@misc{AraziAsadiKhalkhalietal.2020, author = {Arazi, Hamid and Asadi, Abbas and Khalkhali, Farhood and Boullosa, Daniel and Hackney, Anthony C. and Granacher, Urs and Zouhal, Hassane}, title = {Association Between the Acute to Chronic Workload Ratio and Injury Occurrence in Young Male Team Soccer Players}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {666}, issn = {1866-8364}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-48233}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-482330}, pages = {9}, year = {2020}, abstract = {This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the acute to chronic workload ratio (ACWR), based upon participant session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), using two models [(1) rolling averages (ACWRRA); and (2) exponentially weighted moving averages (ACWREWMA)] and the injury rate in young male team soccer players aged 17.1 ± 0.7 years during a competitive mesocycle. Twenty-two players were enrolled in this study and performed four training sessions per week with 2 days of recovery and 1 match day per week. During each training session and each weekly match, training time and sRPE were recorded. In addition, training impulse (TRIMP), monotony, and strain were subsequently calculated. The rate of injury was recorded for each soccer player over a period of 4 weeks (i.e., 28 days) using a daily questionnaire. The results showed that over the course of the study, the number of non-contact injuries was significantly higher than that for contact injuries (2.5 vs. 0.5, p = 0.01). There were also significant positive correlations between sRPE and training time (r = 0.411, p = 0.039), ACWRRA (r = 0.47, p = 0.049), and ACWREWMA (r = 0.51, p = 0.038). In addition, small-to-medium correlations were detected between ACWR and non-contact injury occurrence (ACWRRA, r = 0.31, p = 0.05; ACWREWMA, r = 0.53, p = 0.03). Explained variance (r 2) for non-contact injury was significantly greater using the ACWREWMA model (ranging between 21 and 52\%) compared with ACWRRA (ranging between 17 and 39\%). In conclusion, the results of this study showed that the ACWREWMA model is more sensitive than ACWRRA to identify non-contact injury occurrence in male team soccer players during a short period in the competitive season.}, language = {en} } @misc{AraziAsadiKhalkhalietal.2020, author = {Arazi, Hamid and Asadi, Abbas and Khalkhali, Farhood and Boullosa, Daniel and Hackney, Anthony C. and Granacher, Urs and Zouhal, Hassane}, title = {Association Between the Acute to Chronic Workload Ratio and Injury Occurrence in Young Male Team Soccer Players}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {644}, issn = {1866-8364}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-47296}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472961}, pages = {9}, year = {2020}, abstract = {This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the acute to chronic workload ratio (ACWR), based upon participant session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), using two models [(1) rolling averages (ACWRRA); and (2) exponentially weighted moving averages (ACWREWMA)] and the injury rate in young male team soccer players aged 17.1 ± 0.7 years during a competitive mesocycle. Twenty-two players were enrolled in this study and performed four training sessions per week with 2 days of recovery and 1 match day per week. During each training session and each weekly match, training time and sRPE were recorded. In addition, training impulse (TRIMP), monotony, and strain were subsequently calculated. The rate of injury was recorded for each soccer player over a period of 4 weeks (i.e., 28 days) using a daily questionnaire. The results showed that over the course of the study, the number of non-contact injuries was significantly higher than that for contact injuries (2.5 vs. 0.5, p = 0.01). There were also significant positive correlations between sRPE and training time (r = 0.411, p = 0.039), ACWRRA (r = 0.47, p = 0.049), and ACWREWMA (r = 0.51, p = 0.038). In addition, small-to-medium correlations were detected between ACWR and non-contact injury occurrence (ACWRRA, r = 0.31, p = 0.05; ACWREWMA, r = 0.53, p = 0.03). Explained variance (r²) for non-contact injury was significantly greater using the ACWREWMA model (ranging between 21 and 52\%) compared with ACWRRA (ranging between 17 and 39\%). In conclusion, the results of this study showed that the ACWREWMA model is more sensitive than ACWRRA to identify non-contact injury occurrence in male team soccer players during a short period in the competitive season.}, language = {en} } @article{AichLierschVetteretal.2015, author = {Aich, Valentin and Liersch, Stefan and Vetter, Tobias and Andersson, Jafet C. M. and M{\"u}ller, Eva Nora and Hattermann, Fred}, title = {Climate or Land Use?}, series = {Water}, volume = {7}, journal = {Water}, number = {6}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2073-4441}, doi = {10.3390/w7062796}, pages = {2796 -- 2820}, year = {2015}, abstract = {This study intends to contribute to the ongoing discussion on whether land use and land cover changes (LULC) or climate trends have the major influence on the observed increase of flood magnitudes in the Sahel. A simulation-based approach is used for attributing the observed trends to the postulated drivers. For this purpose, the ecohydrological model SWIM (Soil and Water Integrated Model) with a new, dynamic LULC module was set up for the Sahelian part of the Niger River until Niamey, including the main tributaries Sirba and Goroul. The model was driven with observed, reanalyzed climate and LULC data for the years 1950-2009. In order to quantify the shares of influence, one simulation was carried out with constant land cover as of 1950, and one including LULC. As quantitative measure, the gradients of the simulated trends were compared to the observed trend. The modeling studies showed that for the Sirba River only the simulation which included LULC was able to reproduce the observed trend. The simulation without LULC showed a positive trend for flood magnitudes, but underestimated the trend significantly. For the Goroul River and the local flood of the Niger River at Niamey, the simulations were only partly able to reproduce the observed trend. In conclusion, the new LULC module enabled some first quantitative insights into the relative influence of LULC and climatic changes. For the Sirba catchment, the results imply that LULC and climatic changes contribute in roughly equal shares to the observed increase in flooding. For the other parts of the subcatchment, the results are less clear but show, that climatic changes and LULC are drivers for the flood increase; however their shares cannot be quantified. Based on these modeling results, we argue for a two-pillar adaptation strategy to reduce current and future flood risk: Flood mitigation for reducing LULC-induced flood increase, and flood adaptation for a general reduction of flood vulnerability.}, language = {en} } @article{SariatiHammamiZouhaletal.2021, author = {Sariati, Dorsaf and Hammami, Raouf and Zouhal, Hassane and Clark, Cain Craig Truman and Nebigh, Ammar and Chtara, Moktar and Chortane, Sabri Gaied and Hackney, Anthony C. and Souissi, Nizar and Granacher, Urs and Ben Ounis, Omar}, title = {Improvement of Physical Performance Following a 6 Week Change-of-Direction Training Program in Elite Youth Soccer Players of Different Maturity Levels}, series = {Frontiers in physiology}, volume = {12}, journal = {Frontiers in physiology}, editor = {Trecroci, Athos}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne, Schweiz}, issn = {1664-042X}, doi = {10.3389/fphys.2021.668437}, pages = {1 -- 8}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Background: Change-of-direction (CoD) is a necessary physical ability of a field sport and may vary in youth players according to their maturation status. Objectives: The aim of this study is: to compare the effectiveness of a 6-week CoD training intervention on dynamic balance (CS-YBT), horizontal jump (5JT), speed (10 and 30-m linear sprint times), CoD with (15 m-CoD + B) and without (15 m-CoD) the ball, in youth male soccer players at different levels of maturity [pre- and post-peak height velocity (PHV)]. Materials and Methods: Thirty elite male youth soccer players aged 10-17 years from the Tunisian first division participated in this study. The players were divided into pre- (G1, n = 15) and post-PHV (G2, n = 15) groups. Both groups completed a similar 6-week training program with two sessions per week of four CoD exercises. All players completed the following tests before and after intervention: CS-YBT; 5 JT; 10, 30, and 15 m-CoD; and 15 m-CoD + B, and data were analyzed using ANCOVA. Results: All 30 players completed the study according to the study design and methodology. Adherence rate was 100\% across all groups, and no training or test-related injuries were reported. Pre-PHV and post-PHV groups showed significant amelioration post-intervention for all dependent variables (after test > before test; p < 0.01, d = 0.09-1.51). ANOVA revealed a significant group × time interaction only for CS-YBT (F = 4.45; p < 0.04; η2 = 0.14), 5JT (F = 6.39; p < 0.02; η2 = 0.18), and 15 m-CoD (F = 7.88; p < 0.01; η2 = 0.22). CS-YBT, 5JT, and 15 m-CoD improved significantly in the post-PHV group (+ 4.56\%, effect size = 1.51; + 4.51\%, effect size = 1.05; and -3.08\%, effect size = 0.51, respectively), more than the pre-PHV group (+ 2.77\%, effect size = 0.85; + 2.91\%, effect size = 0.54; and -1.56\%, effect size = 0.20, respectively). Conclusion: The CoD training program improved balance, horizontal jump, and CoD without the ball in male preadolescent and adolescent soccer players, and this improvement was greater in the post-PHV players. The maturity status of the athletes should be considered when programming CoD training for soccer players.}, language = {en} } @misc{AlouiTayechArbiMejrietal.2022, author = {Aloui, Ali and Tayech, Amel and Arbi Mejri, Mohamed and Makhlouf, Issam and Clark, Cain C. T. and Granacher, Urs and Zouhal, Hassane and Ben Abderrahman, Abderraouf}, title = {Reliability and Validity of a New Taekwondo-Specific Change-of-Direction Speed Test With Striking Techniques in Elite Taekwondo Athletes: A Pilot Study}, series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1866-8364}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-56319}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-563192}, pages = {1 -- 15}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The purpose of this study was to examine the test-retest reliability, and convergent and discriminative validity of a new taekwondo-specific change-of-direction (COD) speed test with striking techniques (TST) in elite taekwondo athletes. Twenty (10 males and 10 females) elite (athletes who compete at national level) and top-elite (athletes who compete at national and international level) taekwondo athletes with an average training background of 8.9 ± 1.3 years of systematic taekwondo training participated in this study. During the two-week test-retest period, various generic performance tests measuring COD speed, balance, speed, and jump performance were carried out during the first week and as a retest during the second week. Three TST trials were conducted with each athlete and the best trial was used for further analyses. The relevant performance measure derived from the TST was the time with striking penalty (TST-TSP). TST-TSP performances amounted to 10.57 ± 1.08 s for males and 11.74 ± 1.34 s for females. The reliability analysis of the TST performance was conducted after logarithmic transformation, in order to address the problem of heteroscedasticity. In both groups, the TST demonstrated a high relative test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients and 90\% compatibility limits were 0.80 and 0.47 to 0.93, respectively). For absolute reliability, the TST's typical error of measurement (TEM), 90\% compatibility limits, and magnitudes were 4.6\%, 3.4 to 7.7, for males, and 5.4\%, 3.9 to 9.0, for females. The homogeneous sample of taekwondo athletes meant that the TST's TEM exceeded the usual smallest important change (SIC) with 0.2 effect size in the two groups. The new test showed mostly very large correlations with linear sprint speed (r = 0.71 to 0.85) and dynamic balance (r = -0.71 and -0.74), large correlations with COD speed (r = 0.57 to 0.60) and vertical jump performance (r = -0.50 to -0.65), and moderate correlations with horizontal jump performance (r = -0.34 to -0.45) and static balance (r = -0.39 to -0.44). Top-elite athletes showed better TST performances than elite counterparts. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that the TST effectively discriminated between top-elite and elite taekwondo athletes. In conclusion, the TST is a valid, and sensitive test to evaluate the COD speed with taekwondo specific skills, and reliable when considering ICC and TEM. Although the usefulness of the TST is questioned to detect small performance changes in the present population, the TST can detect moderate changes in taekwondo-specific COD speed.}, language = {en} } @misc{DahmBeckerBischoffetal.2013, author = {Dahm, Torsten and Becker, Dirk and Bischoff, Monika and Cesca, Simone and Dost, B. and Fritschen, R. and Hainzl, Sebastian and Klose, C. D. and Kuhn, D. and Lasocki, S. and Meier, Thomas and Ohrnberger, Matthias and Rivalta, Eleonora and Wegler, Ulrich and Husen, Stephan}, title = {Recommendation for the discrimination of human-related and natural seismicity}, series = {Journal of seismology}, volume = {17}, journal = {Journal of seismology}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {1383-4649}, doi = {10.1007/s10950-012-9295-6}, pages = {197 -- 202}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Various techniques are utilized by the seismological community, extractive industries, energy and geoengineering companies to identify earthquake nucleation processes in close proximity to engineering operation points. These operations may comprise fluid extraction or injections, artificial water reservoir impoundments, open pit and deep mining, deep geothermal power generations or carbon sequestration. In this letter to the editor, we outline several lines of investigation that we suggest to follow to address the discrimination problem between natural seismicity and seismic events induced or triggered by geoengineering activities. These suggestions have been developed by a group of experts during several meetings and workshops, and we feel that their publication as a summary report is helpful for the geoscientific community. Specific investigation procedures and discrimination approaches, on which our recommendations are based, are also published in this Special Issue (SI) of Journal of Seismology.}, language = {en} } @article{SaidiBenAbderrahmanBoullosaetal.2020, author = {Saidi, Karim and Ben Abderrahman, Abderraouf and Boullosa, Daniel and Dupont, Gr{\´e}gory and Hackney, Anthony C. and Bideau, Benoit and Pavillon, Thomas and Granacher, Urs and Zouhal, Hassane}, title = {The Interplay Between Plasma Hormonal Concentrations, Physical Fitness, Workload and Mood State Changes to Periods of Congested Match Play in Professional Soccer Players}, series = {Frontiers in Physiology}, volume = {11}, journal = {Frontiers in Physiology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-042X}, doi = {10.3389/fphys.2020.00835}, pages = {14}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Background: The regular assessment of hormonal and mood state parameters in professional soccer are proposed as good indicators during periods of intense training and/or competition to avoid overtraining. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze hormonal, psychological, workload and physical fitness parameters in elite soccer players in relation to changes in training and match exposure during a congested period of match play. Methods: Sixteen elite soccer players from a team playing in the first Tunisian soccer league were evaluated three times (T1, T2, and T3) over 12 weeks. The non-congested period of match play was from T1 to T2, when the players played 6 games over 6 weeks. The congested period was from T2 to T3, when the players played 10 games over 6 weeks. From T1 to T3, players performed the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YYIR1), the repeated shuttle sprint ability test (RSSA), the countermovement jump test (CMJ), and the squat jump test (SJ). Plasma Cortisol (C), Testosterone (T), and the T/C ratio were analyzed at T1, T2, and T3. Players had their mood dimensions (tension, depression, anger, vigor, fatigue, confusion, and a Total Mood Disturbance) assessed through the Profile of Mood State questionnaire (POMS). Training session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) was also recorded on a daily basis in order to quantify internal training load and elements of monotony and strain. Results: Significant performance declines (T1 < T2 < T3) were found for SJ performance (p = 0.04, effect size [ES] ES₁₋₂ = 0.15-0.06, ES₂₋₃ = 0.24) from T1 to T3. YYIR1 performance improved significantly from T1 to T2 and declined significantly from T2 to T3 (p = 0.001, ES₁₋₂ = 0.24, ES₂₋₃ = -2.54). Mean RSSA performance was significantly higher (p = 0.019, ES₁₋₂ = -0.47, ES₂₋₃ = 1.15) in T3 compared with T2 and T1. Best RSSA performance was significantly higher in T3 when compared with T2 and T1 (p = 0.006, ES₂₋₃ = 0.47, ES₁₋₂ = -0.56), but significantly lower in T2 when compared with to T1. T and T/C were significantly lower in T3 when compared with T2 and T1 (T: p = 0.03, ES₃₋₂ = -0.51, ES₃₋₁ = -0.51, T/C: p = 0.017, ES₃₋₂ = -1.1, ES₃₋₁ = -1.07). Significant decreases were found for the vigor scores in T3 when compared to T2 and T1 (p = 0.002, ES₁₋₂ = 0.31, ES₃₋₂ = -1.25). A significant increase was found in fatigue scores in T3 as compared to T1 and T2 (p = 0.002, ES₁₋₂ = 0.43, ES₂₋₃ = 0.81). A significant increase was found from T1 < T2 < T3 intension score (p = 0.002, ES₁₋₂ = 1.1, ES₂₋₃ = 0.2) and anger score (p = 0.03, ES₁₋₂ = 0.47, ES₂₋₃ = 0.33) over the study period. Total mood disturbance increased significantly (p = 0.02, ES₁₋₂ = 0.91, ES₂₋₃ = 1.1) from T1 to T3. Between T1-T2, significant relationships were observed between workload and changes in T (r = 0.66, p = 0.003), and T/C ratio (r = 0.62, p = 0.01). There were significant relationships between performance in RSSAbest and training load parameters (workload: r = 0.52, p = 0.03; monotony: r = 0.62, p = 0.01; strain: r = 0.62, p = 0.009). Between T2-T3, there was a significant relationship between Δ\% of total mood disturbance and Δ\% of YYIR1 (r = -0.54; p = 0.04), RSSAbest (r = 0.58, p = 0.01), SJ (r = -0,55, p = 0.01), T (r = 0.53; p = 0.03), and T/C (r = 0.5; p = 0.04). Conclusion: An intensive period of congested match play significantly compromised elite soccer players' physical and mental fitness. These changes were related to psychological but not hormonal parameters; even though significant alterations were detected for selected measures. Mood monitoring could be a simple and useful tool to determine the degree of preparedness for match play during a congested period in professional soccer.}, language = {en} } @article{BlakesleySchubertSteyrleuthneretal.2011, author = {Blakesley, James C. and Schubert, Marcel and Steyrleuthner, Robert and Chen, Zhihua and Facchetti, Antonio and Neher, Dieter}, title = {Time-of-flight measurements and vertical transport in a high electron-mobility polymer}, series = {Applied physics letters}, volume = {99}, journal = {Applied physics letters}, number = {18}, publisher = {American Institute of Physics}, address = {Melville}, issn = {0003-6951}, doi = {10.1063/1.3657827}, pages = {3}, year = {2011}, abstract = {We investigate charge transport in a high-electron mobility polymer, poly(N, N-bis 2-octyldodecyl-naphthalene-1,4,5,8-bis dicarboximide-2,6-diyl-alt-5,5-2,2-bithiophene) [P(NDI2OD-T2), Polyera ActivInk (TM) N2200]. Time-of-flight measurements reveal electron mobilities approaching those measured in field-effect transistors, the highest ever recorded in a conjugated polymer using this technique. The modest temperature dependence and weak dispersion of the transients indicate low energetic disorder in this material. Steady-state electron-only current measurements reveal a barrier to injection of about 300 meV. We propose that this barrier is located within the P(NDI2OD-T2) film and arises from molecular orientation effects.}, language = {en} } @article{BagnichImBassleretal.2004, author = {Bagnich, Sergey A. and Im, C. and Bassler, H. and Neher, Dieter and Scherf, Ullrich}, title = {Energy transfer in a ladder-type methyl-poly(para-phenylene) doped by Pt(II)octaethylporphyrin}, issn = {0301-0104}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The luminescence of a ladder-type methyl-poly(para-phenylene) (MeLPPP) doped by platinum-porphyrin dye PtOEP covering the concentration 10(-3) to 5\% by weight has been measured employing cw and transient techniques. Upon excitating into the range of absorption of the host strong phosphorescence of the dopant is observed. Possible ways of populating of the dopant triplet state are considered. It is shown that the main channel is singlet-singlet energy transfer among chromophor groups of the polymer followed by Forster-type transfer to the guest and subsequent intersystem crossing. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved}, language = {en} } @misc{SaidiBenAbderrahmanBoullosaetal.2020, author = {Saidi, Karim and Ben Abderrahman, Abderraouf and Boullosa, Daniel and Dupont, Gr{\´e}gory and Hackney, Anthony C. and Bideau, Benoit and Pavillon, Thomas and Granacher, Urs and Zouhal, Hassane}, title = {The Interplay Between Plasma Hormonal Concentrations, Physical Fitness, Workload and Mood State Changes to Periods of Congested Match Play in Professional Soccer Players}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {660}, issn = {1866-8364}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-47925}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-479259}, pages = {16}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Background: The regular assessment of hormonal and mood state parameters in professional soccer are proposed as good indicators during periods of intense training and/or competition to avoid overtraining. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze hormonal, psychological, workload and physical fitness parameters in elite soccer players in relation to changes in training and match exposure during a congested period of match play. Methods: Sixteen elite soccer players from a team playing in the first Tunisian soccer league were evaluated three times (T1, T2, and T3) over 12 weeks. The non-congested period of match play was from T1 to T2, when the players played 6 games over 6 weeks. The congested period was from T2 to T3, when the players played 10 games over 6 weeks. From T1 to T3, players performed the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YYIR1), the repeated shuttle sprint ability test (RSSA), the countermovement jump test (CMJ), and the squat jump test (SJ). Plasma Cortisol (C), Testosterone (T), and the T/C ratio were analyzed at T1, T2, and T3. Players had their mood dimensions (tension, depression, anger, vigor, fatigue, confusion, and a Total Mood Disturbance) assessed through the Profile of Mood State questionnaire (POMS). Training session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) was also recorded on a daily basis in order to quantify internal training load and elements of monotony and strain. Results: Significant performance declines (T1 < T2 < T3) were found for SJ performance (p = 0.04, effect size [ES] ES₁₋₂ = 0.15-0.06, ES₂₋₃ = 0.24) from T1 to T3. YYIR1 performance improved significantly from T1 to T2 and declined significantly from T2 to T3 (p = 0.001, ES₁₋₂ = 0.24, ES₂₋₃ = -2.54). Mean RSSA performance was significantly higher (p = 0.019, ES₁₋₂ = -0.47, ES₂₋₃ = 1.15) in T3 compared with T2 and T1. Best RSSA performance was significantly higher in T3 when compared with T2 and T1 (p = 0.006, ES₂₋₃ = 0.47, ES₁₋₂ = -0.56), but significantly lower in T2 when compared with to T1. T and T/C were significantly lower in T3 when compared with T2 and T1 (T: p = 0.03, ES₃₋₂ = -0.51, ES₃₋₁ = -0.51, T/C: p = 0.017, ES₃₋₂ = -1.1, ES₃₋₁ = -1.07). Significant decreases were found for the vigor scores in T3 when compared to T2 and T1 (p = 0.002, ES₁₋₂ = 0.31, ES₃₋₂ = -1.25). A significant increase was found in fatigue scores in T3 as compared to T1 and T2 (p = 0.002, ES₁₋₂ = 0.43, ES₂₋₃ = 0.81). A significant increase was found from T1 < T2 < T3 intension score (p = 0.002, ES₁₋₂ = 1.1, ES₂₋₃ = 0.2) and anger score (p = 0.03, ES₁₋₂ = 0.47, ES₂₋₃ = 0.33) over the study period. Total mood disturbance increased significantly (p = 0.02, ES₁₋₂ = 0.91, ES₂₋₃ = 1.1) from T1 to T3. Between T1-T2, significant relationships were observed between workload and changes in T (r = 0.66, p = 0.003), and T/C ratio (r = 0.62, p = 0.01). There were significant relationships between performance in RSSAbest and training load parameters (workload: r = 0.52, p = 0.03; monotony: r = 0.62, p = 0.01; strain: r = 0.62, p = 0.009). Between T2-T3, there was a significant relationship between Δ\% of total mood disturbance and Δ\% of YYIR1 (r = -0.54; p = 0.04), RSSAbest (r = 0.58, p = 0.01), SJ (r = -0,55, p = 0.01), T (r = 0.53; p = 0.03), and T/C (r = 0.5; p = 0.04). Conclusion: An intensive period of congested match play significantly compromised elite soccer players' physical and mental fitness. These changes were related to psychological but not hormonal parameters; even though significant alterations were detected for selected measures. Mood monitoring could be a simple and useful tool to determine the degree of preparedness for match play during a congested period in professional soccer.}, language = {en} } @misc{PavillonTournyBenAbderrahmanetal.2020, author = {Pavillon, Thomas and Tourny, Claire and Ben Abderrahman, Abderraouf and Salhi, Iyed and Zouita, Sghaeir and Rouissi, Mehdi and Hackney, Anthony C. and Granacher, Urs and Zouhal, Hassane}, title = {Sprint and jump performances in highly trained young soccer players of different chronological age}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {697}, issn = {1866-8364}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-49055}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-490557}, pages = {12}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Objective The aim of this study was to examine the effects of two different sprint-training regimes on sprint and jump performances according to age in elite young male soccer players over the course of one soccer season. Methods Players were randomly assigned to two training groups. Group 1 performed systematic change-of-direction sprints (CODST, U19 [n = 9], U17 [n = 9], U15 [n = 10]) while group 2 conducted systematic linear sprints (LST, U19 [n = 9], U17 [n = 9], U15 [n = 9]). Training volumes were similar between groups (40 sprints per week x 30 weeks = 1200 sprints per season). Pre and post training, all players performed tests for the assessment of linear and slalom sprint speed (5-m and 10-m), countermovement jump, and maximal aerobic speed performance. Results For all physical fitness measures, the baseline-adjusted means data (ANCOVA) across the age groups showed no significant differences between LST and CODST at post (0.061 < p < 0.995; 0.0017 < d < 1.01). The analyses of baseline-adjusted means for all physical fitness measures for U15, U17, and U19 (LST vs. CODST) revealed no significant differences between LST and CODST for U15 (0.213 < p < 0.917; 0.001 < d < 0.087), U17 (0.132 < p < 0.976; 0.001 < d < 0.310), and U19 (0.300 < p < 0.999; 0.001 < d < 0.049) at post. Conclusions The results from this study showed that both, LST and CODST induced significant changes in the sprint, lower limbs power, and aerobic performances in young elite soccer players. Since no significant differences were observed between LST and CODST, the observed changes are most likely due to training and/or maturation. Therefore, more research is needed to elucidate whether CODST, LST or a combination of both is beneficial for youth soccer athletes' performance development.}, language = {en} } @article{ShivhareErdmannHoermannetal.2018, author = {Shivhare, Rishi and Erdmann, Tim and Hoermann, Ulrich and Collado-Fregoso, Elisa and Zeiske, Stefan and Benduhn, Johannes and Ullbrich, Sascha and Huebner, Rene and Hambsch, Mike and Kiriy, Anton and Voit, Brigitte and Neher, Dieter and Vandewal, Koen and Mannsfeld, Stefan C. B.}, title = {Alkyl Branching Position in Diketopyrrolopyrrole Polymers}, series = {Chemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society}, volume = {30}, journal = {Chemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society}, number = {19}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0897-4756}, doi = {10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b02739}, pages = {6801 -- 6809}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based donor acceptor copolymers have gained a significant amount of research interest in the organic electronics community because of their high charge carrier mobilities in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and their ability to harvest near-infrared (NIR) photons in solar cells. In this study, we have synthesized four DPP based donor-acceptor copolymers with variations in the donor unit and the branching point of the solubilizing alkyl chains (at the second or sixth carbon position). Grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) results suggest that moving the branching point further away from the polymer backbone increases the tendency for aggregation and yields polymer phases with a higher degree of crystallinity (DoC). The polymers were blended with PC70BM and used as active layers in solar cells. A careful analysis of the energetics of the neat polymer and blend films reveals that the charge-transfer state energy (E-CT) of the blend films lies exceptionally close to the singlet energy of the donor (E-D*), indicating near zero electron transfer losses. The difference between the optical gap and open-circuit voltage (V-OC) is therefore determined to be due to rather high nonradiative 418 +/- 13 mV) and unavoidable radiative voltage losses (approximate to 255 +/- 8 mV). Even though the four materials have similar optical gaps, the short-circuit current density (J(SC)) covers a vast span from 7 to 18 mA cm(-2) for the best performing system. Using photoluminescence (PL) quenching and transient charge extraction techniques, we quantify geminate and nongeminate losses and find that fewer excitons reach the donor-acceptor interface in polymers with further away branching points due to larger aggregate sizes. In these material systems, the photogeneration is therefore mainly limited by exciton harvesting efficiency.}, language = {en} } @article{BraungerMundtWolffetal.2018, author = {Braunger, Steffen and Mundt, Laura E. and Wolff, Christian Michael and Mews, Mathias and Rehermann, Carolin and Jost, Marko and Tejada, Alvaro and Eisenhauer, David and Becker, Christiane and Andres Guerra, Jorge and Unger, Eva and Korte, Lars and Neher, Dieter and Schubert, Martin C. and Rech, Bernd and Albrecht, Steve}, title = {Cs(x)FA(1-x)Pb(l(1-y)Br(y))(3) Perovskite Compositions}, series = {The journal of physical chemistry : C, Nanomaterials and interfaces}, volume = {122}, journal = {The journal of physical chemistry : C, Nanomaterials and interfaces}, number = {30}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1932-7447}, doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b06459}, pages = {17123 -- 17135}, year = {2018}, abstract = {We report on the formation of wrinkle-patterned surface morphologies in cesium formamidinium-based Cs(x)FA(1-y)Pb(I1-yBry)(3) perovskite compositions with x = 0-0.3 and y = 0-0.3 under various spin-coating conditions. By varying the Cs and Br contents, the perovskite precursor solution concentration and the spin-coating procedure, the occurrence and characteristics of the wrinkle-shaped morphology can be tailored systematically. Cs(0.17)FA(0.83)Pb(I0.83Br0.17)(3) perovskite layers were analyzed regarding their surface roughness, microscopic structure, local and overall composition, and optoelectronic properties. Application of these films in p-i-n perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with indium-doped tin oxide/NiOx/perovskite/C-60/bathocuproine/Cu architecture resulted in up to 15.3 and 17.0\% power conversion efficiency for the flat and wrinkled morphology, respectively. Interestingly, we find slightly red-shifted photoluminescence (PL) peaks for wrinkled areas and we are able to directly correlate surface topography with PL peak mapping. This is attributed to differences in the local grain size, whereas there is no indication for compositional demixing in the films. We show that the perovskite composition, crystallization kinetics, and layer thickness strongly influence the formation of wrinkles which is proposed to be related to the release of compressive strain during perovskite crystallization. Our work helps us to better understand film formation and to further improve the efficiency of PSCs with widely used mixed-perovskite compositions.}, language = {en} } @article{RanRolandLoveetal.2017, author = {Ran, Niva A. and Roland, Steffen and Love, John A. and Savikhin, Victoria and Takacs, Christopher J. and Fu, Yao-Tsung and Li, Hong and Coropceanu, Veaceslav and Liu, Xiaofeng and Bredas, Jean-Luc and Bazan, Guillermo C. and Toney, Michael F. and Neher, Dieter and Thuc-Quyen Nguyen,}, title = {Impact of interfacial molecular orientation on radiative recombination and charge generation efficiency}, series = {Nature Communications}, volume = {8}, journal = {Nature Communications}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-017-00107-4}, pages = {9}, year = {2017}, abstract = {A long standing question in organic electronics concerns the effects of molecular orientation at donor/acceptor heterojunctions. Given a well-controlled donor/acceptor bilayer system, we uncover the genuine effects of molecular orientation on charge generation and recombination. These effects are studied through the point of view of photovoltaics-however, the results have important implications on the operation of all optoelectronic devices with donor/ acceptor interfaces, such as light emitting diodes and photodetectors. Our findings can be summarized by two points. First, devices with donor molecules face-on to the acceptor interface have a higher charge transfer state energy and less non-radiative recombination, resulting in larger open-circuit voltages and higher radiative efficiencies. Second, devices with donor molecules edge-on to the acceptor interface are more efficient at charge generation, attributed to smaller electronic coupling between the charge transfer states and the ground state, and lower activation energy for charge generation.}, language = {en} } @article{HeslopWinkelAnthonyetal.2019, author = {Heslop, J. K. and Winkel, Matthias and Anthony, K. M. Walter and Spencer, R. G. M. and Podgorski, D. C. and Zito, P. and Kholodov, A. and Zhang, M. and Liebner, Susanne}, title = {Increasing organic carbon biolability with depth in yedoma permafrost}, series = {Journal of geophysical research : Biogeosciences}, volume = {124}, journal = {Journal of geophysical research : Biogeosciences}, number = {7}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, address = {Washington}, issn = {2169-8953}, doi = {10.1029/2018JG004712}, pages = {2021 -- 2038}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Permafrost thaw subjects previously frozen organic carbon (OC) to microbial decomposition, generating the greenhouse gases (GHG) carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) and fueling a positive climate feedback. Over one quarter of permafrost OC is stored in deep, ice-rich Pleistocene-aged yedoma permafrost deposits. We used a combination of anaerobic incubations, microbial sequencing, and ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry to show yedoma OC biolability increases with depth along a 12-m yedoma profile. In incubations at 3 degrees C and 13 degrees C, GHG production per unit OC at 12-versus 1.3-m depth was 4.6 and 20.5 times greater, respectively. Bacterial diversity decreased with depth and we detected methanogens at all our sampled depths, suggesting that in situ microbial communities are equipped to metabolize thawed OC into CH4. We concurrently observed an increase in the relative abundance of reduced, saturated OC compounds, which corresponded to high proportions of C mineralization and positively correlated with anaerobic GHG production potentials and higher proportions of OC being mineralized as CH4. Taking into account the higher global warming potential (GWP) of CH4 compared to CO2, thawed yedoma sediments in our study had 2 times higher GWP at 12-versus 9.0-m depth at 3 degrees C and 15 times higher GWP at 13 degrees C. Considering that yedoma is vulnerable to processes that thaw deep OC, our findings imply that it is important to account for this increasing GHG production and GWP with depth to better understand the disproportionate impact of yedoma on the magnitude of the permafrost carbon feedback.}, language = {en} } @article{BoeckReichard2000, author = {Boeck, C. and Reichard, Christoph}, title = {Das Public Sector : Kompetenzzentrum in Potsdam}, year = {2000}, language = {de} } @book{NierhausUmbachWagner1996, author = {Nierhaus, Michael and Umbach, Dieter C. and Wagner, Dieter}, title = {Schriftenreihe des Kommunalwissenschaftlichen Instituts der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, editor = {Richter, Martin and Jann, Werner and Loschelder, Wolfgang}, publisher = {Duncker \& Humblot}, address = {Berlin}, year = {1996}, language = {de} } @book{NierhausLoschelderUmbach1995, author = {Nierhaus, Michael and Loschelder, Wolfgang and Umbach, Dieter C.}, title = {Kommunale Selbstverwaltung : europ{\"a}ische und nationale Aspekte}, series = {Schriftenreihe des Kommunalwissenschaftlichen Instituts der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, volume = {1}, journal = {Schriftenreihe des Kommunalwissenschaftlichen Instituts der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, editor = {Jann, Werner and Wagner, Dieter}, publisher = {Duncker \& Humblot}, address = {Berlin}, year = {1995}, language = {de} } @article{RiveraVillarreyesBaroniOswald2011, author = {Rivera Villarreyes, C. A. and Baroni, Gabriele and Oswald, Sascha}, title = {Integral quantification of seasonal soil moisture changes in farmland by cosmic-ray neutrons}, series = {Hydrology and earth system sciences : HESS}, volume = {15}, journal = {Hydrology and earth system sciences : HESS}, number = {12}, publisher = {Copernicus}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {1027-5606}, doi = {10.5194/hess-15-3843-2011}, pages = {3843 -- 3859}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Soil moisture at the plot or hill-slope scale is an important link between local vadose zone hydrology and catchment hydrology. However, so far only a few methods are on the way to close this gap between point measurements and remote sensing. One new measurement methodology that could determine integral soil moisture at this scale is the aboveground sensing of cosmic-ray neutrons, more precisely of ground albedo neutrons. The present study performed ground albedo neutron sensing (GANS) at an agricultural field in northern Germany. To test the method it was accompanied by other soil moisture measurements for a summer period with corn crops growing on the field and a later autumn-winter period without crops and a longer period of snow cover. Additionally, meteorological data and aboveground crop biomass were included in the evaluation. Hourly values of ground albedo neutron sensing showed a high statistical variability. Six-hourly values corresponded well with classical soil moisture measurements, after calibration based on one reference dry period and three wet periods of a few days each. Crop biomass seemed to influence the measurements only to minor degree, opposed to snow cover which has a more substantial impact on the measurements. The latter could be quantitatively related to a newly introduced field neutron ratio estimated from neutron counting rates of two energy ranges. Overall, our study outlines a procedure to apply the ground albedo neutron sensing method based on devices now commercially available, without the need for accompanying numerical simulations and suited for longer monitoring periods after initial calibration.}, language = {en} } @misc{KormannFranckeRenneretal.2015, author = {Kormann, C. and Francke, Till and Renner, M. and Bronstert, Axel}, title = {Attribution of high resolution streamflow trends in Western Austria}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-96560}, pages = {1225 -- 1245}, year = {2015}, abstract = {The results of streamflow trend studies are often characterized by mostly insignificant trends and inexplicable spatial patterns. In our study region, Western Austria, this applies especially for trends of annually averaged runoff. However, analysing the altitudinal aspect, we found that there is a trend gradient from higher-altitude to lower-altitude stations, i.e. a pattern of mostly positive annual trends at higher stations and negative ones at lower stations. At midaltitudes, the trends are mostly insignificant. Here we hypothesize that the streamflow trends are caused by the following two main processes: on the one hand, melting glaciers produce excess runoff at higher-altitude watersheds. On the other hand, rising temperatures potentially alter hydrological conditions in terms of less snowfall, higher infiltration, enhanced evapotranspiration, etc., which in turn results in decreasing streamflow trends at lower-altitude watersheds. However, these patterns are masked at mid-altitudes because the resulting positive and negative trends balance each other. To support these hypotheses, we attempted to attribute the detected trends to specific causes. For this purpose, we analysed trends of filtered daily streamflow data, as the causes for these changes might be restricted to a smaller temporal scale than the annual one. This allowed for the explicit determination of the exact days of year (DOYs) when certain streamflow trends emerge, which were then linked with the corresponding DOYs of the trends and characteristic dates of other observed variables, e.g. the average DOY when temperature crosses the freezing point in spring. Based on these analyses, an empirical statistical model was derived that was able to simulate daily streamflow trends sufficiently well. Analyses of subdaily streamflow changes provided additional insights. Finally, the present study supports many modelling approaches in the literature which found out that the main drivers of alpine streamflow changes are increased glacial melt, earlier snowmelt and lower snow accumulation in wintertime.}, language = {en} } @misc{AichLierschVetteretal.2017, author = {Aich, Valentin and Liersch, Stefan and Vetter, Tobias and Andersson, Jafet C. M. and M{\"u}ller, Eva Nora and Hattermann, Fred}, title = {Climate or land use?}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-400115}, pages = {25}, year = {2017}, abstract = {This study intends to contribute to the ongoing discussion on whether land use and land cover changes (LULC) or climate trends have the major influence on the observed increase of flood magnitudes in the Sahel. A simulation-based approach is used for attributing the observed trends to the postulated drivers. For this purpose, the ecohydrological model SWIM (Soil and Water Integrated Model) with a new, dynamic LULC module was set up for the Sahelian part of the Niger River until Niamey, including the main tributaries Sirba and Goroul. The model was driven with observed, reanalyzed climate and LULC data for the years 1950-2009. In order to quantify the shares of influence, one simulation was carried out with constant land cover as of 1950, and one including LULC. As quantitative measure, the gradients of the simulated trends were compared to the observed trend. The modeling studies showed that for the Sirba River only the simulation which included LULC was able to reproduce the observed trend. The simulation without LULC showed a positive trend for flood magnitudes, but underestimated the trend significantly. For the Goroul River and the local flood of the Niger River at Niamey, the simulations were only partly able to reproduce the observed trend. In conclusion, the new LULC module enabled some first quantitative insights into the relative influence of LULC and climatic changes. For the Sirba catchment, the results imply that LULC and climatic changes contribute in roughly equal shares to the observed increase in flooding. For the other parts of the subcatchment, the results are less clear but show, that climatic changes and LULC are drivers for the flood increase; however their shares cannot be quantified. Based on these modeling results, we argue for a two-pillar adaptation strategy to reduce current and future flood risk: Flood mitigation for reducing LULC-induced flood increase, and flood adaptation for a general reduction of flood vulnerability.}, language = {en} } @article{WachsWhittleHamiltonGiachritsisetal.2018, author = {Wachs, Sebastian and Whittle, Helen C. and Hamilton-Giachritsis, Catherine and Wolf, Karsten D. and Vazsonyi, Alexander T. and Junger, Marianne}, title = {Correlates of Mono- and Dual-Victims of Cybergrooming and Cyberbullying}, series = {Cyberpsychology, behavior and social networking}, volume = {21}, journal = {Cyberpsychology, behavior and social networking}, number = {2}, publisher = {Liebert}, address = {New Rochelle}, issn = {2152-2715}, doi = {10.1089/cyber.2016.0733}, pages = {91 -- 98}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Today's adolescents grow up using information and communication technologies as an integral part of their everyday life. This affords them with extensive opportunities, but also exposes them to online risks, such as cybergrooming and cyberbullying victimization. The aims of this study were to investigate correlates of cybergrooming and cyberbullying victimization and examine whether victims of both cybergrooming and cyberbullying (dual-cybervictims) show higher involvement in compulsive Internet use (CIU) and troubled offline behavior (TOB) compared to victims of either cybergrooming or cyberbullying (mono-cybervictims). The sample consisted of 2,042 Dutch, German, Thai, and U.S. adolescents (age = 11-17 years; M = 14.2; SD = 1.4). About every ninth adolescent (10.9 percent) reported either mono- or dual-cybervictimization. Second, both CIU and TOB were associated with all three types of cybervictimization, and finally, both CIU and TOB were more strongly linked to dual-cybervictimization than to both forms of mono-cybervictimization. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the associations between different forms of cybervictimization and psychological health and behavior problems among adolescents.}, language = {en} } @misc{FanScaringiKorupetal.2019, author = {Fan, Xuanmei and Scaringi, Gianvito and Korup, Oliver and West, A. Joshua and van Westen, Cees J. and Tanyas, Hakan and Hovius, Niels and Hales, Tristram C. and Jibson, Randall W. and Allstadt, Kate E. and Zhang, Limin and Evans, Stephen G. and Xu, Chong and Li, Gen and Pei, Xiangjun and Xu, Qiang and Huang, Runqiu}, title = {Earthquake-Induced Chains of Geologic Hazards}, series = {Reviews of geophysics}, volume = {57}, journal = {Reviews of geophysics}, number = {2}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, address = {Washington}, issn = {8755-1209}, doi = {10.1029/2018RG000626}, pages = {421 -- 503}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Large earthquakes initiate chains of surface processes that last much longer than the brief moments of strong shaking. Most moderate- and large-magnitude earthquakes trigger landslides, ranging from small failures in the soil cover to massive, devastating rock avalanches. Some landslides dam rivers and impound lakes, which can collapse days to centuries later, and flood mountain valleys for hundreds of kilometers downstream. Landslide deposits on slopes can remobilize during heavy rainfall and evolve into debris flows. Cracks and fractures can form and widen on mountain crests and flanks, promoting increased frequency of landslides that lasts for decades. More gradual impacts involve the flushing of excess debris downstream by rivers, which can generate bank erosion and floodplain accretion as well as channel avulsions that affect flooding frequency, settlements, ecosystems, and infrastructure. Ultimately, earthquake sequences and their geomorphic consequences alter mountain landscapes over both human and geologic time scales. Two recent events have attracted intense research into earthquake-induced landslides and their consequences: the magnitude M 7.6 Chi-Chi, Taiwan earthquake of 1999, and the M 7.9 Wenchuan, China earthquake of 2008. Using data and insights from these and several other earthquakes, we analyze how such events initiate processes that change mountain landscapes, highlight research gaps, and suggest pathways toward a more complete understanding of the seismic effects on the Earth's surface.}, language = {en} } @article{BeckmannSchumacherKleuseretal.2021, author = {Beckmann, Nadine and Schumacher, Fabian and Kleuser, Burkhard and Gulbins, Erich and Nomellini, Vanessa and Caldwell, Charles C.}, title = {Burn injury impairs neutrophil chemotaxis through increased ceramide}, series = {Shock : injury, inflammation, and sepsis, laboratory and clinical approaches}, volume = {56}, journal = {Shock : injury, inflammation, and sepsis, laboratory and clinical approaches}, number = {1}, publisher = {Lippincott Williams \& Wilkins}, address = {Hagerstown, Md.}, issn = {1073-2322}, doi = {10.1097/SHK.0000000000001693}, pages = {125 -- 132}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Infection is a common and often deadly complication after burn injury. A major underlying factor is burn-induced immune dysfunction, particularly with respect to neutrophils as the primary responders to infection. Temporally after murine scald injury, we demonstrate impaired bone marrow neutrophil chemotaxis toward CXCL1 ex vivo. Additionally, we observed a reduced recruitment of neutrophils to the peritoneal after elicitation 7 days after injury. We demonstrate that neutrophil ceramide levels increase after burn injury, and this is associated with decreased expression of CXCR2 and blunted chemotaxis. A major signaling event upon CXCR2 activation is Akt phosphorylation and this was reduced when ceramide was elevated. In contrast, PTEN levels were elevated and PTEN-inhibition elevated phospho-Akt levels and mitigated the burn-induced neutrophil chemotaxis defect. Altogether, this study identifies a newly described pathway of ceramide-mediated suppression of neutrophil chemotaxis after burn injury and introduces potential targets to mitigate this defect and reduce infection-related morbidity and mortality after burn.}, language = {en} } @article{LozanoAguilarTriguerosOnandiaetal.2021, author = {Lozano, Yudi M. and Aguilar-Trigueros, Carlos A. and Onandia, Gabriela and Maaß, Stefanie and Zhao, Tingting and Rillig, Matthias C.}, title = {Effects of microplastics and drought on soil ecosystem functions and multifunctionality}, series = {Journal of applied ecology : an official journal of the British Ecological Society}, volume = {58}, journal = {Journal of applied ecology : an official journal of the British Ecological Society}, number = {5}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Oxford [u.a.]}, issn = {1365-2664}, doi = {10.1111/1365-2664.13839}, pages = {988 -- 996}, year = {2021}, abstract = {1. Microplastics in soils have become an important threat for terrestrial systems as they may potentially alter the geochemical/biophysical soil environment and can interact with drought. As microplastics may affect soil water content, this could exacerbate the well-known negative effects of drought on ecosystem functionality. Thus, functions including litter decomposition, soil aggregation or those related with nutrient cycling can be altered. Despite this potential interaction, we know relatively little about how microplastics, under different soil water conditions, affect ecosystem functions and multifunctionality. 2. To address this gap, we performed an experiment using grassland plant communities growing in microcosms. Microplastic fibres (absent, present) and soil water conditions (well-watered, drought) were applied in a fully factorial design. At harvest, we measured soil ecosystem functions related to nutrient cycling (beta-glucosaminidase, beta-D-cellobiosidase, phosphatase, beta-glucosidase enzymes), respiration, nutrient retention, pH, litter decomposition and soil aggregation (water stable aggregates). As terrestrial systems provide these functions simultaneously, we also assessed ecosystem multifunctionality, an index that encompasses the array of ecosystem functions measured here. 3. We found that the interaction between microplastic fibres and drought affected ecosystem functions and multifunctionality. Drought had negatively affected nutrient cycling by decreasing enzymatic activities by up to similar to 39\%, while microplastics increased soil aggregation by similar to 18\%, soil pH by similar to 4\% and nutrient retention by up to similar to 70\% by diminishing nutrient leaching. Microplastic fibres also impacted soil enzymes, respiration and ecosystem multifunctionality, but importantly, the direction of these effects depended on soil water status. That is, under well-watered conditions, these functions decreased with microplastic fibres by up to similar to 34\% while under drought they had similar values irrespective of the microplastic presence, or tended to increase with microplastics. Litter decomposition had a contrary pattern increasing with microplastics by similar to 6\% under well-watered conditions while decreasing to a similar percentage under drought. 4. Synthesis and applications. Single ecosystem functions can be positively or negatively affected by microplastics fibres depending on soil water status. However, our results suggest that microplastic fibres may cause negative effects on ecosystem soil multifunctionality of a similar magnitude as drought. Thus, strategies to counteract this new global change factor are necessary.}, language = {en} } @article{KniepertSchubertBlakesleyetal.2011, author = {Kniepert, Juliane and Schubert, Marcel and Blakesley, James C. and Neher, Dieter}, title = {Photogeneration and recombination in P3HT/PCBM solar cells probed by time-delayed collection field experiments}, series = {The journal of physical chemistry letters}, volume = {2}, journal = {The journal of physical chemistry letters}, number = {7}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1948-7185}, doi = {10.1021/jz200155b}, pages = {700 -- 705}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Time-delayed collection field (TDCF) experiments are performed on bulk heterojunction solar cells comprised of a blend of poly(3-hexylthiophene) and [6,6]-phenyl C-71 butyric acid methyl ester. TDCF is analogous to a pump-probe experiment using optical excitation and an electrical probe with a resolution of < 100 ns. The number of free charge carriers extracted after a short delay is found to be independent of the electric field during illumination. Also, experiments performed with a variable delay between the optical excitation and the electrical probe do not reveal any evidence for the generation of charge via field-assisted dissociation of bound long-lived polaron pairs. Photocurrent transients are well fitted by computational drift diffusion simulations with only direct generation of free charge carriers. With increasing delay times between pump and probe, two loss mechanisms are identified; first, charge-carriers are swept out of the device by the internal electric field, and second, bimolecular recombination of the remaining carriers takes place with a reduced recombination coefficient.}, language = {en} } @article{BlakesleyNeher2011, author = {Blakesley, James C. and Neher, Dieter}, title = {Relationship between energetic disorder and open-circuit voltage in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells}, series = {Physical review : B, Condensed matter and materials physics}, volume = {84}, journal = {Physical review : B, Condensed matter and materials physics}, number = {7}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, address = {College Park}, issn = {1098-0121}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.84.075210}, pages = {12}, year = {2011}, abstract = {We simulate organic bulk heterojunction solar cells. The effects of energetic disorder are incorporated through a Gaussian or exponential model of density of states. Analytical models of open-circuit voltage (V(OC)) are derived from the splitting of quasi-Fermi potentials. Their predictions are backed up by more complex numerical device simulations including effects such as carrier-density-dependent charge-carrier mobilities. It is predicted that the V(OC) depends on: (1) the donor-acceptor energy gap; (2) charge-carrier recombination rates; (3) illumination intensity; (4) the contact work functions (if not in the pinning regime); and (5) the amount of energetic disorder. A large degree of energetic disorder, or a high density of traps, is found to cause significant reductions in V(OC). This can explain why V(OC) is often less than expected in real devices. Energetic disorder also explains the nonideal temperature and intensity dependence of V(OC) and the superbimolecular recombination rates observed in many real bulk heterojunction solar cells.}, language = {en} } @article{LangeBlakesleyFrischetal.2011, author = {Lange, Ilja and Blakesley, James C. and Frisch, Johannes and Vollmer, Antje and Koch, Norbert and Neher, Dieter}, title = {Band bending in conjugated polymer layers}, series = {Physical review letters}, volume = {106}, journal = {Physical review letters}, number = {21}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, address = {College Park}, issn = {0031-9007}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.216402}, pages = {4}, year = {2011}, abstract = {We use the Kelvin probe method to study the energy-level alignment of four conjugated polymers deposited on various electrodes. Band bending is observed in all polymers when the substrate work function exceeds critical values. Through modeling, we show that the band bending is explained by charge transfer from the electrodes into a small density of states that extends several hundred meV into the band gap. The energetic spread of these states is correlated with charge-carrier mobilities, suggesting that the same states also govern charge transport in the bulk of these polymers.}, language = {en} } @article{BauerUmbaschGiessenetal.2000, author = {Bauer, C. and Umbasch, G. and Giessen, H. and Meisel, A. and Nothofer, Heinz-Georg and Neher, Dieter and Scherf, Ullrich and Marth, R.}, title = {Polarized Photoluminescence and Spectral Narrowing in an oriented Polyfluorene Thin Film}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{FormerWagnerRichertetal.1999, author = {Former, C. and Wagner, H. and Richert, R. and Neher, Dieter and M{\"u}llen, K.}, title = {Orientation and dynamics of chainlike dipole arrays: Donor-acceptor-substituted oligophenylenevinylenes in a polymer matrix}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{RennerNeumannBurkartetal.2012, author = {Renner, Swen C. and Neumann, Dirk and Burkart, Michael and Feit, Ute and Giere, Peter and Groeger, Andreas and Paulsch, Axel and Paulsch, Cornelia and Sterz, Mario and Vohland, Katrin}, title = {Import and export of biological samples from tropical countries-considerations and guidelines for research teams}, series = {Organisms, diversity \& evolution : official journal of the Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Biologische Systematik}, volume = {12}, journal = {Organisms, diversity \& evolution : official journal of the Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Biologische Systematik}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, issn = {1439-6092}, doi = {10.1007/s13127-012-0076-4}, pages = {81 -- 98}, year = {2012}, abstract = {'Biodiversity' is increasingly perceived as an important resource for research and conservation, but also for economy. Conservation, access and sustainable use of biodiversity (genetic resources, species, samples) are negotiated on different political levels, resulting in an internationally binding legal framework. Resulting legislation is binding for all parties involved in biological sampling, i.e. researches and (and in italics) countries, and especially applies for tissue or DNA samples and dervied products thereof. Understanding and awareness of export and import permits for biological samples is increasingly important for biologists to perform research projects legally and timely. Nevertheless, some biologists are still exporting and importing biological samples ignoring or noncompliant with national and international legislation, conventions, and regulations. Resulting difficulties may not only cause serious problems during field work, but may also delay the export, import or exchange of samples. Comprehensive a priori information regarding legal requirements helps to avoid or at least diminish potential problems. We identified four major factors facilitating export/import permits: (1) good personal (mutually trusted) contacts in the country of origin, (2) understanding and compliance with all relevant laws and regulations; (3) access to information regarding knowledge on permits, regulations and laws including their circulation within the researcher communities; and (4) access to consistent and up to date regulations}, language = {en} } @article{AlbrechtSchindlerKurpiersetal.2012, author = {Albrecht, Steve and Schindler, Wolfram and Kurpiers, Jona and Kniepert, Juliane and Blakesley, James C. and Dumsch, Ines and Allard, Sybille and Fostiropoulos, Konstantinos and Scherf, Ullrich and Neher, Dieter}, title = {On the field dependence of free charge carrier generation and recombination in blends of PCPDTBT/PC70BM influence of solvent additives}, series = {The journal of physical chemistry letters}, volume = {3}, journal = {The journal of physical chemistry letters}, number = {5}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1948-7185}, doi = {10.1021/jz3000849}, pages = {640 -- 645}, year = {2012}, abstract = {We have applied time-delayed collection field (TDCF) and charge extraction by linearly increasing voltage (CELIV) to investigate the photogeneration, transport, and recombination of charge carriers in blends composed of PCPDTBT/PC70BM processed with and without the solvent additive diiodooctane. The results suggest that the solvent additive has severe impacts on the elementary processes involved in the photon to collected electron conversion in these blends. First, a pronounced field dependence of the free carrier generation is found for both blends, where the field dependence is stronger without the additive. Second, the fate of charge carriers in both blends can be described with a rather high bimolecular recombination coefficients, which increase with decreasing internal field. Third, the mobility is three to four times higher with the additive. Both blends show a negative field dependence of mobility, which we suggest to cause bias-dependent recombination coefficients.}, language = {en} } @article{AlouiTayechArbiMejrietal.2022, author = {Aloui, Ali and Tayech, Amel and Arbi Mejri, Mohamed and Makhlouf, Issam and Clark, Cain C. T. and Granacher, Urs and Zouhal, Hassane and Ben Abderrahman, Abderraouf}, title = {Reliability and Validity of a New Taekwondo-Specific Change-of-Direction Speed Test With Striking Techniques in Elite Taekwondo Athletes: A Pilot Study}, series = {Frontiers in Physiology}, volume = {13}, journal = {Frontiers in Physiology}, publisher = {Frontiers}, address = {Lausanne, Schweiz}, issn = {1664-042X}, doi = {10.3389/fphys.2022.774546}, pages = {1 -- 15}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The purpose of this study was to examine the test-retest reliability, and convergent and discriminative validity of a new taekwondo-specific change-of-direction (COD) speed test with striking techniques (TST) in elite taekwondo athletes. Twenty (10 males and 10 females) elite (athletes who compete at national level) and top-elite (athletes who compete at national and international level) taekwondo athletes with an average training background of 8.9 ± 1.3 years of systematic taekwondo training participated in this study. During the two-week test-retest period, various generic performance tests measuring COD speed, balance, speed, and jump performance were carried out during the first week and as a retest during the second week. Three TST trials were conducted with each athlete and the best trial was used for further analyses. The relevant performance measure derived from the TST was the time with striking penalty (TST-TSP). TST-TSP performances amounted to 10.57 ± 1.08 s for males and 11.74 ± 1.34 s for females. The reliability analysis of the TST performance was conducted after logarithmic transformation, in order to address the problem of heteroscedasticity. In both groups, the TST demonstrated a high relative test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients and 90\% compatibility limits were 0.80 and 0.47 to 0.93, respectively). For absolute reliability, the TST's typical error of measurement (TEM), 90\% compatibility limits, and magnitudes were 4.6\%, 3.4 to 7.7, for males, and 5.4\%, 3.9 to 9.0, for females. The homogeneous sample of taekwondo athletes meant that the TST's TEM exceeded the usual smallest important change (SIC) with 0.2 effect size in the two groups. The new test showed mostly very large correlations with linear sprint speed (r = 0.71 to 0.85) and dynamic balance (r = -0.71 and -0.74), large correlations with COD speed (r = 0.57 to 0.60) and vertical jump performance (r = -0.50 to -0.65), and moderate correlations with horizontal jump performance (r = -0.34 to -0.45) and static balance (r = -0.39 to -0.44). Top-elite athletes showed better TST performances than elite counterparts. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that the TST effectively discriminated between top-elite and elite taekwondo athletes. In conclusion, the TST is a valid, and sensitive test to evaluate the COD speed with taekwondo specific skills, and reliable when considering ICC and TEM. Although the usefulness of the TST is questioned to detect small performance changes in the present population, the TST can detect moderate changes in taekwondo-specific COD speed.}, language = {en} } @article{PavillonTournyBenAbderrahmanetal.2020, author = {Pavillon, Thomas and Tourny, Claire and Ben Abderrahman, Abderraouf and Salhi, Iyed and Zouita, Sghaeir and Rouissi, Mehdi and Hackney, Anthony C. and Granacher, Urs and Zouhal, Hassane}, title = {Sprint and jump performances in highly trained young soccer players of different chronological age}, series = {Journal of Exercise Science \& Fitness}, volume = {19}, journal = {Journal of Exercise Science \& Fitness}, number = {2}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Singapore}, issn = {1728-869x}, doi = {10.1016/j.jesf.2020.10.003}, pages = {81 -- 90}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Objective The aim of this study was to examine the effects of two different sprint-training regimes on sprint and jump performances according to age in elite young male soccer players over the course of one soccer season. Methods Players were randomly assigned to two training groups. Group 1 performed systematic change-of-direction sprints (CODST, U19 [n = 9], U17 [n = 9], U15 [n = 10]) while group 2 conducted systematic linear sprints (LST, U19 [n = 9], U17 [n = 9], U15 [n = 9]). Training volumes were similar between groups (40 sprints per week x 30 weeks = 1200 sprints per season). Pre and post training, all players performed tests for the assessment of linear and slalom sprint speed (5-m and 10-m), countermovement jump, and maximal aerobic speed performance. Results For all physical fitness measures, the baseline-adjusted means data (ANCOVA) across the age groups showed no significant differences between LST and CODST at post (0.061 < p < 0.995; 0.0017 < d < 1.01). The analyses of baseline-adjusted means for all physical fitness measures for U15, U17, and U19 (LST vs. CODST) revealed no significant differences between LST and CODST for U15 (0.213 < p < 0.917; 0.001 < d < 0.087), U17 (0.132 < p < 0.976; 0.001 < d < 0.310), and U19 (0.300 < p < 0.999; 0.001 < d < 0.049) at post. Conclusions The results from this study showed that both, LST and CODST induced significant changes in the sprint, lower limbs power, and aerobic performances in young elite soccer players. Since no significant differences were observed between LST and CODST, the observed changes are most likely due to training and/or maturation. Therefore, more research is needed to elucidate whether CODST, LST or a combination of both is beneficial for youth soccer athletes' performance development.}, language = {en} } @article{ArcherBenbowBirdetal.2016, author = {Archer, A. and Benbow, W. and Bird, R. and Buchovecky, M. and Buckley, J. H. and Bugaev, V. and Byrum, K. and Cardenzana, J. V. and Cerruti, M. and Chen, Xuhui and Ciupik, L. and Collins-Hughes, E. and Connolly, M. P. and Eisch, J. D. and Falcone, A. and Feng, Q. and Finley, J. P. and Fleischhack, H. and Flinders, A. and Fortson, L. and Furniss, A. and Gillanders, G. H. and Griffin, S. and Grube, J. and Gyuk, G. and Hakansson, Nils and Hanna, D. and Holder, J. and Humensky, T. B. and Huetten, M. and Johnson, C. A. and Kaaret, P. and Kar, P. and Kelley-Hoskins, N. and Kertzman, M. and Kieda, D. and Krause, M. and Krennrich, F. and Kumar, S. and Lang, M. J. and McArthur, S. and McCann, A. and Meagher, K. and Millis, J. and Moriarty, P. and Mukherjee, R. and Nieto, D. and Ong, R. A. and Park, N. and Pelassa, V. and Pohl, Martin and Popkow, A. and Pueschel, Elisa and Quinn, J. and Ragan, K. and Ratliff, G. and Reynolds, P. T. and Richards, G. T. and Roache, E. and Rousselle, J. and Santander, M. and Sembroski, G. H. and Shahinyan, K. and Smith, A. W. and Staszak, D. and Telezhinsky, Igor O. and Tucci, J. V. and Tyler, J. and Vassiliev, V. V. and Wakely, S. P. and Weiner, O. M. and Weinstein, A. and Wilhelm, Alina and Williams, D. A. and Zitzer, B. and Yusef-Zadeh, F.}, title = {TEV GAMMA-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF THE GALACTIC CENTER RIDGE BY VERITAS}, series = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics}, volume = {821}, journal = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics}, publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {0004-637X}, doi = {10.3847/0004-637X/821/2/129}, pages = {162 -- 167}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The Galactic Center ridge has been observed extensively in the past by both GeV and TeV gamma-ray instruments revealing a wealth of structure, including a diffuse component and the point sources G0.9+0.1 (a composite supernova remnant) and Sgr A* (believed to be associated with the supermassive black hole located at the center of our Galaxy). Previous very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray observations with the H.E.S.S.. experiment have also detected an extended TeV gamma-ray component along the Galactic plane in the >300 GeV gamma-ray regime. Here we report on observations of the Galactic Center ridge from 2010 to 2014 by the VERITAS telescope array in the >2 TeV energy range. From these observations we (1) provide improved measurements of the differential energy spectrum for Sgr A* in the >2 TeV gamma-ray regime, (2) provide a detection in the >2 TeV gamma-ray emission from the composite SNR G0.9+0.1 and an improved determination of its multi-TeV gamma-ray energy spectrum, and. (3) report on the detection of VER J1746-289, a localized enhancement of >2 TeV gamma-ray emission along the Galactic plane.}, language = {en} } @article{WiltingPatelPfestorfetal.2016, author = {Wilting, A. and Patel, R. and Pfestorf, Hans and Kern, C. and Sultan, K. and Ario, A. and Penaloza, F. and Kramer-Schadt, S. and Radchuk, Viktoriia and Foerster, D. W. and Fickel, J{\"o}rns}, title = {Evolutionary history and conservation significance of the Javan leopard Panthera pardus melas}, series = {Journal of zoology : proceedings of the Zoological Society of London}, volume = {299}, journal = {Journal of zoology : proceedings of the Zoological Society of London}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0952-8369}, doi = {10.1111/jzo.12348}, pages = {239 -- 250}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The leopard Panthera pardus is widely distributed across Africa and Asia; however, there is a gap in its natural distribution in Southeast Asia, where it occurs on the mainland and on Java but not on the interjacent island of Sumatra. Several scenarios have been proposed to explain this distribution gap. Here, we complemented an existing dataset of 68 leopard mtDNA sequences from Africa and Asia with mtDNA sequences (NADH5+ ctrl, 724bp) from 19 Javan leopards, and hindcasted leopard distribution to the Pleistocene to gain further insights into the evolutionary history of the Javan leopard. Our data confirmed that Javan leopards are evolutionarily distinct from other Asian leopards, and that they have been present on Java since the Middle Pleistocene. Species distribution projections suggest that Java was likely colonized via a Malaya-Java land bridge that by-passed Sumatra, as suitable conditions for leopards during Pleistocene glacial periods were restricted to northern and western Sumatra. As fossil evidence supports the presence of leopards on Sumatra at the beginning of the Late Pleistocene, our projections are consistent with a scenario involving the extinction of leopards on Sumatra as a consequence of the Toba super volcanic eruption (similar to 74kya). The impact of this eruption was minor on Java, suggesting that leopards managed to survive here. Currently, only a few hundred leopards still live in the wild and only about 50 are managed in captivity. Therefore, this unique and distinctive subspecies requires urgent, concerted conservation efforts, integrating insitu and ex situ conservation management activities in a One Plan Approach to species conservation management.}, language = {en} } @article{BirukovCuadratPolemitietal.2021, author = {Birukov, Anna and Cuadrat, Rafael R. C. and Polemiti, Elli and Eichelmann, Fabian and Schulze, Matthias Bernd}, title = {Advanced glycation end-products, measured as skin autofluorescence, associate with vascular stiffness in diabetic, pre-diabetic and normoglycemic individuals}, series = {Cardiovascular diabetology}, volume = {20}, journal = {Cardiovascular diabetology}, number = {1}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, address = {London}, issn = {1475-2840}, doi = {10.1186/s12933-021-01296-5}, pages = {11}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Background Advanced glycation end-products are proteins that become glycated after contact with sugars and are implicated in endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffening. We aimed to investigate the relationships between advanced glycation end-products, measured as skin autofluorescence, and vascular stiffness in various glycemic strata. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam cohort, comprising n = 3535 participants (median age 67 years, 60\% women). Advanced glycation end-products were measured as skin autofluorescence with AGE-Reader (TM), vascular stiffness was measured as pulse wave velocity, augmentation index and ankle-brachial index with Vascular Explorer (TM). A subset of 1348 participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test. Participants were sub-phenotyped into normoglycemic, prediabetes and diabetes groups. Associations between skin autofluorescence and various indices of vascular stiffness were assessed by multivariable regression analyses and were adjusted for age, sex, measures of adiposity and lifestyle, blood pressure, prevalent conditions, medication use and blood biomarkers. Results Skin autofluorescence associated with pulse wave velocity, augmentation index and ankle-brachial index, adjusted beta coefficients (95\% CI) per unit skin autofluorescence increase: 0.38 (0.21; 0.55) for carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, 0.25 (0.14; 0.37) for aortic pulse wave velocity, 1.00 (0.29; 1.70) for aortic augmentation index, 4.12 (2.24; 6.00) for brachial augmentation index and - 0.04 (- 0.05; - 0.02) for ankle-brachial index. The associations were strongest in men, younger individuals and were consistent across all glycemic strata: for carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity 0.36 (0.12; 0.60) in normoglycemic, 0.33 (- 0.01; 0.67) in prediabetes and 0.45 (0.09; 0.80) in diabetes groups; with similar estimates for aortic pulse wave velocity. Augmentation index was associated with skin autofluorescence only in normoglycemic and diabetes groups. Ankle-brachial index inversely associated with skin autofluorescence across all sex, age and glycemic strata. Conclusions Our findings indicate that advanced glycation end-products measured as skin autofluorescence might be involved in vascular stiffening independent of age and other cardiometabolic risk factors not only in individuals with diabetes but also in normoglycemic and prediabetic conditions. Skin autofluorescence might prove as a rapid and non-invasive method for assessment of macrovascular disease progression across all glycemic strata.}, language = {en} } @article{PatelLenzKitcheneretal.2017, author = {Patel, Riddhi P. and Lenz, Dorina and Kitchener, Andrew C. and Fickel, Jorns and Foerster, Daniel W. and Wilting, Andreas}, title = {Threatened but understudied: supporting conservation by understanding the genetic structure of the flat-headed cat}, series = {Conservation genetics}, volume = {18}, journal = {Conservation genetics}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {1566-0621}, doi = {10.1007/s10592-017-0990-2}, pages = {1423 -- 1433}, year = {2017}, language = {en} } @article{KohlerPost2023, author = {Kohler, Ulrich and Post, Julia C.}, title = {Welcher Zweck heiligt die Mittel?}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Soziologie}, volume = {52}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Soziologie}, number = {1}, publisher = {de Gruyter}, address = {Oldenburg}, issn = {2366-0325}, doi = {10.1515/zfsoz-2023-2001}, pages = {67 -- 88}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Im Vergleich zu Umfragen an Wahrscheinlichkeitsstichproben bieten Umfragen an Access-Panels, die auf Nicht-Wahrscheinlichkeitsstichproben basieren, unbestreitbare wirtschaftliche Vorteile. Diese Vorteile gehen jedoch mit unvermeidbaren Qualit{\"a}tseinbußen einher, die auch dann bestehen bleiben, wenn Erstere sehr niedrige Responseraten haben. Daher m{\"u}ssen die wirtschaftlichen Vorteile und die methodischen Einschr{\"a}nkungen gegeneinander abgewogen werden. Es wird argumentiert, dass diese Abw{\"a}gung anhand normativer Festlegungen erfolgen muss. Unter Anwendung der hier vorgeschlagenen Maßst{\"a}be kommt der Beitrag zu dem Schluss, dass die Qualit{\"a}tsanspr{\"u}che an {\"u}ber Massenmedien verbreitete Meinungsumfragen h{\"o}her sein sollten als f{\"u}r rein (sozial)wissenschaftliche Zwecke.}, language = {de} } @article{SpallanzaniKogaCichyetal.2022, author = {Spallanzani, Roberta and Koga, Kenneth T. and Cichy, Sarah B. and Wiedenbeck, Michael and Schmidt, Burkhard C. and Oelze, Marcus and Wilke, Max}, title = {Lithium and boron diffusivity and isotopic fractionation in hydrated rhyolitic melts}, series = {Contributions to mineralogy and petrology}, volume = {177}, journal = {Contributions to mineralogy and petrology}, number = {8}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {0010-7999}, doi = {10.1007/s00410-022-01937-2}, pages = {17}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Lithium and boron are trace components of magmas, released during exsolution of a gas phase during volcanic activity. In this study, we determine the diffusivity and isotopic fractionation of Li and B in hydrous silicate melts. Two glasses were synthesized with the same rhyolitic composition (4.2 wt\% water), having different Li and B contents; these were studied in diffusion-couple experiments that were performed using an internally heated pressure vessel, operated at 300 MPa in the temperature range 700-1250 degrees C for durations from 0 s to 24 h. From this we determined activation energies for Li and B diffusion of 57 +/- 4 kJ/mol and 152 +/- 15 kJ/mol with pre-exponential factors of 1.53 x 10(-7) m(2)/s and 3.80 x 10(-8) m(2)/s, respectively. Lithium isotopic fractionation during diffusion gave beta values between 0.15 and 0.20, whereas B showed no clear isotopic fractionation. Our Li diffusivities and isotopic fractionation results differ somewhat from earlier published values, but overall confirm that Li diffusivity increases with water content. Our results on B diffusion show that similarly to Li, B mobility increases in the presence of water. By applying the Eyring relation, we confirm that B diffusivity is limited by viscous flow in silicate melts. Our results on Li and B diffusion present a new tool for understanding degassing-related processes, offering a potential geospeedometer to measure volcanic ascent rates.}, language = {en} } @article{SchubertPreisBlakesleyetal.2013, author = {Schubert, Marcel and Preis, Eduard and Blakesley, James C. and Pingel, Patrick and Scherf, Ullrich and Neher, Dieter}, title = {Mobility relaxation and electron trapping in a donor/acceptor copolymer}, series = {Physical review : B, Condensed matter and materials physics}, volume = {87}, journal = {Physical review : B, Condensed matter and materials physics}, number = {2}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, address = {College Park}, issn = {1098-0121}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.87.024203}, pages = {12}, year = {2013}, abstract = {To address the nature of charge transport and the origin of severe (intrinsic) trapping in electron-transporting polymers, transient and steady-state charge transport measurements have been conducted on the prototype donor/acceptor copolymer poly[2,7-(9,9-dialkyl-fluorene)-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole)] (PFTBTT). A charge-generation layer technique is used to selectively address transport of the desired charge carrier type, to perform time-of-flight measurements on samples with < 200 nm thickness, and to combine the time-of-flight and the photocharge extraction by linearly increasing voltage (photo-CELIV) techniques to investigate charge carrier dynamics over a wide time range. Significant trapping of free electrons is observed in the bulk of dioctyl-substituted PFTBTT (alt-PF8TBTT), introducing a strong relaxation of the charge carrier mobility with time. We used Monte-Carlo simulation to simulate the measured transient data and found that all measurements can be modeled with a single parameter set, with the charge transport behavior determined by multiple trapping and detrapping of electrons in an exponential trap distribution. The influence of the concomitant mobility relaxation on the transient photocurrent characteristics in photo-CELIV experiments is discussed and shown to explain subtle features that were seen in former publications but were not yet assigned to electron trapping. Comparable studies on PFTBTT copolymers with chemical modifications of the side chains and backbone suggest that the observed electron trapping is not caused by a distinct chemical species but rather is related to interchain interactions.}, language = {en} } @article{LuBlakesleyHimmelbergeretal.2013, author = {Lu, Guanghao and Blakesley, James C. and Himmelberger, Scott and Pingel, Patrick and Frisch, Johannes and Lieberwirth, Ingo and Salzmann, Ingo and Oehzelt, Martin and Di Pietro, Riccardo and Salleo, Alberto and Koch, Norbert and Neher, Dieter}, title = {Moderate doping leads to high performance of semiconductor/insulator polymer blend transistors}, series = {Nature Communications}, volume = {4}, journal = {Nature Communications}, number = {1-2}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/ncomms2587}, pages = {8}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Polymer transistors are being intensively developed for next-generation flexible electronics. Blends comprising a small amount of semiconducting polymer mixed into an insulating polymer matrix have simultaneously shown superior performance and environmental stability in organic field-effect transistors compared with the neat semiconductor. Here we show that such blends actually perform very poorly in the undoped state, and that mobility and on/off ratio are improved dramatically upon moderate doping. Structural investigations show that these blend layers feature nanometre-scale semiconductor domains and a vertical composition gradient. This particular morphology enables a quasi three-dimensional spatial distribution of semiconductor pathways within the insulating matrix, in which charge accumulation and depletion via a gate bias is substantially different from neat semiconductor, and where high on-current and low off-current are simultaneously realized in the stable doped state. Adding only 5 wt\% of a semiconducting polymer to a polystyrene matrix, we realized an environmentally stable inverter with gain up to 60.}, language = {en} } @article{KohlerPost2023, author = {Kohler, Ulrich and Post, Julia C.}, title = {Pulp Science?}, series = {Gesellschaft, Wirtschaft, Politik : GWP : Sozialwissenschaften f{\"u}r politische Bildung}, volume = {72}, journal = {Gesellschaft, Wirtschaft, Politik : GWP : Sozialwissenschaften f{\"u}r politische Bildung}, number = {4}, publisher = {Budrich}, address = {Leverkusen}, issn = {2196-1654}, doi = {10.3224/gwp.v72i4.09}, pages = {475 -- 483}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @incollection{WetzelReedSchenck2023, author = {Wetzel, Johanna M. and Reed, Kate and Schenck, Marcia C.}, title = {"Writing with my professors"}, series = {Writing Together: Kollaboratives Schreiben mit Personen aus dem Feld}, volume = {45}, booktitle = {Writing Together: Kollaboratives Schreiben mit Personen aus dem Feld}, publisher = {Transcript Verlag}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {978-3-8394-6399-4}, doi = {10.14361/9783839463994-002}, pages = {31 -- 53}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Kollaboratives Forschen quer zu hegemonialen Wissensordnungen gilt als wichtiger Baustein dekolonialer Wissenspraxis. Gemeinsame Schreibprozesse von Wissenschaftler*innen und ihren nicht-wissenschaftlichen Forschungspartner*innen sind allerdings selten und eine methodologische und forschungspraktische Reflexion fehlt. Die Beitr{\"a}ger*innen widmen sich diesen L{\"u}cken, indem sie erfolgreiche, aber auch gescheiterte Projekte kollaborativer Textproduktion zwischen Universit{\"a}t und Feld vorstellen und auf ihr Potenzial als transformative und dekoloniale Wissenspraxis befragen. So entsteht eine praktische Orientierungshilfe, die gleichzeitig die interdisziplin{\"a}re Diskussion anregt.}, language = {en} } @misc{CuadratIonescuDavilaetal.2018, author = {Cuadrat, Rafael R. C. and Ionescu, Danny and D{\´a}vila, Alberto M. R. and Grossart, Hans-Peter}, title = {Recovering genomics clusters of secondary metabolites from lakes using genome-resolved metagenomics}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {924}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-44565}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-445656}, pages = {15}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Metagenomic approaches became increasingly popular in the past decades due to decreasing costs of DNA sequencing and bioinformatics development. So far, however, the recovery of long genes coding for secondary metabolites still represents a big challenge. Often, the quality of metagenome assemblies is poor, especially in environments with a high microbial diversity where sequence coverage is low and complexity of natural communities high. Recently, new and improved algorithms for binning environmental reads and contigs have been developed to overcome such limitations. Some of these algorithms use a similarity detection approach to classify the obtained reads into taxonomical units and to assemble draft genomes. This approach, however, is quite limited since it can classify exclusively sequences similar to those available (and well classified) in the databases. In this work, we used draft genomes from Lake Stechlin, north-eastern Germany, recovered by MetaBat, an efficient binning tool that integrates empirical probabilistic distances of genome abundance, and tetranucleotide frequency for accurate metagenome binning. These genomes were screened for secondary metabolism genes, such as polyketide synthases (PKS) and non-ribosomal peptide synthases (NRPS), using the Anti-SMASH and NAPDOS workflows. With this approach we were able to identify 243 secondary metabolite clusters from 121 genomes recovered from our lake samples. A total of 18 NRPS, 19 PKS, and 3 hybrid PKS/NRPS clusters were found. In addition, it was possible to predict the partial structure of several secondary metabolite clusters allowing for taxonomical classifications and phylogenetic inferences. Our approach revealed a high potential to recover and study secondary metabolites genes from any aquatic ecosystem.}, language = {en} } @misc{GoeritzBergerGegeetal.2018, author = {G{\"o}ritz, Anna and Berger, Stella A. and Gege, Peter and Grossart, Hans-Peter and Nejstgaard, Jens C. and Riedel, Sebastian and R{\"o}ttgers, R{\"u}diger and Utschig, Christian}, title = {Retrieval of water constituents from hyperspectral in-situ measurements under variable cloud cover}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {941}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-45983}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-459837}, pages = {21}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Remote sensing and field spectroscopy of natural waters is typically performed under clear skies, low wind speeds and low solar zenith angles. Such measurements can also be made, in principle, under clouds and mixed skies using airborne or in-situ measurements; however, variable illumination conditions pose a challenge to data analysis. In the present case study, we evaluated the inversion of hyperspectral in-situ measurements for water constituent retrieval acquired under variable cloud cover. First, we studied the retrieval of Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) absorption from in-water irradiance measurements. Then, we evaluated the errors in the retrievals of the concentration of total suspended matter (TSM), Chl-a and the absorption coefficient of CDOM from above-water reflectance measurements due to highly variable reflections at the water surface. In order to approximate cloud reflections, we extended a recent three-component surface reflectance model for cloudless atmospheres by a constant offset and compared different surface reflectance correction procedures. Our findings suggest that in-water irradiance measurements may be used for the analysis of absorbing compounds even under highly variable weather conditions. The extended surface reflectance model proved to contribute to the analysis of above-water reflectance measurements with respect to Chl-a and TSM. Results indicate the potential of this approach for all-weather monitoring.}, language = {en} } @article{LundgreenJaspersTravingetal.2019, author = {Lundgreen, Regitze B. C. and Jaspers, Cornelia and Traving, Sachia J. and Ayala, Daniel J. and Lombard, Fabien and Grossart, Hans-Peter and Nielsen, Torkel G. and Munk, Peter and Riemann, Lasse}, title = {Eukaryotic and cyanobacterial communities associated with marine snow particles in the oligotrophic Sargasso Sea}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {9}, journal = {Scientific reports}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-019-45146-7}, pages = {12}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Marine snow aggregates represent heterogeneous agglomerates of dead and living organic matter. Composition is decisive for their sinking rates, and thereby for carbon flux to the deep sea. For oligotrophic oceans, information on aggregate composition is particularly sparse. To address this, the taxonomic composition of aggregates collected from the subtropical and oligotrophic Sargasso Sea (Atlantic Ocean) was characterized by 16S and 18S rRNA gene sequencing. Taxonomy assignment was aided by a collection of the contemporary plankton community consisting of 75 morphologically and genetically identified plankton specimens. The diverse rRNA gene reads of marine snow aggregates, not considering Trichodesmium puffs, were dominated by copepods (52\%), cnidarians (21\%), radiolarians (11\%), and alveolates (8\%), with sporadic contributions by cyanobacteria, suggesting a different aggregate composition than in eutrophic regions. Composition linked significantly with sampling location but not to any measured environmental parameters or plankton biomass composition. Nevertheless, indicator and network analyses identified key roles of a few rare taxa. This points to complex regulation of aggregate composition, conceivably affected by the environment and plankton characteristics. The extent to which this has implications for particle densities, and consequently for sinking rates and carbon sequestration in oligotrophic waters, needs further interrogation.}, language = {en} } @article{LudererMadedduMerfortetal.2021, author = {Luderer, Gunnar and Madeddu, Silvia and Merfort, Leon and Ueckerdt, Falko and Pehl, Michaja and Pietzcker, Robert C. and Rottoli, Marianna and Schreyer, Felix and Bauer, Nico and Baumstark, Lavinia and Bertram, Christoph and Dirnaichner, Alois and Humpen{\"o}der, Florian and Levesque, Antoine and Popp, Alexander and Rodrigues, Renato and Strefler, Jessica and Kriegler, Elmar}, title = {Impact of declining renewable energy costs on electrification in low-emission scenarios}, series = {Nature energy}, volume = {7}, journal = {Nature energy}, number = {1}, publisher = {Nature Publishing Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2058-7546}, doi = {10.1038/s41560-021-00937-z}, pages = {32 -- 42}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Cost degression in photovoltaics, wind-power and battery storage has been faster than previously anticipated. In the future, climate policy to limit global warming to 1.5-2 °C will make carbon-based fuels increasingly scarce and expensive. Here we show that further progress in solar- and wind-power technology along with carbon pricing to reach the Paris Climate targets could make electricity cheaper than carbon-based fuels. In combination with demand-side innovation, for instance in e-mobility and heat pumps, this is likely to induce a fundamental transformation of energy systems towards a dominance of electricity-based end uses. In a 1.5 °C scenario with limited availability of bioenergy and carbon dioxide removal, electricity could account for 66\% of final energy by mid-century, three times the current levels and substantially higher than in previous climate policy scenarios assessed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The lower production of bioenergy in our high-electrification scenarios markedly reduces energy-related land and water requirements.}, language = {en} } @article{GoeritzBergerGegeetal.2018, author = {G{\"o}ritz, Anna and Berger, Stella A. and Gege, Peter and Grossart, Hans-Peter and Nejstgaard, Jens C. and Riedel, Sebastian and R{\"o}ttgers, R{\"u}diger and Utschig, Christian}, title = {Retrieval of water constituents from hyperspectral in-situ measurements under variable cloud cover}, series = {Remote sensing / Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)}, volume = {10}, journal = {Remote sensing / Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2072-4292}, doi = {10.3390/rs10020181}, pages = {19}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Remote sensing and field spectroscopy of natural waters is typically performed under clear skies, low wind speeds and low solar zenith angles. Such measurements can also be made, in principle, under clouds and mixed skies using airborne or in-situ measurements; however, variable illumination conditions pose a challenge to data analysis. In the present case study, we evaluated the inversion of hyperspectral in-situ measurements for water constituent retrieval acquired under variable cloud cover. First, we studied the retrieval of Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) absorption from in-water irradiance measurements. Then, we evaluated the errors in the retrievals of the concentration of total suspended matter (TSM), Chl-a and the absorption coefficient of CDOM from above-water reflectance measurements due to highly variable reflections at the water surface. In order to approximate cloud reflections, we extended a recent three-component surface reflectance model for cloudless atmospheres by a constant offset and compared different surface reflectance correction procedures. Our findings suggest that in-water irradiance measurements may be used for the analysis of absorbing compounds even under highly variable weather conditions. The extended surface reflectance model proved to contribute to the analysis of above-water reflectance measurements with respect to Chl-a and TSM. Results indicate the potential of this approach for all-weather monitoring.}, language = {en} } @article{CuadratIonescuDavilaetal.2018, author = {Cuadrat, Rafael R. C. and Ionescu, Danny and Davila, Alberto M. R. and Grossart, Hans-Peter}, title = {Recovering genomics clusters of secondary metabolites from lakes using genome-resolved metagenomics}, series = {Frontiers in microbiology}, volume = {9}, journal = {Frontiers in microbiology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-302X}, doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2018.00251}, pages = {13}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Metagenomic approaches became increasingly popular in the past decades due to decreasing costs of DNA sequencing and bioinformatics development. So far, however, the recovery of long genes coding for secondary metabolites still represents a big challenge. Often, the quality of metagenome assemblies is poor, especially in environments with a high microbial diversity where sequence coverage is low and complexity of natural communities high. Recently, new and improved algorithms for binning environmental reads and contigs have been developed to overcome such limitations. Some of these algorithms use a similarity detection approach to classify the obtained reads into taxonomical units and to assemble draft genomes. This approach, however, is quite limited since it can classify exclusively sequences similar to those available (and well classified) in the databases. In this work, we used draft genomes from Lake Stechlin, north-eastern Germany, recovered by MetaBat, an efficient binning tool that integrates empirical probabilistic distances of genome abundance, and tetranucleotide frequency for accurate metagenome binning. These genomes were screened for secondary metabolism genes, such as polyketide synthases (PKS) and non-ribosomal peptide synthases (NRPS), using the Anti-SMASH and NAPDOS workflows. With this approach we were able to identify 243 secondary metabolite clusters from 121 genomes recovered from our lake samples. A total of 18 NRPS, 19 PKS, and 3 hybrid PKS/NRPS clusters were found. In addition, it was possible to predict the partial structure of several secondary metabolite clusters allowing for taxonomical classifications and phylogenetic inferences. Our approach revealed a high potential to recover and study secondary metabolites genes from any aquatic ecosystem.}, language = {en} } @article{WeyhenmeyerMackayStockwelletal.2017, author = {Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A. and Mackay, Murray and Stockwell, Jason D. and Thiery, Wim and Grossart, Hans-Peter and Augusto-Silva, Petala B. and Baulch, Helen M. and de Eyto, Elvira and Hejzlar, Josef and Kangur, Kuelli and Kirillin, Georgiy and Pierson, Don C. and Rusak, James A. and Sadro, Steven and Woolway, R. Iestyn}, title = {Citizen science shows systematic changes in the temperature difference between air and inland waters with global warming}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {7}, journal = {Scientific reports}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/srep43890}, pages = {9}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Citizen science projects have a long history in ecological studies. The research usefulness of such projects is dependent on applying simple and standardized methods. Here, we conducted a citizen science project that involved more than 3500 Swedish high school students to examine the temperature difference between surface water and the overlying air (T-w-T-a) as a proxy for sensible heat flux (Q(H)). If Q(H) is directed upward, corresponding to positive T-w-T-a, it can enhance CO2 and CH4 emissions from inland waters, thereby contributing to increased greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere. The students found mostly negative T-w-T-a across small ponds, lakes, streams/rivers and the sea shore (i.e. downward Q(H)), with T-w-T-a becoming increasingly negative with increasing T-a. Further examination of T-w-T-a using high-frequency temperature data from inland waters across the globe confirmed that T-w-T-a is linearly related to T-a. Using the longest available high-frequency temperature time series from Lake Erken, Sweden, we found a rapid increase in the occasions of negative T-w-T-a with increasing annual mean T-a since 1989. From these results, we can expect that ongoing and projected global warming will result in increasingly negative T-w-T-a, thereby reducing CO2 and CH4 transfer velocities from inland waters into the atmosphere.}, language = {en} } @article{FerreraSarmentoPriscuetal.2017, author = {Ferrera, Isabel and Sarmento, Hugo and Priscu, John C. and Chiuchiolo, Amy and Gonzalez, Jose M. and Grossart, Hans-Peter}, title = {Diversity and Distribution of Freshwater Aerobic Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria across a Wide Latitudinal Gradient}, series = {Frontiers in microbiology}, volume = {8}, journal = {Frontiers in microbiology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-302X}, doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2017.00175}, pages = {12}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs (AAPs) have been shown to exist in numerous marine and brackish environments where they are hypothesized to play important ecological roles. Despite their potential significance, the study of freshwater AAPs is in its infancy and limited to local investigations. Here, we explore the occurrence, diversity and distribution of AAPs in lakes covering a wide latitudinal gradient: Mongolian and German lakes located in temperate regions of Eurasia, tropical Great East African lakes, and polar permanently ice-covered Antarctic lakes. Our results show a widespread distribution of AAPs in lakes with contrasting environmental conditions and confirm that this group is composed of different members of the Alpha- and Betaproteobacteria. While latitude does not seem to strongly influence AAP abundance, clear patterns of community structure and composition along geographic regions were observed as indicated by a strong macro-geographical signal in the taxonomical composition of AAPs. Overall, our results suggest that the distribution patterns of freshwater AAPs are likely driven by a combination of small-scale environmental conditions (specific of each lake and region) and large-scale geographic factors (climatic regions across a latitudinal gradient).}, language = {en} } @article{BizicIonescuKarnataketal.2022, author = {Bizic, Mina and Ionescu, Danny and Karnatak, Rajat and Musseau, Camille L. and Onandia, Gabriela and Berger, Stella A. and Nejstgaard, Jens C. and Lischeid, Gunnar and Gessner, Mark O. and Wollrab, Sabine and Grossart, Hans-Peter}, title = {Land-use type temporarily affects active pond community structure but not gene expression patterns}, series = {Molecular ecology}, volume = {31}, journal = {Molecular ecology}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0962-1083}, doi = {10.1111/mec.16348}, pages = {1716 -- 1734}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Changes in land use and agricultural intensification threaten biodiversity and ecosystem functioning of small water bodies. We studied 67 kettle holes (KH) in an agricultural landscape in northeastern Germany using landscape-scale metatranscriptomics to understand the responses of active bacterial, archaeal and eukaryotic communities to land-use type. These KH are proxies of the millions of small standing water bodies of glacial origin spread across the northern hemisphere. Like other landscapes in Europe, the study area has been used for intensive agriculture since the 1950s. In contrast to a parallel environmental DNA study that suggests the homogenization of biodiversity across KH, conceivably resulting from long-lasting intensive agriculture, land-use type affected the structure of the active KH communities during spring crop fertilization, but not a month later. This effect was more pronounced for eukaryotes than for bacteria. In contrast, gene expression patterns did not differ between months or across land-use types, suggesting a high degree of functional redundancy across the KH communities. Variability in gene expression was best explained by active bacterial and eukaryotic community structures, suggesting that these changes in functioning are primarily driven by interactions between organisms. Our results indicate that influences of the surrounding landscape result in temporary changes in the activity of different community members. Thus, even in KH where biodiversity has been homogenized, communities continue to respond to land management. This potential needs to be considered when developing sustainable management options for restoration purposes and for successful mitigation of further biodiversity loss in agricultural landscapes.}, language = {en} } @article{VatovaRubinGrossartetal.2022, author = {Vatova, Mariyana and Rubin, Conrad and Grossart, Hans-Peter and Goncalves, Susana C. and Schmidt, Susanne I. and Jarić, Ivan}, title = {Aquatic fungi: largely neglected targets for conservation}, series = {Frontiers in ecology and the environment}, volume = {20}, journal = {Frontiers in ecology and the environment}, number = {4}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1540-9295}, doi = {10.1002/fee.2495}, pages = {207 -- 209}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @article{ZhuShpritsChenetal.2018, author = {Zhu, Hui and Shprits, Yuri and Chen, Lunjin and Liu, Xu and Kellerman, Adam C.}, title = {An event on simultaneous amplification of exohiss and chorus waves associated with electron density enhancements}, series = {Journal of geophysical research : Space physics}, volume = {123}, journal = {Journal of geophysical research : Space physics}, number = {11}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, address = {Washington}, issn = {2169-9380}, doi = {10.1029/2017JA025023}, pages = {8958 -- 8968}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Whistler mode exohiss are the structureless hiss waves observed outside the plasma pause with featured equatorward Poynting flux. An event of the amplification of exohiss as well as chorus waves was recorded by Van Allen Probes during the recovery phase of a weak geomagnetic storm. Amplitudes of both types of the waves showed a significant increase at the regions of electron density enhancements. It is found that the electrons resonant with exohiss and chorus showed moderate pitch angle anisotropies. The ratio of the number of electrons resonating with exohiss to total electron number presented in-phase correlation with density variations, which suggests that exohiss can be amplified due to electron density enhancement in terms of cyclotron instability. The calculation of linear growth rates further supports above conclusion. We suggest that exohiss waves have potential to become more significant due to the background plasma fluctuation.}, language = {en} } @article{EvansHainichOskinovaetal.2012, author = {Evans, C. J. and Hainich, Rainer and Oskinova, Lidia M. and Gallagher, J. S. and Chu, Y.-H. and Gruendl, R. A. and Hamann, Wolf-Rainer and Henault-Brunet, V. and Todt, Helge Tobias}, title = {A rare early-type star revealed in the wing of the small megellanic cloud}, series = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics}, volume = {753}, journal = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics}, number = {2}, publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {0004-637X}, doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/753/2/173}, pages = {10}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Sk 183 is the visually brightest star in the N90 nebula, a young star-forming region in the Wing of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). We present new optical spectroscopy from the Very Large Telescope which reveals Sk 183 to be one of the most massive O-type stars in the SMC. Classified as an O3-type dwarf on the basis of its nitrogen spectrum, the star also displays broadened He I absorption, which suggests a later type. We propose that Sk 183 has a composite spectrum and that it is similar to another star in the SMC, MPG 324. This brings the number of rare O2- and O3-type stars known in the whole of the SMC to a mere four. We estimate physical parameters for Sk 183 from analysis of its spectrum. For a single-star model, we estimate an effective temperature of 46 +/- 2 kK, a low mass-loss rate of similar to 10(-7) M-circle dot yr(-1), and a spectroscopic mass of 46(-8)(+ 9) M-circle dot (for an adopted distance modulus of 18.7 mag to the young population in the SMC Wing). An illustrative binary model requires a slightly hotter temperature (similar to 47.5 kK) for the primary component. In either scenario, Sk 183 is the earliest-type star known in N90 and will therefore be the dominant source of hydrogen-ionizing photons. This suggests Sk 183 is the primary influence on the star formation along the inner edge of the nebula.}, language = {en} } @article{OskinovaTodtIgnaceetal.2011, author = {Oskinova, Lidia M. and Todt, Helge Tobias and Ignace, Richard and Brown, John C. and Cassinelli, Joseph P. and Hamann, Wolf-Rainer}, title = {Early magnetic B-type stars X-ray emission and wind properties}, series = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, volume = {416}, journal = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, number = {2}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0035-8711}, doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19143.x}, pages = {1456 -- 1474}, year = {2011}, abstract = {We present a comprehensive study of X-ray emission by, and wind properties of, massive magnetic early B-type stars. Dedicated XMM-Newton observations were obtained for three early-type B-type stars, xi(1) CMa, V2052 Oph and zeta Cas, with recently discovered magnetic fields. We report the first detection of X-ray emission from V2052 Oph and zeta Cas. The latter is one the softest X-ray sources among the early-type stars, while the former is one of the X-ray faintest. The observations show that the X-ray spectra of our programme stars are quite soft with the bulk of X-ray emitting material having a temperature of about 1 MK. We compile the complete sample of early B-type stars with detected magnetic fields to date and existing X-ray measurements, in order to study whether the X-ray emission can be used as a general proxy for stellar magnetism. We find that the X-ray properties of early massive B-type magnetic stars are diverse, and that hard and strong X-ray emission does not necessarily correlate with the presence of a magnetic field, corroborating similar conclusions reached earlier for the classical chemically peculiar magnetic Bp-Ap stars. We analyse the ultraviolet (UV) spectra of five non-supergiant B stars with magnetic fields (tau Sco, beta Cep, xi(1) CMa, V2052 Oph and zeta Cas) by means of non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) iron-blanketed model atmospheres. The latter are calculated with the Potsdam Wolf-Rayet (PoWR) code, which treats the photosphere as well as the wind, and also accounts for X-rays. With the exception of t Sco, this is the first analysis of these stars by means of stellar wind models. Our models accurately fit the stellar photospheric spectra in the optical and the UV. The parameters of X-ray emission, temperature and flux are included in the model in accordance with observations. We confirm the earlier findings that the filling factors of X-ray emitting material are very high. Our analysis reveals that the magnetic early-type B stars studied here have weak winds with velocities not significantly exceeding upsilon(esc). The mass-loss rates inferred from the analysis of UV lines are significantly lower than predicted by hydrodynamically consistent models. We find that, although the X-rays strongly affect the ionization structure of the wind, this effect is not sufficient in reducing the total radiative acceleration. When the X-rays are accounted for at the intensity and temperatures observed, there is still sufficient radiative acceleration to drive a stronger mass-loss than we empirically infer from the UV spectral lines.}, language = {en} } @article{HenaultBrunetOskinovaGuerreroetal.2012, author = {Henault-Brunet, V. and Oskinova, Lidia M. and Guerrero, Mart{\´i}n A. and Sun, W. and Chu, Y.-H. and Evans, C. J. and Gallagher, J. S. and Gruendl, R. A. and Reyes-Iturbide, J.}, title = {Discovery of a Be/X-ray pulsar binary and associated supernova remnant in the wing of the small magellanic cloud}, series = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, volume = {420}, journal = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Malden}, issn = {0035-8711}, doi = {10.1111/j.1745-3933.2011.01183.x}, pages = {L13 -- L17}, year = {2012}, abstract = {We report on a new Be/X-ray pulsar binary located in the Wing of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). The strong pulsed X-ray source was discovered with the Chandra and XMM-Newton X-ray observatories. The X-ray pulse period of 1062 s is consistently determined from both Chandra and XMM-Newton observations, revealing one of the slowest rotating X-ray pulsars known in the SMC. The optical counterpart of the X-ray source is the emission-line star 2dFS 3831. Its B0-0.5(III)e+ spectral type is determined from VLT-FLAMES and 2dF optical spectroscopy, establishing the system as a Be/X-ray binary (Be-XRB). The hard X-ray spectrum is well fitted by a power law with additional thermal and blackbody components, the latter reminiscent of persistent Be-XRBs. This system is the first evidence of a recent supernova in the low-density surroundings of NGC602. We detect a shell nebula around 2dFS 3831 in H alpha and [OIII] images and conclude that it is most likely a supernova remnant. If it is linked to the supernova explosion that created this new X-ray pulsar, its kinematic age of (2-4) x 10(4) yr provides a constraint on the age of the pulsar.}, language = {en} } @article{OskinovaHamannCassinellietal.2011, author = {Oskinova, Lidia M. and Hamann, Wolf-Rainer and Cassinelli, Joseph P. and Brown, John C. and Todt, Helge Tobias}, title = {X-ray emission from massive stars with magnetic fields}, series = {Astronomische Nachrichten = Astronomical notes}, volume = {332}, journal = {Astronomische Nachrichten = Astronomical notes}, number = {9-10}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Malden}, issn = {0004-6337}, doi = {10.1002/asna.201111602}, pages = {988 -- 993}, year = {2011}, abstract = {We investigate the connections between the magnetic fields and the X-ray emission from massive stars. Our study shows that the X-ray properties of known strongly magnetic stars are diverse: while some comply to the predictions of the magnetically confined wind model, others do not. We conclude that strong, hard, and variable X-ray emission may be a sufficient attribute of magnetic massive stars, but it is not a necessary one. We address the general properties of X-ray emission from "normal" massive stars, especially the long standing mystery about the correlations between the parameters of X-ray emission and fundamental stellar properties. The recent development in stellar structure modeling shows that small-scale surface magnetic fields may be common. We suggest a "hybrid" scenario which could explain the X-ray emission from massive stars by a combination of magnetic mechanisms on the surface and shocks in the stellar wind. The magnetic mechanisms and the wind shocks are triggered by convective motions in sub-photospheric layers. This scenario opens the door for a natural explanation of the well established correlation between bolometric and X-ray luminosities.}, language = {en} } @article{HainichRuehlingTodtetal.2014, author = {Hainich, Rainer and Ruehling, Ute and Todt, Helge Tobias and Oskinova, Lidia M. and Liermann, A. and Graefener, G. and Foellmi, C. and Schnurr, O. and Hamann, Wolf-Rainer}, title = {The Wolf-Rayet stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud - A comprehensive analysis of the WN class}, series = {Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal}, volume = {565}, journal = {Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal}, publisher = {EDP Sciences}, address = {Les Ulis}, issn = {0004-6361}, doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/201322696}, pages = {62}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Context. Massive stars, although being important building blocks of galaxies, are still not fully understood. This especially holds true for Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars with their strong mass loss, whose spectral analysis requires adequate model atmospheres. Aims. Following our comprehensive studies of the WR stars in the Milky Way, we now present spectroscopic analyses of almost all known WN stars in the LMC. Methods. For the quantitative analysis of the wind-dominated emission-line spectra, we employ the Potsdam Wolf-Rayet (PoWR) model atmosphere code. By fitting synthetic spectra to the observed spectral energy distribution and the available spectra (ultraviolet and optical), we obtain the physical properties of 107 stars. Results. We present the fundamental stellar and wind parameters for an almost complete sample of WN stars in the LMC. Among those stars that are putatively single, two different groups can be clearly distinguished. While 12\% of our sample are more luminous than 10(6) L-circle dot and contain a significant amount of hydrogen, 88\% of the WN stars, with little or no hydrogen, populate the luminosity range between log (L/L-circle dot) = 5.3 ... 5.8. Conclusions. While the few extremely luminous stars (log (L/L-circle dot) > 6), if indeed single stars, descended directly from the main sequence at very high initial masses, the bulk of WN stars have gone through the red-supergiant phase. According to their luminosities in the range of log (L/L-circle dot) = 5.3 ... 5.8, these stars originate from initial masses between 20 and 40 M-circle dot. This mass range is similar to the one found in the Galaxy, i.e. the expected metallicity dependence of the evolution is not seen. Current stellar evolution tracks, even when accounting for rotationally induced mixing, still partly fail to reproduce the observed ranges of luminosities and initial masses. Moreover, stellar radii are generally larger and effective temperatures correspondingly lower than predicted from stellar evolution models, probably due to subphotospheric inflation.}, language = {en} } @article{CorcoranNicholsPabloetal.2015, author = {Corcoran, Michael F. and Nichols, Joy S. and Pablo, Herbert and Shenar, Tomer and Pollock, Andy M. T. and Waldron, Wayne L. and Moffat, Anthony F. J. and Richardson, Noel D. and Russell, Christopher M. P. and Hamaguchi, Kenji and Huenemoerder, David P. and Oskinova, Lidia M. and Hamann, Wolf-Rainer and Naze, Yael and Ignace, Richard and Evans, Nancy Remage and Lomax, Jamie R. and Hoffman, Jennifer L. and Gayley, Kenneth and Owocki, Stanley P. and Leutenegger, Maurice and Gull, Theodore R. and Hole, Karen Tabetha and Lauer, Jennifer and Iping, Rosina C.}, title = {A coordinated X-Ray and optical campaign of the nearest massive eclipsing binary, delta ORIONIS Aa. I. Overview of thr X-Ray spectrum}, series = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics}, volume = {809}, journal = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics}, number = {2}, publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {0004-637X}, doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/809/2/132}, pages = {15}, year = {2015}, abstract = {We present an overview of four deep phase-constrained Chandra HETGS X-ray observations of delta Ori A. Delta Ori A is actually a triple system that includes the nearest massive eclipsing spectroscopic binary, delta Ori Aa, the only such object that can be observed with little phase-smearing with the Chandra gratings. Since the fainter star, delta Ori Aa2, has a much lower X-ray luminosity than the brighter primary (delta Ori Aa1), delta Ori Aa provides a unique system with which to test the spatial distribution of the X-ray emitting gas around delta Ori Aa1 via occultation by the photosphere of, and wind cavity around, the X-ray dark secondary. Here we discuss the X-ray spectrum and X-ray line profiles for the combined observation, having an exposure time of nearly 500 ks and covering nearly the entire binary orbit. The companion papers discuss the X-ray variability seen in the Chandra spectra, present new space-based photometry and ground-based radial velocities obtained simultaneously with the X-ray data to better constrain the system parameters, and model the effects of X-rays on the optical and UV spectra. We find that the X-ray emission is dominated by embedded wind shock emission from star Aa1, with little contribution from the tertiary star Ab or the shocked gas produced by the collision of the wind of Aa1 against the surface of Aa2. We find a similar temperature distribution to previous X-ray spectrum analyses. We also show that the line half-widths are about 0.3-0.5 times the terminal velocity of the wind of star Aa1. We find a strong anti-correlation between line widths and the line excitation energy, which suggests that longer-wavelength, lower-temperature lines form farther out in the wind. Our analysis also indicates that the ratio of the intensities of the strong and weak lines of Fe XVII and Ne X are inconsistent with model predictions, which may be an effect of resonance scattering.}, language = {en} } @book{AscheBrechenmacherBiermannetal.2022, author = {Asche, Matthias and Brechenmacher, Thomas and Biermann, Felix and Partenheimer, Lutz and Folwarczny, Uwe and Niggemann, Ulrich and G{\"o}se, Frank and H{\"o}pel, Thomas and Czech, Vinzenz and Yaldiz, Yunus and Martin, Angela and Bahl, Peter and Schenck, Marcia C. and Gl{\"o}ckner, Olaf}, title = {Hier geblieben?}, editor = {Asche, Matthias and Brechenmacher, Thomas}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-506-4}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-49936}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-499360}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {262}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die historische Forschung hat seit l{\"a}ngerem herausgearbeitet, dass Migration nichts von einer Norm Abweichendes ist, sondern vielmehr ein »konstitutives Element der Menschheitsgeschichte« (J. Oltmer), der Mensch mithin stets ein »homo migrans« (K.-J. Bade) war. Auch die Geschichte Brandenburgs wurde seit jeher von Einwanderungsprozessen gepr{\"a}gt. Von »Toleranz« im modernen Sinne kann freilich keine Rede sein, sondern meistens ging es um {\"o}konomisch nutzbringende Aufnahme bestimmter Gruppen. Sehr oft waren die Ansiedlungen aber auch das Ergebnis von Flucht, Vertreibung und kriegerischer Gewalt. Der vorliegende Band zeigt anhand von Beispielen vom fr{\"u}hen Mittelalter bis zur Gegenwart die Bedeutung der Zuwanderung f{\"u}r Brandenburg auf. Der Bogen reicht von der slawischen Einwanderung des 8./9. Jahrhunderts bis zur Ankunft russisch-j{\"u}discher »Kontingentfl{\"u}chtlinge« im Gefolge der deutschen Wiedervereinigung, von Niederl{\"a}ndern, Juden, Hugenotten, Revolutionsfl{\"u}chtlingen in der Fr{\"u}hen Neuzeit bis hin zu Muslimen, Zwangsarbeitern, Vertriebenen und DDR-»Fremdarbeitern« im 20. Jahrhundert - eine Geschichte der Vielfalt des brandenburgischen Raumes und seiner Bev{\"o}lkerung im Spiegel der Zuwanderung.}, language = {de} } @article{KreibichDiBaldassarreVorogushynetal.2017, author = {Kreibich, Heidi and Di Baldassarre, Giuliano and Vorogushyn, Sergiy and Aerts, Jeroen C. J. H. and Apel, Heiko and Aronica, Giuseppe T. and Arnbjerg-Nielsen, Karsten and Bouwer, Laurens M. and Bubeck, Philip and Caloiero, Tommaso and Chinh, Do T. and Cortes, Maria and Gain, Animesh K. and Giampa, Vincenzo and Kuhlicke, Christian and Kundzewicz, Zbigniew W. and Llasat, Maria Carmen and Mard, Johanna and Matczak, Piotr and Mazzoleni, Maurizio and Molinari, Daniela and Dung, Nguyen V. and Petrucci, Olga and Schr{\"o}ter, Kai and Slager, Kymo and Thieken, Annegret and Ward, Philip J. and Merz, Bruno}, title = {Adaptation to flood risk}, series = {Earth's Future}, volume = {5}, journal = {Earth's Future}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {2328-4277}, doi = {10.1002/2017EF000606}, pages = {953 -- 965}, year = {2017}, abstract = {As flood impacts are increasing in large parts of the world, understanding the primary drivers of changes in risk is essential for effective adaptation. To gain more knowledge on the basis of empirical case studies, we analyze eight paired floods, that is, consecutive flood events that occurred in the same region, with the second flood causing significantly lower damage. These success stories of risk reduction were selected across different socioeconomic and hydro-climatic contexts. The potential of societies to adapt is uncovered by describing triggered societal changes, as well as formal measures and spontaneous processes that reduced flood risk. This novel approach has the potential to build the basis for an international data collection and analysis effort to better understand and attribute changes in risk due to hydrological extremes in the framework of the IAHSs Panta Rhei initiative. Across all case studies, we find that lower damage caused by the second event was mainly due to significant reductions in vulnerability, for example, via raised risk awareness, preparedness, and improvements of organizational emergency management. Thus, vulnerability reduction plays an essential role for successful adaptation. Our work shows that there is a high potential to adapt, but there remains the challenge to stimulate measures that reduce vulnerability and risk in periods in which extreme events do not occur.}, language = {en} } @book{RanaMohapatraSidorovaetal.2022, author = {Rana, Kaushik and Mohapatra, Durga Prasad and Sidorova, Julia and Lundberg, Lars and Sk{\"o}ld, Lars and Lopes Grim, Lu{\´i}s Fernando and Sampaio Gradvohl, Andr{\´e} Leon and Cremerius, Jonas and Siegert, Simon and Weltzien, Anton von and Baldi, Annika and Klessascheck, Finn and Kalancha, Svitlana and Lichtenstein, Tom and Shaabani, Nuhad and Meinel, Christoph and Friedrich, Tobias and Lenzner, Pascal and Schumann, David and Wiese, Ingmar and Sarna, Nicole and Wiese, Lena and Tashkandi, Araek Sami and van der Walt, Est{\´e}e and Eloff, Jan H. P. and Schmidt, Christopher and H{\"u}gle, Johannes and Horschig, Siegfried and Uflacker, Matthias and Najafi, Pejman and Sapegin, Andrey and Cheng, Feng and Stojanovic, Dragan and Stojnev Ilić, Aleksandra and Djordjevic, Igor and Stojanovic, Natalija and Predic, Bratislav and Gonz{\´a}lez-Jim{\´e}nez, Mario and de Lara, Juan and Mischkewitz, Sven and Kainz, Bernhard and van Hoorn, Andr{\´e} and Ferme, Vincenzo and Schulz, Henning and Knigge, Marlene and Hecht, Sonja and Prifti, Loina and Krcmar, Helmut and Fabian, Benjamin and Ermakova, Tatiana and Kelkel, Stefan and Baumann, Annika and Morgenstern, Laura and Plauth, Max and Eberhard, Felix and Wolff, Felix and Polze, Andreas and Cech, Tim and Danz, Noel and Noack, Nele Sina and Pirl, Lukas and Beilharz, Jossekin Jakob and De Oliveira, Roberto C. L. and Soares, F{\´a}bio Mendes and Juiz, Carlos and Bermejo, Belen and M{\"u}hle, Alexander and Gr{\"u}ner, Andreas and Saxena, Vageesh and Gayvoronskaya, Tatiana and Weyand, Christopher and Krause, Mirko and Frank, Markus and Bischoff, Sebastian and Behrens, Freya and R{\"u}ckin, Julius and Ziegler, Adrian and Vogel, Thomas and Tran, Chinh and Moser, Irene and Grunske, Lars and Sz{\´a}rnyas, G{\´a}bor and Marton, J{\´o}zsef and Maginecz, J{\´a}nos and Varr{\´o}, D{\´a}niel and Antal, J{\´a}nos Benjamin}, title = {HPI Future SOC Lab - Proceedings 2018}, number = {151}, editor = {Meinel, Christoph and Polze, Andreas and Beins, Karsten and Strotmann, Rolf and Seibold, Ulrich and R{\"o}dszus, Kurt and M{\"u}ller, J{\"u}rgen}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-547-7}, issn = {1613-5652}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-56371}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-563712}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {x, 277}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The "HPI Future SOC Lab" is a cooperation of the Hasso Plattner Institute (HPI) and industry partners. Its mission is to enable and promote exchange and interaction between the research community and the industry partners. The HPI Future SOC Lab provides researchers with free of charge access to a complete infrastructure of state of the art hard and software. This infrastructure includes components, which might be too expensive for an ordinary research environment, such as servers with up to 64 cores and 2 TB main memory. The offerings address researchers particularly from but not limited to the areas of computer science and business information systems. Main areas of research include cloud computing, parallelization, and In-Memory technologies. This technical report presents results of research projects executed in 2018. Selected projects have presented their results on April 17th and November 14th 2017 at the Future SOC Lab Day events.}, language = {en} } @misc{GlinyanovaBounckenTiberiusetal.2021, author = {Glinyanova, Maria and Bouncken, Ricarda B. and Tiberius, Victor and Cuenca Ballester, Antonio C.}, title = {Five decades of corporate entrepreneurship research}, series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {4}, issn = {1867-5808}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-60855}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-608556}, pages = {29}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Research on corporate entrepreneurship—venturing activities by established corporations—has received increasing scholarly attention. We employ bibliometric methods to analyze the literature on corporate entrepreneurship published over the last five decades. Based on the results of citation and co-citation analyses, we reveal central works in the field and how they are interconnected. We investigate the underlying intellectual structure of the field. Our findings provide evidence of the growing maturity and interdisciplinarity of corporate entrepreneurship and provide insight into research themes. We find that resource-based view and its extensions still remain the predominant theoretical perspectives in the field. Drawing on these findings, we suggest directions for future research.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Haenel2021, author = {H{\"a}nel, Hilkje C.}, title = {Epistemic injustice and recognition theory: what we owe to refugees}, series = {Migration, recognition and critical theory}, volume = {21}, booktitle = {Migration, recognition and critical theory}, editor = {Schweiger, Gottfried}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-72731-4}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-72732-1_12}, pages = {257 -- 282}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This paper starts from the premise that Western states are connected to some of the harms refugees suffer from. It specifically focuses on the harm of acts of misrecognition and its relation to epistemic injustice that refugees suffer from in refugee camps, in detention centers, and during their desperate attempts to find refuge. The paper discusses the relation between hermeneutical injustice and acts of misrecognition, showing that these two phenomena are interconnected and that acts of misrecognition are particularly damaging when (a) they stretch over different contexts, leaving us without or with very few safe spaces, and (b) they dislocate us, leaving us without a community to turn to. The paper then considers the ways in which refugees experience acts of misrecognition and suffer from hermeneutical injustice, using the case of unaccompanied children at the well-known and overcrowded camp Moria in Greece, the case of unsafe detention centers in Libya, and the case of the denial to assistance on the Mediterranean and the resulting pushbacks from international waters to Libya as well as the preventable drowning of refugees in the Mediterranean to illustrate the arguments. Finally, the paper argues for specific duties toward refugees that result from the prior arguments on misrecognition and hermeneutical injustice.}, language = {en} } @article{Haenel2023, author = {H{\"a}nel, Hilkje C.}, title = {Germany's silence: testimonial injustice in the NSU investigation and willful ignorance in the NSU trial}, series = {Constellations : an international journal of critical and democratic theory}, journal = {Constellations : an international journal of critical and democratic theory}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {1351-0487}, doi = {10.1111/1467-8675.12703}, pages = {1 -- 16}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @article{Haenel2023, author = {H{\"a}nel, Hilkje C.}, title = {(Moralisch) guter Sex}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Praktische Philosophie}, volume = {9}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Praktische Philosophie}, number = {2}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Salzburg}, address = {Salzburg}, issn = {2409-9961}, doi = {10.22613/zfpp/9.2.2}, pages = {49 -- 78}, year = {2023}, abstract = {In einem k{\"u}rzlich erschienenen Artikel argumentiert Almut v. Wedelstaedt {\"u}berzeugend, warum Zustimmung zwar „die Bedingung f{\"u}r die Legitimation von Sex" ist (2020, 127), dass die moralische G{\"u}te von Sex aber nur dann einzusch{\"a}tzen ist, wenn wir darauf achten, ob die Beteiligten der Handlung sich auf Augenh{\"o}he begegnen. Die Idee ist: Es gibt legitime sexuelle Handlungen, die moralisch gut sind, und es gibt legitime sexuelle Handlungen, die moralisch besser sind. Hier m{\"o}chte ich die Idee des besseren Sexes genauer ausloten. W{\"a}hrend v. Wedelstaedt von moralisch gelungenem Sex spricht und somit auf der Ebene der moralischen Bewertung von Sex bleibt, m{\"o}chte ich die Frage danach stellen, was Sex qualitativ gut macht. Tats{\"a}chlich wird in der Zustimmungsdebatte meist davon ausgegangen, dass diese zwei Fragen wenig gemeinsam haben; ob eine sexuelle Handlung legitim ist, hat zun{\"a}chst nichts damit zu tun, ob diese auch gut ist. Ich werde drei Argumente liefern, warum wir legitimen Sex und qualitativ guten Sex zusammen betrachten sollten - und es wird sich zeigen, dass die gegenw{\"a}rtige philosophische und rechtstheoretische Debatte Zustimmung verk{\"u}rzt diskutiert und daher alleingenommen wenig hilfreich ist, stattdessen ben{\"o}tigt die Zustimmungsdebatte auch eine Untersuchung von qualitativ gutem Sex.}, language = {de} } @article{Haenel2024, author = {H{\"a}nel, Hilkje C.}, title = {Willful testimonial injustice as a form of epistemic injustice}, series = {European journal of philosophy}, journal = {European journal of philosophy}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0966-8373}, doi = {10.1111/ejop.12928}, pages = {1 -- 19}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In the debate on epistemic injustice, it is generally assumed that testimonial injustice as one form of epistemic injustice cannot be committed (fully) deliberately or intentionally because it involves unconscious identity prejudices. Drawing on the case of sexual violence against refugees in European refugee camps, this paper argues that there is a form of testimonial injustice—willful testimonial injustice—that is deliberate. To do so, the paper argues (a) that the hearer intentionally utilizes negative identity prejudices for a particular purpose and (b) that the hearer is aware of the fact that the intentionally used prejudices are in fact prejudices. Furthermore, the paper shows how testimonial injustice relates to recognition failures both in terms of a causal as well as a constitutive claim. In fact, introducing willful testimonial injustice can support the constitutive claim of such a relation that has so far received little attention. Besides arguing for a novel form of testimonial injustice and contributing to the recent debate on the relation between epistemic injustice and recognition failures, this paper is also motivated by the attempt to draw attention to the inhumane conditions for refugees at the border of Europe as well as elsewhere.}, language = {en} } @article{HaenelHaslangerKroeger2023, author = {H{\"a}nel, Hilkje C. and Haslanger, Sally and Kroeger, Odin}, title = {Analyzing social wrongs}, series = {Journal of social philosophy}, volume = {53}, journal = {Journal of social philosophy}, number = {4}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken, NJ}, issn = {0047-2786}, doi = {10.1111/josp.12505}, pages = {448 -- 453}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @article{VishnevetskayaHildebrandNizardoetal.2019, author = {Vishnevetskaya, Natalya S. and Hildebrand, Viet and Nizardo, Noverra Mardhatillah and Ko, Chia-Hsin and Di, Zhenyu and Radulescu, Aurel and Barnsley, Lester C. and M{\"u}ller-Buschbaum, Peter and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Papadakis, Christine M.}, title = {All-in-One "Schizophrenic" self-assembly of orthogonally tuned thermoresponsive diblock copolymers}, series = {Langmuir}, volume = {35}, journal = {Langmuir}, number = {19}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0743-7463}, doi = {10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00241}, pages = {6441 -- 6452}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Smart, fully orthogonal switching was realized in a highly biocompatible diblock copolymer system with variable trigger-induced aqueous self-assembly. The polymers are composed of nonionic and zwitterionic blocks featuring lower and upper critical solution temperatures (LCSTs and UCSTs). In the system investigated, diblock copolymers from poly(N-isopropyl methacrylamide) (PNIPMAM) and a poly(sulfobetaine methacrylamide), systematic variation of the molar mass of the latter block allowed for shifting the UCST of the latter above the LCST of the PNIPMAM block in a salt-free condition. Thus, successive thermal switching results in "schizophrenic" micellization, in which the roles of the hydrophobic core block and the hydrophilic shell block are interchanged depending on the temperature. Furthermore, by virtue of the strong electrolyte-sensitivity of the zwitterionic polysulfobetaine block, we succeeded to shift its UCST below the LCST of the PNIPMAM block by adding small amounts of an electrolyte, thus inverting the pathway of switching. This superimposed orthogonal switching by electrolyte addition enabled us to control the switching scenarios between the two types of micelles (i) via an insoluble state, if the LCST-type cloud point is below the UCST-type cloud point, which is the case at low salt concentrations or (ii) via a molecularly dissolved state, if the LCST-type cloud point is above the UCST-type cloud point, which is the case at high salt concentrations. Systematic variation of the block lengths allowed for verifying the anticipated behavior and identifying the molecular architecture needed. The versatile and tunable self-assembly offers manifold opportunities, for example, for smart emulsifiers or for sophisticated carrier systems.}, language = {en} } @article{Haenel2022, author = {H{\"a}nel, Hilkje C.}, title = {Einleitung: Epistemische Ungerechtigkeiten}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r praktische Philosophie}, volume = {9}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r praktische Philosophie}, number = {1}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Salzburg, Zentrum f{\"u}r Ethik und Armutsforschung}, address = {Salzburg}, issn = {2409-9961}, doi = {10.22613/zfpp/9.1.5}, pages = {141 -- 154}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die Debatte um epistemische Ungerechtigkeit verbindet normative Gerechtigkeitstheorien mit erkenntnistheoretischen Theorien und stellt somit die Art von wichtigen Fragen, die in den letzten Jahren sowohl innerhalb als auch außerhalb der Wissenschaft internationale Aufmerksamkeit erfahren haben. Verwiesen sei hier etwa auf soziale Bewegungen wie \#MeToo und \#BlackLivesMatter zeigen. Theorien der epistemischen Ungerechtigkeit (sowie verwandte Theorien wie Epistemologie des Unwissens, feministische Erkenntnistheorie und Standpunkttheorie) k{\"o}nnen sowohl epistemische Praktiken analysieren und einen Beitrag zu Gerechtigkeitstheorien und sozialer Epistemologie liefern, als auch zu ad{\"a}quateren Verst{\"a}ndnissen von existierenden Ungerechtigkeiten beitragen. In dem hier vorliegenden Schwerpunkt werden Beitr{\"a}ge zu eben solchen bislang wenig erforschten Ungerechtigkeiten sowie neue Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge zur Debatte um epistemische Ungerechtigkeiten geliefert.}, language = {de} } @article{Haenel2022, author = {H{\"a}nel, Hilkje C.}, title = {Potentially disabled?}, series = {Inquiry}, journal = {Inquiry}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, issn = {0020-174X}, doi = {10.1080/0020174X.2022.2136753}, pages = {1 -- 26}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Ten years ago, I was diagnosed with a rare illness called Myasthenia Gravis. Myasthenia Gravis is a long-term neuromuscular autoimmune disease where antibodies block or destroy specific receptors at the junction between nerve and muscle; hence, nerve impulses fail to trigger muscle contractions. The disease leads to varying degrees of muscle weakness. Currently, I have only minor symptoms, I am not seriously impaired, and I do not suffer from any social disadvantage because of my illness. Yet, my life and my body since my diagnosis feel different than before. In this paper I aim to make this feeling intelligible and propose that it is a state of what I call 'latent impairment'. Latent impairment is a state of being 'in between', different from being actually impaired and also different from being abled-bodied. The theory takes its cues both from social constructionist theories of disability as well as theories of (chronic) illness and their focus on the importance of subjectivity. Furthermore, I suggest that a phenomenological understanding of latent impairment can show possible ways of becoming an ally to the DRM.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Haenel2023, author = {H{\"a}nel, Hilkje C.}, title = {Behinderung als soziale Kategorie im Kontext epistemischer Ungerechtigkeiten, Ignoranz und Abh{\"a}ngigkeit}, series = {Bedeutung und Implikationen epistemischer Ungerechtigkeit}, booktitle = {Bedeutung und Implikationen epistemischer Ungerechtigkeit}, editor = {Schleidgen, Sebastian and Friedrich, Orsolya and Wolkenstein, Andreas}, publisher = {Tectum}, address = {Baden-Baden}, isbn = {978-3-8288-4660-9}, doi = {10.5771/9783828877368-153}, pages = {153 -- 182}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @incollection{Haenel2023, author = {H{\"a}nel, Hilkje C.}, title = {Epistemische Ungerechtigkeiten zwischen Medizin und Technik}, series = {Medizin - Technik - Ethik}, volume = {5}, booktitle = {Medizin - Technik - Ethik}, editor = {Loh, Janina and Grote, Thomas}, publisher = {J.B. Metzler}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-662-65867-3}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-662-65868-0_5}, pages = {87 -- 106}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Nicht erst seit Covid-19 sind die Wissens- und Kommunikationsl{\"u}cken sowie die Hierarchie zwischen {\"A}rzt*innen und Patient*innen offensichtlich. Zus{\"a}tzlich befinden sich kranke Menschen sowohl aufgrund ihrer Krankheit als auch aufgrund ihrer Abh{\"a}ngigkeit vom Gesundheitswesen in einer besonders verletzlichen Lage; Patient*innen sind ein paradigmatisches Beispiel f{\"u}r fragile epistemische Subjekte. Im vorliegenden Text wird zun{\"a}chst skizziert inwieweit Patient*innen fragile epistemische Subjekte sind und welche Formen testimonialer und hermeneutischer Ungerechtigkeit im Gesundheitswesen besonders zum Tragen kommen. Danach wird ein besonderes Augenmerk auf die Idee gelegt, dass sogenannte „pathozentrische epistemische Ungerechtigkeiten" durch bestimmte theoretische Vorstellungen von Gesundheit untermauert und reproduziert werden. Hierbei soll schlussendlich untersucht werden, inwieweit dieses Problem durch technische Mittel in der Medizin verst{\"a}rkt oder geschw{\"a}cht werden kann; so reproduzieren Algorithmen beispielsweise die vorhandenen Vorstellungen und Praktiken.}, language = {de} } @misc{SadovnichiiPanasyukAmelyushkinetal.2017, author = {Sadovnichii, V. A. and Panasyuk, M. I. and Amelyushkin, A. M. and Bogomolov, V. V. and Benghin, V. V. and Garipov, G. K. and Kalegaev, V. V. and Klimov, P. A. and Khrenov, B. A. and Petrov, V. L. and Sharakin, S. A. and Shirokov, A. V. and Svertilov, S. I. and Zotov, M. Y. and Yashin, I. V. and Gorbovskoy, E. S. and Lipunov, V. M. and Park, I. H. and Lee, J. and Jeong, S. and Kim, M. B. and Jeong, H. M. and Shprits, Yuri and Angelopoulos, V. and Russell, C. T. and Runov, A. and Turner, D. and Strangeway, R. J. and Caron, R. and Biktemerova, S. and Grinyuk, A. and Lavrova, M. and Tkachev, L. and Tkachenko, A. and Martinez, O. and Salazar, H. and Ponce, E.}, title = {"Lomonosov" Satellite-Space Observatory to Study Extreme Phenomena in Space}, series = {Space science reviews}, volume = {212}, journal = {Space science reviews}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {0038-6308}, doi = {10.1007/s11214-017-0425-x}, pages = {1705 -- 1738}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The "Lomonosov" space project is lead by Lomonosov Moscow State University in collaboration with the following key partners: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Russia, University of California, Los Angeles (USA), University of Pueblo (Mexico), Sungkyunkwan University (Republic of Korea) and with Russian space industry organi-zations to study some of extreme phenomena in space related to astrophysics, astroparticle physics, space physics, and space biology. The primary goals of this experiment are to study: -Ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) in the energy range of the Greizen-ZatsepinKuzmin (GZK) cutoff; -Ultraviolet (UV) transient luminous events in the upper atmosphere; -Multi-wavelength study of gamma-ray bursts in visible, UV, gamma, and X-rays; -Energetic trapped and precipitated radiation (electrons and protons) at low-Earth orbit (LEO) in connection with global geomagnetic disturbances; -Multicomponent radiation doses along the orbit of spacecraft under different geomagnetic conditions and testing of space segments of optical observations of space-debris and other space objects; -Instrumental vestibular-sensor conflict of zero-gravity phenomena during space flight. This paper is directed towards the general description of both scientific goals of the project and scientific equipment on board the satellite. The following papers of this issue are devoted to detailed descriptions of scientific instruments.}, language = {en} } @article{KronbergRashevDalyetal.2016, author = {Kronberg, Elena A. and Rashev, M. V. and Daly, P. W. and Shprits, Yuri and Turner, D. L. and Drozdov, Alexander and Dobynde, M. and Kellerman, Adam C. and Fritz, T. A. and Pierrard, V. and Borremans, K. and Klecker, B. and Friedel, R.}, title = {Contamination in electron observations of the silicon detector on board}, series = {Space Weather: The International Journal of Research and Applications}, volume = {14}, journal = {Space Weather: The International Journal of Research and Applications}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1542-7390}, doi = {10.1002/2016SW001369}, pages = {449 -- 462}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Since more than 15 years, the Cluster mission passes through Earth's radiation belts at least once every 2 days for several hours, measuring the electron intensity at energies from 30 to 400 keV. These data have previously been considered not usable due to contamination caused by penetrating energetic particles (protons at >100 keV and electrons at >400 keV). In this study, we assess the level of distortion of energetic electron spectra from the Research with Adaptive Particle Imaging Detector (RAPID)/Imaging Electron Spectrometer (IES) detector, determining the efficiency of its shielding. We base our assessment on the analysis of experimental data and a radiation transport code (Geant4). In simulations, we use the incident particle energy distribution of the AE9/AP9 radiation belt models. We identify the Roederer L values, L\&\#8902;, and energy channels that should be used with caution: at 3\&\#8804;L\&\#8902;\&\#8804;4, all energy channels (40-400 keV) are contaminated by protons (\&\#8771;230 to 630 keV and >600 MeV); at L\&\#8902;\&\#8771;1 and 4-6, the energy channels at 95-400 keV are contaminated by high-energy electrons (>400 keV). Comparison of the data with electron and proton observations from RBSP/MagEIS indicates that the subtraction of proton fluxes at energies \&\#8771; 230-630 keV from the IES electron data adequately removes the proton contamination. We demonstrate the usefulness of the corrected data for scientific applications.}, language = {en} } @article{SmirnovKronbergDalyetal.2020, author = {Smirnov, Artem G. and Kronberg, Elena A. and Daly, Patrick W. and Aseev, Nikita and Shprits, Yuri and Kellerman, Adam C.}, title = {Adiabatic Invariants Calculations for Cluster Mission: A Long-Term Product for Radiation Belts Studies}, series = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics}, volume = {125}, journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics}, number = {2}, publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Inc.}, address = {New Jersey}, pages = {12}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The Cluster mission has produced a large data set of electron flux measurements in the Earth's magnetosphere since its launch in late 2000. Electron fluxes are measured using Research with Adaptive Particle Imaging Detector (RAPID)/Imaging Electron Spectrometer (IES) detector as a function of energy, pitch angle, spacecraft position, and time. However, no adiabatic invariants have been calculated for Cluster so far. In this paper we present a step-by-step guide to calculations of adiabatic invariants and conversion of the electron flux to phase space density (PSD) in these coordinates. The electron flux is measured in two RAPID/IES energy channels providing pitch angle distribution at energies 39.2-50.5 and 68.1-94.5 keV in nominal mode since 2004. A fitting method allows to expand the conversion of the differential fluxes to the range from 40 to 150 keV. Best data coverage for phase space density in adiabatic invariant coordinates can be obtained for values of second adiabatic invariant, K, similar to 10(2), and values of the first adiabatic invariant mu in the range approximate to 5-20 MeV/G. Furthermore, we describe the production of a new data product "LSTAR," equivalent to the third adiabatic invariant, available through the Cluster Science Archive for years 2001-2018 with 1-min resolution. The produced data set adds to the availability of observations in Earth's radiation belts region and can be used for long-term statistical purposes.}, language = {en} } @misc{ShpritsMeniettiDrozdovetal.2018, author = {Shprits, Yuri and Menietti, J. D. and Drozdov, Alexander and Horne, Richard B. and Woodfield, Emma E. and Groene, J. B. and de Soria-Santacruz, M. and Averkamp, T. F. and Garrett, H. and Paranicas, C. and Gurnett, Don A.}, title = {Strong whistler mode waves observed in the vicinity of Jupiter's moons}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {695}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-42627}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-426278}, pages = {6}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Understanding of wave environments is critical for the understanding of how particles are accelerated and lost in space. This study shows that in the vicinity of Europa and Ganymede, that respectively have induced and internal magnetic fields, chorus wave power is significantly increased. The observed enhancements are persistent and exceed median values of wave activity by up to 6 orders of magnitude for Ganymede. Produced waves may have a pronounced effect on the acceleration and loss of particles in the Jovian magnetosphere and other astrophysical objects. The generated waves are capable of significantly modifying the energetic particle environment, accelerating particles to very high energies, or producing depletions in phase space density. Observations of Jupiter's magnetosphere provide a unique opportunity to observe how objects with an internal magnetic field can interact with particles trapped in magnetic fields of larger scale objects.}, language = {en} } @article{AseevShpritsDrozdovetal.2016, author = {Aseev, Nikita and Shprits, Yuri and Drozdov, Alexander and Kellerman, Adam C.}, title = {Numerical applications of the advective-diffusive codes for the inner magnetosphere}, series = {Space Weather: The International Journal of Research and Applications}, volume = {14}, journal = {Space Weather: The International Journal of Research and Applications}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1542-7390}, doi = {10.1002/2016SW001484}, pages = {993 -- 1010}, year = {2016}, abstract = {In this study we present analytical solutions for convection and diffusion equations. We gather here the analytical solutions for the one-dimensional convection equation, the two-dimensional convection problem, and the one- and two-dimensional diffusion equations. Using obtained analytical solutions, we test the four-dimensional Versatile Electron Radiation Belt code (the VERB-4D code), which solves the modified Fokker-Planck equation with additional convection terms. The ninth-order upwind numerical scheme for the one-dimensional convection equation shows much more accurate results than the results obtained with the third-order scheme. The universal limiter eliminates unphysical oscillations generated by high-order linear upwind schemes. Decrease in the space step leads to convergence of a numerical solution of the two-dimensional diffusion equation with mixed terms to the analytical solution. We compare the results of the third- and ninth-order schemes applied to magnetospheric convection modeling. The results show significant differences in electron fluxes near geostationary orbit when different numerical schemes are used.}, language = {en} } @article{ShpritsDrozdovSpasojevicetal.2016, author = {Shprits, Yuri and Drozdov, Alexander and Spasojevic, Maria and Kellerman, Adam C. and Usanova, Maria E. and Engebretson, Mark J. and Agapitov, Oleksiy V. and Zhelavskaya, Irina and Raita, Tero J. and Spence, Harlan E. and Baker, Daniel N. and Zhu, Hui and Aseev, Nikita}, title = {Wave-induced loss of ultra-relativistic electrons in the Van Allen radiation belts}, series = {Nature Communications}, volume = {7}, journal = {Nature Communications}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/ncomms12883}, pages = {7}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @article{AseevShpritsWangetal.2019, author = {Aseev, Nikita and Shprits, Yuri and Wang, Dedong and Wygant, John and Drozdov, Alexander and Kellerman, Adam C. and Reeves, Geoffrey D.}, title = {Transport and loss of ring current electrons inside geosynchronous orbit during the 17 March 2013 storm}, series = {Journal of geophysical research : Space physics}, volume = {124}, journal = {Journal of geophysical research : Space physics}, number = {2}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, address = {Washington}, issn = {2169-9380}, doi = {10.1029/2018JA026031}, pages = {915 -- 933}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Ring current electrons (1-100 keV) have received significant attention in recent decades, but many questions regarding their major transport and loss mechanisms remain open. In this study, we use the four-dimensional Versatile Electron Radiation Belt code to model the enhancement of phase space density that occurred during the 17 March 2013 storm. Our model includes global convection, radial diffusion, and scattering into the Earth's atmosphere driven by whistler-mode hiss and chorus waves. We study the sensitivity of the model to the boundary conditions, global electric field, the electric field associated with subauroral polarization streams, electron loss rates, and radial diffusion coefficients. The results of the code are almost insensitive to the model parameters above 4.5 RERE, which indicates that the general dynamics of the electrons between 4.5 RE and the geostationary orbit can be explained by global convection. We found that the major discrepancies between the model and data can stem from the inaccurate electric field model and uncertainties in lifetimes. We show that additional mechanisms that are responsible for radial transport are required to explain the dynamics of ≥40-keV electrons, and the inclusion of the radial diffusion rates that are typically assumed in radiation belt studies leads to a better agreement with the data. The overall effect of subauroral polarization streams on the electron phase space density profiles seems to be smaller than the uncertainties in other input parameters. This study is an initial step toward understanding the dynamics of these particles inside the geostationary orbit.}, language = {en} } @article{SmirnovKronbergLatallerieetal.2019, author = {Smirnov, Artem G. and Kronberg, Elena A. and Latallerie, F. and Daly, Patrick W. and Aseev, Nikita and Shprits, Yuri and Kellerman, Adam C. and Kasahara, Satoshi and Turner, Drew L. and Taylor, M. G. G. T.}, title = {Electron Intensity Measurements by the Cluster/RAPID/IES Instrument in Earth's Radiation Belts and Ring Current}, series = {Space Weather: The International Journal of Research and Applications}, volume = {17}, journal = {Space Weather: The International Journal of Research and Applications}, number = {4}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1542-7390}, doi = {10.1029/2018SW001989}, pages = {553 -- 566}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Plain Language Summary Radiation belts of the Earth, which are the zones of charged energetic particles trapped by the geomagnetic field, comprise enormous and dynamic systems. While the inner radiation belt, composed mainly of high-energy protons, is relatively stable, the outer belt, filled with energetic electrons, is highly variable and depends substantially on solar activity. Hence, extended reliable observations and the improved models of the electron intensities in the outer belt depending on solar wind parameters are necessary for prediction of their dynamics. The Cluster mission has been measuring electron flux intensities in the radiation belts since its launch in 2000, thus providing a huge dataset that can be used for radiation belts analysis. Using 16 years of electron measurements by the Cluster mission corrected for background contamination, we derived a uniform linear-logarithmic dependence of electron fluxes in the outer belt on the solar wind dynamic pressure.}, language = {en} } @misc{SmirnovKronbergDalyetal.2020, author = {Smirnov, Artem G. and Kronberg, Elena A. and Daly, Patrick W. and Aseev, Nikita and Shprits, Yuri and Kellerman, Adam C.}, title = {Adiabatic Invariants Calculations for Cluster Mission: A Long-Term Product for Radiation Belts Studies}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {2}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-52391}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-523915}, pages = {14}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The Cluster mission has produced a large data set of electron flux measurements in the Earth's magnetosphere since its launch in late 2000. Electron fluxes are measured using Research with Adaptive Particle Imaging Detector (RAPID)/Imaging Electron Spectrometer (IES) detector as a function of energy, pitch angle, spacecraft position, and time. However, no adiabatic invariants have been calculated for Cluster so far. In this paper we present a step-by-step guide to calculations of adiabatic invariants and conversion of the electron flux to phase space density (PSD) in these coordinates. The electron flux is measured in two RAPID/IES energy channels providing pitch angle distribution at energies 39.2-50.5 and 68.1-94.5 keV in nominal mode since 2004. A fitting method allows to expand the conversion of the differential fluxes to the range from 40 to 150 keV. Best data coverage for phase space density in adiabatic invariant coordinates can be obtained for values of second adiabatic invariant, K, similar to 10(2), and values of the first adiabatic invariant mu in the range approximate to 5-20 MeV/G. Furthermore, we describe the production of a new data product "LSTAR," equivalent to the third adiabatic invariant, available through the Cluster Science Archive for years 2001-2018 with 1-min resolution. The produced data set adds to the availability of observations in Earth's radiation belts region and can be used for long-term statistical purposes.}, language = {en} } @article{ShpritsMeniettiDrozdovetal.2018, author = {Shprits, Yuri and Menietti, J. D. and Drozdov, Alexander and Horne, Richard B. and Woodfield, Emma E. and Groene, J. B. and de Soria-Santacruz, M. and Averkamp, T. F. and Garrett, H. and Paranicas, C. and Gurnett, Don A.}, title = {Strong whistler mode waves observed in the vicinity of Jupiter's moons}, series = {Nature Communications}, volume = {9}, journal = {Nature Communications}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-018-05431-x}, pages = {6}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Understanding of wave environments is critical for the understanding of how particles are accelerated and lost in space. This study shows that in the vicinity of Europa and Ganymede, that respectively have induced and internal magnetic fields, chorus wave power is significantly increased. The observed enhancements are persistent and exceed median values of wave activity by up to 6 orders of magnitude for Ganymede. Produced waves may have a pronounced effect on the acceleration and loss of particles in the Jovian magnetosphere and other astrophysical objects. The generated waves are capable of significantly modifying the energetic particle environment, accelerating particles to very high energies, or producing depletions in phase space density. Observations of Jupiter's magnetosphere provide a unique opportunity to observe how objects with an internal magnetic field can interact with particles trapped in magnetic fields of larger scale objects.}, language = {en} } @misc{ShpritsZhelavskayaGreenetal.2018, author = {Shprits, Yuri and Zhelavskaya, Irina and Green, Janet C. and Pulkkinen, Antti A. and Horne, Richard B. and Pitchford, David and Glover, Alexi}, title = {Discussions on Stakeholder Requirements for Space Weather-Related Models}, series = {Space Weather: The International Journal of Research and Applications}, volume = {16}, journal = {Space Weather: The International Journal of Research and Applications}, number = {4}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1542-7390}, doi = {10.1002/2018SW001864}, pages = {341 -- 342}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Participants of the 2017 European Space Weather Week in Ostend, Belgium, discussed the stakeholder requirements for space weather-related models. It was emphasized that stakeholders show an increased interest in space weather-related models. Participants of the meeting discussed particular prediction indicators that can provide first-order estimates of the impact of space weather on engineering systems.}, language = {en} } @misc{ShpritsHorneKellermanetal.2018, author = {Shprits, Yuri and Horne, Richard B. and Kellerman, Adam C. and Drozdov, Alexander}, title = {The dynamics of Van Allen belts revisited}, series = {Nature physics}, volume = {14}, journal = {Nature physics}, number = {2}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {1745-2473}, doi = {10.1038/nphys4350}, pages = {102 -- 103}, year = {2018}, abstract = {In an effort to explain the formation of a narrow third radiation belt at ultra-relativistic energies detected during a solar storm in September 20121, Mann et al.2 present simulations from which they conclude it arises from a process of outward radial diffusion alone, without the need for additional loss processes from higher frequency waves. The comparison of observations with the model in Figs 2 and 3 of their Article clearly shows that even with strong radial diffusion rates, the model predicts a third belt near L* = 3 that is twice as wide as observed and approximately an order of magnitude more intense. We therefore disagree with their interpretation that "the agreement between the absolute fluxes from the model and those observed by REPT [the Relativistic Electron Proton Telescope] shown on Figs 2 and 3 is excellent." Previous studies3 have shown that outward radial diffusion plays a very important role in the dynamics of the outer belt and is capable of explaining rapid reductions in the electron flux. It has also been shown that it can produce remnant belts (Fig. 2 of a long-term simulation study4). However, radial diffusion alone cannot explain the formation of the narrow third belt at multi-MeV during September 2012. An additional loss mechanism is required. Higher radial diffusion rates cannot improve the comparison of model presented by Mann et al. with observations. A further increase in the radial diffusion rates (reported in Fig. 4 of the Supplementary Information of ref. 2) results in the overestimation of the outer belt fluxes by up to three orders of magnitude at energy of 3.4 MeV. Observations at 2 MeV, where belts show only a two-zone structure, were not presented by Mann et al. Moreover, simulations of electrons with energies below 2 MeV with the same diffusion rates and boundary conditions used by the authors would probably produce very strong depletions down to L = 3-3.5, where L is radial distance from the centre of the Earth to the given field line in the equatorial plane. Observations do not show a non-adiabatic loss below L ∼ 4.5 for 2 MeV. Such different dynamics between 2 MeV and above 4 MeV at around L = 3.5 are another indication that particles are scattered by electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves that affect only energies above a certain threshold. Observations of the phase space density (PSD) provide additional evidence for the local loss of electrons. Around L* = 3.5-4 PSD shows significant decrease by an order of magnitude starting in the afternoon of 3 September (Fig. 1a), while PSD above L* = 4 is increasing. The minimum in PSD between L* = 3.5-4 continues to decrease until 4 September. This evolution demonstrates that the loss is not produced by outward diffusion. Radial diffusion cannot produce deepening minima, as it works to smooth gradients. Just as growing peaks in PSD show the presence of localized acceleration5, deepening minima show the presence of localized loss. Figure 1: Time evolution of radiation profiles in electron PSD at relativistic and ultra-relativistic energies. figure 1 a, Similar to Supplementary Fig. 3 of ref. 2, but using TS07D model10 and for μ = 2,500 MeV G-1, K = 0.05 RE G0.5 (where RE is the radius of the Earth). b, Similar to Supplementary Fig. 3 of ref. 2, but using TS07D model and for μ = 700 MeV G-1, corresponding to MeV energies in the heart of the belt. Minimum in PSD in the heart of the multi-MeV electron radiation belt between 3.5 and 4 RE deepening between the afternoon of 3 September and 5 September clearly show that the narrow remnant belt at multi-MeV below 3.5 RE is produced by the local loss. Full size image The minimum in the outer boundary is reached on the evening of 2 September. After that, the outer boundary moves up, while the minimum decreases by approximately an order of magnitude, clearly showing that this main decrease cannot be explained by outward diffusion, and requires additional loss processes. The analysis of profiles of PSD is a standard tool used, for example, in the study about electron acceleration5 and routinely used by the entire Van Allen Probes team. In the Supplementary Information, we show that this analysis is validated by using different magnetic field models. The Supplementary Information also shows that measurements are above background noise. Deepening minima at multi-MeV during the times when the boundary flux increases are clearly seen in Fig. 1a. They show that there must be localized loss, as radial diffusion cannot produce a minimum that becomes lower with time. At lower energies of 1-2 MeV, which corresponds to lower values of the first adiabatic invariant μ (Fig. 1b), the profiles are monotonic between L* = 3-3.5, consistent with the absence of scattering by EMIC waves that affect only electrons above a certain energy threshold6,7,8,9. In summary, the results of the modelling and observations presented by Mann et al. do not lend support to the claim of explaining the dynamics of the ultra-relativistic third Van Allen radiation belt in terms of an outward radial diffusion process alone. While the outward radial diffusion driven by the loss to the magnetopause2 is certainly operating during this storm, there is compelling observational and modelling2,6 evidence that shows that very efficient localized electron loss operates during this storm at multi-MeV energies, consistent with localized loss produced by EMIC waves.}, language = {en} } @misc{SadovnichiiPanasyukAmelyushkinetal.2017, author = {Sadovnichii, V. A. and Panasyuk, M. I. and Amelyushkin, A. M. and Benghin, V. V. and Garipov, G. K. and Kalegaev, V. V. and Klimov, P. A. and Khrenov, B. A. and Petrov, V. L. and Sharakin, S. A. and Shirokov, A. V. and Svertilov, S. I. and Zotov, M. Y. and Yashin, I. V. and Gorbovskoy, E. S. and Lipunov, V. M. and Park, I. H. and Lee, J. and Jeong, S. and Kim, M. B. and Jeong, H. M. and Shprits, Yuri and Angelopoulos, V. and Russell, C. T. and Runov, A. and Turner, D. and Strangeway, R. J. and Caron, R. and Biktemerova, S. and Grinyuk, A. and Lavrova, M. and Tkachev, L. and Tkachenko, A. and Martinez, O. and Salazar, H. and Ponce, E.}, title = {"Lomonosov" satellite-space observatory to study extreme phenomena in space}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {959}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-42818}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-428185}, pages = {1705 -- 1738}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The "Lomonosov" space project is lead by Lomonosov Moscow State University in collaboration with the following key partners: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Russia, University of California, Los Angeles (USA), University of Pueblo (Mexico), Sungkyunkwan University (Republic of Korea) and with Russian space industry organi-zations to study some of extreme phenomena in space related to astrophysics, astroparticle physics, space physics, and space biology. The primary goals of this experiment are to study: -Ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) in the energy range of the Greizen-ZatsepinKuzmin (GZK) cutoff; -Ultraviolet (UV) transient luminous events in the upper atmosphere; -Multi-wavelength study of gamma-ray bursts in visible, UV, gamma, and X-rays; -Energetic trapped and precipitated radiation (electrons and protons) at low-Earth orbit (LEO) in connection with global geomagnetic disturbances; -Multicomponent radiation doses along the orbit of spacecraft under different geomagnetic conditions and testing of space segments of optical observations of space-debris and other space objects; -Instrumental vestibular-sensor conflict of zero-gravity phenomena during space flight. This paper is directed towards the general description of both scientific goals of the project and scientific equipment on board the satellite. The following papers of this issue are devoted to detailed descriptions of scientific instruments.}, language = {en} } @article{DrozdovShpritsUsanovaetal.2017, author = {Drozdov, Alexander and Shprits, Yuri and Usanova, Maria E. and Aseev, Nikita and Kellerman, Adam C. and Zhu, H.}, title = {EMIC wave parameterization in the long-term VERB code simulation}, series = {Journal of geophysical research : Space physics}, volume = {122}, journal = {Journal of geophysical research : Space physics}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, address = {Washington}, issn = {2169-9380}, doi = {10.1002/2017JA024389}, pages = {8488 -- 8501}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves play an important role in the dynamics of ultrarelativistic electron population in the radiation belts. However, as EMIC waves are very sporadic, developing a parameterization of such wave properties is a challenging task. Currently, there are no dynamic, activity-dependent models of EMIC waves that can be used in the long-term (several months) simulations, which makes the quantitative modeling of the radiation belt dynamics incomplete. In this study, we investigate Kp, Dst, and AE indices, solar wind speed, and dynamic pressure as possible parameters of EMIC wave presence. The EMIC waves are included in the long-term simulations (1year, including different geomagnetic activity) performed with the Versatile Electron Radiation Belt code, and we compare results of the simulation with the Van Allen Probes observations. The comparison shows that modeling with EMIC waves, parameterized by solar wind dynamic pressure, provides a better agreement with the observations among considered parameterizations. The simulation with EMIC waves improves the dynamics of ultrarelativistic fluxes and reproduces the formation of the local minimum in the phase space density profiles.}, language = {en} } @article{AseevShpritsDrozdovetal.2017, author = {Aseev, Nikita and Shprits, Yuri and Drozdov, Alexander and Kellerman, Adam C. and Usanova, Maria E. and Wang, D. and Zhelavskaya, Irina}, title = {Signatures of Ultrarelativistic Electron Loss in the Heart of the Outer Radiation Belt Measured by Van Allen Probes}, series = {Journal of geophysical research : Space physics}, volume = {122}, journal = {Journal of geophysical research : Space physics}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, address = {Washington}, issn = {2169-9380}, doi = {10.1002/2017JA024485}, pages = {10102 -- 10111}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Up until recently, signatures of the ultrarelativistic electron loss driven by electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves in the Earth's outer radiation belt have been limited to direct or indirect measurements of electron precipitation or the narrowing of normalized pitch angle distributions in the heart of the belt. In this study, we demonstrate additional observational evidence of ultrarelativistic electron loss that can be driven by resonant interaction with EMIC waves. We analyzed the profiles derived from Van Allen Probe particle data as a function of time and three adiabatic invariants between 9 October and 29 November 2012. New local minimums in the profiles are accompanied by the narrowing of normalized pitch angle distributions and ground\&\#8208;based detection of EMIC waves. Such a correlation may be indicative of ultrarelativistic electron precipitation into the Earth's atmosphere caused by resonance with EMIC waves.}, language = {en} } @article{HamannBrownFeldmeieretal.2001, author = {Hamann, Wolf-Rainer and Brown, John C. and Feldmeier, Achim and Oskinova, Lidia M.}, title = {On the wavelength drift of spectral features from structured hot star winds}, year = {2001}, abstract = {Spectral lines formed in stellar winds from OB stars are observed to exhibit profile variations. Discrete Absorption Components (DACs) show a remarkably slow wavelength drift with time. In a straightforward interpretation, this is in sharp contradiction to the steep velocity law predicted by the radiation-driven wind theory, and by semi- empirical profile fitting. In the present paper we re-discuss the interpretation of the drift rate. We show that the Co- rotating Interaction Region (CIR) model for the formation of DACs does not explain their slow drift rate as a consequence of rotation. On the contrary, the apparent acceleration of a spectral CIR feature is even higher than for the corresponding kinematical model without rotation. However, the observations can be understood by distinguishing between the velocity field of the matter flow, and the velocity law for the motion of the patterns in which the DAC features are formed. If the latter propagate upstream against the matter flow, the resulting wavelength drift mimics a much slower acceleration although the matter is moving fast. Additional to the DACs, a second type of recurrent structures is present in observed OB star spectra, the so-called modulations. In contrast to the DACs, these structures show a steep acceleration compatible with the theoretically predicted velocity law. We see only two possible consistent scenarios. Either, the wind is accelerated fast, and the modulations are formed in advected structures, while the DACs come from structures which are propagating upstream. Or, alternatively, steep and shallow velocity laws may co-exist at the same time in different spatial regions or directions of the wind.}, language = {en} } @article{OskinovaIgnaceHamannetal.2003, author = {Oskinova, Lidia M. and Ignace, Richard and Hamann, Wolf-Rainer and Pollock, A. M. T. and Brown, John C.}, title = {The conspicuous absence of X-ray emission from carbon-enriched Wolf-Rayet stars}, year = {2003}, abstract = {The carbon-rich WC5 star WR 114 was not detected during a 15.9 ksec XMM-Newton observation, implying an upper limit to the X-ray luminosity of Lx < 2.5 x 1030 ergs-1 and to the X-ray to bolometric luminosity ratio of Lx/Lbol < 4 x 10-9. This confirms indications from earlier less sensitive measurements that there has been no convincing X-ray detection of any single WC star. This lack of detections is reinforced by XMM-Newton and CHANDRA observations of WC stars. Thus the conclusion has to be drawn that the stars with radiatively-driven stellar winds of this particular class are insignificant X-ray sources. We attribute this to photoelectronic absorption by the stellar wind. The high opacity of the metal-rich and dense winds from WC stars puts the radius of optical depth unity at hundreds or thousands of stellar radii for much of the X-ray band. We believe that the essential absence of hot plasma so far out in the wind exacerbated by the large distances and correspondingly high ISM column densities makes the WC stars too faint to be detectable with current technology. The result also applies to many WC stars in binary systems, of which only about 20 \% are identified X-ray sources, presumably due to colliding winds.}, language = {en} } @article{IgnaceOskinovaBrown2003, author = {Ignace, Richard and Oskinova, Lidia M. and Brown, John C.}, title = {XMM-Newton Observations of the Nitrogen-Rich Wolf-Rayet star WR1}, year = {2003}, abstract = {We present XMM-Newton results for the X-ray spectrum from the N-rich Wolf-Rayet (WR) star WR 1. The EPIC instrument was used to obtain a medium-resolution spectrum. The following features characterize this spectrum: (a) significant emission "bumps" appear that are coincident with the wavelengths of typical strong lines, such as Mg XI, Si XIII and S XV; (b) little emission is detected above 4 keV, in contrast to recent reports of a hard component in the stars WR 6 and WR 110 which are of similar subtype; and (c) evidence for sulfur K-edge absorption at about 2.6 keV, which could only arise from absorption of X-rays by the ambient stellar wind. The lack of hard emission in our dataset is suggestive that WR 1 may truly be a single star, thus representing the first detailed X-ray spectrum that isolates the WR wind alone (in contrast to colliding wind zones). Although the properties of the S-edge are not well-constrained by our data, it does appear to be real, and its detection indicates that at least some of the hot gas in WR 1 must reside interior to the radius of optical depth unity for the total absorptive opacity at the energy of the edge.}, language = {en} } @article{BrownBarrettOskinovaetal.2004, author = {Brown, John C. and Barrett, R. K. and Oskinova, Lidia M. and Owocki, S. P. and Hamann, Wolf-Rainer and de Jong, J. A. and Kaper, L. and Henrichs, H. F.}, title = {Inference of hot star density stream properties from data on rotationally recurrent DACs}, issn = {0004-6361}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The information content of data on rotationally periodic recurrent discrete absorption components (DACs) in hot star wind emission lines is discussed. The data comprise optical depths tau(w,phi) as a function of dimensionless Doppler velocity w=(Deltalambda/lambda(0))(c/v(infinity)) and of time expressed in terms of stellar rotation angle phi. This is used to study the spatial distributions of density, radial and rotational velocities, and ionisation structures of the corotating wind streams to which recurrent DACs are conventionally attributed. The simplifying assumptions made to reduce the degrees of freedom in such structure distribution functions to match those in the DAC data are discussed and the problem then posed in terms of a bivariate relationship between tau(w, phi) and the radial velocity v(r)(r), transverse rotation rate Omega(r) and density rho(r, phi) structures of the streams. The discussion applies to cases where: the streams are equatorial; the system is seen edge on; the ionisation structure is approximated as uniform; the radial and transverse velocities are taken to be functions only of radial distance but the stream density is allowed to vary with azimuth. The last kinematic assumption essentially ignores the dynamical feedback of density on velocity and the relationship of this to fully dynamical models is discussed. The case of narrow streams is first considered, noting the result of Hamann et al. (2001) that the apparent acceleration of a narrow stream DAC is higher than the acceleration of the matter itself, so that the apparent slow acceleration of DACs cannot be attributed to the slowness of stellar rotation. Thus DACs either involve matter which accelerates slower than the general wind flow, or they are formed by structures which are not advected with the matter flow but propagate upstream (such as Abbott waves). It is then shown how, in the kinematic model approximation, the radial speed of the absorbing matter can be found by inversion of the apparent acceleration of the narrow DAC, for a given rotation law. The case of broad streams is more complex but also more informative. The observed tau(w,phi) is governed not only by v(r)(r) and Omega(r) of the absorbing stream matter but also by the density profile across the stream, determined by the azimuthal (phi(0)) distribution function F- 0(phi(0)) of mass loss rate around the stellar equator. When F-0(phi(0)) is fairly wide in phi(0), the acceleration of the DAC peak tau(w, phi) in w is generally slow compared with that of a narrow stream DAC and the information on v(r)(r), Omega(r) and F-0(phi(0)) is convoluted in the data tau(w, phi). We show that it is possible, in this kinematic model, to recover by inversion, complete information on all three distribution functions v(r)(r), Omega(r) and F- 0(phi(0)) from data on tau(w, phi) of sufficiently high precision and resolution since v(r)(r) and Omega(r) occur in combination rather than independently in the equations. This is demonstrated for simulated data, including noise effects, and is discussed in relation to real data and to fully hydrodynamic models}, language = {en} } @article{OskinovaSunEvansetal.2013, author = {Oskinova, Lidia M. and Sun, W. and Evans, C. J. and Henault-Brunet, V. and Chu, Y.-H. and Gallagher, J. S. and Guerrero, Mart{\´i}n A. and Gruendl, R. A. and G{\"u}del, M. and Silich, S. and Chen, Y. and Naze, Y. and Hainich, Rainer and Reyes-Iturbide, J.}, title = {Discovery of x-ray emission from young suns in the small magellanic cloud}, series = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics}, volume = {765}, journal = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics}, number = {1}, publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {0004-637X}, doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/765/1/73}, pages = {12}, year = {2013}, abstract = {We report the discovery of extended X-ray emission within the young star cluster NGC 602a in the Wing of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) based on observations obtained with the Chandra X-Ray Observatory. X-ray emission is detected from the cluster core area with the highest stellar density and from a dusty ridge surrounding the H II region. We use a census of massive stars in the cluster to demonstrate that a cluster wind or wind-blown bubble is unlikely to provide a significant contribution to the X-ray emission detected from the central area of the cluster. We therefore suggest that X-ray emission at the cluster core originates from an ensemble of low-and solar-mass pre-main-sequence (PMS) stars, each of which would be too weak in X-rays to be detected individually. We attribute the X-ray emission from the dusty ridge to the embedded tight cluster of the newborn stars known in this area from infrared studies. Assuming that the levels of X-ray activity in young stars in the low-metallicity environment of NGC 602a are comparable to their Galactic counterparts, then the detected spatial distribution, spectral properties, and level of X-ray emission are largely consistent with those expected from low-and solar-mass PMS stars and young stellar objects (YSOs). This is the first discovery of X-ray emission attributable to PMS stars and YSOs in the SMC, which suggests that the accretion and dynamo processes in young, low-mass objects in the SMC resemble those in the Galaxy.}, language = {en} } @article{PiroRenard2023, author = {Piro, Vitor C. and Renard, Bernhard Y.}, title = {Contamination detection and microbiome exploration with GRIMER}, series = {GigaScience}, volume = {12}, journal = {GigaScience}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {2047-217X}, doi = {10.1093/gigascience/giad017}, pages = {13}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Background: Contamination detection is a important step that should be carefully considered in early stages when designing and performing microbiome studies to avoid biased outcomes. Detecting and removing true contaminants is challenging, especially in low-biomass samples or in studies lacking proper controls. Interactive visualizations and analysis platforms are crucial to better guide this step, to help to identify and detect noisy patterns that could potentially be contamination. Additionally, external evidence, like aggregation of several contamination detection methods and the use of common contaminants reported in the literature, could help to discover and mitigate contamination. Results: We propose GRIMER, a tool that performs automated analyses and generates a portable and interactive dashboard integrating annotation, taxonomy, and metadata. It unifies several sources of evidence to help detect contamination. GRIMER is independent of quantification methods and directly analyzes contingency tables to create an interactive and offline report. Reports can be created in seconds and are accessible for nonspecialists, providing an intuitive set of charts to explore data distribution among observations and samples and its connections with external sources. Further, we compiled and used an extensive list of possible external contaminant taxa and common contaminants with 210 genera and 627 species reported in 22 published articles. Conclusion: GRIMER enables visual data exploration and analysis, supporting contamination detection in microbiome studies. The tool and data presented are open source and available at https://gitlab.com/dacs-hpi/grimer.}, language = {en} } @misc{BookerJacobRappetal.2016, author = {Booker, Anke and Jacob, Louis E. C. and Rapp, Michael A. and Bohlken, Jens and Kostev, Karel}, title = {Risk factors for dementia diagnosis in German primary care practices}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {449}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-413441}, pages = {7}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background: Dementia is a psychiatric condition the development of which is associated with numerous aspects of life. Our aim was to estimate dementia risk factors in German primary care patients. Methods: The case-control study included primary care patients (70-90 years) with first diagnosis of dementia (all-cause) during the index period (01/2010-12/2014) (Disease Analyzer, Germany), and controls without dementia matched (1:1) to cases on the basis of age, sex, type of health insurance, and physician. Practice visit records were used to verify that there had been 10 years of continuous follow-up prior to the index date. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted with dementia as a dependent variable and the potential predictors. Results: The mean age for the 11,956 cases and the 11,956 controls was 80.4 (SD: 5.3) years. 39.0\% of them were male and 1.9\% had private health insurance. In the multivariate regression model, the following variables were linked to a significant extent with an increased risk of dementia: diabetes (OR: 1.17; 95\% CI: 1.10-1.24), lipid metabolism (1.07; 1.00-1.14), stroke incl. TIA (1.68; 1.57-1.80), Parkinson's disease (PD) (1.89; 1.64-2.19), intracranial injury (1.30; 1.00-1.70), coronary heart disease (1.06; 1.00-1.13), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (2.12; 1.82-2.48), mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol use (1.96; 1.50-2.57). The use of statins (OR: 0.94; 0.90-0.99), proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) (0.93; 0.90-0.97), and antihypertensive drugs (0.96, 0.94-0.99) were associated with a decreased risk of developing dementia. Conclusions: Risk factors for dementia found in this study are consistent with the literature. Nevertheless, the associations between statin, PPI and antihypertensive drug use, and decreased risk of dementia need further investigations.}, language = {en} } @article{HerzschuhPestryakovaSavelievaetal.2013, author = {Herzschuh, Ulrike and Pestryakova, Luidmila Agafyevna and Savelieva, Larissa A. and Heinecke, Liv and B{\"o}hmer, Thomas and Biskaborn, Boris and Andreev, Andrei and Ramisch, Arne and Shinneman, Avery L. C. and Birks, H. John B.}, title = {Siberian larch forests and the ion content of thaw lakes form a geochemically functional entity}, series = {Nature Communications}, volume = {4}, journal = {Nature Communications}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/ncomms3408}, pages = {8}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Siberian larch forests growing on shallow permafrost soils have not, until now, been considered to be controlling the abiotic and biotic characteristics of the vast number of thaw-lake ecosystems. Here we show, using four independent data sets (a modern data set from 201 lakes from the tundra to taiga, and three lake-core records), that lake-water geochemistry in Yakutia is highly correlated with vegetation. Alkalinity increases with catchment forest density. We postulate that in this arid area, higher evapotranspiration in larch forests compared with that in the tundra vegetation leads to local salt accumulation in soils. Solutes are transported to nearby thaw lakes during rain events and snow melt, but are not fully transported into rivers, because there is no continuous groundwater flow within permafrost soils. This implies that potentially large shifts in the chemical characteristics of aquatic ecosystems to known warming are absent because of the slow response of catchment forests to climate change.}, language = {en} } @article{SchmelzbachTronickeDietrich2012, author = {Schmelzbach, C. and Tronicke, Jens and Dietrich, P.}, title = {High-resolution water content estimation from surface-based ground-penetrating radar reflection data by impedance inversion}, series = {Water resources research}, volume = {48}, journal = {Water resources research}, number = {31}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0043-1397}, doi = {10.1029/2012WR011955}, pages = {16}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Mapping hydrological parameter distributions in high resolution is essential to understand and simulate groundwater flow and contaminant transport. Of particular interest is surface-based ground-penetrating radar (GPR) reflection imaging in electrically resistive sediments because of the expected close link between the subsurface water content and the dielectric permittivity, which controls GPR wave velocity and reflectivity. Conventional tools like common midpoint (CMP) velocity analysis provide physical parameter models of limited resolution only. We present a novel reflection amplitude inversion workflow for surface-based GPR data capable of resolving the subsurface dielectric permittivity and related water content distribution with markedly improved resolution. Our scheme is an adaptation of a seismic reflection impedance inversion scheme to surface-based GPR data. Key is relative-amplitude-preserving data preconditioning including GPR deconvolution, which results in traces with the source-wavelet distortions and propagation effects largely removed. The subsequent inversion for the underlying dielectric permittivity and water content structure is constrained by in situ dielectric permittivity data obtained by direct-push logging. After demonstrating the potential of our novel scheme on a realistic synthetic data set, we apply it to two 2-D 100 MHz GPR profiles acquired over a shallow sedimentary aquifer resulting in water content images of the shallow (3-7 m depth) saturated zone having decimeter resolution.}, language = {en} } @article{SchmelzbachScherbaumTronickeetal.2011, author = {Schmelzbach, C. and Scherbaum, Frank and Tronicke, Jens and Dietrich, P.}, title = {Bayesian frequency-domain blind deconvolution of ground-penetrating radar data}, series = {Journal of applied geophysics}, volume = {75}, journal = {Journal of applied geophysics}, number = {4}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0926-9851}, doi = {10.1016/j.jappgeo.2011.08.010}, pages = {615 -- 630}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Enhancing the resolution and accuracy of surface ground-penetrating radar (GPR) reflection data by inverse filtering to recover a zero-phased band-limited reflectivity image requires a deconvolution technique that takes the mixed-phase character of the embedded wavelet into account. In contrast, standard stochastic deconvolution techniques assume that the wavelet is minimum phase and, hence, often meet with limited success when applied to GPR data. We present a new general-purpose blind deconvolution algorithm for mixed-phase wavelet estimation and deconvolution that (1) uses the parametrization of a mixed-phase wavelet as the convolution of the wavelet's minimum-phase equivalent with a dispersive all-pass filter, (2) includes prior information about the wavelet to be estimated in a Bayesian framework, and (3) relies on the assumption of a sparse reflectivity. Solving the normal equations using the data autocorrelation function provides an inverse filter that optimally removes the minimum-phase equivalent of the wavelet from the data, which leaves traces with a balanced amplitude spectrum but distorted phase. To compensate for the remaining phase errors, we invert in the frequency domain for an all-pass filter thereby taking advantage of the fact that the action of the all-pass filter is exclusively contained in its phase spectrum. A key element of our algorithm and a novelty in blind deconvolution is the inclusion of prior information that allows resolving ambiguities in polarity and timing that cannot be resolved using the sparseness measure alone. We employ a global inversion approach for non-linear optimization to find the all-pass filter phase values for each signal frequency. We tested the robustness and reliability of our algorithm on synthetic data with different wavelets, 1-D reflectivity models of different complexity, varying levels of added noise, and different types of prior information. When applied to realistic synthetic 2-D data and 2-D field data, we obtain images with increased temporal resolution compared to the results of standard processing.}, language = {en} }