@article{FrodermannWrohlichZucco2023, author = {Frodermann, Corinna and Wrohlich, Katharina and Zucco, Aline}, title = {Parental leave policy and long-run earnings of mothers}, series = {Labour economics}, volume = {80}, journal = {Labour economics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0927-5371}, doi = {10.1016/j.labeco.2022.102296}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Paid parental leave schemes have been shown to increase women's employment rates but to decrease their wages in case of extended leave duration. In view of these potential trade-offs, many countries are discussing the optimal design of parental leave policies. We analyze the impact of a major parental leave reform on mothers' long-term earnings. The 2007 German parental leave reform replaced a means-tested benefit with a more generous earnings-related benefit that is granted for a shorter period of time. Additionally, a "daddy quota" of two months was introduced. To identify the causal effect of this policy mix on long-run earnings of mothers, we use a difference-in-differences approach that compares labor market outcomes of mothers who gave birth just before and right after the reform and nets out seasonal effects by including the year before. Using administrative social security data, we confirm previous findings and show that the average duration of employment interruptions increased for mothers with high pre-birth earnings. Nevertheless, we find a positive long-run effect on earnings for mothers in this group. This effect cannot be explained by changes in the selection of working mothers, working hours or changes in employer stability. Descriptive evidence suggests that the stronger involvement of fathers, incentivized by the "daddy months", could have facilitated mothers' re-entry into the labor market and thereby increased earnings. For mothers with low pre-birth earnings, however, we do not find beneficial long-run effects of this parental leave reform.}, language = {en} } @article{WarschburgerKamrathLanzingeretal.2023, author = {Warschburger, Petra and Kamrath, Clemens and Lanzinger, Stefanie and Sengler, Claudia and Wiegand, Susanna and G{\"o}ldel, Julia Marlen and Weihrauch-Bl{\"u}her, Susann and Holl, Reinhard and Minden, Kirsten}, title = {A prospective analysis of the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on well-being and health care among children with a chronic condition and their families}, series = {BMC pediatrics}, volume = {23}, journal = {BMC pediatrics}, number = {1}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, address = {London}, issn = {1471-2431}, doi = {10.1186/s12887-023-03912-7}, pages = {15}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Background There is consistent evidence that the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with an increased psychosocial burden on children and adolescents and their parents. Relatively little is known about its particular impact on high-risk groups with chronic physical health conditions (CCs). Therefore, the primary aim of the study is to analyze the multiple impacts on health care and psychosocial well-being on these children and adolescents and their parents. Methods We will implement a two-stage approach. In the first step, parents and their underage children from three German patient registries for diabetes, obesity, and rheumatic diseases, are invited to fill out short questionnaires including questions about corona-specific stressors, the health care situation, and psychosocial well-being. In the next step, a more comprehensive, in-depth online survey is carried out in a smaller subsample. Discussion The study will provide insights into the multiple longer-term stressors during the COVID-19 pandemic in families with a child with a CC. The simultaneous consideration of medical and psycho-social endpoints will help to gain a deeper understanding of the complex interactions affecting family functioning, psychological well-being, and health care delivery.}, language = {en} } @article{ChengDennisOsuohaetal.2023, author = {Cheng, Feng and Dennis, Alice B. and Osuoha, Josephine Ijeoma and Canitz, Julia and Kirschbaum, Frank and Tiedemann, Ralph}, title = {A new genome assembly of an African weakly electric fish (Campylomormyrus compressirostris, Mormyridae) indicates rapid gene family evolution in Osteoglossomorpha}, series = {BMC genomics}, volume = {24}, journal = {BMC genomics}, number = {1}, publisher = {BMC}, address = {London}, issn = {1471-2164}, doi = {10.1186/s12864-023-09196-6}, pages = {13}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Background Teleost fishes comprise more than half of the vertebrate species. Within teleosts, most phylogenies consider the split between Osteoglossomorpha and Euteleosteomorpha/Otomorpha as basal, preceded only by the derivation of the most primitive group of teleosts, the Elopomorpha. While Osteoglossomorpha are generally species poor, the taxon contains the African weakly electric fish (Mormyroidei), which have radiated into numerous species. Within the mormyrids, the genus Campylomormyrus is mostly endemic to the Congo Basin. Campylomormyrus serves as a model to understand mechanisms of adaptive radiation and ecological speciation, especially with regard to its highly diverse species-specific electric organ discharges (EOD). Currently, there are few well-annotated genomes available for electric fish in general and mormyrids in particular. Our study aims at producing a high-quality genome assembly and to use this to examine genome evolution in relation to other teleosts. This will facilitate further understanding of the evolution of the osteoglossomorpha fish in general and of electric fish in particular. Results A high-quality weakly electric fish (C. compressirostris) genome was produced from a single individual with a genome size of 862 Mb, consisting of 1,497 contigs with an N50 of 1,399 kb and a GC-content of 43.69\%. Gene predictions identified 34,492 protein-coding genes, which is a higher number than in the two other available Osteoglossomorpha genomes of Paramormyrops kingsleyae and Scleropages formosus. A Computational Analysis of gene Family Evolution (CAFE5) comparing 33 teleost fish genomes suggests an overall faster gene family turnover rate in Osteoglossomorpha than in Otomorpha and Euteleosteomorpha. Moreover, the ratios of expanded/contracted gene family numbers in Osteoglossomorpha are significantly higher than in the other two taxa, except for species that had undergone an additional genome duplication (Cyprinus carpio and Oncorhynchus mykiss). As potassium channel proteins are hypothesized to play a key role in EOD diversity among species, we put a special focus on them, and manually curated 16 Kv1 genes. We identified a tandem duplication in the KCNA7a gene in the genome of C. compressirostris. Conclusions We present the fourth genome of an electric fish and the third well-annotated genome for Osteoglossomorpha, enabling us to compare gene family evolution among major teleost lineages. Osteoglossomorpha appear to exhibit rapid gene family evolution, with more gene family expansions than contractions. The curated Kv1 gene family showed seven gene clusters, which is more than in other analyzed fish genomes outside Osteoglossomorpha. The KCNA7a, encoding for a potassium channel central for EOD production and modulation, is tandemly duplicated which may related to the diverse EOD observed among Campylomormyrus species.}, language = {en} } @article{FehrPiccininniKurthetal.2023, author = {Fehr, Jana and Piccininni, Marco and Kurth, Tobias and Konigorski, Stefan}, title = {Assessing the transportability of clinical prediction models for cognitive impairment using causal models}, series = {BMC medical research methodology}, volume = {23}, journal = {BMC medical research methodology}, number = {1}, publisher = {BMC}, address = {London}, issn = {1471-2288}, doi = {10.1186/s12874-023-02003-6}, pages = {14}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Background Machine learning models promise to support diagnostic predictions, but may not perform well in new settings. Selecting the best model for a new setting without available data is challenging. We aimed to investigate the transportability by calibration and discrimination of prediction models for cognitive impairment in simulated external settings with different distributions of demographic and clinical characteristics. Methods We mapped and quantified relationships between variables associated with cognitive impairment using causal graphs, structural equation models, and data from the ADNI study. These estimates were then used to generate datasets and evaluate prediction models with different sets of predictors. We measured transportability to external settings under guided interventions on age, APOE \& epsilon;4, and tau-protein, using performance differences between internal and external settings measured by calibration metrics and area under the receiver operating curve (AUC). Results Calibration differences indicated that models predicting with causes of the outcome were more transportable than those predicting with consequences. AUC differences indicated inconsistent trends of transportability between the different external settings. Models predicting with consequences tended to show higher AUC in the external settings compared to internal settings, while models predicting with parents or all variables showed similar AUC. Conclusions We demonstrated with a practical prediction task example that predicting with causes of the outcome results in better transportability compared to anti-causal predictions when considering calibration differences. We conclude that calibration performance is crucial when assessing model transportability to external settings.}, language = {en} } @article{Tosch2023, author = {Tosch, Frank}, title = {Jena-Plan-P{\"a}dagogik zwischen Schulfortschritt und Schulstreit an der weltlichen Volksschule in Finsterwalde am Ende der Weimarer Republik}, series = {Bildung im gesellschaftlichen Kontext = Education in social context}, journal = {Bildung im gesellschaftlichen Kontext = Education in social context}, editor = {Meier, Bernd and Jakupec, Viktor}, publisher = {trafo}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-86464-258-6}, pages = {55 -- 86}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @article{D'Aprile2023, author = {D'Aprile, Iwan-Michelangelo}, title = {Algerier in Spandau, Germanen in Paraguay. Georg Friedlaenders ‚Aus den Kriegstagen 1870' und die Folgen}, series = {Fontane Bl{\"a}tter}, journal = {Fontane Bl{\"a}tter}, number = {116}, editor = {D'Aprile, Iwan-Michelangelo and Trilcke, Peer}, publisher = {Theodor-Fontane-Archiv}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {0015-6175}, pages = {84 -- 105}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @article{DiBelloHartmannMajumdaretal.2023, author = {Di Bello, Costantino and Hartmann, Alexander K. and Majumdar, Satya N. and Mori, Francesco and Rosso, Alberto and Schehr, Gregory}, title = {Current fluctuations in stochastically resetting particle systems}, series = {Physical review : E, Statistical, nonlinear and soft matter physics}, volume = {108}, journal = {Physical review : E, Statistical, nonlinear and soft matter physics}, number = {1}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, address = {College Park}, issn = {2470-0045}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevE.108.014112}, pages = {18}, year = {2023}, abstract = {We consider a system of noninteracting particles on a line with initial positions distributed uniformly with density ? on the negative half-line. We consider two different models: (i) Each particle performs independent Brownian motion with stochastic resetting to its initial position with rate r and (ii) each particle performs run -and-tumble motion, and with rate r its position gets reset to its initial value and simultaneously its velocity gets randomized. We study the effects of resetting on the distribution P(Q, t) of the integrated particle current Q up to time t through the origin (from left to right). We study both the annealed and the quenched current distributions and in both cases, we find that resetting induces a stationary limiting distribution of the current at long times. However, we show that the approach to the stationary state of the current distribution in the annealed and the quenched cases are drastically different for both models. In the annealed case, the whole distribution P-an(Q, t) approaches its stationary limit uniformly for all Q. In contrast, the quenched distribution P-qu(Q, t) attains its stationary form for Q < Q(crit)(t), while it remains time dependent for Q > Q(crit)(t). We show that Q(crit)(t) increases linearly with t for large t. On the scale where Q <; Q(crit)(t), we show that P-qu(Q, t) has an unusual large deviation form with a rate function that has a third-order phase transition at the critical point. We have computed the associated rate functions analytically for both models. Using an importance sampling method that allows to probe probabilities as tiny as 10-14000, we were able to compute numerically this nonanalytic rate function for the resetting Brownian dynamics and found excellent agreement with our analytical prediction.}, language = {en} } @article{GrdseloffBouldayRoedeletal.2023, author = {Grdseloff, Nastasja and Boulday, Gwenola and Roedel, Claudia J. and Otten, Cecile and Vannier, Daphne Raphaelle and Cardoso, Cecile and Faurobert, Eva and Dogra, Deepika and Tournier-Lasserve, Elisabeth and Abdelilah-Seyfried, Salim}, title = {Impaired retinoic acid signaling in cerebral cavernous malformations}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {13}, journal = {Scientific reports}, number = {1}, publisher = {Nature Portfolio}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-023-31905-0}, pages = {11}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The capillary-venous pathology cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is caused by loss of CCM1/Krev interaction trapped protein 1 (KRIT1), CCM2/MGC4607, or CCM3/PDCD10 in some endothelial cells. Mutations of CCM genes within the brain vasculature can lead to recurrent cerebral hemorrhages. Pharmacological treatment options are urgently needed when lesions are located in deeply-seated and in-operable regions of the central nervous system. Previous pharmacological suppression screens in disease models of CCM led to the discovery that treatment with retinoic acid improved CCM phenotypes. This finding raised a need to investigate the involvement of retinoic acid in CCM and test whether it has a curative effect in preclinical mouse models. Here, we show that components of the retinoic acid synthesis and degradation pathway are transcriptionally misregulated across disease models of CCM. We complemented this analysis by pharmacologically modifying retinoic acid levels in zebrafish and human endothelial cell models of CCM, and in acute and chronic mouse models of CCM. Our pharmacological intervention studies in CCM2-depleted human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and krit1 mutant zebrafish showed positive effects when retinoic acid levels were increased. However, therapeutic approaches to prevent the development of vascular lesions in adult chronic murine models of CCM were drug regiment-sensitive, possibly due to adverse developmental effects of this hormone. A treatment with high doses of retinoic acid even worsened CCM lesions in an adult chronic murine model of CCM. This study provides evidence that retinoic acid signaling is impaired in the CCM pathophysiology and suggests that modification of retinoic acid levels can alleviate CCM phenotypes.}, language = {en} } @article{SmithBoers2023, author = {Smith, Taylor and Boers, Niklas}, title = {Global vegetation resilience linked to water availability and variability}, series = {Nature Communications}, volume = {14}, journal = {Nature Communications}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {London}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-023-36207-7}, pages = {11}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Quantifying the resilience of vegetated ecosystems is key to constraining both present-day and future global impacts of anthropogenic climate change. Here we apply both empirical and theoretical resilience metrics to remotely-sensed vegetation data in order to examine the role of water availability and variability in controlling vegetation resilience at the global scale. We find a concise global relationship where vegetation resilience is greater in regions with higher water availability. We also reveal that resilience is lower in regions with more pronounced inter-annual precipitation variability, but find less concise relationships between vegetation resilience and intra-annual precipitation variability. Our results thus imply that the resilience of vegetation responds differently to water deficits at varying time scales. In view of projected increases in precipitation variability, our findings highlight the risk of ecosystem degradation under ongoing climate change. Vegetation dynamics depend on both the amount of precipitation and its variability over time. Here, the authors show that vegetation resilience is greater where water availability is higher and where precipitation is more stable from year to year.}, language = {en} } @article{FalkenhagenKnoechelKloftetal.2023, author = {Falkenhagen, Undine and Kn{\"o}chel, Jane and Kloft, Charlotte and Huisinga, Wilhelm}, title = {Deriving mechanism-based pharmacodynamic models by reducing quantitative systems pharmacology models}, series = {CPT: Pharmacometrics \& Systems Pharmacology}, volume = {12}, journal = {CPT: Pharmacometrics \& Systems Pharmacology}, number = {4}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {2163-8306}, doi = {10.1002/psp4.12903}, pages = {432 -- 443}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) models integrate comprehensive qualitative and quantitative knowledge about pharmacologically relevant processes. We previously proposed a first approach to leverage the knowledge in QSP models to derive simpler, mechanism-based pharmacodynamic (PD) models. Their complexity, however, is typically still too large to be used in the population analysis of clinical data. Here, we extend the approach beyond state reduction to also include the simplification of reaction rates, elimination of reactions, and analytic solutions. We additionally ensure that the reduced model maintains a prespecified approximation quality not only for a reference individual but also for a diverse virtual population. We illustrate the extended approach for the warfarin effect on blood coagulation. Using the model-reduction approach, we derive a novel small-scale warfarin/international normalized ratio model and demonstrate its suitability for biomarker identification. Due to the systematic nature of the approach in comparison with empirical model building, the proposed model-reduction algorithm provides an improved rationale to build PD models also from QSP models in other applications.}, language = {en} } @article{LewkowiczBoettingerSiegel2023, author = {Lewkowicz, Daniel and B{\"o}ttinger, Erwin and Siegel, Martin}, title = {Economic evaluation of digital therapeutic care apps for unsupervised treatment of low back pain}, series = {JMIR mhealth and uhealth}, volume = {11}, journal = {JMIR mhealth and uhealth}, publisher = {JMIR Publications}, address = {Toronto}, issn = {2291-5222}, doi = {10.2196/44585}, pages = {14}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Background: Digital therapeutic care (DTC) programs are unsupervised app-based treatments that provide video exercises and educational material to patients with nonspecific low back pain during episodes of pain and functional disability. German statutory health insurance can reimburse DTC programs since 2019, but evidence on efficacy and reasonable pricing remains scarce. This paper presents a probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) to evaluate the efficacy and cost-utility of a DTC app against treatment as usual (TAU) in Germany. Objective: The aim of this study was to perform a PSA in the form of a Monte Carlo simulation based on the deterministic base case analysis to account for model assumptions and parameter uncertainty. We also intend to explore to what extent the results in this probabilistic analysis differ from the results in the base case analysis and to what extent a shortage of outcome data concerning quality-of-life (QoL) metrics impacts the overall results. Methods: The PSA builds upon a state-transition Markov chain with a 4-week cycle length over a model time horizon of 3 years from a recently published deterministic cost-utility analysis. A Monte Carlo simulation with 10,000 iterations and a cohort size of 10,000 was employed to evaluate the cost-utility from a societal perspective. Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were derived from Veterans RAND 6-Dimension (VR-6D) and Short-Form 6-Dimension (SF-6D) single utility scores. Finally, we also simulated reducing the price for a 3-month app prescription to analyze at which price threshold DTC would result in being the dominant strategy over TAU in Germany. Results: The Monte Carlo simulation yielded on average a euro135.97 (a currency exchange rate of EUR euro1=US \$1.069 is applicable) incremental cost and 0.004 incremental QALYs per person and year for the unsupervised DTC app strategy compared to in-person physiotherapy in Germany. The corresponding incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR) amounts to an additional euro34,315.19 per additional QALY. DTC yielded more QALYs in 54.96\% of the iterations. DTC dominates TAU in 24.04\% of the iterations for QALYs. Reducing the app price in the simulation from currently euro239.96 to euro164.61 for a 3-month prescription could yield a negative ICUR and thus make DTC the dominant strategy, even though the estimated probability of DTC being more effective than TAU is only 54.96\%. Conclusions: Decision-makers should be cautious when considering the reimbursement of DTC apps since no significant treatment effect was found, and the probability of cost-effectiveness remains below 60\% even for an infinite willingness-to-pay threshold. More app-based studies involving the utilization of QoL outcome parameters are urgently needed to account for the low and limited precision of the available QoL input parameters, which are crucial to making profound recommendations concerning the cost-utility of novel apps.}, language = {en} } @article{KapidzicFreyNeubergeretal.2023, author = {Kapidzic, Sanja and Frey, Felix and Neuberger, Christoph and Stieglitz, Stefan and Mirbabaie, Milad}, title = {Crisis communication on Twitter}, series = {International journal of communication}, volume = {17}, journal = {International journal of communication}, publisher = {The Annenberg Center for Communication}, address = {Los Angeles, Calif.}, issn = {1932-8036}, pages = {735 -- 754}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The study explores differences between three user types in the top tweets about the 2015 "refugee crisis" in Germany and presents the results of a quantitative content analysis. All tweets with the keyword "Fl{\"u}chtlinge" posted for a monthlong period following September 13, 2015, the day Germany decided to implement border controls, were collected (N = 763,752). The top 2,495 tweets according to number of retweets were selected for analysis. Differences between news media, public and private actor tweets in topics, tweet characteristics such as tone and opinion expression, links, and specific sentiments toward refugees were analyzed. We found strong differences between the tweets. Public actor tweets were the main source of positive sentiment toward refugees and the main information source on refugee support. News media tweets mostly reflected traditional journalistic norms of impartiality and objectivity, whereas private actor tweets were more diverse in sentiments toward refugees.}, language = {en} } @article{AgtheKayserSchwarzetal.2023, author = {Agthe, Maria and Kayser, Daniela Niesta and Schwarz, Sascha and Maner, Jon K.}, title = {Antecedents of the red-romance effect}, series = {PLOS ONE / Public Library of Science}, volume = {18}, journal = {PLOS ONE / Public Library of Science}, number = {4}, publisher = {PLOS}, address = {San Fransisco}, issn = {1932-6203}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0284035}, pages = {19}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The color red has been implicated in a variety of social processes, including those involving mating. While previous research suggests that women sometimes wear red strategically to increase their attractiveness, the replicability of this literature has been questioned. The current research is a reasonably powered conceptual replication designed to strengthen this literature by testing whether women are more inclined to display the color red 1) during fertile (as compared with less fertile) days of the menstrual cycle, and 2) when expecting to interact with an attractive man (as compared with a less attractive man and with a control condition). Analyses controlled for a number of theoretically relevant covariates (relationship status, age, the current weather). Only the latter hypothesis received mixed support (mainly among women on hormonal birth control), whereas results concerning the former hypothesis did not reach significance. Women (N = 281) displayed more red when expecting to interact with an attractive man; findings did not support the prediction that women would increase their display of red on fertile days of the cycle. Findings thus suggested only mixed replicability for the link between the color red and psychological processes involving romantic attraction. They also illustrate the importance of further investigating the boundary conditions of color effects on everyday social processes.}, language = {en} } @article{SchmickerFruehlingMenzeetal.2023, author = {Schmicker, Marlen and Fr{\"u}hling, Insa and Menze, Inga and Glanz, Wenzel and M{\"u}ller, Patrick and Noesselt, Toemme and M{\"u}ller, Notger Germar}, title = {The potential role of gustatory function as an early diagnostic marker for the risk of alzheimer's disease in subjective cognitive decline}, series = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports : JADR}, volume = {7}, journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports : JADR}, number = {1}, publisher = {IOS Press}, address = {Clifton, VA}, issn = {2542-4823}, doi = {10.3233/ADR220092}, pages = {249 -- 262}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Background: Patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) report memory deterioration and are at an increased risk of converting to Alzheimer's disease (AD) although psychophysical testing does not reveal any cognitive deficit. Objective: Here, gustatory function is investigated as a potential predictor for an increased risk of progressive cognitive decline indicating higher AD risk in SCD. Methods: Measures of smell and taste perception as well as neuropsychological data were assessed in patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD): Subgroups with an increased likelihood of the progression to preclinical AD (SCD+) and those with a lower likelihood (SCD-) were compared to healthy controls (HC), patients with mild cognitive impairment and AD patients. The Sniffin' Sticks test contained 12 items with different qualities and taste was measured with 32 taste stripes (sweet, salty, bitter, sour) of different concentration. Results: Only taste was able to distinguish between HC/SCD- and SCD+ patients. Conclusion: This study provides a first hint of taste as a more sensitive marker than smell for detecting preclinical AD in SCD. Longitudinal observation of cognition and pathology are necessary to further evaluate taste perception as a predictor of pathological objective decline in cognition.}, language = {en} } @article{deCarvalhoSouzaBarrocasFischeretal.2023, author = {de Carvalho Souza, Alyson Matheus and Barrocas, Roberta and Fischer, Martin H. and Arnaud, Emanuel and Moeller, Korbinian and Renn{\´o}-Costa, C{\´e}sar}, title = {Combining virtual reality and tactile stimulation to investigate embodied finger-based numerical representations}, series = {Frontiers in psychology / Frontiers Research Foundation}, volume = {14}, journal = {Frontiers in psychology / Frontiers Research Foundation}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1119561}, pages = {13}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Finger-based representation of numbers is a high-level cognitive strategy to assist numerical and arithmetic processing in children and adults. It is unclear whether this paradigm builds on simple perceptual features or comprises several attributes through embodiment. Here we describe the development and initial testing of an experimental setup to study embodiment during a finger-based numerical task using Virtual Reality (VR) and a low-cost tactile stimulator that is easy to build. Using VR allows us to create new ways to study finger-based numerical representation using a virtual hand that can be manipulated in ways our hand cannot, such as decoupling tactile and visual stimuli. The goal is to present a new methodology that can allow researchers to study embodiment through this new approach, maybe shedding new light on the cognitive strategy behind the finger-based representation of numbers. In this case, a critical methodological requirement is delivering precisely targeted sensory stimuli to specific effectors while simultaneously recording their behavior and engaging the participant in a simulated experience. We tested the device's capability by stimulating users in different experimental configurations. Results indicate that our device delivers reliable tactile stimulation to all fingers of a participant's hand without losing motion tracking quality during an ongoing task. This is reflected by an accuracy of over 95\% in participants detecting stimulation of a single finger or multiple fingers in sequential stimulation as indicated by experiments with sixteen participants. We discuss possible application scenarios, explain how to apply our methodology to study the embodiment of finger-based numerical representations and other high-level cognitive functions, and discuss potential further developments of the device based on the data obtained in our testing.}, language = {en} } @article{StueblerKloftHuisinga2023, author = {St{\"u}bler, Sabine and Kloft, Charlotte and Huisinga, Wilhelm}, title = {Cell-level systems biology model to study inflammatory bowel diseases and their treatment options}, series = {CPT: pharmacometrics \& systems pharmacology}, volume = {12}, journal = {CPT: pharmacometrics \& systems pharmacology}, number = {5}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2163-8306}, doi = {10.1002/psp4.12932}, pages = {690 -- 705}, year = {2023}, abstract = {To help understand the complex and therapeutically challenging inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), we developed a systems biology model of the intestinal immune system that is able to describe main aspects of IBD and different treatment modalities thereof. The model, including key cell types and processes of the mucosal immune response, compiles a large amount of isolated experimental findings from literature into a larger context and allows for simulations of different inflammation scenarios based on the underlying data and assumptions. In the context of a large and diverse virtual IBD population, we characterized the patients based on their phenotype (in contrast to healthy individuals, they developed persistent inflammation after a trigger event) rather than on a priori assumptions on parameter differences to a healthy individual. This allowed to reproduce the enormous diversity of predispositions known to lead to IBD. Analyzing different treatment effects, the model provides insight into characteristics of individual drug therapy. We illustrate for anti-TNF-alpha therapy, how the model can be used (i) to decide for alternative treatments with best prospects in the case of nonresponse, and (ii) to identify promising combination therapies with other available treatment options.}, language = {en} } @article{OPUS4-60777, title = {Der Allgemeine Teil des Wirtschaftsstrafrechts}, series = {Beitr{\"a}ge zum Strafrecht}, volume = {18}, journal = {Beitr{\"a}ge zum Strafrecht}, editor = {Albrecht, Anna Helena and Steinberg, Georg}, publisher = {Nomos}, address = {Baden-Baden}, isbn = {978-3-7560-0638-0}, doi = {10.5771/9783748942689}, pages = {263}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Der Band widmet sich im Schwerpunkt aktuellen Fragestellungen an der Schnittmenge vom allgemeinen Teil des Strafrechts und der spezifischen Materie des Wirtschaftsstrafrechts. Er enth{\"a}lt die Vortr{\"a}ge, die Hans Achenbach, J{\"o}rg Eisele, Christian Schr{\"o}der und Detlev Sternberg-Lieben im Juli 2022 auf dem Kolloquium zu dem Thema „Der Allgemeine Teil des Wirtschaftsstrafrechts" zu Ehren von Wolfgang Mitsch und Uwe Hellmann gehalten haben. Sie werden erg{\"a}nzt um weitere Beitr{\"a}ge aus dem wissenschaftlichen Umfeld der zu Ehrenden.}, language = {de} } @article{KohlerBradyGuerraetal.2023, author = {Kohler, Ulrich and Brady, David and Guerra, Christian and Link, Bruce}, title = {The long term relationship between Medicaid expansion and adult life-threatening chronic conditions}, series = {Social policy and administration}, volume = {58}, journal = {Social policy and administration}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0144-5596}, doi = {10.1111/spol.12942}, pages = {39 -- 60}, year = {2023}, abstract = {We test whether the expansions of children's Medicaid eligibility in the 1980s-1990s resulted in long-term health benefits in terms of severe chronic conditions. Still relatively rare in the field, we use prospective individual-level panel data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) along with the higher quality income measures from the Cross-National Equivalent File (adjusting for taxes, transfers and household size). We observe severe chronic conditions (high blood pressure/heart disease, cancer, diabetes, or lung disease) at ages 30-56 (average age 43.1) for 4670 respondents who were also prospectively observed during childhood (i.e., at ages 0-17). Our analysis exploits within-region temporal variation in childhood Medicaid eligibility and adjusts for state- and individual-level controls. We uniquely concentrate attention on adjusting for childhood income. A standard deviation greater childhood Medicaid eligibility significantly reduces the probability of severe chronic conditions in adulthood by 0.05 to 0.12 (16\%-37.5\% reduction from mean 0.32). Across the range of observed childhood Medicaid eligibility, the probability is approximately cut in half. Greater childhood Medicaid eligibility also substantially reduces childhood income disparities in severe chronic conditions. At higher levels of childhood Medicaid eligibility, we find no significant childhood income disparities in adult severe chronic conditions.}, language = {en} } @article{EhrigWagnerWolteretal.2023, author = {Ehrig, Lukas and Wagner, Ann-Christin and Wolter, Heike and Correll, Christoph U. and Geisel, Olga and Konigorski, Stefan}, title = {FASDetect as a machine learning-based screening app for FASD in youth with ADHD}, series = {npj Digital Medicine}, volume = {6}, journal = {npj Digital Medicine}, number = {1}, publisher = {Macmillan Publishers Limited}, address = {Basingstoke}, issn = {2398-6352}, doi = {10.1038/s41746-023-00864-1}, pages = {9}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Fetal alcohol-spectrum disorder (FASD) is underdiagnosed and often misdiagnosed as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Here, we develop a screening tool for FASD in youth with ADHD symptoms. To develop the prediction model, medical record data from a German University outpatient unit are assessed including 275 patients aged 0-19 years old with FASD with or without ADHD and 170 patients with ADHD without FASD aged 0-19 years old. We train 6 machine learning models based on 13 selected variables and evaluate their performance. Random forest models yield the best prediction models with a cross-validated AUC of 0.92 (95\% confidence interval [0.84, 0.99]). Follow-up analyses indicate that a random forest model with 6 variables - body length and head circumference at birth, IQ, socially intrusive behaviour, poor memory and sleep disturbance - yields equivalent predictive accuracy. We implement the prediction model in a web-based app called FASDetect - a user-friendly, clinically scalable FASD risk calculator that is freely available at https://fasdetect.dhc-lab.hpi.de.}, language = {en} } @article{SlosarekIbingSchormairetal.2023, author = {Slosarek, Tamara and Ibing, Susanne and Schormair, Barbara and Heyne, Henrike and B{\"o}ttinger, Erwin and Andlauer, Till and Schurmann, Claudia}, title = {Implementation and evaluation of personal genetic testing as part of genomics analysis courses in German universities}, series = {BMC Medical Genomics}, volume = {16}, journal = {BMC Medical Genomics}, number = {1}, publisher = {BMC}, address = {London}, issn = {1755-8794}, doi = {10.1186/s12920-023-01503-0}, pages = {13}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Purpose Due to the increasing application of genome analysis and interpretation in medical disciplines, professionals require adequate education. Here, we present the implementation of personal genotyping as an educational tool in two genomics courses targeting Digital Health students at the Hasso Plattner Institute (HPI) and medical students at the Technical University of Munich (TUM). Methods We compared and evaluated the courses and the students ' perceptions on the course setup using questionnaires. Results During the course, students changed their attitudes towards genotyping (HPI: 79\% [15 of 19], TUM: 47\% [25 of 53]). Predominantly, students became more critical of personal genotyping (HPI: 73\% [11 of 15], TUM: 72\% [18 of 25]) and most students stated that genetic analyses should not be allowed without genetic counseling (HPI: 79\% [15 of 19], TUM: 70\% [37 of 53]). Students found the personal genotyping component useful (HPI: 89\% [17 of 19], TUM: 92\% [49 of 53]) and recommended its inclusion in future courses (HPI: 95\% [18 of 19], TUM: 98\% [52 of 53]). Conclusion Students perceived the personal genotyping component as valuable in the described genomics courses. The implementation described here can serve as an example for future courses in Europe.}, language = {en} }