@article{KofodMcCarthyKrissleretal.2009,
  author    = {Kofod, Guggi and Mc Carthy, Denis N. and Krissler, Jan and Lang, G{\"u}nter and Jordan, Grace},
  title     = {Electroelastic optical fiber positioning with submicrometer accuracy : model and experiment},
  issn      = {0003-6951},
  doi       = {10.1063/1.3134002},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {We present accurate electromechanical measurements on a balanced push-pull dielectric elastomer actuator, demonstrating submicrometer accurate position control. An analytical model based on a simplified pure-shear dielectric elastomer film with prestretch is found to capture the voltage-displacement behavior, with reduced output due to the boundary conditions. Two complementary experiments show that actuation coefficients of 0.5-1 nm/V-2 are obtainable with the demonstrated device, enabling motion control with submicrometer accuracy in a voltage range below 200 V.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{JordanMcCarthySchleppleetal.2011,
  author    = {Jordan, Grace and McCarthy, Denis N. and Schlepple, N. and Krissler, Jan and Schroeder, H. and Kofod, Guggi},
  title     = {Actuated micro-optical submount using a dielectric elastomer actuator},
  series = {IEEE ASME transactions on mechatronics},
  volume    = {16},
  journal   = {IEEE ASME transactions on mechatronics},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Inst. of Electr. and Electronics Engineers},
  address   = {Piscataway},
  issn      = {1083-4435},
  doi       = {10.1109/TMECH.2010.2089991},
  pages     = {98 -- 102},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {Analysis of the operating characteristics of a dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) submount for the high-precision positioning of optical components in one dimension is presented. Precise alignment of a single-mode fiber is demonstrated and variation of the sensitivity of the submount motion by changing the bias voltage is confirmed. A comparison of the performance of the DEA submount with a piezoelectric alignment stage is made, which demonstrates that DEAs could present a very attractive, low-cost alternative to currently used manual technologies in overcoming the hurdle of expensive packaging of single-mode optical components.},
  language  = {en}
}