O1) from non-glucosylated strains. This was shown by O-antigen compositional analyses of the respective strains with mass spectrometry and capillary electrophoresis. The ELITA test worked rapidly in a microtiter plate format and was highly O-antigen specific. Moreover, TSP as probes could also detect glucosylated strains in flow cytometry and distinguish multiphasic cultures differing in their glucosylation state. Conclusions Tailspike proteins contain large binding sites with precisely defined specificities and are therefore promising tools to be included in serotyping procedures as rapid serotyping agents in addition to antibodies. In this study, 9NA and P22TSP as probes could specifically distinguish glucosylation phenotypes of Salmonella on microtiter plate assays and in flow cytometry. This opens the possibility for flow sorting of cell populations for subsequent genetic analyses or for monitoring phase variations during large scale O-antigen preparations necessary for vaccine production.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Schmidt2015,
  author    = {Schmidt, Andreas},
  title     = {{\"U}berlegene Gesch{\"a}ftsmodelle},
  series = {Strategisches Kompetenz-Management},
  journal   = {Strategisches Kompetenz-Management},
  publisher = {Springer Gabler},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-08655-8 (Paperback)},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-658-08656-5},
  pages     = {XVI, 454},
  year      = {2015},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Schmidt2016,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Schmidt, Andreas},
  title     = {Udmurt as an OV language},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-89465},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {iii, 94},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {This is the first study to investigate Hubert Haider's (2000, 2010, 2013, 2014) proposed systematic differences between OV and VO language in a family other than Germanic. Its aim is to gather evidence on whether basic word order is predictive of further properties of a language. The languages under investigation are the Finno-Ugric languages Udmurt (as an OV language) and Finnish (as a VO language). Counter to Kayne (1994), Haider proposes that the structure of a sentence with a head-final VP is fundamentally different from that of a sentence with a head-initial VP, e.g., OV languages do not exhibit a VP-shell structure, and they do not employ a TP layer with a structural subject position. Haider's proposed structural differences are said to result in the following empirically testable differences: (a) VP: the availability of VP-internal adverbial intervention and scrambling only in OV-VPs; (b) subjects: the lack of certain subject-object asymmetries in OV languages, i.e., lack of the subject condition and lack of superiority effects; (c) V-complexes: the availability of partial predicate fronting only in OV languages; different orderings between selecting and selected verbs; the intervention of non-verbal material between verbs only in VO languages; (d) V-particles: differences in the distribution of resultative phrases and verb particles. Udmurt and Finnish behave in line with Haider's predictions with regard to the status of the subject, with regard to the order of selecting and selected verbs, and with regard to the availability of partial predicate fronting. Moreover, Udmurt allows for adverbial intervention and scrambling, as predicted, whereas the status of these properties in Finnish could not be reliably determined due to obligatory V-to-T. There is also counterevidence to Haider's predictions: Udmurt allows for non-verbal material between verbs, and the distribution of resultative phrases and verb particles is essentially as free as the distribution of adverbial phrases in both Finno-Ugric languages. As such, Haider's theory is not falsified by the data from Udmurt and Finnish (except for his theory on verb particles), but it is also not fully supported by the data.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Schmidt2015,
  author    = {Schmidt, Andreas},
  title     = {Charakterisierung der Lipopolysaccharid-Bindungseigenschaften von Adh{\"a}sionsproteinen aus Salmonella-Bakteriophagen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-79529},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {VIII, 114},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {Die Interaktionen von komplexen Kohlenhydraten und Proteinen sind ubiquit{\"a}r. Sie spielen wichtige Rollen in vielen physiologischen Prozessen wie Zelladh{\"a}sion, Signaltransduktion sowie bei viralen Infektionen. Die molekularen Grundlagen der Interaktion sind noch nicht komplett verstanden. Ein Modellsystem f{\"u}r Kohlenhydrat-Protein-Interaktionen besteht aus Adh{\"a}sionsproteinen (Tailspikes) von Bakteriophagen, die komplexe Kohlenhydrate auf bakteriellen Oberfl{\"a}chen (O-Antigen) erkennen. Das Tailspike-Protein (TSP), das in dieser Arbeit betrachtet wurde, stammt aus dem Bakteriophagen 9NA (9NATSP). 9NATSP weist eine hohe strukturelle Homologie zum gut charakterisierten TSP des Phagen P22 (P22TSP) auf, bei einer niedriger sequenzieller {\"A}hnlichkeit. Die Substratspezifit{\"a}ten beider Tailspikes sind {\"a}hnlich mit Ausnahme der Toleranz gegen{\"u}ber den glucosylierten Formen des O-Antigens. Die Struktur der beiden Tailspikes ist bekannt, sodass sie ein geeignetes System f{\"u}r vergleichende Bindungsstudien darstellen, um die strukturellen Grundlagen f{\"u}r die Unterschiede der Spezifit{\"a}t zu untersuchen. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde der ELISA-like tailspike adsorption assay (ELITA) etabliert, um Binderpaare aus TSPs und O-Antigen zu identifizieren. Dabei wurden 9NATSP und P22TSP als Sonden eingesetzt, deren Bindung an die intakten, an die Mikrotiterplatte adsorbierten Bakterien getestet wurde. Beim Test einer Sammlung aus 44 Salmonella-St{\"a}mmen wurden St{\"a}mme identifiziert, die bindendes O-Antigen exprimieren. Gleichzeitig wurden Unterschiede in der Bindung der beiden TSPs an Salmonella-St{\"a}mme mit gleichem O-Serotyp beobachtet. Die Ergebnisse der ELITA-Messung wurden qualitativ durch eine FACS-basierte Bindungsmessung best{\"a}tigt. Zus{\"a}tzlich erm{\"o}glichte die FACS-Messung bei St{\"a}mmen, die teilweise modifizierte O-Antigene herstellen, den Anteil an Zellen mit und ohne Modifikation zu erfassen. Die Oberfl{\"a}chenplasmonresonanz (SPR)-basierten Interaktionsmessungen wurden eingesetzt, um Bindungsaffinit{\"a}ten f{\"u}r eine TSP-O-Antigen Kombination zu quantifizieren. Daf{\"u}r wurden zwei Methoden getestet, um die Oligosaccharide auf einem SPR-Chip zu immobilisieren. Zum einen wurden die enzymatisch hergestellten O-Antigenfragmente mit einem bifunktionalen Oxaminadapter derivatisiert, der eine prim{\"a}re Aminogruppe f{\"u}r die Immobilisierung bereitstellt. Ein Versuch, diese Oligosaccharidfragmente zu immobilisieren, war jedoch nicht erfolgreich. Dagegen wurde das nicht derivatisierte Polysaccharid, bestehend aus repetitivem O-Antigen und einem konservierten Kernsaccharid, erfolgreich auf einem SPR-Chip immobilisiert. Die Immobilisierung wurde durch Interaktionsmessungen mit P22TSP best{\"a}tigt. Durch die Immobilisierung des Polysaccharids sind somit quantitative SPR-Bindungsmessungen mit einem polydispersen Interaktionspartner m{\"o}glich. Eine Auswahl von Salmonella-St{\"a}mmen mit einer ausgepr{\"a}gt unterschiedlichen Bindung von 9NATSP und P22TSP im ELITA-Testsystem wurde hinsichtlich der Zusammensetzung des O-Antigens mittels HPLC, Kapillargelelektrophorese und MALDI-MS analysiert. Dabei wurden nicht-st{\"o}chiometrische Modifikationen der O-Antigene wie Acetylierung und Glucosylierung detektiert. Das Ausmaß der Glucosylierung korrelierte negativ mit der Effizienz der Bindung und des Verdaus durch die beiden TSPs, wobei der negative Effekt bei 9NATSP weniger stark ausgepr{\"a}gt war als bei P22TSP. Dies stimmt mit den Literaturdaten zu Infektivit{\"a}tsstudien mit 9NA und P22 {\"u}berein, die mit St{\"a}mmen mit vergleichbaren O-Antigenvarianten durchgef{\"u}hrt wurden. Die Korrelation zwischen der Glucosylierung und Bindungseffizienz konnte strukturell interpretiert werden. Auf Grundlage der O-Antigenanalysen sowie der Ergebnisse der ELITA- und FACS-Bindungstests wurden die Salmonella-St{\"a}mme Brancaster und Kalamu identifiziert, die ann{\"a}hernd quantitativ glucosyliertes O-Antigen exprimieren. Damit eignen sich diese St{\"a}mme f{\"u}r weiterf{\"u}hrende Studien, um die Zusammenh{\"a}nge zwischen der Spezifit{\"a}t und der Organisation der Bindestellen der beiden TSPs zu untersuchen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{OlsenStiebelsBierwischetal.2019,
  author    = {Olsen, Susan and Stiebels, Barbara and Bierwisch, Manfred and Zimmermann, Ilse and Cavar, Damir and Georgi, Doreen and Bacskai-Atkari, Julia and Alexiadou, Artemis and Błaszczak, Joanna and M{\"u}ller, Gereon and Šim{\´i}k, Radek and Meinunger, Andr{\´e} and Thiersch, Craig and Arnhold, Anja and F{\´e}ry, Caroline and Bayer, Josef and Titov, Elena and Fominyam, Henry and Tran, Thuan and Bornkessel-Schlesewsky, Ina D. and Schlesewsky, Matthias and Zimmermann, Malte and H{\"a}ussler, Jana and Mucha, Anne and Schmidt, Andreas and Weskott, Thomas and Wierzba, Marta and Stede, Manfred and Skopeteas, Stavros and Gafos, Adamantios I. and Haider, Hubert and Wunderlich, Dieter and Staudacher, Peter and Rauh, Gisa},
  title     = {Of Trees and Birds},
  editor    = {Brown, Jessica M. M. and Schmidt, Andreas and Wierzba, Marta},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-457-9},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42654},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-426542},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xvi, 435},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Gisbert Fanselow's work has been invaluable and inspiring to many ­researchers working on syntax, morphology, and information ­structure, both from a ­theoretical and from an experimental perspective. This ­volume comprises a collection of articles dedicated to Gisbert on the occasion of his 60th birthday, covering a range of topics from these areas and beyond. The contributions have in ­common that in a broad sense they have to do with language structures (and thus trees), and that in a more specific sense they have to do with birds. They thus cover two of Gisbert's major interests in- and outside of the linguistic world (and ­perhaps even at the interface).},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HaeusslerMuchaSchmidtetal.2019,
  author    = {H{\"a}ussler, Jana and Mucha, Anna and Schmidt, Andreas and Weskott, Thomas and Wierzba, Marta},
  title     = {Experimenting with Lurchi},
  series = {Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow},
  journal   = {Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-457-9},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43255},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432553},
  pages     = {307 -- 321},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BrownSchmidtWierzba2019,
  author    = {Brown, Jessica M. M. and Schmidt, Andreas and Wierzba, Marta},
  title     = {Preface},
  series = {Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow},
  journal   = {Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-457-9},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43057},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-430575},
  pages     = {xiii -- xvi},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {en}
}