@article{AbeysekaraBenbowBirdetal.2018,
  author    = {Abeysekara, A. U. and Benbow, Wystan and Bird, Ralph and Brill, A. and Brose, Robert and Buckley, J. H. and Chromey, A. J. and Daniel, M. K. and Falcone, A. and Finley, J. P. and Fortson, L. and Furniss, Amy and Gent, A. and Gillanders, Gerald H. and Hanna, David and Hassan, T. and Hervet, O. and Holder, J. and Hughes, G. and Humensky, T. B. and Kaaret, Philip and Kar, P. and Kertzman, M. and Kieda, David and Krause, Maria and Krennrich, F. and Kumar, S. and Lang, M. J. and Lin, T. T. Y. and Maier, Gernot and Moriarty, P. and Mukherjee, Reshmi and Ong, R. A. and Otte, Adam Nepomuk and Park, Nahee and Petrashyk, A. and Pohl, Martin and Pueschel, Elisa and Quinn, J. and Ragan, K. and Richards, Gregory T. and Roache, E. and Sadeh, I. and Santander, Marcos and Schlenstedt, S. and Sembroski, G. H. and Sushch, Iurii and Tyler, J. and Vassiliev, V. V. and Wakely, S. P. and Weinstein, A. and Wells, R. M. and Wilcox, P. and Wilhelm, Alina and Williams, David A. and Williamson, T. J. and Zitzer, B. and Acciari, V. A. and Ansoldi, S. and Antonelli, L. A. and Engels, A. Arbet and Baack, D. and Babic, A. and Banerjee, B. and de Almeida, U. Barres and Barrio, J. A. and Becerra Gonzalez, Josefa and Bednarek, Wlodek and Bernardini, Elisa and Berti, A. and Besenrieder, J. and Bhattacharyya, W. and Bigongiari, C. and Biland, A. and Blanch, O. and Bonnoli, G. and Busetto, G. and Carosi, R. and Ceribella, G. and Cikota, S. and Colak, S. M. and Colin, P. and Colombo, E. and Contreras, J. L. and Cortina, J. and Covino, S. and Da Vela, P. and Dazzi, F. and De Angelis, A. and De Lotto, B. and Delfino, M. and Delgado, J. and Di Pierro, F. and Do Souto Espinera, E. and Dominguez, A. and Prester, D. Dominis and Dorner, D. and Doro, M. and Einecke, S. and Elsaesser, D. and Ramazani, V. Fallah and Fattorini, A. and Fernandez-Barral, A. and Ferrara, G. and Fidalgo, D. and Foffano, L. and Fonseca, M. V. and Font, L. and Fruck, C. and Galindo, D. and Gallozzi, S. and Lopez, R. J. Garcia and Garczarczyk, M. and Gasparyan, S. and Gaug, Markus and Giammaria, P. and Godinovic, N. and Guberman, D. and Hadasch, D. and Hahn, A. and Herrera, J. and Hoang, J. and Hrupec, D. and Inoue, S. and Ishio, K. and Iwamura, Y. and Kubo, H. and Kushida, J. and Kuvezdic, D. and Lamastra, A. and Lelas, D. and Leone, Francesco and Lindfors, E. and Lombardi, S. and Longo, Francesco and Lopez, M. and Lopez-Oramas, A. and Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B. and Maggio, C. and Majumdar, P. and Makariev, M. and Mallamaci, M. and Maneva, G. and Manganaro, M. and Mannheim, K. and Maraschi, L. and Mariotti, M. and Martinez, M. and Masuda, S. and Mazin, D. and Minev, M. and Miranda, J. M. and Mirzoyan, R. and Molina, E. and Moralejo, A. and Moreno, V. and Moretti, E. and Munar-Adrover, Pere and Neustroev, V. and Niedzwiecki, Andrzej and Rosillo, Mireia Nievas and Nigro, C. and Nilsson, Kari and Ninci, D. and Nishijima, K. and Noda, K. and Nogues, L. and Noethe, M. and Paiano, Simona and Palacio, J. and Paneque, D. and Paoletti, R. and Paredes, J. M. and Pedaletti, G. and Penil, P. and Peresano, M. and Persic, M. and Moroni, P. G. Prada and Prandini, E. and Puljak, I. and Garcia, J. R. and Rhode, W. and Ribo, Marc and Rico, J. and Righi, C. and Rugliancich, A. and Saha, Lab and Sahakyan, Narek and Saito, T. and Satalecka, K. and Schweizer, T. and Sitarek, J. and Snidaric, I. and Sobczynska, D. and Somero, A. and Stamerra, A. and Strzys, M. and Suric, T. and Tavecchio, Fabrizio and Temnikov, P. and Terzic, T. and Teshima, M. and Torres-Alba, N. and Tsujimoto, S. and van Scherpenberg, J. and Vanzo, G. and Vazquez Acosta, M. and Vovk, I. and Will, M. and Zaric, D.},
  title     = {Periastron Observations of TeV Gamma-Ray Emission from a Binary System with a 50-year Period},
  series = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics ; Part 2, Letters},
  volume    = {867},
  journal   = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics ; Part 2, Letters},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.},
  address   = {Bristol},
  organization    = {VERITAS Collaboration MAGIC Collaboration},
  issn      = {2041-8205},
  doi       = {10.3847/2041-8213/aae70e},
  pages     = {8},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {We report on observations of the pulsar/Be star binary system PSR J2032+4127/MT91 213 in the energy range between 100 GeV and 20 TeV with the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array and Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov telescope arrays. The binary orbit has a period of approximately 50 years, with the most recent periastron occurring on 2017 November 13. Our observations span from 18 months prior to periastron to one month after. A new point-like gamma-ray source is detected, coincident with the location of PSR J2032+4127/MT91 213. The gamma-ray light curve and spectrum are well characterized over the periastron passage. The flux is variable over at least an order of magnitude, peaking at periastron, thus providing a firm association of the TeV source with the pulsar/Be star system. Observations prior to periastron show a cutoff in the spectrum at an energy around 0.5 TeV. This result adds a new member to the small population of known TeV binaries, and it identifies only the second source of this class in which the nature and properties of the compact object are firmly established. We compare the gamma-ray results with the light curve measured with the X-ray Telescope on board the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory and with the predictions of recent theoretical models of the system. We conclude that significant revision of the models is required to explain the details of the emission that we have observed, and we discuss the relationship between the binary system and the overlapping steady extended source, TeV J2032+4130.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AhnenAnsoldiAntonellietal.2018,
  author    = {Ahnen, M. L. and Ansoldi, S. and Antonelli, L. A. and Arcaro, C. and Babic, A. and Banerjee, B. and Bangale, P. and Barres de Almeida, U. and Barrio, J. A. and Gonzalez, J. Becerra and Bednarek, W. and Bernardini, E. and Berti, A. and Bhattacharyya, W. and Blanch, O. and Bonnoli, G. and Carosi, R. and Carosi, A. and Chatterjee, A. and Colak, S. M. and Colin, P. and Colombo, E. and Contreras, J. L. and Cortina, J. and Covino, S. and Cumani, P. and Da Vela, P. and Dazzi, F. and De Angelis, A. and De Lotto, B. and Delfino, M. and Delgado, Jose Miguel Martins and Di Pierro, F. and Doert, M. and Dominguez, A. and Prester, D. Dominis and Doro, M. and Glawion, D. Eisenacher and Engelkemeier, M. and Ramazani, V. Fallah and Fernandez-Barral, A. and Fidalgo, D. and Fonseca, M. V. and Font, L. and Fruck, C. and Galindo, D. and Lopez, R. J. Garcia and Garczarczyk, M. and Gaug, M. and Giammaria, P. and Godinovic, N. and Gora, D. and Guberman, D. and Hadasch, D. and Hahn, A. and Hassan, T. and Hayashida, M. and Herrera, J. and Hose, J. and Hrupec, D. and Ishio, K. and Konno, Y. and Kubo, H. and Kushida, J. and Kuvezdic, D. and Lelas, D. and Lindfors, E. and Lombardi, S. and Longo, F. and Lopez, M. and Maggio, C. and Majumdar, P. and Makariev, M. and Maneva, G. and Manganaro, M. and Maraschi, L. and Mariotti, M. and Martinez, M. and Mazin, D. and Menzel, U. and Minev, M. and Miranda, J. M. and Mirzoyan, R. and Moralejo, A. and Moreno, V. and Moretti, E. and Nagayoshi, T. and Neustroev, V. and Niedzwiecki, A. and Nievas Rosillo, M. and Nigro, C. and Nilsson, K. and Ninci, D. and Nishijima, K. and Noda, K. and Nogues, L. and Paiano, S. and Palacio, J. and Paneque, D. and Paoletti, R. and Paredes, J. M. and Pedaletti, G. and Peresano, M. and Perri, L. and Persic, M. and Moroni, P. G. Prada and Prandini, E. and Puljak, I. and Garcia, J. R. and Reichardt, I. and Ribo, M. and Rico, J. and Righi, C. and Rugliancich, A. and Saito, T. and Satalecka, K. and Schroeder, S. and Schweizer, T. and Shore, S. N. and Sitarek, J. and Snidaric, I. and Sobczynska, D. and Stamerra, A. and Strzys, M. and Suric, T. and Takalo, L. and Tavecchio, F. and Temnikov, P. and Terzic, T. and Teshima, M. and Torres-Alba, N. and Treves, A. and Tsujimoto, S. and Vanzo, G. and Vazquez Acosta, M. and Vovk, I. and Ward, J. E. and Will, M. and Zaric, D. and Arbet-Engels, A. and Baack, D. and Balbo, M. and Biland, A. and Blank, M. and Bretz, T. and Bruegge, K. and Bulinski, M. and Buss, J. and Dmytriiev, A. and Dorner, D. and Einecke, S. and Elsaesser, D. and Herbst, T. and Hildebrand, D. and Kortmann, L. and Linhoff, L. and Mahlke, M. and Mannheim, K. and Mueller, S. A. and Neise, D. and Neronov, A. and Noethe, M. and Oberkirch, J. and Paravac, A. and Rhode, W. and Schleicher, B. and Schulz, F. and Sedlaczek, K. and Shukla, A. and Sliusar, V. and Walter, R. and Archer, A. and Benbow, W. and Bird, R. and Brose, Robert and Buckley, J. H. and Bugaev, V. and Christiansen, J. L. and Cui, W. and Daniel, M. K. and Falcone, A. and Feng, Q. and Finley, J. P. and Gillanders, G. H. and Gueta, O. and Hanna, D. and Hervet, O. and Holder, J. and Hughes, G. and Huetten, M. and Humensky, T. B. and Johnson, C. A. and Kaaret, P. and Kar, P. and Kelley-Hoskins, N. and Kertzman, M. and Kieda, D. and Krause, M. and Krennrich, F. and Kumar, S. and Lang, M. J. and Lin, T. T. Y. and Maier, G. and McArthur, S. and Moriarty, P. and Mukherjee, R. and Ong, R. A. and Otte, A. N. and Park, N. and Petrashyk, A. and Pichel, A. and Pohl, Martin and Quinn, J. and Ragan, K. and Reynolds, P. T. and Richards, G. T. and Roache, E. and Rovero, A. C. and Rulten, C. and Sadeh, I. and Santander, M. and Sembroski, G. H. and Shahinyan, K. and Sushch, Iurii and Tyler, J. and Wakely, S. P. and Weinstein, A. and Wells, R. M. and Wilcox, P. and Wilhel, A. and Williams, D. A. and Williamson, T. J. and Zitzer, B. and Perri, M. and Verrecchia, F. and Leto, C. and Villata, M. and Raiteri, C. M. and Jorstad, S. G. and Larionov, V. M. and Blinov, D. A. and Grishina, T. S. and Kopatskaya, E. N. and Larionova, E. G. and Nikiforova, A. A. and Morozova, D. A. and Troitskaya, Yu. V. and Troitsky, I. S. and Kurtanidze, O. M. and Nikolashvili, M. G. and Kurtanidze, S. O. and Kimeridze, G. N. and Chigladze, R. A. and Strigachev, A. and Sadun, A. C.},
  title     = {Extreme HBL behavior of Markarian 501 during 2012},
  series = {Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal / European Southern Observatory (ESO)},
  volume    = {620},
  journal   = {Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal / European Southern Observatory (ESO)},
  publisher = {EDP Sciences},
  address   = {Les Ulis},
  organization    = {MAGIC Collaboration FACT Collaboration VERITAS Collaboration},
  issn      = {1432-0746},
  doi       = {10.1051/0004-6361/201833704},
  pages     = {23},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Aims. We aim to characterize the multiwavelength emission from Markarian 501 (Mrk 501), quantify the energy-dependent variability, study the potential multiband correlations, and describe the temporal evolution of the broadband emission within leptonic theoretical scenarios. Methods. We organized a multiwavelength campaign to take place between March and July of 2012. Excellent temporal coverage was obtained with more than 25 instruments, including the MAGIC, FACT and VERITAS Cherenkov telescopes, the instruments on board the Swift and Fermi spacecraft, and the telescopes operated by the GASP-WEBT collaboration. Results. Mrk 501 showed a very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray flux above 0.2 TeV of similar to 0.5 times the Crab Nebula flux (CU) for most of the campaign. The highest activity occurred on 2012 June 9, when the VHE flux was similar to 3 CU, and the peak of the high-energy spectral component was found to be at similar to 2 TeV. Both the X-ray and VHE gamma-ray spectral slopes were measured to be extremely hard, with spectral indices <2 during most of the observing campaign, regardless of the X-ray and VHE flux. This study reports the hardest Mrk 501 VHE spectra measured to date. The fractional variability was found to increase with energy, with the highest variability occurring at VHE. Using the complete data set, we found correlation between the X-ray and VHE bands; however, if the June 9 flare is excluded, the correlation disappears (significance <3 sigma) despite the existence of substantial variability in the X-ray and VHE bands throughout the campaign. Conclusions. The unprecedentedly hard X-ray and VHE spectra measured imply that their low- and high-energy components peaked above 5 keV and 0.5 TeV, respectively, during a large fraction of the observing campaign, and hence that Mrk 501 behaved like an extreme high-frequency-peaked blazar (EHBL) throughout the 2012 observing season. This suggests that being an EHBL may not be a permanent characteristic of a blazar, but rather a state which may change over time. The data set acquired shows that the broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) of Mrk 501, and its transient evolution, is very complex, requiring, within the framework of synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) models, various emission regions for a satisfactory description. Nevertheless the one-zone SSC scenario can successfully describe the segments of the SED where most energy is emitted, with a significant correlation between the electron energy density and the VHE gamma-ray activity, suggesting that most of the variability may be explained by the injection of high-energy electrons. The one-zone SSC scenario used reproduces the behavior seen between the measured X-ray and VHE gamma-ray fluxes, and predicts that the correlation becomes stronger with increasing energy of the X-rays.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FurnissNodaBoggsetal.2015,
  author    = {Furniss, A. and Noda, K. and Boggs, S. and Chiang, J. and Christensen, F. and Craig, W. and Giommi, P. and Hailey, C. and Harisson, F. and Madejski, G. and Nalewajko, K. and Perri, M. and Stern, D. and Urry, M. and Verrecchia, F. and Zhang, W. and Ahnen, M. L. and Ansoldi, S. and Antonelli, L. A. and Antoranz, P. and Babic, A. and Banerjee, B. and Bangale, P. and de Almeida, U. Barres and Barrio, J. A. and Becerra Gonzalez, J. and Bednarek, W. and Bernardini, E. and Biasuzzi, B. and Biland, A. and Blanch Bigas, O. and Bonnefoy, S. and Bonnoli, G. and Borracci, F. and Bretz, T. and Carmona, E. and Carosi, A. and Chatterjee, A. and Clavero, R. and Colin, P. and Colombo, E. and Contreras, J. L. and Cortina, J. and Covino, S. and Da Vela, P. and Dazzi, F. and De Angelis, A. and De Caneva, G. and De Lotto, B. and de Ona Wilhelmi, E. and Delgado Mendez, C. and Di Pierro, F. and Prester, Dijana Dominis and Dorner, D. and Doro, M. and Einecke, S. and Eisenacher Glawion, D. and Elsaesser, D. and Fernandez-Barral, A. and Fidalgo, D. and Fonseca, M. V. and Font, L. and Frantzen, K. and Fruck, C. and Galindo, D. and Garcia Lopez, R. J. and Garczarczyk, M. and Garrido Terrats, D. and Gaug, M. and Giammaria, P. and Godinovic, N. and Gonzalez Munoz, A. and Guberman, D. and Hanabata, Y. and Hayashida, M. and Herrera, J. and Hose, J. and Hrupec, D. and Hughes, G. and Idec, W. and Kellermann, H. and Kodani, K. and Konno, Y. and Kubo, H. and Kushida, J. and La Barbera, A. and Lelas, D. and Lewandowska, N. and Lindfors, E. and Lombardi, S. and Longo, F. and Lopez, M. and Lopez-Coto, R. and Lopez-Oramas, A. and Lorenz, E. and Majumdar, P. and Makariev, M. and Mallot, K. and Maneva, G. and Manganaro, M. and Mannheim, K. and Maraschi, L. and Marcote, B. and Mariotti, M. and Martinez, M. and Mazin, D. and Menzel, U. and Miranda, J. M. and Mirzoyan, R. and Moralejo, A. and Nakajima, D. and Neustroev, V. and Niedzwiecki, A. and Nievas Rosillo, M. and Nilsson, K. and Nishijima, K. and Orito, R. and Overkemping, A. and Paiano, S. and Palacio, J. and Palatiello, M. and Paneque, D. and Paoletti, R. and Paredes, J. M. and Paredes-Fortuny, X. and Persic, M. and Poutanen, J. and Moroni, P. G. Prada and Prandini, E. and Puljak, I. and Reinthal, R. and Rhode, W. and Ribo, M. and Rico, J. and Garcia, J. Rodriguez and Saito, T. and Saito, K. and Satalecka, K. and Scapin, V. and Schultz, C. and Schweizer, T. and Shore, S. N. and Sillanpaa, A. and Sitarek, J. and Snidaric, I. and Sobczynska, D. and Stamerra, A. and Steinbring, T. and Strzys, M. and Takalo, L. and Takami, H. and Tavecchio, F. and Temnikov, P. and Terzic, T. and Tescaro, D. and Teshima, M. and Thaele, J. and Torres, D. F. and Toyama, T. and Treves, A. and Verguilov, V. and Vovk, I. and Will, M. and Zanin, R. and Archer, A. and Benbow, W. and Bird, R. and Biteau, Jonathan and Bugaev, V. and Cardenzana, J. V. and Cerruti, M. and Chen, Xuhui and Ciupik, L. and Connolly, M. P. and Cui, W. and Dickinson, H. J. and Dumm, J. and Eisch, J. D. and Falcone, A. and Feng, Q. and Finley, J. P. and Fleischhack, H. and Fortin, P. and Fortson, L. and Gerard, L. and Gillanders, G. H. and Griffin, S. and Griffiths, S. T. and Grube, J. and Gyuk, G. and Hakansson, Nils and Holder, J. and Humensky, T. B. and Johnson, C. A. and Kaaret, P. and Kertzman, M. and Kieda, D. and Krause, M. and Krennrich, F. and Lang, M. J. and Lin, T. T. Y. and Maier, G. and McArthur, S. and McCann, A. and Meagher, K. and Moriarty, P. and Mukherjee, R. and Nieto, D. and Ong, R. A. and Park, N. and Petry, D. and Pohl, Martin and Popkow, A. and Ragan, K. and Ratliff, G. and Reyes, L. C. and Reynolds, P. T. and Richards, G. T. and Roache, E. and Santander, M. and Sembroski, G. H. and Shahinyan, K. and Staszak, D. and Telezhinsky, Igor O. and Tucci, J. V. and Tyler, J. and Vassiliev, V. V. and Wakely, S. P. and Weiner, O. M. and Weinstein, A. and Wilhelm, Alina and Williams, D. A. and Zitzer, B. and Vince, O. and Fuhrmann, L. and Angelakis, E. and Karamanavis, V. and Myserlis, I. and Krichbaum, T. P. and Zensus, J. A. and Ungerechts, H. and Sievers, A. and Bachev, R. and Boettcher, Markus and Chen, W. P. and Damljanovic, G. and Eswaraiah, C. and Guver, T. and Hovatta, T. and Hughes, Z. and Ibryamov, S. I. and Joner, M. D. and Jordan, B. and Jorstad, S. G. and Joshi, M. and Kataoka, J. and Kurtanidze, O. M. and Kurtanidze, S. O. and Lahteenmaki, A. and Latev, G. and Lin, H. C. and Larionov, V. M. and Mokrushina, A. A. and Morozova, D. A. and Nikolashvili, M. G. and Raiteri, C. M. and Ramakrishnan, V. and Readhead, A. C. R. and Sadun, A. C. and Sigua, L. A. and Semkov, E. H. and Strigachev, A. and Tammi, J. and Tornikoski, M. and Troitskaya, Y. V. and Troitsky, I. S. and Villata, M.},
  title     = {First NuSTAR observations of MRK 501 within a radio to TeV multi-instrument campaign},
  series = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics},
  volume    = {812},
  journal   = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.},
  address   = {Bristol},
  organization    = {NuSTAR Team, MAGIC Collaboration, VERITAS Collaboration, F-Gamma Consortium},
  issn      = {0004-637X},
  doi       = {10.1088/0004-637X/812/1/65},
  pages     = {22},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {We report on simultaneous broadband observations of the TeV-emitting blazar Markarian 501 between 2013 April 1 and August 10, including the first detailed characterization of the synchrotron peak with Swift and NuSTAR. During the campaign, the nearby BL Lac object was observed in both a quiescent and an elevated state. The broadband campaign includes observations with NuSTAR, MAGIC, VERITAS, the Fermi Large Area Telescope, Swift X-ray Telescope and UV Optical Telescope, various ground-based optical instruments, including the GASP-WEBT program, as well as radio observations by OVRO, Metsahovi, and the F-Gamma consortium. Some of the MAGIC observations were affected by a sand layer from the Saharan desert, and had to be corrected using event-by-event corrections derived with a Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) facility. This is the first time that LIDAR information is used to produce a physics result with Cherenkov Telescope data taken during adverse atmospheric conditions, and hence sets a precedent for the current and future ground-based gamma-ray instruments. The NuSTAR instrument provides unprecedented sensitivity in hard X-rays, showing the source to display a spectral energy distribution (SED) between 3 and 79 keV consistent with a log-parabolic spectrum and hard X-ray variability on hour timescales. None (of the four extended NuSTAR observations) show evidence of the onset of inverse-Compton emission at hard X-ray energies. We apply a single-zone equilibrium synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) model to five simultaneous broadband SEDs. We find that the SSC model can reproduce the observed broadband states through a decrease in the magnetic field strength coinciding with an increase in the luminosity and hardness of the relativistic leptons responsible for the high-energy emission.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ActisAgnettaAharonianetal.2011,
  author    = {Actis, M. and Agnetta, G. and Aharonian, Felix A. and Akhperjanian, A. G. and Aleksic, J. and Aliu, E. and Allan, D. and Allekotte, I. and Antico, F. and Antonelli, L. A. and Antoranz, P. and Aravantinos, A. and Arlen, T. and Arnaldi, H. and Artmann, S. and Asano, K. and Asorey, H. G. and Baehr, J. and Bais, A. and Baixeras, C. and Bajtlik, S. and Balis, D. and Bamba, A. and Barbier, C. and Barcelo, M. and Barnacka, Anna and Barnstedt, J{\"u}rgen and de Almeida, U. Barres and Barrio, J. A. and Basso, S. and Bastieri, D. and Bauer, C. and Becerra Gonzalez, J. and Becherini, Yvonne and Bechtol, K. C. and Becker, J. and Beckmann, Volker and Bednarek, W. and Behera, B. and Beilicke, M. and Belluso, M. and Benallou, M. and Benbow, W. and Berdugo, J. and Berger, K. and Bernardino, T. and Bernl{\"o}hr, K. and Biland, A. and Billotta, S. and Bird, T. and Birsin, E. and Bissaldi, E. and Blake, S. and Blanch Bigas, O. and Bobkov, A. A. and Bogacz, L. and Bogdan, M. and Boisson, Catherine and Boix Gargallo, J. and Bolmont, J. and Bonanno, G. and Bonardi, A. and Bonev, T. and Borkowski, Janett and Botner, O. and Bottani, A. and Bourgeat, M. and Boutonnet, C. and Bouvier, A. and Brau-Nogue, S. and Braun, I. and Bretz, T. and Briggs, M. S. and Brun, Pierre and Brunetti, L. and Buckley, H. and Bugaev, V. and Buehler, R. and Bulik, Tomasz and Busetto, G. and Buson, S. and Byrum, K. and Cailles, M. and Cameron, R. A. and Canestrari, R. and Cantu, S. and Carmona, E. and Carosi, A. and Carr, John and Carton, P. H. and Casiraghi, M. and Castarede, H. and Catalano, O. and Cavazzani, S. and Cazaux, S. and Cerruti, B. and Cerruti, M. and Chadwick, M. and Chiang, J. and Chikawa, M. and Cieslar, M. and Ciesielska, M. and Cillis, A. N. and Clerc, C. and Colin, P. and Colome, J. and Compin, M. and Conconi, P. and Connaughton, V. and Conrad, Jan and Contreras, J. L. and Coppi, P. and Corlier, M. and Corona, P. and Corpace, O. and Corti, D. and Cortina, J. and Costantini, H. and Cotter, G. and Courty, B. and Couturier, S. and Covino, S. and Croston, J. and Cusumano, G. and Daniel, M. K. and Dazzi, F. and Deangelis, A. and de Cea del Pozo, E. and Dal Pino, E. M. de Gouveia and de Jager, O. and de la Calle Perez, I. and De La Vega, G. and De Lotto, B. and de Naurois, M. and Wilhelmi, E. de Ona and de Souza, V. and Decerprit, B. and Deil, C. and Delagnes, E. and Deleglise, G. and Delgado, C. and Dettlaff, T. and Di Paolo, A. and Di Pierro, F. and Diaz, C. and Dick, J. and Dickinson, H. and Digel, S. W. and Dimitrov, D. and Disset, G. and Djannati-Ata{\"i}, A. and Doert, M. and Domainko, W. and Dorner, D. and Doro, M. and Dournaux, J. -L. and Dravins, D. and Drury, L. and Dubois, F. and Dubois, R. and Dubus, G. and Dufour, C. and Durand, D. and Dyks, J. and Dyrda, M. and Edy, E. and Egberts, Kathrin and Eleftheriadis, C. and Elles, S. and Emmanoulopoulos, D. and Enomoto, R. and Ernenwein, J. -P. and Errando, M. and Etchegoyen, A. and Falcone, A. D. and Farakos, K. and Farnier, C. and Federici, S. and Feinstein, F. and Ferenc, D. and Fillin-Martino, E. and Fink, D. and Finley, C. and Finley, J. P. and Firpo, R. and Florin, D. and Foehr, C. and Fokitis, E. and Font, Ll. and Fontaine, G. and Fontana, A. and Foerster, A. and Fortson, L. and Fouque, N. and Fransson, C. and Fraser, G. W. and Fresnillo, L. and Fruck, C. and Fujita, Y. and Fukazawa, Y. and Funk, S. and Gaebele, W. and Gabici, S. and Gadola, A. and Galante, N. and Gallant, Y. and Garcia, B. and Garcia Lopez, R. J. and Garrido, D. and Garrido, L. and Gascon, D. and Gasq, C. and Gaug, M. and Gaweda, J. and Geffroy, N. and Ghag, C. and Ghedina, A. and Ghigo, M. and Gianakaki, E. and Giarrusso, S. and Giavitto, G. and Giebels, B. and Giro, E. and Giubilato, P. and Glanzman, T. and Glicenstein, J. -F. and Gochna, M. and Golev, V. and Gomez Berisso, M. and Gonzalez, A. and Gonzalez, F. and Granena, F. and Graciani, R. and Granot, J. and Gredig, R. and Green, A. and Greenshaw, T. and Grimm, O. and Grube, J. and Grudzinska, M. and Grygorczuk, J. and Guarino, V. and Guglielmi, L. and Guilloux, F. and Gunji, S. and Gyuk, G. and Hadasch, D. and Haefner, D. and Hagiwara, R. and Hahn, J. and Hallgren, A. and Hara, S. and Hardcastle, M. J. and Hassan, T. and Haubold, T. and Hauser, M. and Hayashida, M. and Heller, R. and Henri, G. and Hermann, G. and Herrero, A. and Hinton, James Anthony and Hoffmann, D. and Hofmann, W. and Hofverberg, P. and Horns, D. and Hrupec, D. and Huan, H. and Huber, B. and Huet, J. -M. and Hughes, G. and Hultquist, K. and Humensky, T. B. and Huppert, J. -F. and Ibarra, A. and Illa, J. M. and Ingjald, J. and Inoue, S. and Inoue, Y. and Ioka, K. and Jablonski, C. and Jacholkowska, A. and Janiak, M. and Jean, P. and Jensen, H. and Jogler, T. and Jung, I. and Kaaret, P. and Kabuki, S. and Kakuwa, J. and Kalkuhl, C. and Kankanyan, R. and Kapala, M. and Karastergiou, A. and Karczewski, M. and Karkar, S. and Karlsson, N. and Kasperek, J. and Katagiri, H. and Katarzynski, K. and Kawanaka, N. and Kedziora, B. and Kendziorra, E. and Khelifi, B. and Kieda, D. and Kifune, T. and Kihm, T. and Klepser, S. and Kluzniak, W. and Knapp, J. and Knappy, A. R. and Kneiske, T. and Knoedlseder, J. and Koeck, F. and Kodani, K. and Kohri, K. and Kokkotas, K. and Komin, N. and Konopelko, A. and Kosack, K. and Kossakowski, R. and Kostka, P. and Kotula, J. and Kowal, G. and Koziol, J. and Kraehenbuehl, T. and Krause, J. and Krawczynski, H. and Krennrich, F. and Kretzschmann, A. and Kubo, H. and Kudryavtsev, V. A. and Kushida, J. and La Barbera, N. and La Parola, V. and La Rosa, G. and Lopez, A. and Lamanna, G. and Laporte, P. and Lavalley, C. and Le Flour, T. and Le Padellec, A. and Lenain, J. -P. and Lessio, L. and Lieunard, B. and Lindfors, E. and Liolios, A. and Lohse, T. and Lombardi, S. and Lopatin, A. and Lorenz, E. and Lubinski, P. and Luz, O. and Lyard, E. and Maccarone, M. C. and Maccarone, T. and Maier, G. and Majumdar, P. and Maltezos, S. and Malkiewicz, P. and Mana, C. and Manalaysay, A. and Maneva, G. and Mangano, A. and Manigot, P. and Marin, J. and Mariotti, M. and Markoff, S. and Martinez, G. and Martinez, M. and Mastichiadis, A. and Matsumoto, H. and Mattiazzo, S. and Mazin, D. and McComb, T. J. L. and McCubbin, N. and McHardy, I. and Medina, C. and Melkumyan, D. and Mendes, A. and Mertsch, P. and Meucci, M. and Michalowski, J. and Micolon, P. and Mineo, T. and Mirabal, N. and Mirabel, F. and Miranda, J. M. and Mirzoyan, R. and Mizuno, T. and Moal, B. and Moderski, R. and Molinari, E. and Monteiro, I. and Moralejo, A. and Morello, C. and Mori, K. and Motta, G. and Mottez, F. and Moulin, Emmanuel and Mukherjee, R. and Munar, P. and Muraishi, H. and Murase, K. and Murphy, A. Stj. and Nagataki, S. and Naito, T. and Nakamori, T. and Nakayama, K. and Naumann, C. L. and Naumann, D. and Nayman, P. and Nedbal, D. and Niedzwiecki, A. and Niemiec, J. and Nikolaidis, A. and Nishijima, K. and Nolan, S. J. and Nowak, N. and O'Brien, P. T. and Ochoa, I. and Ohira, Y. and Ohishi, M. and Ohka, H. and Okumura, A. and Olivetto, C. and Ong, R. A. and Orito, R. and Orr, M. and Osborne, J. P. and Ostrowski, M. and Otero, L. and Otte, A. N. and Ovcharov, E. and Oya, I. and Ozieblo, A. and Paiano, S. and Pallota, J. and Panazol, J. L. and Paneque, D. and Panter, M. and Paoletti, R. and Papyan, G. and Paredes, J. M. and Pareschi, G. and Parsons, R. D. and Arribas, M. Paz and Pedaletti, G. and Pepato, A. and Persic, M. and Petrucci, P. O. and Peyaud, B. and Piechocki, W. and Pita, S. and Pivato, G. and Platos, L. and Platzer, R. and Pogosyan, L. and Pohl, Martin and Pojmanski, G. and Ponz, J. D. and Potter, W. and Prandini, E. and Preece, R. and Prokoph, H. and Puehlhofer, G. and Punch, M. and Quel, E. and Quirrenbach, A. and Rajda, P. and Rando, R. and Rataj, M. and Raue, M. and Reimann, C. and Reimann, O. and Reimer, A. and Reimer, O. and Renaud, M. and Renner, S. and Reymond, J. -M. and Rhode, W. and Ribo, M. and Ribordy, M. and Rico, J. and Rieger, F. and Ringegni, P. and Ripken, J. and Ristori, P. and Rivoire, S. and Rob, L. and Rodriguez, S. and Roeser, U. and Romano, Patrizia and Romero, G. E. and Rosier-Lees, S. and Rovero, A. C. and Roy, F. and Royer, S. and Rudak, B. and Rulten, C. B. and Ruppel, J. and Russo, F. and Ryde, F. and Sacco, B. and Saggion, A. and Sahakian, V. and Saito, K. and Saito, T. and Sakaki, N. and Salazar, E. and Salini, A. and Sanchez, F. and Sanchez Conde, M. A. and Santangelo, A. and Santos, E. M. and Sanuy, A. and Sapozhnikov, L. and Sarkar, S. and Scalzotto, V. and Scapin, V. and Scarcioffolo, M. and Schanz, T. and Schlenstedt, S. and Schlickeiser, R. and Schmidt, T. and Schmoll, J. and Schroedter, M. and Schultz, C. and Schultze, J. and Schulz, A. and Schwanke, U. and Schwarzburg, S. and Schweizer, T. and Seiradakis, J. and Selmane, S. and Seweryn, K. and Shayduk, M. and Shellard, R. C. and Shibata, T. and Sikora, M. and Silk, J. and Sillanpaa, A. and Sitarek, J. and Skole, C. and Smith, N. and Sobczynska, D. and Sofo Haro, M. and Sol, H. and Spanier, F. and Spiga, D. and Spyrou, S. and Stamatescu, V. and Stamerra, A. and Starling, R. L. C. and Stawarz, L. and Steenkamp, R. and Stegmann, Christian and Steiner, S. and Stergioulas, N. and Sternberger, R. and Stinzing, F. and Stodulski, M. and Straumann, U. and Suarez, A. and Suchenek, M. and Sugawara, R. and Sulanke, K. H. and Sun, S. and Supanitsky, A. D. and Sutcliffe, P. and Szanecki, M. and Szepieniec, T. and Szostek, A. and Szymkowiak, A. and Tagliaferri, G. and Tajima, H. and Takahashi, H. and Takahashi, K. and Takalo, L. and Takami, H. and Talbot, R. G. and Tam, P. H. and Tanaka, M. and Tanimori, T. and Tavani, M. and Tavernet, J. -P. and Tchernin, C. and Tejedor, L. A. and Telezhinsky, Igor O. and Temnikov, P. and Tenzer, C. and Terada, Y. and Terrier, R. and Teshima, M. and Testa, V. and Tibaldo, L. and Tibolla, O. and Tluczykont, M. and Peixoto, C. J. Todero and Tokanai, F. and Tokarz, M. and Toma, K. and Torres, D. F. and Tosti, G. and Totani, T. and Toussenel, F. and Vallania, P. and Vallejo, G. and van der Walt, J. and van Eldik, C. and Vandenbroucke, J. and Vankov, H. and Vasileiadis, G. and Vassiliev, V. V. and Vegas, I. and Venter, L. and Vercellone, S. and Veyssiere, C. and Vialle, J. P. and Videla, M. and Vincent, P. and Vink, J. and Vlahakis, N. and Vlahos, L. and Vogler, P. and Vollhardt, A. and Volpe, F. and Von Gunten, H. P. and Vorobiov, S. and Wagner, S. and Wagner, R. M. and Wagner, B. and Wakely, S. P. and Walter, P. and Walter, R. and Warwick, R. and Wawer, P. and Wawrzaszek, R. and Webb, N. and Wegner, P. and Weinstein, A. and Weitzel, Q. and Welsing, R. and Wetteskind, H. and White, R. and Wierzcholska, A. and Wilkinson, M. I. and Williams, D. A. and Winde, M. and Wischnewski, R. and Wisniewski, L. and Wolczko, A. and Wood, M. and Xiong, Q. and Yamamoto, T. and Yamaoka, K. and Yamazaki, R. and Yanagita, S. and Yoffo, B. and Yonetani, M. and Yoshida, A. and Yoshida, T. and Yoshikoshi, T. and Zabalza, V. and Zagdanski, A. and Zajczyk, A. and Zdziarski, A. and Zech, Alraune and Zietara, K. and Ziolkowski, P. and Zitelli, V. and Zychowski, P.},
  title     = {Design concepts for the Cherenkov Telescope Array CTA an advanced facility for ground-based high-energy gamma-ray astronomy},
  series = {Experimental astronomy : an international journal on astronomical instrumentation and data analysis},
  volume    = {32},
  journal   = {Experimental astronomy : an international journal on astronomical instrumentation and data analysis},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Dordrecht},
  organization    = {CTA Consortium},
  issn      = {0922-6435},
  doi       = {10.1007/s10686-011-9247-0},
  pages     = {193 -- 316},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has had a major breakthrough with the impressive results obtained using systems of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has a huge potential in astrophysics, particle physics and cosmology. CTA is an international initiative to build the next generation instrument, with a factor of 5-10 improvement in sensitivity in the 100 GeV-10 TeV range and the extension to energies well below 100 GeV and above 100 TeV. CTA will consist of two arrays (one in the north, one in the south) for full sky coverage and will be operated as open observatory. The design of CTA is based on currently available technology. This document reports on the status and presents the major design concepts of CTA.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AceroAloisioAmansetal.2017,
  author    = {Acero, F. and Aloisio, R. and Amans, J. and Amato, Elena and Antonelli, L. A. and Aramo, C. and Armstrong, T. and Arqueros, F. and Asano, Katsuaki and Ashley, M. and Backes, M. and Balazs, C. and Balzer, A. and Bamba, Aya and Barkov, Maxim and Barrio, J. A. and Benbow, Wystan and Bernloehr, K. and Beshley, V. and Bigongiari, C. and Biland, A. and Bilinsky, A. and Bissaldi, Elisabetta and Biteau, J. and Blanch, O. and Blasi, P. and Blazek, J. and Boisson, C. and Bonanno, G. and Bonardi, A. and Bonavolonta, C. and Bonnoli, G. and Braiding, C. and Brau-Nogue, S. and Bregeon, J. and Brown, A. M. and Bugaev, V. and Bulgarelli, A. and Bulik, T. and Burton, Michael and Burtovoi, A. and Busetto, G. and Bottcher, M. and Cameron, R. and Capalbi, M. and Caproni, Anderson and Caraveo, P. and Carosi, R. and Cascone, E. and Cerruti, M. and Chaty, Sylvain and Chen, A. and Chen, X. and Chernyakova, M. and Chikawa, M. and Chudoba, J. and Cohen-Tanugi, J. and Colafrancesco, S. and Conforti, V. and Contreras, J. L. and Costa, A. and Cotter, G. and Covino, Stefano and Covone, G. and Cumani, P. and Cusumano, G. and Daniel, M. and Dazzi, F. and De Angelis, A. and De Cesare, G. and De Franco, A. and De Frondat, F. and Dal Pino, E. M. de Gouveia and De Lisio, C. and Lopez, R. de los Reyes and De Lotto, B. and de Naurois, M. and De Palma, F. and Del Santo, M. and Delgado, C. and della Volpe, D. and Di Girolamo, T. and Di Giulio, C. and Di Pierro, F. and Di Venere, L. and Doro, M. and Dournaux, J. and Dumas, D. and Dwarkadas, Vikram V. and Diaz, C. and Ebr, J. and Egberts, Kathrin and Einecke, S. and Elsaesser, D. and Eschbach, S. and Falceta-Goncalves, D. and Fasola, G. and Fedorova, E. and Fernandez-Barral, A. and Ferrand, Gilles and Fesquet, M. and Fiandrini, E. and Fiasson, A. and Filipovic, Miroslav D. and Fioretti, V. and Font, L. and Fontaine, Gilles and Franco, F. J. and Freixas Coromina, L. and Fujita, Yutaka and Fukui, Y. and Funk, S. and Forster, A. and Gadola, A. and Lopez, R. Garcia and Garczarczyk, M. and Giglietto, N. and Giordano, F. and Giuliani, A. and Glicenstein, J. and Gnatyk, R. and Goldoni, P. and Grabarczyk, T. and Graciani, R. and Graham, J. and Grandi, P. and Granot, Jonathan and Green, A. J. and Griffiths, S. and Gunji, S. and Hakobyan, H. and Hara, S. and Hassan, T. and Hayashida, M. and Heller, M. and Helo, J. C. and Hinton, J. and Hnatyk, B. and Huet, J. and Huetten, M. and Humensky, T. B. and Hussein, M. and Horandel, J. and Ikeno, Y. and Inada, T. and Inome, Y. and Inoue, S. and Inoue, T. and Inoue, Y. and Ioka, K. and Iori, Maurizio and Jacquemier, J. and Janecek, P. and Jankowsky, D. and Jung, I. and Kaaret, P. and Katagiri, H. and Kimeswenger, S. and Kimura, Shigeo S. and Knodlseder, J. and Koch, B. and Kocot, J. and Kohri, K. and Komin, N. and Konno, Y. and Kosack, K. and Koyama, S. and Kraus, Michaela and Kubo, Hidetoshi and Mezek, G. Kukec and Kushida, J. and La Palombara, N. and Lalik, K. and Lamanna, G. and Landt, H. and Lapington, J. and Laporte, P. and Lee, S. and Lees, J. and Lefaucheur, J. and Lenain, J. -P. and Leto, Giuseppe and Lindfors, E. and Lohse, T. and Lombardi, S. and Longo, F. and Lopez, M. and Lucarelli, F. and Luque-Escamilla, Pedro Luis and Lopez-Coto, R. and Maccarone, M. C. and Maier, G. and Malaguti, G. and Mandat, D. and Maneva, G. and Mangano, S. and Marcowith, Alexandre and Marti, J. and Martinez, M. and Martinez, G. and Masuda, S. and Maurin, G. and Maxted, N. and Melioli, Claudio and Mineo, T. and Mirabal, N. and Mizuno, T. and Moderski, R. and Mohammed, M. and Montaruli, T. and Moralejo, A. and Mori, K. and Morlino, G. and Morselli, A. and Moulin, Emmanuel and Mukherjee, R. and Mundell, C. and Muraishi, H. and Murase, Kohta and Nagataki, Shigehiro and Nagayoshi, T. and Naito, T. and Nakajima, D. and Nakamori, T. and Nemmen, R. and Niemiec, Jacek and Nieto, D. and Nievas-Rosillo, M. and Nikolajuk, M. and Nishijima, K. and Noda, K. and Nogues, L. and Nosek, D. and Novosyadlyj, B. and Nozaki, S. and Ohira, Yutaka and Ohishi, M. and Ohm, S. and Okumura, A. and Ong, R. A. and Orito, R. and Orlati, A. and Ostrowski, M. and Oya, I. and Padovani, Marco and Palacio, J. and Palatka, M. and Paredes, Josep M. and Pavy, S. and Persic, M. and Petrucci, P. and Petruk, Oleh and Pisarski, A. and Pohl, Martin and Porcelli, A. and Prandini, E. and Prast, J. and Principe, G. and Prouza, M. and Pueschel, Elisa and Puelhofer, G. and Quirrenbach, A. and Rameez, M. and Reimer, O. and Renaud, M. and Ribo, M. and Rico, J. and Rizi, V. and Rodriguez, J. and Fernandez, G. Rodriguez and Rodriguez Vazquez, J. J. and Romano, Patrizia and Romeo, G. and Rosado, J. and Rousselle, J. and Rowell, G. and Rudak, B. and Sadeh, I. and Safi-Harb, S. and Saito, T. and Sakaki, N. and Sanchez, D. and Sangiorgi, P. and Sano, H. and Santander, M. and Sarkar, S. and Sawada, M. and Schioppa, E. J. and Schoorlemmer, H. and Schovanek, P. and Schussler, F. and Sergijenko, O. and Servillat, M. and Shalchi, A. and Shellard, R. C. and Siejkowski, H. and Sillanpaa, A. and Simone, D. and Sliusar, V. and Sol, H. and Stanic, S. and Starling, R. and Stawarz, L. and Stefanik, S. and Stephan, M. and Stolarczyk, T. and Szanecki, M. and Szepieniec, T. and Tagliaferri, G. and Tajima, H. and Takahashi, M. and Takeda, J. and Tanaka, M. and Tanaka, S. and Tejedor, L. A. and Telezhinsky, Igor O. and Temnikov, P. and Terada, Y. and Tescaro, D. and Teshima, M. and Testa, V. and Thoudam, S. and Tokanai, F. and Torres, D. F. and Torresi, E. and Tosti, G. and Townsley, C. and Travnicek, P. and Trichard, C. and Trifoglio, M. and Tsujimoto, S. and Vagelli, V. and Vallania, P. and Valore, L. and van Driel, W. and van Eldik, C. and Vandenbroucke, Justin and Vassiliev, V. and Vecchi, M. and Vercellone, Stefano and Vergani, S. and Vigorito, C. and Vorobiov, S. and Vrastil, M. and Vazquez Acosta, M. L. and Wagner, S. J. and Wagner, R. and Wakely, S. P. and Walter, R. and Ward, J. E. and Watson, J. J. and Weinstein, A. and White, M. and White, R. and Wierzcholska, A. and Wilcox, P. and Williams, D. A. and Wischnewski, R. and Wojcik, P. and Yamamoto, T. and Yamamoto, H. and Yamazaki, Ryo and Yanagita, S. and Yang, L. and Yoshida, T. and Yoshida, M. and Yoshiike, S. and Yoshikoshi, T. and Zacharias, M. and Zampieri, L. and Zanin, R. and Zavrtanik, M. and Zavrtanik, D. and Zdziarski, A. and Zech, Alraune and Zechlin, Hannes and Zhdanov, V. and Ziegler, A. and Zorn, J.},
  title     = {Prospects for Cherenkov Telescope Array Observations of the Young Supernova Remnant RX J1713.7-3946},
  series = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics},
  volume    = {840},
  journal   = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.},
  address   = {Bristol},
  issn      = {0004-637X},
  doi       = {10.3847/1538-4357/aa6d67},
  pages     = {14},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {We perform simulations for future Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) observations of RX J1713.7-3946, a young supernova remnant (SNR) and one of the brightest sources ever discovered in very high energy (VHE) gamma rays. Special attention is paid to exploring possible spatial (anti) correlations of gamma rays with emission at other wavelengths, in particular X-rays and CO/H I emission. We present a series of simulated images of RX J1713.7-3946 for CTA based on a set of observationally motivated models for the gamma-ray emission. In these models, VHE gamma rays produced by high-energy electrons are assumed to trace the nonthermal X-ray emission observed by XMM-Newton, whereas those originating from relativistic protons delineate the local gas distributions. The local atomic and molecular gas distributions are deduced by the NANTEN team from CO and H I observations. Our primary goal is to show how one can distinguish the emission mechanism(s) of the gamma rays (i.e., hadronic versus leptonic, or a mixture of the two) through information provided by their spatial distribution, spectra, and time variation. This work is the first attempt to quantitatively evaluate the capabilities of CTA to achieve various proposed scientific goals by observing this important cosmic particle accelerator.},
  language  = {en}
}