@misc{Sanner2005,
  author    = {Sanner, Helge},
  title     = {Imperfect goods and labor markets, and the union wage gap},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-6511},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Existing theoretical literature fails to explain satisfactorily the differences between the pay of workers that are covered by collective agreements and others who are not. This study aims at providing a model framework which is amenable for an analysis of this issue. Our general-equilibrium approach integrates a dual labor market and a two-sector product market. The results suggest that the so-called 'union wage gap' is largely determined by the degree of centralization of the bargains, and, to a somewhat lesser extent, by the expenditure share of the unionized sector's goods.},
  subject      = {Verhandlungstheorie},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{SiepmannSalzbergLudwig2004,
  author    = {Siepmann, Gerda and Salzberg-Ludwig, Karin},
  title     = {Research project to the subject},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-6502},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{HeinkenRaudnitschka2002,
  author    = {Heinken, Thilo and Raudnitschka, Dorit},
  title     = {Do wild ungulates contribute to the dispersal of vascular plants in central European forests by epizoochory?},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-5850},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {The external dispersal ("epizoochory") of vascular plant diaspores (seeds and fruits) by roe deer and wild boar, i.e. the most common wild large mammals with a large home range in central Europe, was investigated in a 6.5-km² forest area in NE Germany dominated by mesic deciduous forests. The study involved brushing out the diaspores from the coats and hooves of 25 shot roe deer and nine wild boar. The results were compared with the forest vegetation of the study area. Whilst wild boar transported large amounts of various diaspores in the coat, the significance of roe deer for epizoochory was low due to their sleek fur and different behaviour compared to wild boar. Altogether, 55 vascular plant species were transported externally. Since only a limited number of seeds came from woodland habitats, the open landscape was at least as important as a source of attached seeds as the forest vegetation. Thus, most plant species occurring in the studied forest area, especially characteristic woodland herbs, showed no adaptations to epizoochorous dispersal, although being very abundant in the herb layer. We conclude that hoofed game play a particular role concerning the dispersal of ruderal and grassland species in the agricultural landscape of central Europe. However, the actual spread of some herb species in forests of northern Germany, e.g. Agrostis capillaris, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Deschampsia flexuosa, Galium aparine and Urtica dioica, may be mainly facilitated by wild ungulates. Though dispersal by large mammals is an important mechanism for long-distance dispersal of plants in general, our results suggest that most of the characteristic herb species of mesic deciduous forests have only low epizoochorous dispersal potentials. The implications for nature conservation and silviculture are discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Heinken2004,
  author    = {Heinken, Thilo},
  title     = {Migration of an annual myrmecochore},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-5865},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {A seed sowing experiment was conducted in a mixed secondary woodland on acidic soils in NE Germany with Melampyrum pratense, an annual ant-dispersed forest herb which lacks a natural population in the study area, but is abundant in similar habitats. Each set of 300 seeds was sown within one square metre at three sites in 1997, and the development of the populations was recorded from 1998 onward. Additionally, seed fall patterns were studied in a natural population by means of adhesive cardboard. All trials resulted in the recruitment of populations, which survived and increased in both individual number and area, up to the year 2001. Thus, local distribution of Melampyrum pratense is dispersallimited. Total individual number increased from 105 to 3,390, and total population area from 2.07 to 109.04 m². Migration occurred in all directions. Mean migration rate was 0.91 m per year, and the highest migration rate was 6.48 m. No individual was recorded beyond 7.63 m from the centres of the sawn squares after three years, suggesting exclusive short-distance dispersal. As primary dispersal enables only distances of up to 0.25 m, ants are presumed to be the main dispersal vectors. Despite differences in individual number and colonization patterns, migration rates did not differ significantly between the populations, but were significantly higher in 2001 due to an increased population size. Colonization patterns were characterized by a rapid, negative exponential decrease of population density with increasing distance from the sown plot, suggesting a colonization by establishment of more or less isolated outposts of individuals and a subsequent gradual infill of the gaps between. My results resemble myrmecochorous dispersal distances in temperate woodlands, and migration rates and patterns across ecotones from ancient to recent deciduous forests. They may function as a colonization model of Melampyrum pratense after accidental long-distance dispersal.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{HoppertReimerKemmlingetal.2004,
  author    = {Hoppert, Michael and Reimer, Rudolph and Kemmling, Anne and Schr{\"o}der, Annekatrin and G{\"u}nzl, Bettina and Heinken, Thilo},
  title     = {Structure and reactivity of a biological soil crust from a xeric sandy soil in Central Europe},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-5872},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The investigation was designed to explore the structure, composition and activity of a biological soil crust on an acidic, sandy soil from a temperate climate. The crust covers several hundreds of square meters on the hilltop of a large terminal moraine. The conjugate alga Zygogonium ericetorum forms the essential matrix for the crust, a dense web of algal filaments with interspersed lichens and mosses. The crust is composed of three layers, with an uppermost layer consisting nearly entirely of a dense algal mat. In lower layers, a parasitic fungus, penetrating the algal cells, is another important component of the crust community. In this soil crust, photosynthetic and respiratory activity is stabilized at low water activities.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{KoechyWilson2004,
  author    = {K{\"o}chy, Martin and Wilson, Scott D.},
  title     = {Variation in nitrogen deposition and available soil nitrogen in a forest-grassland ecotone in Canada},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-5768},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Regional variation in nitrogen (N) deposition increases plant productivity and decreases species diversity, but landscape- or local-scale influences on N deposition are less well-known. Using ion-exchange resin, we measured variation of N deposition and soil N availability within Elk Island National Park in the ecotone between grassland and boreal forest in western Canada. The park receives regionally high amounts of atmospheric N deposition (22 kg ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹). N deposition was on average higher ton clayrich luvisols than on brunisols, and areas burned 1 - 15 years previously received more atmospheric N than unburned sites. We suggest that the effects of previous fires and soil type on deposition rate act through differences in canopy structure. The magnitude of these effects varied with the presence of ungulate grazers (bison, moose, elk) and vegetation type (forest, shrubland, grassland). Available soil N (ammonium and nitrate) was higher in burned than unburned sites in the absence of grazing, suggesting an effect of deposition. On grazed sites, differences between fire treatments were small, presumably because the removal of biomass by grazers reduced the effect of fire. Aspen invades native grassland in this region, and our results suggest that fire without grazing might reinforce the expansion of forest into grassland facilitated by N deposition.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Ginoux2004,
  author    = {Ginoux, Nicolas},
  title     = {Dirac operators on Lagrangian submanifolds},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-5627},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {We study a natural Dirac operator on a Lagrangian submanifold of a K{\"a}hler manifold. We first show that its square coincides with the Hodge - de Rham Laplacian provided the complex structure identifies the Spin structures of the tangent and normal bundles of the submanifold. We then give extrinsic estimates for the eigenvalues of that operator and discuss some examples.},
  language  = {en}
}