@misc{Hassler2021, author = {Haßler, Gerda}, title = {Ein goldenes Jahrhundert der vergleichenden Sprachwissenschaft in Deutschland und sein Prolog}, series = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Geschichte der Sprachwissenschaft}, volume = {31}, journal = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Geschichte der Sprachwissenschaft}, number = {1}, pages = {129 -- 164}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @article{Hassler2013, author = {Haßler, Gerda}, title = {La vision linguistique du monde : mythe et r{\´e}alit{\´e} de l'utilisation d'une notion humboldtienne au XXe si{\`e}cle}, series = {Dossiers d'HEL ; SHESL}, journal = {Dossiers d'HEL ; SHESL}, number = {6}, address = {Paris}, issn = {1638-1580}, pages = {7}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Les repr{\´e}sentants du relativisme linguistique du XX{\`e}me si{\`e}cle qui se r{\´e}clament de l'histoire de leur th{\´e}orie mentionnent normalement Guillaume de Humboldt comme initiateur de l'id{\´e}e que la mani{\`e}re particuli{\`e}re de penser d'un peuple d{\´e}pendrait de sa langue. La th{\´e}orie de Humboldt s'av{\`e}re, cependant, difficilement maniable dans la recherche linguistique. Malgr{\´e} une similitude {\´e}vidente dans certaines positions, comme par exemple les concepts d''articulation' et de 'valeur', le renouvellement de la linguistique sur une base saussurienne, au d{\´e}but du XX{\`e}me si{\`e}cle, se passait des id{\´e}es de Humboldt. Il n'y avait que quelques philologues 'id{\´e}alistes' qui poursuivaient ce type de recherche. Ainsi, Karl Vossler constatait un parall{\´e}lisme entre la langue et la culture et les consid{\´e}rait comme r{\´e}sultats de la cr{\´e}ation humaine. Le m{\´e}contentement quant {\`a} la description des langues selon le paradigme positiviste des n{\´e}ogrammairiens s'articulait nettement. Le concept d'une vision linguistique du monde fut d{\´e}velopp{\´e} dans la th{\´e}orie des n{\´e}ohumboldtiens (Weisgerber, Trier et autres) qui affirmaient que l'individu s'approprie le monde {\`a} travers la langue. Des diff{\´e}rences entre des langues influeraient consid{\´e}rablement sur les facult{\´e}s cognitives des hommes et sur leur comportement. L'id{\´e}e humboldtienne de l'energeia se trouvait exclue de ces th{\´e}ories qui aspiraient {\`a} un renouvellement de la langue maternelle dans le sens d'une 'grammaire {\`a} partir du contenu' (inhaltbezogene Grammatik). Ce type de r{\´e}flexion linguistique se pr{\^e}tait aussi {\`a} une utilisation politique sous le national-socialisme. La th{\´e}orie de Weisgerber, d{\´e}clar{\´e}e comme antiraciste et anti-national-socialiste par l'auteur lui-m{\^e}me, fut consid{\´e}r{\´e}e comme « mother-tongue fascism » par Christopher Hutton. La relation entre le relativisme linguistique et la doctrine nationale-socialiste est {\´e}vidente dans les {\´e}crits de plusieurs auteurs, par exemple dans « notre langue maternelle comme arme et instrument de la pens{\´e}e allemande » de Georg Schmidt-Rohr. Il y eut des implications racistes de la th{\´e}orie de quelques indo-germanistes bien avant 1933. L'influence des n{\´e}ohumboldtiens s'est poursuivie jusqu'aux ann{\´e}es 60, {\´e}poque o{\`u} ils durent faire place {\`a} des linguistes structuralistes et g{\´e}n{\´e}rativistes. On trouve dans quelques v{\´e}rifications plus r{\´e}centes du relativisme linguistique des r{\´e}f{\´e}rences {\`a} des textes ant{\´e}rieurs {\`a} Humboldt. Par exemple, Gumperz et Levison (1996) citent le concours de l'Acad{\´e}mie de Berlin sur la question suivante : Quelle est l'influence r{\´e}ciproque des opinions du peuple sur le langage et du langage sur les opinions? Est-ce que cet {\´e}largissement de l'horizon de r{\´e}trospection a quelque chose {\`a} voir avec la conscience d'une port{\´e}e sociale possible de cette th{\´e}orie ?}, language = {fr} } @book{Hassler2021, author = {Haßler, Gerda}, title = {Contactos lingu{\´i}sticos na sequ{\^e}ncia da expans{\~a}o portuguesa}, series = {Iberolinguistica ; Band 5}, journal = {Iberolinguistica ; Band 5}, editor = {Haßler, Gerda and Sch{\"a}fer-Prieß, Barbara}, publisher = {Peter Lang}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-631-80722-4}, pages = {220}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Como povo mar{\´i}timo que no s{\´e}culo XV iniciou a expans{\~a}o atl{\^a}ntica europeia, os portugueses entraram cedo em contacto com muitas culturas e l{\´i}nguas diferentes. O contacto entre as l{\´i}nguas fez surgir varia{\c{c}}{\~o}es, o que atualmente se traduz numa polifonia no espa{\c{c}}o lingu{\´i}stico lus{\´o}fono e em cujo desenvolvimento ocorreram v{\´a}rios processos de transforma{\c{c}}{\~a}o.}, language = {pt} } @incollection{Hassler2021, author = {Haßler, Gerda}, title = {A polifonia na fala prof{\´e}tica parodiada e na mudan{\c{c}}a de perspetiva}, series = {Contactos lingu{\´i}sticos na sequ{\^e}ncia da expans{\~a}o portuguesa}, booktitle = {Contactos lingu{\´i}sticos na sequ{\^e}ncia da expans{\~a}o portuguesa}, publisher = {Lang}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-631-80722-4}, pages = {205 -- 220}, year = {2021}, language = {pt} } @incollection{Hassler2021, author = {Haßler, Gerda}, title = {Die Konzepte ‛brevitas' und ‛prolixitas' in der franz{\"o}sischen Encyclop{\´e}die}, series = {Brevitas \& Prolixitas}, booktitle = {Brevitas \& Prolixitas}, publisher = {Nodus Publikationen}, address = {M{\"u}nster}, isbn = {978-3-89323-817-0}, pages = {55 -- 68}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @incollection{Hassler2021, author = {Haßler, Gerda}, title = {M{\"o}glichkeiten und Grenzen der Konstruktionsgrammatik am Beispiel der Erkl{\"a}rung der Polysemie}, series = {Konstruktionsgrammatische Zug{\"a}nge zu romanischen Sprachen}, booktitle = {Konstruktionsgrammatische Zug{\"a}nge zu romanischen Sprachen}, publisher = {Frank \& Timme}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-7329-0741-0}, pages = {335 -- 365}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @incollection{Hassler2018, author = {Haßler, Gerda}, title = {History of european vernacular grammar writing}, series = {Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics}, booktitle = {Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics}, editor = {Aronoff, Mark and Abbi, Anvita}, publisher = {Oxford University}, address = {New York}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The grammatization of European vernacular languages began in the Late Middle Ages and Renaissance and continued up until the end of the 18th century. Through this process, grammars were written for the vernaculars and, as a result, the vernaculars were able to establish themselves in important areas of communication. Vernacular grammars largely followed the example of those written for Latin, using Latin descriptive categories without fully adapting them to the vernaculars. In accord with the Greco-Latin tradition, the grammars typically contain sections on orthography, prosody, morphology, and syntax, with the most space devoted to the treatment of word classes in the section on "etymology." The earliest grammars of vernaculars had two main goals: on the one hand, making the languages described accessible to non-native speakers, and on the other, supporting the learning of Latin grammar by teaching the grammar of speakers' native languages. Initially, it was considered unnecessary to engage with the grammar of native languages for their own sake, since they were thought to be acquired spontaneously. Only gradually did a need for normative grammars develop which sought to codify languages. This development relied on an awareness of the value of vernaculars that attributed a certain degree of perfection to them. Grammars of indigenous languages in colonized areas were based on those of European languages and today offer information about the early state of those languages, and are indeed sometimes the only sources for now extinct languages. Grammars of vernaculars came into being in the contrasting contexts of general grammar and the grammars of individual languages, between grammar as science and as art and between description and standardization. In the standardization of languages, the guiding principle could either be that of anomaly, which took a particular variety of a language as the basis of the description, or that of analogy, which permitted interventions into a language aimed at making it more uniform.}, language = {en} } @misc{Hassler2015, author = {Haßler, Gerda}, title = {Evidentiality and the expression of speaker's stance in Romance languages and German}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe}, number = {138}, issn = {1866-8380}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-404492}, pages = {28}, year = {2015}, abstract = {In recent years, the category of evidentiality has also come into use for the description of Romance languages and of German. This has been contingent on a change in its interpretation from a typological category to a semantic-pragmatic category, which allows an application to languages lacking specialised morphemes for the expression of evidentiality. We consider evidentiality to be a structural dimension of grammar, the values of which are expressed by types of constructions that code the source of information which a speaker imparts. If we look at the situation in Romance languages and in German, drawing a boundary between epistemic modality and evidentiality presents problems that are difficult to solve. Adding markers of the source of the speaker's knowledge often limits the degree of responsibility of the speaker for the content of the utterance. Evidential adverbs are a frequently used means of marking the source of the speaker's knowledge. The evidential meaning is generalised to marking any source of knowledge, what can be regarded as a result of a process of pragmaticalisation. The use of certain means which also carry out evidential markings can even contribute to the blurring of the different kinds of evidentiality. German also has modal verbs which in conjunction with the perfect tense of the verb have a predominantly evidential use (sollen and wollen). But even here the evidential marking is not without influence on the modality of the utterance. The Romance languages, however, do not have such specialised verbs for expressing evidentiality in certain contexts. To do this, they mark evidentiality - often context bound - by verb forms such as the conditional and the imperfect tense. This article shall contrast the different architectures used in expressing evidentiality in German and in the Romance languages.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Hassler2014, author = {Haßler, Gerda}, title = {La traducci{\´o}n de la obra del Tratado elemental de Qu{\´i}mica de Lavoisier y el di{\´a}logo entre la filosof{\´i}a y la ciencia}, series = {La ciencia como di{\´a}logo entre teor{\´i}as, textos y lenguas}, booktitle = {La ciencia como di{\´a}logo entre teor{\´i}as, textos y lenguas}, publisher = {Frank \& Timme}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-7329-0130-2}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {109 -- 125}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The Trait{\´e} {\´e}l{\´e}mentaire de chimie (1789) is considered to be the first modern chemistry text. After the author, Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier (1743 - 1794), had defined the element as a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler entities, he introduced the method of chemical terminology in which he represented the elements in a more practical way as symbols. The translator Juan Manuel Mun{\´a}rriz followed the author in his conviction that it is impossible to separate the nomenclature from science for three reasons: the scientific facts, the ideas representing them, and the words that express the ideas.}, language = {es} }